_ COPYRIGHT, 1959 BY THE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONGeo MATRICULATION EXAMINATION 1959 Apvancep LeveL PURE MATHEMATICS I Time allowed: Three hours Answer any SEVEN questions (a) IE a, b, c are positive numbers, prove that (i) atb22Vab (ii) (b+ lc + a)(a +b) = Babe When do the equality signs hold? (b) Ifx,y,z are the lengths of the three sides of a triangle, show that (y+ 3—s)(@ + 4-9) +y—4) Says. Also show that the equality sign holds if and only if the triangle is equilateral. (a) Determine the nature of the roots of the quadratic equation (k — 1x? + 2k — 2)x + 3kh—4=0, where & is a real constant. (6) Find the range of values of & for which one root is real and positive and the other root is real and negative. Sketch the graph of the function y = x°/(x — 1) (x — 2) near the lines x = 1, x = 2 andy =x +3. - Only brief explanation is required. (a) There are six buses on a certain route, A man has a friend serving as the conductor in one of these buses. One day that man rode on the buses of that route for six times. What is the probability that the two friends met at least once. (b) 1» straight lines in the plane are said to be in general position if any two of them are not parallel and any three of them are not concurrent. If f(z) is the number of parts of the plane divided by » straight lines in general position, show that f)=n+ f(u—I) Hence express f() as a polynomial in n. 15 Advanced Level Papers 1959 (a) Express x8 + 3x1 — 7 as a polynomial in (x? +- 1) (b) Find a polynomial g(x) in x which satisfies the equation P(x)/O(x) = 1/(@ + 2) + g(a)/(* + 1) where P(x) = 28 + 27 + 6x8 4 3x5 + 1204 4 4x? — Tx — 13 Q(x) = (* + 2)(* + 1)! Hence resolve P(x)/Q(x) into partial fractions. (a) The coefficients p and g of the equation »* + px +qg=0 are integers. Show (i) that, if a root « of the cquation is rational, which divides 9; (ii) that, if a root of the equation is of the form a + /b, where a and b are rational and 1/0 is irrational, then the equation has an integral root. (6) Express cos 30 as a polynomial in cos 0. Hence show that cos 20° is neither a rational number nor a real number of the form a + +/6, where a, b are rational. (a) Show that 2 cos(x + 2kr)n) sin(re/n) = sinfa + (2k + 1)x/n] — sin [x + (2k — 1)n/n] Hence, or otherwise, show that cos a + cos(a + 2n/n) +. . . + cos[a + 2(n — 1)n/n1] =0 where 1 is a positive integer greater than 1. (b) P isa point in the plane of a regular polygon 4,4, . . - An of n sides. The polygon is inscribed in acircle with centre O and radius r. Show that PAY, + PAY, +... + PAR, =n(r2 + @) where a = OP. (a) State and prove Menclaus’ Theorem. (b) A triangle ABC is inscribed in a circle (K). ‘The tangents to (K) at A, B, C meet the sides BC, CA, AB at points L, M,N, respectively. By considering the triangle formed by the three tangents, prove that L, M, N are collinear. « is an integer 2MATRICULATION EXAMINATION 1959 Apvancep LrveL PURE MATHEMATICS II Time allowed: Three hours Answer any SEVEN questions 1. (a) If the coordinates of two points A and B are, respectively, (x; 945) and (va, y), show that the coordinates of the point P on AB such that AP/PB = «are [(%, + @¥»)/(1 + @), (, + ay.)/(1 +2) ], where « is any real number not equal i a F (b) P,Q, Rare three points on the sides BC, CA, AB of a triangle ABC such that BP|PC =2, CQ/QA=1]3, AR/RB=« iH] Without using Ceva’s Theorem, find the value of « when AP, BQ, CR are concurrent. 2. (a) Show that the two circles | fot + 2ex + By +e =0 xf P+ 2g'n + 2fy to =0 are orthogonal if and only if ee + = e+e (b) A variable circle meets a fixed circle orthogonally and touches a fixed line. Show that the locus of its centre is a parabola. 3. (a) If the normal at a point P of an ellipse meets the two principal axes at points A and B, show that AP/PB is constant. (b) ABC is a triangle and the coordinates of B and C are, respec- tively, (2, 0) and (—2, 0). If the product of the slopes of the lines AB and AC is 9/16, show (i) that the third vertex A lies on a hyperbola (H). (it) Find the foci, the directrices and the asymtotes of (H). and 3Advanced Level Papers 1959 4. (a) Find d'y/dx" when y = slog x (6) Show that the function y = (x + V‘ equation. 1)° satisfies the (x2 — 1)y" + ay’ — ty = 0 5. (a) Find the maximum and minimum values of the function f(x) = (#2 — 7x + 6)/(x — 10) (b) Sketch the curve y = f(x) and find the equations of its tangents of slope 1/2. Bh vn Evaluate the following: if lity (@ —e-* — 2 sin x)]x? 6, it V30— VID 6 Prove that b b be [te+s—sav=f foyer = fle + ode =2x)|(2x — 3 V19 — 5x) 7. a Evaluate the integral dx eve +4 by the substitution « = 2 tan 0. (b) If m and n are positive integers and = Te Sie sinms costs de show that a Hence calculate J,2Pure Mathematics IT 5) 8. (a) Two curves y = 2 sin® x and y = sin 2x intersect at a point P between «= Oand x = =/2. Find the coordinates of the point P, Also find the area bounded by these two curves, the line x = 0 and the line through P and parallel to x = 0. (b) A surface of revolution is generated by revolving a circle of radius @ about a line in its plane at a distance b from its centre, where > a. Find the volume of this surface of revolution.