18.

1 Measure Time Intervals

? Essential Question How can you measure elapsed time in minutes?

Texas Essential
Knowledge and Skills
Geometry and Measurement—3.7.C
Determine the solutions to problems involving addition and
subtraction of time intervals in minutes using pictorial models
or tools such as a 15-minute event plus a 30-minute event
equals 45 minutes
MATHEMATICAL PROCESSES
3.1.A Apply mathematics to problems
3.1.E Create and use representations
How can you measure
elapsed time in minutes?
Are You Ready?
Access Prior Knowledge
Use the Are You Ready? 18.1 in the
Assessment Guide to assess students’
understanding of the prerequisite skills
for this lesson.

Vocabulary
Lesson Opener elapsed time

Making Connections Go to Multimedia eGlossary at

Invite students to tell you what they know about analog clocks. thinkcentral.com

Which hand shows the minutes? (The long hand) The hours? (The short hand) How
many minutes are there in 1 hour? (60)

Using the Digital Lesson

You may want to show the students a clock set at 12:15 and 12:47 and ask them what
time the clock shows.

Learning Task
What is the problem the students are trying to solve? Connect the story to the problem.
• What does Doc want to know? (How long the travelers were stopped for the picnic.) Resources
• What time did the travelers arrive? (12:15)
• What time is it now? (12:47) For the student For the teacher
• Has more or less than an hour passed? (Less) Interactive Digital Management
Student Edition Center organizes program
Literacy and Mathematics provides students resources by TEKS!
with an interactive learning
Choose one or more of the following activities. environment! eTeacher
• Write the word elapsed on the board. Ask students to define the word and use it Edition
in their own original sentence. Math on the Spot
Video Tutor Online Assessment
• Ask students to draw a basket and draw what foods they would bring for a picnic. System
iTools Virtual
Manipulatives

Soar to Success Math

Online Intervention

Lesson 18.1 565A

 Name

18.1
Geometry and
Measurement—3.7.C

Measure Time Intervals MATHEMATICAL PROCESSES

3.1.A, 3.1.E
Hands

Unlock the Problem

On
? Essential Question
How can you measure elapsed time in minutes?

In this lesson, you will learn to find elapsed time,

Hands
which is the time between the beginning and the Unlock
Unlock the
the Problem
Problem On

end of an activity. Ava and her family visited Space Center

Houston. They watched a movie that
Check that students understand they are to find the • What time did the movie begin?
began at 4:10 p.m. and ended at 4:53 p.m.
elapsed time between 4:10 P.M. and 4:53 P.M, which How long did the movie last? 4:10 P.M.
is the how long the movie lasts. • What time did the movie end?
To find elapsed time, find the amount
of time that passes from the start of an 4:53 P.M.

One Way activity to the end of the activity. • Underline the question.

Guide students to follow the steps and find the One Way Use a number line.
elapsed time in minutes using the number line. Point STEP 1 Find the time on the number line that the movie began.
out to students that they can make jumps of any size
that make sense, and then record the jumps on the STEP 2 Count on to the ending time, 4:53. Count on by tens
number line. for each 10 minutes. Count on by ones for each minute.
Write the times below the number line.
• Why does it make sense to start counting by tens
in this example? Possible answer: because the start time STEP 3 Draw the jumps on the number line to show the minutes
is 4:10, which ends in 10 from 4:10 to 4:53. Record the minutes.

• How many minutes is it from 4:10 to 4:50? 10 min 1 10 min  1 10 min  1 10 min 1 1 min 1 1 min 1 1 min
40 minutes
• How many minutes is it from 4:50 to 4:53? 4:10 4:20 4:30 4:40 4:50 4:51 4:52 4:53

3 minutes
STEP 4 Add to find the total minutes. Math Talk
• If you combine 40 minutes and 3 minutes, do you Mathematical Processes
10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 1 + 1 + 1 = _
43
get the same answer as counting jumps on the Describe another way
number line from 4:10 to 4:53? Explain. Yes; you get The elapsed time from 4:10 P.M. to 4:53 P.M. is _
43 minutes. you can use jumps on the
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

number line to find the

the same answer of 43 minutes. So, the movie lasted _
43 minutes. elapsed time from
Possible description: start at 4:10. Jump 20 minutes 4:10 P.M. to 4:53 P.M.
to 4:30 to get to the half hour, jump 20 minutes to
4:50, and then jump 3 minutes to 4:53 for an elapsed
time of 20 + 20 + 3 = 43 minutes.
Math Talk Mathematical Processes

Use Math Talk to focus on students’ understanding

Module 18 565
of finding an elapsed time using jumps of different
sizes on a number line.

Auditory
English Language Learners ELL Language Support Small Group
Leveled Activities ELPS
ELPS 2.C.1, 2.C.3, 3.D.1
Beginning: Activity 1 3.E, 3.F.1, 4.C.2
Intermediate: Activity 32 2.C.3, 2.D.2, 4.F.5 Strategy: Model Language
Advanced: Activity 28 3.F.1, 4.C.3, 4.F.8 • Students practice using the multiple meanings
of the word last.
Advanced High: Activity 60 2.I.3, 4.F.7, 4.G.3
• Have students give examples of how last can
Go to thinkcentral.com for the ELL Activity be used in a sentence. Possible answers: I am This is the last
Guide containing these leveled activities. the last person in line. Last Friday we saw a movie. cube in line.
• We also use last to say how long something
continues in time, or how long it will go on.
The movie will last 2 hours.
• Have students describe how long various
events last.

565 Module 18
 Other Ways
Start time: 4:10 P.M. End time: 4:53 P.M.
A Use an analog clock. B Use subtraction.
Other Ways
Discuss with students the two other ways to find the
STEP 1 Find the starting time on the clock. STEP 1 Write the ending time. Then
elapsed time in minutes by using an analog clock and
write the starting time so that
STEP 2 Count the minutes by counting on by by using subtraction.
the hours and minutes line up.
fives and ones to 4:53 P.M. Write the
missing counting numbers next to STEP 2 The hours are the same, so • Why does it make sense to start counting by fives
the clock. subtract the minutes. when you use the analog clock to find the elapsed
42
43
4: 5 3
→
end time time? Possible answer: because the start time is 4:10
41 11 12 1 0
→ and the numbers on the analog clock are in five-minute
40
10 2 −4 : 1 0 start time
35
___ intervals
9 3 5 →
4 3 elapsed time
8 4
30 7 6 5 10
• How is finding the elapsed time using a clock
25 15
similar to finding the elapsed time using a number
20
line? Possible answer: I find the starting time on either the
So, the elapsed time is _
43 minutes. clock or the number line, and then I count on until I reach
the ending time.
When students use subtraction to find the elapsed
Hands
On
Share
Share and
and Show
Show time, make sure they line up the minutes and hours
like they line up place values before subtracting
1. Use the number line to find the elapsed time 5 min 1 10 min 1 10 min whole numbers.
from 1:15 p.m. to 1:40 p.m. __
25 minutes • How is lining up times before subtracting similar
Possible drawing and labels are given. 1:15 1:20 1:30 1:40 to lining up whole numbers before subtracting?
Possible answer: before I subtract times, I need to line up
Find the elapsed time. Possible drawing and labels are given. the minutes and the hours. This is similar to subtracting
2. Start: 11:35 a.m. End: 11:54 a.m. 3. Start: 4:20 p.m. End: 5:00 p.m. whole numbers because I need to line up the digits in the
1 10 min 1 4 min same place values before subtracting.
5 min 11 12 1
10 2
9 3
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Hands
On
11:35 11:40 11:50 11:54
8
7 6 5
4
Share and Show
The first problem connects to the learning model.
19 minutes 40 minutes
Have students use the MathBoard to explain their
thinking.
566
Use the checked exercises for Quick Check.
Students should show their answers for the Quick
Check on the MathBoard.

3
2
1 Quick Check
Visual
Enrich Individual IF a student misses the checked exercises

• Display the flight schedule. Discuss reasons for differences in travel Differentiate Instruction with
THEN
times, such as different destinations or connecting flights. RtI Tier 1 Lesson 86

Flights Originating in San Francisco, California

Depart Travel Time Arrive
Flight 1 7:05 A.M. 43 minutes 7:48 A.M.
Flight 2 10:02 A.M. 1 hour 8 minutes 11:10 A.M.
Flight 3 2:41 P.M. 1 hour 16 minutes 3:57 P.M.
Flight 4 6:33 P.M. 2 hours 23 minutes 8:56 P.M.

• Have students find the unknown times. Which flight is the longest?
The shortest? Flight 4; Flight 1

Go to Go to thinkcentral.com for additional enrichment

activities in the Enrich Activity Guide. Lesson 18.1 566
 Name

Problem
Problem Solving
Solving
Problem Solving
4. Apply Connor started reading his Write Math Show Your Work
Problems book about outer space at quarter
after nine in the morning. He read
In Problem 5, students find two elapsed times and until quarter to ten in the morning.
subtract to find the difference. How long did Connor read his book?
30 minutes
Problem 6 requires students to use higher order
thinking to solve this multistep problem and find the
5. Multi-Step Aiden arrived
total elapsed time. at the rocket display at 3:35 p.m. and
left at 3:49 p.m. Ava arrived at the
Go Deeper rocket display at 3:30 p.m. and left
Have students find the elapsed time for an event at 3:56 p.m. Ava spent how many
that begins at 11:53 A.M and ends at 12:15 P.M. Ask more minutes at the rocket display
than Aiden?
students to explain why changing from A.M. to P.M.
can still result in an elapsed time that is only 12 more minutes

minutes long. Students should explain that the sum

6. Multi-Step At the space
of the two durations in minutes will be hours and center, Hannah bought a model of a
minutes only if the number of minutes is more lunar rover. She started working on
than 60. Whether they are minutes in the morning the model the next day at 11:13 a.m.
or minutes in the afternoon does not matter. She worked until leaving for lunch at
11:51 a.m. After lunch, she worked on
the model again from 1:29 p.m. until
1:48 p.m. How long did Hannah work
COMMON ERRORS
C on the model?
E
Error Students count incorrectly on a number line 57 minutes
or an analog clock.
7. Write Math Aiden’s family took
Example Students f ind an incorrect elapsed time the NASA Tram tour from 2:05 p.m.
using an analog clock. to 2:45 p.m. Explain how you know
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

that the tour was more than

Springboard to Learning Have students find the
30 minutes.
elapsed time using one method and check their
answers using a different method. Possible explanation: from 2:05 to 2:35 is

30 minutes. 2:45 is after 2:35.

Module 18 • Lesson 1 567

M
Math on the Spot
Video Tutor
V

Through the Math on the Spot Video Tutor,

students will be guided through an interactive 3

solving of this type of H.O.T. problem. Use this

2
1
RtI Tier 1 Lesson 86 Enrich 82
video to also help students solve the H.O.T. Name Name Enrich 82

LESSON Measure Time Intervals 1

How Much Time?

problem in the Interactive Student Edition. With 86 3.7.C
OBJECTIVE Use a number line or an analog clock to measure time intervals in minutes.

Find the elapsed time.

these videos and the H.O.T. problems, students Julia starts her homework at 4:20 P.M. She finishes at 5:00 P.M. 1. Mia’s soccer practice started at 3:15 P.M. and ended at
4:10 P.M. How long was Mia’s soccer practice?
How much time does Julia spend doing homework?
will build skills needed in the TEXAS assessment. Elapsed time is the amount of time that passes from the
start of an activity to the end of the activity.
55 minutes
Use a number line to find elapsed time. 2. Alex started eating lunch at 1:20 P.M. He finished at 1:55

Math on the Spot videos are in the

in the afternoon. How long did it take Alex to eat lunch?
Step 1 Begin with the start time, 4:20.

Step 2 Skip count by tens to count the minutes

35 minutes
Interactive Student Edition and at from 4:20 to 5:00.
3. Rose started eating breakfast at 7:45 in the morning.
Step 3 Label the number line. Draw jumps for She finished at 8:35. How long did it take for Rose to
thinkcentral.com. every 10 minutes until you get to 5:00. eat breakfast?
10 +10 +10 +10 = 40 minutes
50 minutes
4:20 4:30 4:40 4:50 5:00 4. Jackson went outside to look at the stars at 8:40 in the
evening. He went back inside at 9:25 P.M. How long did
Step 4 Add the minutes that have elapsed. 40 minutes
Jackson look at the stars?
So, Julia spends 40 minutes doing homework.
45 minutes
Possible drawings and labels are given. 5. Julio started his homework at 4:40 in the afternoon. He
1. Use the number line to find the 2. Find the elapsed time. finished at 5:05 P.M. How long did it take Julio to finish
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

elapsed time. his homework?

Start: 10:30 A.M. End: 10:59 A.M.
Start: 11:05 A.M. End: 11:56 A.M. 25 minutes
5 min +40 min +6 min 11 12 1
10 2 6. Stretch Your Thinking Pilar wakes up at 6:45 A.M.
9 3 If she eats breakfast 15 minutes later, at what time does
8 4 Pilar eat breakfast?
7 6 5
11:05 11:10 11:50 11:56
7:00 A.M.
51 minutes 29 minutes

Geometry and Measurement 171 Enrich E82

567 Module 18
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Mathematical Processes
Model ¥ Reason ¥ Communicate

Daily
Daily Assessment
Assessment Task
Task
3
2
Fill in the bubble for the correct answer choice.
Daily Assessment Task 1

8. Samantha practices for a kayak race from 8:02 a.m. to

8:49 a.m. How long does Samantha practice? Can students measure elapsed time in minutes?
A 41 minutes C 69 minutes
IF THEN
B 47 minutes D 51 minutes

9. Amy reads a book from 9:15 a.m. to 9:29 a.m. before she NO • Soar to Success Math
goes to class. During lunch, she reads the same book Warm-Up 51.16
from 1:18 p.m. to 1:35 p.m. How long does Amy read
the book?
A 14 minutes C 31 minutes YES • Enrich 82
• Homework and Practice
B 22 minutes D 17 minutes
Lesson 18.1
10. Multi-Step Lucas does his science homework from
5:12 p.m. to 5:43 p.m. It takes him 5 more minutes to
do his history project than it does to finish his science
homework. How long does it take Lucas to finish his TEXAS Test Prep Coach
history project?
Test Prep Coach helps teachers to identify common
A 31 minutes C 41 minutes errors that students can make.
B 26 minutes D 36 minutes
In the Test Prep exercise, if students selected:

A They chose the minutes in the end time.

TEXAS Test Prep C They chose the minutes in the start time.
11. Kira got on the tour bus at 5:15 p.m. She got off the bus at D They added the minutes in the start time and the
5:37 p.m. How long was Kira on the bus?
end time.
A 37 minutes
B 22 minutes
? Essential Question Write
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

C 15 minutes Math
D 52 minutes How can you measure elapsed time in minutes?
Possible answer: find the starting time. Then use a number
line, analog clock, or subtraction to count the minutes to the
568
ending time.

Differentiated Centers Kit

Games

Games Literature Activities

Matching Time Late for School Time Marches On!
Students practice Students read about Kim’s Students complete
telling time to late start and her attempts orange Activity Card
the minute to to get to school on time. 8 by showing time
match cards. to the minute and
elapsed time on
analog clocks.

Lesson 18.1 568

 5
Geometry and Measurement—3.7.C

Ho mewo rk MATHEMATICAL PROCESSES 3.1.A, 3.1.E

TEXAS Test Prep
Lesson
Lesson Check
Check
and Practice
Name
Fill in the bubble completely to show your answer.

18.1 Measure Time Intervals

7. Mr. Divak leaves for work at
8:15 a.m. He gets to work at
8:33 a.m. How long does it take
8. Cara started her homework at
6:10 p.m. She finished at 6:49 p.m.
How long did it take Cara to do her
Find the elapsed time. Mr. Divak to get to work? homework?
1. Start: 1:10 a.m. End: 1:55 a.m. 2. Start: 3:40 p.m. End: 4:15 p.m. A 18 minutes A 49 minutes
B 23 minutes B 40 minutes
11 12 1 11 12 1
10 2 10 2
C 15 minutes C 39 minutes
9 3 9 3
8 4 8 4 D 28 minutes D 59 minutes
7 6 5 7 6 5

45 minutes 35 minutes 9. Art class begins at 1:30 p.m. It ends 10. A TV shows starts at 5:03 p.m. It lasts
at 2:13 p.m. How long does art 55 minutes. What time does the
3. Start: 12:25 a.m. End: 12:51 a.m. 4. Start: 10:05 a.m. End: 10:55 a.m. class last? show end?
A 53 minutes A 6:00 p.m.
11 12 1 11 12 1
10 2 10 2 B 33 minutes B 4:58 p.m.
9 3 9 3
8 4 8 4 C 30 minutes C 5:58 p.m.
7 6 5 7 6 5
D 43 minutes D 4:47 p.m.
26 minutes 50 minutes

11. Multi-Step Ben gets on a bus at 12. Multi-Step Marcella works on

Main Street at 10:13 a.m. The bus her art project from 4:10 p.m. to
arrives at Elm Street at 10:27 a.m. It 4:35 p.m. Then she takes a break.
Problem
Problem Solving
Solving waits for 10 minutes. Then it arrives She continues to work on her
at Broadway at 10:50 a.m. How long project from 6:25 p.m. to 6:43 p.m.
5. Dane started running at half past 6. Multi-Step Myoshi began making
is Ben on the bus if he rides from How long does Marcella work on
three in the afternoon. He stopped dinner at 5:25 p.m. He finished
Main Street to Broadway? her art project?
running at ten minutes after four. making dinner at 6:07 p.m. He served
How long did Dane run? dinner to his guests from 7:10 p.m. A 37 minutes A 43 minutes
until 7:33 p.m. How long did it take
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

B 14 minutes B 33 minutes
Myoshi to make and serve dinner?
C 27 minutes C 55 minutes
40 minutes 65 minutes
D 42 minutes D 25 minutes

Module 18 • Lesson 1 569 570

Homework and Practice

Use the Homework and Practice pages to provide
students with more practice on the concepts and
skills of this lesson.

569-570 Module 18