To Kinesio Tape or Not To Kinesio Tape: Objectives

Slide 1 ___________________________________
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TAPING THE WORLD FOR HEALTH
To Kinesio Tape Or Not To Kinesio tape
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Keith Khoo PT CKTP
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Slide 2 ®
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OBJECTIVES
Describe the concepts of Kinesio Taping.

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Review muscular anatomy as it is related to Kinesio Taping.
Explain and apply the concepts of the Kinesio Taping Method.
Describe the unique qualities of the Kinesio Tex Tape.
Recognize the principles of Kinesio Tex Tape application.
Utilize and demonstrate application skills in guided laboratory sessions.
Demonstrate application skills during lab sessions.
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Practice the various cutting techniques and their clinical application.
Apply Kinesio Taping method to relax and stimulate muscles.
Apply Kinesio Taping methods for pain, swelling, joint mobility and stability.
Apply various taping techniques for treatment of the spine, and upper/ lower
extremity dysfunction.
Apply various taping techniques for treatment of unique conditions using the
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concepts and principals of the Kinesio Taping Method.
Understand the benefits and limitations of Kinesio tape.
Identify contraindications of Kinesio tape use.
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Slide 3 ___________________________________
What’s In A Name?
Proper Name:
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Kinesio® Tex Tape
for use with the ___________________________________
Kinesio® Taping Method
These are both trademarked
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Common Use Term:
Kinesio®, Kinesio® Tape, KT

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Slide 4 Wherever there is skin, ___________________________________
we can apply Kinesio Tex Tape
to treat...
• AC Joint Injury
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• ACL Injury
• Achilles Tendonitis
• Bicep Tendonitis
• Brachial Plexus Syndrome
•
•
Carpel Tunnel Syndrome
Elbow Bursitis
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• Hallux Valgus Pain
• Headaches
• Medial/Lateral
•
•
Epicondylitis
Patella Tendonitis
Scoliosis
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• Shin Splints
• Bruised Tissue
Virtually everything!
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we can apply Kinesio Tex Tape
to treat...
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Virtually
everything!
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we can apply Kinesio
®
Tex Tape
to treat...
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Virtually
everything! ___________________________________
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Slide 7 ___________________________________
What is Kinesio Taping? ®
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 A time tested, therapeutic
taping method
 Uniquely designed elastic
tape
 Enhances function of many
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different tissues
 Can be applied and worn 24
hours a day, 3-5 days
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Slide 8 ___________________________________
 Unique modality for any

treatment plan
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o Acute
o Sub-Acute
o Rehabilitative
o Chronic ___________________________________
 Preventative Modality
 Helps the body return to
Homeostasis ___________________________________
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Slide 9 ___________________________________
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 Can be used with
other modalities
o manual therapy
o
o
cryotherapy
hydrotherapy
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o electrical stimulation
o phototherapy
o acupuncture ___________________________________
 Immediate and long
term response
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Slide 10 Kenzo Kase D.C. ___________________________________
Inventor of KinesioTex Tape
Founder of KinesioTaping Method
 Dr. Kase has earned degrees in Business

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Administration, a Doctorate of Chiropractic
Medicine, is a Certified Acupuncturist and
Moxibustion Therapist.
 Dr Kase teaches the Kinesio Taping Method

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in Japan and around the world.
 He continues to lecture about Kinesio Taping

Methods, research in anatomy and exercise
protocols. ___________________________________
 He has published scientific research
regularly since 1980.
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Slide 11 Kenzo Kase D.C. ___________________________________

Inventor of KinesioTex Tape
Founder of Kinesio Taping Method
KT History Lesson ___________________________________

 Dr Kase wanted to offer patients a
“prescription” that was effective even
between visits.
 Began experimenting with existing tapes

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 Without desired results, he developed
a new type of tape ___________________________________
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Slide 12 ___________________________________
History of Kinesio Taping
®
 Dr Kase invented KinesioTex ___________________________________

Tape and the Kinesio Taping
Method in 1973 in Japan.
 First used in Japan’s clinical

rehabilitation settings ___________________________________
 International exposure due to
use in ‘88 Seoul Olympics
 Introduced to the USA in 1995

and Europe in 1996. ___________________________________
 KTA formed in 1997
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Slide 13 ___________________________________
The Who’s Who of Sports
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Slide 14 ___________________________________
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Slide 15 ___________________________________
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Slide 16 United States Postal ___________________________________
Service Cycling Team
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Slide 17 Lance Armstrong’s ___________________________________

Every Second Counts
 "Something better than any laser, ___________________________________

wrap, or electric massager....The
Tape.
 It is a special hot-pink athletic
tape that came from Japan and
seemed to have special powers.
 …tape(d) us all up, different parts
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of our bodies...George's back,
Chechu's knees.
 Sometimes we'd be so wrapped
up …that we'd look like dolls, a
bunch of broken dolls.
But the next day the pain
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disappeared--it was gone."
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Slide 18 ___________________________________
Kinesio Taping Today
®
 85% of Kinesio Tex Tape applications are non-athletic ___________________________________
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Slide 19 ___________________________________
Kinesio Taping Today
®
 Professional teams and athletes rely ___________________________________

on the unique technique within
 United States/Canada


South America
Asia
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 Europe
 Middle East
 South Africa
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 41 US Colleges and Universities
introduce KT as a part of the
professional curriculum since 2003
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Slide 20 ___________________________________
KT Practitioners
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 Primary markets are PT’s, OT’s,
ATC’s, DC’s, MD’s, LAc’s, MT’s
and RN’s
 In 2008, over 78,000

practitioners purchased
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Kinesio® Tex Tape in the US,
with over 150,000 worldwide
 21 International Distribution
Partners representing over 73
countries around the globe
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 #1 Elastic Therapeutic Tape
in the world
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Slide 21 Unique Qualities of ___________________________________

Kinesio Tex Tape
®
 Tape applied to paper substrate with 10%

stretch
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 Elasticity to 40-60% of resting length
 Stretches along longitudinal axis only

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 Thickness and weight similar to skin
 100% medical grade, acrylic heat activated ___________________________________

adhesive
 No medicinal properties in tape
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Slide 22 Unique Qualities of ___________________________________
Kinesio Tex Tape
®
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LATEX FREE!!!!
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Slide 23 Kinesio Taping Method

®
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vs.
Other Taping Techniques
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Three main taping techniques recognized within
therapeutic communities
 McConnell® Taping Technique (very restrictive) ___________________________________

 Prophylactic Athletic Taping (restrictive)
 Kinesio® Taping Method (Lift Skin, Create Space
 Dynamic Taping (Absorb Load, Full ROM) Australian Ryan Kendrick ___________________________________
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Slide 24 ___________________________________
Athletic Taping
 Acute injuries and injury prevention

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 Used to limit or assist motion
 Requires pre-tape or spray adhesive ___________________________________

 Compression of the skin, joints and
muscles
 Skin irritation due to latex adhesive

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 Limited wear time
 Primary purpose not rehabilitative

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Slide 25 McConnell Taping ®
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Technique
 Bracing or strapping technique ___________________________________
Endura Tape ®, Leuko Tape ®
 Extremely rigid, cotton mesh tape
 Primarily orthopedic applications ___________________________________

 Requires pre-tape
 Limited wear time due to skin irritation

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 Limits normal and pathologic movement
 Poor adhesive quality when wet

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Slide 26 ___________________________________
Clinical Differences
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Slide 27 Kinesio Tape ___________________________________

Availability
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Slide 28 ___________________________________
Dynamic Tape
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Slide 29 ___________________________________
Kinesio Tex Gold
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Slide 30 Initial Difficulties with ___________________________________

Kinesio Taping Method
®
 Unlearn traditional athletic tape ___________________________________

application methods
 Not just an orthopedic modality
 Proper patient assessment is ___________________________________

critical
 Not appropriate for all patients
 Practice within your expertise ___________________________________

only. May need to consult with
a physician or other medical
professional before taping.
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Slide 31 Basic Concepts of ___________________________________
KT Corrective Techniques
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Slide 32 Basic Concepts of

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KT Corrective Techniques
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RULE OF THUMB
 Rule of thirds where the treatment
component of the tape is one third
and the tails on each end is a third
each
 Less is more where tension is
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is concerned
 Less is more where number of
applications is used
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Slide 33 Kinesio Tape Removal

®
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Roll Method
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Catch front Gently roll down Pull tape away
edge of tape with finger from substrate
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Slide 34 ___________________________________
Tape Removal
Tear Method
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Tear paper substrate Gently pull back
substrate from tape
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Slide 35 Feel the Stretch of ___________________________________

Kinesio Tex Tape
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Pull the backing Example of

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from both sides stretch
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Slide 36 Application of ___________________________________

Kinesio Taping
®
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 Assess/Screen
 Tape
 Re-assess
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 X, I, Y, Web & Fan cuts
(the Y & I cuts are most
common)
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Slide 37 ___________________________________
Kinesio Tex Tape Colors
 Currently, Kinesio Tex Tape comes in Beige,

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Blue, Red, and Black Note: “Pink” is listed as
“RED”
 There is no difference in tape manufacturing

or ingredients other than the color dye
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 All color is added from plant extracts, which
add to the hypoallergenic properties
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 Individual and Bulk rolls come in all colors
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Slide 38 ___________________________________
Kinesio Taping Glossary
®
 Anchor: Beginning of
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application; no tension.
 Ends or Tails: Last part of tape

that is laid down; no tension ___________________________________
 Base: Tape beyond anchor or
therapeutic region of the tape.
Portion of the tape between
anchor and beginning of ends or ___________________________________
tails in Y or X cuts; or between
anchor and end or tail of I cut
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Slide 39 ___________________________________
Kinesio Taping Glossary
®
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 Tails: Split in tape for Y, X or fan.
 “Paper Off Tension” Tape is applied with the

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10-15% tension off the substrate
 Tensions greater than 50% are for Corrective

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techniques only
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Slide 40 Concepts of ___________________________________
Kinesio Taping
®
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 Skin should be free of oils and dry
 Stretch target tissue as tolerated
 No tension on anchors ___________________________________
 After application, lightly rub the tape to activate
the heat sensitive adhesive
 Tape application in moist areas or prior to swimming: apply
30 to 40 minutes prior to activity
 Tape both the pain, and cause of the pain
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Slide 41 Limitations of ___________________________________

Kinesio Taping
®
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 Body hair may need to be clipped or shaved
 Apply tape approx. 30 minutes before activity

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 Application during activity, may require the use of a
tape adherent
 Patient education is important component to success

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of application
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Slide 42 Removal of ___________________________________

Kinesio Tex Tape
®
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“ROLL” Method:
 Remove in direction of hair

growth ___________________________________
 Roll the tape off using the
base of the hand to brush/
pat skin gently to reduce
discomfort
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Slide 43 Removal of ___________________________________
Kinesio Tex Tape
®
“SKIN FROM TAPE” Method: ___________________________________

 Pull the skin back from the tape
 Tape may be removed while

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bathing
 Soap, hand lotion or oil (baby

or mineral) may be applied to
the tape to break the adhesive
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bonds comfortably
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Slide 44 Kinesio® Taping Method ___________________________________

Tensions
 A wide variety of tensions are

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used with Kinesio® Tex Tape.
One chooses the tension based
on the target tissue and desired
outcome
 Convolutions are evidence of ___________________________________
Kinesio® Tex Tape’s effect on
the skin
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Tension Application
Paper off 10-15%

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Light 15-25%
Moderate 25-50%
Severe
Full
50-75%
75-100%
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0% no tension on anchor or end
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Tension Application
Facilitation (PAD) 15-50%

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Inhibition (DIP) 15-25%
Space Correction 25-50%
Mechanical Correction 50-75%
Fascia Correction 15-50%
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Ligament Correction 50-100%
Tendon Correction 50-75%
Lymphedema/inflammation 10-25%
Scar management 25-50% ___________________________________
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Slide 47 ___________________________________
Direct Technique
• Exert their influence directly on the muscle or the
musculotendinous unit (MTU) ___________________________________
• Reducing the load – additional elastic forces in parallel
to the series elastic components
• Pre-Set – facilitates muscle activation in the target
muscle (possibly by excitation of the muscle spindles
• Force Generation, Energy Absorption, Storage and
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Release – Tape can contribute force thereby reducing
the force generation requirements of the MTU
• Long application – 30% tension
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Slide 48 ___________________________________
Indirect Techniques
• Are concerned with modification of gross
movement patterns without concern for ___________________________________
particular muscles or tendons
• Modification of Kinematics – modifying and
improving the way patients move
• Off Loading and Support – reducing the ___________________________________
mechanical load on sensitized tissues not by
directing assisting a MTU but by supporting or
providing weight relief
• Short Application – 70% tension ___________________________________
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Slide 49 ___________________________________
EXOSKELETAL SUPPORT SYSTEM
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Slide 50 EXOSKELETAL SUPPORT SYSTEM ___________________________________
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Slide 51 Physiological Effects of

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Kinesio® Taping…On
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1. Skin
2. Fascia
3. Circulatory/Lymphatic
Systems
4. Muscle ___________________________________
5. Joint
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Slide 52 ®
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Kinesio Taping Method
How It Works
 Designed to facilitate the body’s natural healing process and ___________________________________
to provide extended soft tissue manipulation to prolong the
benefits of manual therapy administered within the clinical
setting
 Targets different receptors within the somatosensory system,
the tape alleviates pain and facilitates lymphatic drainage by
microscopically lifting the skin
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 The lifting affect forms convolutions in the skin thus
increasing the interstitial space and allowing for decreased
inflammation
 Can be used in conjunction with a multitude of other
treatment and modalities and is effective during the
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rehabilitative and chronic phases of an injury as well as
being used for preventative measures
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Slide 53 ®
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Skin
Physiological Effects
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 Kinesio Tape provides gentle sensory stimulation to
various types of sensory receptors in the skin
during movement (Ruffini, Meissner, Pacinian,
Krause's bulb, Merkel's disk, free nerve endings,
hair follicles etc.) ___________________________________
 Activates the spinal inhibitory system through
stimulation of touch receptors and activates the
descending inhibitory system to decrease pain via
the Gate Control Theory, proposed by Melzack and
Wall. ___________________________________
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Slide 54 The First Division

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Skin & Superficial Fascia
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Slide 55 ®
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Tissue
Decompression
Tissue decompression has two primary ___________________________________
effects on the body.
 First, it relieves pressure from the free
nerve endings in the tissues that are
responsible for nociception (pain), so it
can immediately reduce perceived pain. ___________________________________
 Secondly, the decompression action of
the tape allows better circulation to and
from the area taped reducing swelling at
the site of an injury and likely
contributes to the performance and ___________________________________
recovery effects seen in athletes
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Slide 56 ®
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Tissue
Decompression
As Kinesio tape lifts and creates shear patterns in the ___________________________________
skin and underlying tissues, there is an alteration of the
afferent signals going from the taped area to the brain
As a result, this changes the brain’s response to the
incoming information, altering the efferent signals
returning to the taped area ___________________________________
This neurological effect of taping is responsible for many
of the beneficial effects of using Kinesio tape.
A study using functional MRI showed more areas of the
sensory cortex of the brain are stimulated when subjects
had tape (albeit Hypafix) applied to their knee during ___________________________________
movement Callaghan et al
Callaghan MJ et al… Effects of patellar taping on brain activity during knee joint
proprioception tests using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Physical Therapy.
2012; 92(6): 821-830
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Slide 57 ®
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Fascia
 An uninterrupted, three-dimensional web ___________________________________
of tissue that extends from head to toe,
front to back, from interior to exterior.
(Dunn and Silver 1983, Mosler et al 1985)
 Fascia is responsible for maintaining
structural integrity; for providing ___________________________________
support protection; acting as a force
dampener.
 Fascia has an essential role in
hemodynamic and biochemical
processes, and provides a major matrix ___________________________________
for intracellular communication.
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Slide 58 ®
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Fascia
 Fascia also functions as the body's first line of ___________________________________
defense against pathogenic agents and
infection. Repercussion from injury may be
body wide with stress on surrounding soft
tissues requiring progressive body adaptation
at local and global level (Levin 1990) ___________________________________
 After injury, it is the fascia that creates an
environment for tissue repair.
 Fascia extends to all fibers connected tissues,
including apponeuroses, ligaments, tendons,
retinacula, joint capsules, organ and vessel ___________________________________
tunics, epineurium, meninges, periosteum and
all the endomysial and intramuscular fibers of
the myofascia.
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Slide 59 ®
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Fascia
 Interconnected nature of fascia means that ___________________________________
everything in the body is structurally
connected.
 When fascia is too tight, your muscles ability
to perform optimally and repair is restricted.
 This tightness can also alter biomechanics and ___________________________________
cause mechanical compensation in other areas
 If this fascial contraction persists, fibroblasts
will secrete collagen and other proteins into the
extracellular matrix where they bind to existing
proteins, making the composition thicker and
less extensible
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 While this increases the tensile strength of the
fascia, it can unfortunately restrict the very
structure it aims to protect.
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Slide 60 ®
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Fascia
 This may result in a mild decrease in joint
range of motion to fascial binding of muscles,
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nerves and blood vessels (e.g. Compartment
syndromes).
 Reorganization of the fascia can occur if this
fascial contraction can be interrupted
 Fascia then will normalize its composition and
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tone and the extra material that was
generated by prolonged contraction will be
ingested by macro phages within the
extracellular matrix.
 Considering the two previous physiologic ___________________________________
effects, Kinesio Taping, when applied
correctly, can help minimize this fascial
contraction during soft tissue injury or help
reorganize the fascia during chronic injury.
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Slide 61 ®
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Fascia
Assessing the Fascial Planes
 The three main lines that correspond to ___________________________________
main muscular and habitual patterns of
motion that we all employ are:
o sagittal which mediates
flexion/extension,
o coronal/frontal which mediates
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abduction/adduction
o horizontal/transverse which mediates
rotation
 The assessment of three cardinal lines ___________________________________
ensure you a more global relaxation in the
fascial tension and restoration of increase
mobility corresponds along these lines.
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Slide 62 ®
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Fascia
Assessing the Fascial Planes
 Essentially the distinct difference is not ___________________________________
moving into the limit of anatomical integrity,
instead the assessment of joint motion is
confined to the level of first resistance.
 That is, where you feel the first tug, snag or
glitch to the smoothness and quality of this ___________________________________
motion.
 The reason is this will usually indicate the
congestion of the connective tissue in the
form of superficial fascia or fibrous
connective tissue component as capsular or
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ligament restriction.
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Slide 63 ___________________________________
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Slide 64 ®
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Fascial Connections
Cruz-Montecinos et al. Ultrasound assessment of fascial

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connectivity in the lower limb during maximal cervical flexion:
technical aspects and practical application of automatic
Tracking. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation
(2016) 8:18
• The fascia provides and transmits forces for connective
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tissues, thereby regulating human posture and movement.
One way to assess the myofascial interaction is a fascia
ultrasound recording. Ultrasound can follow fascial
displacement either manually or automatically through two-
dimensional (2D) method.
• By using an automated tracking method, the present
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analyses suggest statistically significant displacement of
deep fascia.
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Slide 65 ®
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Fascia “Holding”Correction
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 Use of Kinesio tape to reposition fascia with tension on the
base.
 Use of elastic qualities of tape to simulate manual therapy
technique.
 15-50% tension
 Oscillating motion (lateral or longitudinal) during
application to reduce tension and adhesions between and
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within layers of the fascia
 Maintaining the fascial plane post manual therapy once
fascial planes have been reestablished to hold fascia in
desired position and or to limit movement of fascia into
unwanted positions. ___________________________________
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Slide 66 ®
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Fascia “Holding” Correction
 Application of Kinesiology tape in

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the fascia method involves using
light to moderate tension (15-50%)
 Generally, for fascia correction a Y
strip of Kinesio Tape is used. The ___________________________________
base is applied with no tension, then
by applying light tension the tape is
gently stretched in the direction
fascia correction is desired.
 Can use oscillation (longitudinal or
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horizontally) as the tape is laid down,
no tension on the tails.
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Slide 67 ®
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Apply muscle tension in desired

direction for application of KT
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Slide 68 ®
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Hold the base, hold both ends of the tape and oscillate
as you apply it to the skin to either hold or assist the
fascia in unwinding it from the undesired position
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Slide 69 ®
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Light to moderate tension 15-50% tension in the
direction of the fascia
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Slide 70 ®
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Fascia “Holding” Technique
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 Tails with no tension
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Slide 71 ®
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Thoracolumbar Fascia
Application
oPatient position: standing
with maximum forward
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flexion
oApply base of tape to
paraspinals at T7-8 (level of
the inferior angle of the
scapula) ___________________________________
oStabilize the base of KT and
apply downward pressure to
increase tissue tension
oApply KT along the
paraspinals to the
lumbosacral junction ___________________________________
oAt the LS junction, apply KT
at 45o toward the sacroiliac
joint
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Slide 72 ®
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Application
oAllow the patient to return to
neutral before applying the
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second piece of KT to the
opposite side
oApply second piece of KT in
similar manner as the first
piece ___________________________________
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Slide 73 ®
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Application
oExtend the spine to 15o and
apply horizontal piece
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oHolding onto the tails of the
KT, with light tension (25%),
apply central portion of the
tape along Jacoby’s line or
the line drawn between the ___________________________________
right and left posterior
superior iliac crests
oApply the tails to the PSIS
with light tension (25%)
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Slide 74 ®
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Application
oCompleted Thoracolumbar
Fascia Application
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Slide 75 ®
___________________________________
___________________________________
VIDEO
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 76 Kinesio ®Taping after 12 ___________________________________
Hours
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 77 KT Muscle Applications

___________________________________
 Relieves pain
___________________________________
 Increases Range of Motion
 May normalize
length/tension ratios to
create optimal force ___________________________________
 Assists tissue recovery
 Reduces fatigue
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 78 ®
___________________________________
Muscle Physiological Effects
___________________________________
 The elastic properties of Kinesio Tape replicates and
enhances the function of muscle fibers and tendons
 In other words the GTO will cause "contraction failure"
to protect the muscle and tendons from excessive
force
___________________________________
 It is by these mechanisms that Kinesio Taping, when
applied correctly, can take advantage of the neural
control of human movement ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 79 ®
___________________________________
___________________________________
The elastic properties of Kinesio® Tex Tape replicates and
enhances the function of the muscle fibers and tendons.
Golgi tendon organs (GTO) are specialized mechanical receptors found
at the musculotendinous junction.
A single 1B caliber nerve fiber forms elaborate sprays that intertwine
___________________________________
with tendon fiber bundles enclosed with the connective tissue
capsule.
A dozen or more muscle fibers insert into these intracapsular tendon
fibers, which are in series with the muscle fibers.
The bulbous nerve endings are activated by the attenuation that
___________________________________
develops during muscle contraction.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 80 ®
___________________________________
The elastic properties of Kinesio® Tex Tape replicates and ___________________________________

enhances the function of the muscle fibers and tendons.
Because the rate of impulse discharge on the parent fiber is related to
the applied tension
Tendon endings signal the force of muscle contraction
Stimulation of the GTO by direct pressure has been well documented
___________________________________
by Rood and others to inhibit muscle over activation.
Research has also revealed that the GTO is responsible for controlling
the muscle spindle throughout movement.
It modulates and modifies tension of the muscle spindle directly in
response from feedback from the antagonist muscle to create
___________________________________
controlled coordinated motion.
GTOs turn the muscle off when the force applied is greater than the
tolerance of the muscle.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 81 ®
___________________________________
Muscle spindles are up to 1 cm in length and vary in number from a ___________________________________

dozen to several hundred in different muscles.
They are abundant in the antigravity muscles along the vertebral
column, femur, and tibia, muscles of the neck, intrinsic muscles of the
hand.
All these muscles are rich in slow, oxidative muscle fibers. ___________________________________
Spindles are scarce where Fast Glycolytic fibers or Fast Oxidative
Glycolytic fibers predominate.
Muscle spindles contain up to a dozen intrafusal muscle fibers
(ordinary muscle fibers are extrafusal in this context).
The larger intrafusal fibers emerge from the poles (ends) of the ___________________________________
spindles and are anchored to connective tissue (perimysium).
Smaller ones are anchored to the collagenous spindle capsule
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 82 ®
___________________________________
At the spindle equator (middle), sarcomeres are replaced almost ___________________________________
entirely by nuceli, in the form of “bags” (in wide fibers) or “chains” (in
slender fibers).
Muscle spindles have both a motor and a sensory nerve supply
The motor fibers, called fusimotor are in the A size range, in contrast
to the A fibers supplying the extrafusal muscle, ___________________________________
The fusimotor axons divide to supply the striated segments at both
ends of the intrafusal muscles.
A single primary sensory fiber of type Ia caliber applies annulospiral
wrappings around the bag or chain segments of the intrafusal fibers.
Secondary “flower spray” sensory endings on one or both sides of the ___________________________________
primary are supplied by type II fibers.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 83 ®
___________________________________
During muscle tension the strands of collagen are stretched as long as 3

___________________________________
inches
The muscle length changes (concentric or eccentric contractions).
The stretching deforms at the terminals of the 1b afferent axon, opening
sensitive cat ion channels.
___________________________________
As a result, the axon is depolarized and fires nerve impulses up to the
central nervous system via the spinal cord.
The action potential frequency signals the force being developed within
the muscle
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 84 ®
___________________________________
The sensory feedback plays important role in spinal reflexes in the

___________________________________
central control of muscle contraction
Specifically, it is postulated that because the GTO exists in serial
connection with muscle fibers, it can measure the tension that each
muscle contraction builds up.
The Ib afferent axon synapses with interneurons within the spinal cord
___________________________________
and also relays information to the brain
One of the main spinal reflexes receiving an input from the 1b
afferent is the autogenic inhibition reflex, which is involved with the
regulation of the force profile of ongoing muscle contractions. ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 85 ®
___________________________________
In other words the GTO will cause “contraction failure” to protect the ___________________________________
muscle and tendons from excessive force. It is by these mechanisms that
that Kinesio® Tex Taping, when applied correctly, can take advantage of
the neural control of human movement
The sensory feedback plays important role in spinal reflexes in the
central control of muscle contraction ___________________________________
Specifically, it is postulated that because the GTO exists in serial
connection with muscle fibers, it can measure the tension that each
muscle contraction builds up.
The Ib afferent axon synapses with interneurons within the spinal cord
and also relays information to the brain
___________________________________
One of the main spinal reflexes receiving an input from the 1b afferent
is the autogenic inhibition reflex, which is involved with the regulation
of the force profile of ongoing muscle contractions
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 86 ®
___________________________________
 In other words the GTO will cause “contraction failure “ to protect the ___________________________________
muscle and tendons from excessive force.
It is by these mechanisms that Kinesio taping, when

applied correctly, can take advantage of the neural ___________________________________
control of human movement.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 87 KT Muscle Application ___________________________________

Methodology
___________________________________
KT Application Guidelines are
designed to:
Improve muscle contraction of

a weakened muscle (Facilitation) ___________________________________
Stimulate relaxation of an over
contracted muscle (Inhibition)
Therapeutic direction is the recoil
toward the anchor
Therapeutic zone is the portion of
tape placed over the target tissue
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 88 ®
___________________________________
KT Muscle Applications
The muscle is optimally stretched and the tape is

applied with 0% tension. (In painful conditions the
___________________________________
tissue would not be stretched)
The tape is applied lengthwise applying the base
first without pulling, applying tape with the tissue
in stretched position. Then when the muscle is
relaxed the tape will wrinkle and form the
convolutions necessary to lift the skin from the
underlying fascia.
___________________________________
When Kinesio Tape is applied from the origin of the
muscle to insertion, the technique is supportive.
Applying Kinesio Tape from muscle insertion to its
origin assists in rehabilitation.
Gently moving the skin around the affected area to
determine the differential areas of pain would show
the experienced practitioner the direction to apply
Kinesio Tape. The tape would be applied in the
___________________________________
direction the skin was moved before the patient's
least painful motion. i.e. away from the pain.
These techniques can also be used
prophylactically to support a weakened muscle, or
in relaxation of muscle tension.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

___________________________________
Muscle Facilitation
___________________________________
•Apply tape from the
beginning of the muscle
to the end (Origin to
insertion) ___________________________________
•Tension 15-50%
•PAD (Proximal-
Activation-Distal)
•Used to stimulate weak ___________________________________
or underused muscles
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

___________________________________
Muscle Relaxation ___________________________________

(inhibition)
•Apply tape from the end of
the muscle to the beginning
(Insertion to Origin) ___________________________________
•Tension 15-25%
•DIP (Distal Inhibition
Proximal)
•Used to relax tired or ___________________________________
overused muscles
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 91 ®
___________________________________
Vercelli Et al compared the ___________________________________

effects of no tape, origin to
insertion and insertion to
origin tape on quadriceps
strength and limb ___________________________________
performance in health
individuals. No difference
was found between groups.
Vercelli S, Sartorio F, Foti C, et al. Immediate effects of
___________________________________
kinesiotaping on quadriceps muscle strength: A single-
blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Clin J Sport
Med. 2012;22(4):319-326.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 92 ®
___________________________________
Biceps Brachii Application
Origin:
Long Head - supraglenoid tubercle
___________________________________
of the scapula
Short Head - apex of the corocoid
process of the scapula
Insertion: Tuberosity of the radius
and bicipital aponeurosis (lacertus
___________________________________
fibrosis)
Actions: Long head -
glenohumeral flexion
Long and Short Head together –
with the elbow fixed, elbow ___________________________________
flexion and supination
With the insertion fixed, flexes
elbow moving humerus toward
fore arm as in pull up exercise
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 93 ®
___________________________________
Inhibition (DIP)
Patient standing or sitting
Attach base of KT to lateral
___________________________________
cubital fossae
Peel the KT from the paper
substrate and apply to the skin
without activating the adhesive
by rubbing ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 94 ®
___________________________________
Inhibition (DIP)
Extend shoulder and elbow with
the head rotated to the opposite
___________________________________
side
Stabilize the base of the tape
and pull the skin distally to
Apply the medial Y portion of
___________________________________
the tape to the corocoid process,
following the medial border of
the biceps
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 95 ®
___________________________________
Inhibition (DIP)
Rotate the shoulder medially
while keeping the shoulder and
___________________________________
elbow extended
Apply the lateral “Y” tail to the
acromioclavicular joint, following
the lateral border of the biceps ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 96 ®
___________________________________
Inhibition (DIP)
Completed Biceps Brachii
application for Inhibition
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 97 ___________________________________
Sacrospinalis
 The sacrospinalis is the generic

___________________________________
member of the erector spinae
in the thoracic and lumbar
regions
 Anterior member of the erector

___________________________________
spinae group is the iliocostalis
which, while being insufficient
on its own to move the body
forward or to maintain an erect
posture, is very strong in
resistance to extension,
___________________________________
hyperextension and lateral
flexion
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 98 KT Sacrospinalis ___________________________________

Applications
___________________________________
 Position: Standing or sitting in
neutral lumbar posture
 Measure and cut Y tape ___________________________________

 Adhere the anchor (origin of Y
tape) over the center of the
sacrum
___________________________________
 Activate the adhesive
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Application
 Position: Trunk flexion as

___________________________________
tolerated
 15-50% tension. P to D (O to I)
___________________________________
 Adhere one tail of the Y tape
along the erector spinae muscle
 No tension on ends ___________________________________

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Application
___________________________________
 Adhere the opposite tail along
the other side in the same manner
as the previous one
___________________________________
 No tension on ends

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 101 ___________________________________

KT Sacrospinalis
Application
 KT Sacrospinalis Application
___________________________________
when body is in a neutral
standing position
 Y strip
___________________________________
 P to D (O to I)
 15-50% tension facilitation

___________________________________
 Note Convolutions
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 102 KT Supinator Application ___________________________________
___________________________________
 Divided into a superficial
and a deep layer, the
supinator helps in externally
rotating the forearm together
with the biceps brachii ___________________________________
 When the supinator becomes
weak, the biceps brachii alone
cannot completely rotate the
forearm
___________________________________
© 2006-2009 All Rights Reserved.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 103 KT Supinator Application
___________________________________
Proximal: ___________________________________
 Lateral epicondyle of humerus.
 Radial collateral ligament of elbow
joint
 Annular ligament of radius and
supinator crest of ulna ___________________________________
Distal:
 Lateral surface of proximal 1/3rd of
radius and portions of anterior and
posterior radial surfaces.
Nerve ___________________________________
 C6,
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

___________________________________
___________________________________
 Anchor in neutral with no
tension, proximally
___________________________________
 Pronate forearm and extend
elbow to stretch tissue
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

___________________________________
___________________________________
 Apply 15 to 50% tension
 The tape should end at the

___________________________________
middle of the ulna with no
tension
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Completed taping ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 107 ®
___________________________________
KT Muscle Applications
___________________________________
VIDEO
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 108 ®
___________________________________
KT Mechanical “Recoiling”
Technique Type I
___________________________________
___________________________________
o The purpose of this technique is to reposition or return

structures to their normal position.
o Y Technique, Tension on the Tails
___________________________________
o Utilizes stretching qualities and inward or downward pressure
of the Kinesio Tape
o “I” for severe, base of “Y” moderate, tails of “Y” mild severity.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 109 ®
___________________________________
Technique Type I
___________________________________
___________________________________
o Hold base of Y beginning of tails with no tension

o To increase the mechanical stimulus to the proprioceptors,
___________________________________
apply 50-75% tension (moderate to severe) More tension over
tendon or ligament. Tension applied longitudinally and with
inward pressure
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 110 ®
___________________________________
Technique Type I
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
o When desired tension has been applied, slide the hand
which is holding the base of the Y tails up to the point of end
tension
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 111 ®
___________________________________
Technique Type I
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
o Lay down ends of tails with no tension. Where possible
take joint through full range of motion prior to laying down
the ends
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 112 ®
___________________________________
Technique Type II
___________________________________
___________________________________
Y Strip, type 2
___________________________________
Utilizes stretching qualities and inward or downward
pressure of the Kinesio Tape
o Hold base of Y beginning of tails with no tension
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 113 ®
___________________________________
Technique Type II
o Stabilize at the base, applying downward pressure to ___________________________________
o Apply both tails to skin at the same time
o To increase mechanical stimulus to the proprioceptors,
apply 50-75% tension longitudinally and inward
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 114 ®
___________________________________
Technique Type II
o Slide hand which was holding the base up to the point of

___________________________________
end tension
o Lay down ends of tails with no tension. Tails should be
splayed out to dissipate over as large an area as possible
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 115 ®
___________________________________
Technique I strip
The purpose of this technique is to reposition or return ___________________________________
structures to their normal position.
Utilizes stretching qualities and inward or downward pressure
of the Kinesio Tape
Position KT directly over tissue to be treated
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 116 ®
___________________________________
Technique I strip
o Move the joint to its full range of motion to increase tissue ___________________________________
tension under the tape
o Holding the KT by the tails, pull the central portion of the tape
with moderate to full (severe) tension (50-100%) and apply the
central portion of the tape to the affected area
o Initiate the glue activation prior to moving the joint otherwise
tape will pull away from the treatment area.
___________________________________
o Use Kinesio tape to create “block’ to limit movement of joint or
muscle
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 117 ®
___________________________________
Technique
___________________________________
VIDEO
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 118 ___________________________________
KT Joint Applications
 Improve joint biomechanics

___________________________________
and alignment
 Balance agonist and

antagonist
___________________________________
 Reduce protective muscle
guarding and pain
 Facilitate ligament & tendon

function ___________________________________
 Enhance kinesthetic
awareness
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 119 ®
___________________________________
___________________________________
 Joint function can also be improved by stimulating the proprioceptors
in the joints passive restraint system by application of Kinesio Tape
over the ligaments.
 The proprioceptors in the ligaments and joints capsules provide
information to the nervous system which allows the musculoskeletal
system to provide appropriate movement to the injured joint.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 120 ®
___________________________________
Technique
___________________________________
VIDEO
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Tissue Stretch Concept
___________________________________
 Stretching the skin exposes more
sensors to be stimulated by Kinesio®
Tex Tape
 Stretching the tissue prior to tape
application maintains and promotes
___________________________________
tissue flexibility
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Range of Motion
Concept
___________________________________
Kinesio® Tex Tape is used to provide normal range of motion
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 123 ®
___________________________________
KT Tissue Stretch Concept
Ligament Correction
oStimulates mechanoreceptors to normalize oPlace affected joint
___________________________________
tissue function to be treated in
oImproves proprioception to stabilize neutral position (no
ligaments
tension on the tissue)
oApply base of KT just
inferior to the distal
___________________________________
ligamentous
attachment of the
ligament (lateral
collateral ligament) ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 124 ®
___________________________________
Ligament Correction
oStabilizing the KT, pull

___________________________________
the middle 1/3 of tape
with moderate to full
(50-100%) available
tension and lay the
tape along the course
___________________________________
of the ligament
(lateral collateral
ligament)
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 125 ®
___________________________________
Ligament Correction
oTails with no tension

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 126 ®
___________________________________
Ligament Correction
oCompleted KT
___________________________________
ligament correction
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 127 ®
___________________________________
Tendon Correction
oPlace affected muscle

___________________________________
/ tendon in an
elongated position of
tension
oApply base of KT to
the distal attachment
___________________________________
of the tendon with no
tension
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 128 ®
___________________________________
Tendon Correction
oStabilize the base of

___________________________________
the KT tape
oApply to the
musculotendinous
unit with moderate to
severe (50-75%)
___________________________________
available tension
oNote tension is less
than ligament
correction ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 129 ®
___________________________________
Tendon Correction
oAs the KT reaches the

___________________________________
musculotendinous
junction, decrease
tension to light to very
light (15-25%)
available tension,
___________________________________
applying rest of the KT
to the distal end of the
lower leg
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 130 ®
___________________________________
Tendon Correction
oNo tension applied to

___________________________________
the tails of KT
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 131 ®
___________________________________
Tendon Correction
oCompleted KT tendon
___________________________________
correction
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Overuse Concept
___________________________________
KT Muscle Inhibition applications
can rest overused muscles
KT Muscle Facilitation applications
can improve and correct movement
patterns
Muscle balance can be re-established ___________________________________
KT Corrective techniques can offer
Immediate changes to target tissue
metabolism
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 133 ®
___________________________________
Technique
___________________________________
VIDEO
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Inflammation Concept
___________________________________
When the space between the skin
and other tissues is compromised,
fluid dynamics are altered and may
cause inflammation and pain
___________________________________
Kinesio® Taping Corrective Techniques
can help decompress tissue, redirect
edema and relieve pain
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Channeling Concept
___________________________________
Kinesio® Tex Taping alleviates
pain and facilitates lymphatic
drainage by lifting the skin
This is demonstrated by
convolutions in the tape
If convolutions are not immediately
___________________________________
evident, there are micro
convolutions with movement
Taping patterns can improve the
pressure gradients for fluid
movement ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 136 Circulatory and Lymph
®
___________________________________
The lymphatic drainage system contains both superficial and deep ___________________________________
lymphatic vessels which can become filled in response to localized
inflammation.
Kinesio Taping takes advantage of the mechanical connection of the
anchoring filaments to the endothelial cells.
By way of connection to the dermal layer the lymphatic channels can ___________________________________
be "opened up" by the elastic qualities of the tape, creating the
characteristic convolutions on the tape.
This allows for the lymph obligatory load to fill the lymphatic
capillaries toward areas of decrease pressure under the Kinesio Tape
which allows fluid to move more freely.
___________________________________
The elastic property of Kinesio Tape also creates a gentle massage with
movement.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 137 Circulatory and Lymph

®
___________________________________
Pressure changes and movement of the skin open and close the initial ___________________________________
lymphatic vessels via filament attachments as well.
The effect of taping muscles enhances the deeper lymphatic
mechanisms.
Kinesio Taping on the superficial lymphatics encourages edema
movement.
The edema reduction removes heat and chemical substances in tissue,
improving circulation and reducing trigger points.
___________________________________
Decreasing pressure and chemical receptors reduces pain and improves
the return of normal sensation.
The lymphatic system is generally a low-pressure operating system.
Inappropriate external pressure or partial gradients, scar tissue, or a
range of chronic superficial tissue changes can easily close it down. This
ultimately may result in an inflammatory outcome.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 138 ®
___________________________________
KT Lymphaedema
“Channeling” Technique
KT using fan cut, tape into 4, ___________________________________
5 or 6 strips with a base
The base is applied without
tension slightly above the
cisternae to which the
lymphatic drainage is being ___________________________________
directed
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 139 ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
© Copyright K2 Seminars
139
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 140 ®
___________________________________
KT Lymphaedema
With the patient in a ___________________________________
stretched position the fans
are directed at the
appropriate lymphatic duct,
with minimal stretch (10-
25% tension) ___________________________________
Directional pull of the tape
guides the exudate to less
congested areas through
superficial tissues
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 141 ®
___________________________________
KT Lymphaedema
Can apply a second KT with ___________________________________
the same principles as the
first application
May use Fan, Web or “I”
strips over congested areas
Fan larger diffuse areas vs ___________________________________
web small focused areas
Strips act as conductors
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 142 ®
___________________________________
KT Lymphaedema
Completed KT
Lymphaedema “Channeling”
___________________________________
technique
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 143 ®
___________________________________
KT Lymphaedema
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Other completed KT
Lymphaedema “Channeling”
technique
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 144 ___________________________________

KT Lymphaedema
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 145 ®
___________________________________
KT Lymphaedema
• Use of Kinesio Tape increases ___________________________________
the amount of lymph and the
speed of lymph flow.
• This happens because the
tape strips raise the skin.
• There is a reduction of
pressure below the Kinesio
___________________________________
strips, and interstitial fluid can
better circulate to the
affected area.
• With the latter and the
possibility of movement,
interstitial fluids are increased
___________________________________
by way of the lymphatic
vessels
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 146 ®
___________________________________
KT Lymphedema
___________________________________
VIDEO
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 147 ___________________________________

Nociception
Nociception, which is perceived as pain at the conscious level ___________________________________

of the brain, shares pathways in the nervous system with
movement and proprioception
Most nociception is relayed to the brain via relatively slow
nerves ___________________________________
 When tape stimulates proprioceptors and other sensory
receptors in the skin (most of which travel to the brain on
much faster nerves than pain) it has a pain-gate effect
 In simple terms, nociception will bombard the brain and be
perceived as pain, and the less “interference” there is to the
___________________________________
nociception signals, the more pain is perceived.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 148 ___________________________________
Nociception
According to the pain gate theory, when larger, faster nerve ___________________________________
fibers start to fire more, as in the case of stimulating skin or
moving the body, this “closes the gate” to the nociception
signals and down-regulates the perception of pain
 People innately deal with pain in similar ways ___________________________________
For example, when you hit your body against something
hard and it hurts you tend to rub the area and it feels better
or if you cut yourself in the kitchen chopping vegetables you
run cold water over the cut and the pain decreases
dramatically
___________________________________
“Walking it off” helps reduce the pain of many sports injuries
because the movement decreases the sensation of pain
This is all due to the pain-gate effect
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Pressure Concept
___________________________________
 Pressure on the skin is
transmitted to deeper tissues
 Pain receptors send signals of

discomfort to the brain, which
___________________________________
are interpreted as pain
 The Kinesio® Taping Method

includes applications that
relieve pressure directly
___________________________________
and indirectly
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 150 KT Space Correction

®
___________________________________
“Lifting” Technique
“I” Strip
 Move the joint to full ___________________________________
available range of motion
to increase tissue tension
under the KT
 Tear the paper backing
away from the body, ___________________________________
leaving the backing on the
tails
 Holding the tails, pull the
middle 1/3 of the KT to
light to moderate (25- ___________________________________
50%) available tension,
and apply the middle 1/3
of the tape to the affected
area
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 151 KT Space Correction ___________________________________
“I” Strip
 Apply the tails at both ___________________________________
ends without tension
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

“I” Strip
 Rub the tape vigorously to
___________________________________
activate the adhesive to
complete the application
of an I strip Space
Correction “Lifting”
Technique
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Donut Cut
under the KT
tails
area
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Donut Cut
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Donut Cut
___________________________________
of an Donut Cut Space
Technique
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Web Cut
under the KT
tails
area
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Web Cut
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Web Cut
___________________________________
of an Donut Cut Space
Technique
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 159 KT Scar Tissue ___________________________________

Technique
 Do not apply Kinesio Tape on a scar until

it is well healed. This would be when the
___________________________________
scar is in its middle to later remodeling
stage of healing. (Around 2-4 weeks after
the wound is closed).
Caution!!  Applying tape too early could cause
extensive damage to the tissue, slowing
___________________________________
down wound healing.
 Be extra careful with patients with
diabetes, venous insufficiency, and
peripheral neuropathy. ___________________________________
 Recommended that gentle manual
techniques be provided as soon as the
wound is closed prior to starting KT scar
tissue techniques.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Technique
 Assists in the softening of scar tissue and

reducing adhesions and pitting.
___________________________________
 Makes the scar soft, flat and pliable and
ultimately reduces the risk of
contractures.
 Low load-prolong duration stress on scar
tissue, softens and remodel scar tissue
___________________________________
 Applied stress to the scar helps to lay
down collagen fibers in a more parallel
pattern. Stress can be provided in the
form of pressure or stretch. ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Technique
 Mechanical pressure with a

corresponding stretch applied to a scar
___________________________________
will eventually remodel the hypertrophic
scar.
 Mechanical pressure is applied directly
to the scar as soon as the development of
hypertrophic scar is clinically evident,
whorl like and nodular formations will
___________________________________
change resulting in the reorientation of
collagen fibers to elongated parallel
patterns.
 Future contracture and hypertrophy is
prevented or diminished.
 Can accelerate the natural healing
___________________________________
process.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Technique
 S/P open reduction with external fixation ___________________________________

or surgical scars
KT used to assist in the softening of scar
tissue and reduction of pitting
with directional pull is used to assist in the
softening of scar tissue and to reduce ___________________________________
adhesions
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Technique
 Position patient in ___________________________________

maximal muscular, fascial
/skin elongation of the
area of the scar.
 Lay down an “I” tape with
25-50% stretch. ___________________________________
 Rub the tape after
application to adhere the
tape.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Technique
 Place cross strips with ___________________________________

pulling the base strip in
the desired direction with
25-50% stretch in tape.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Technique
 Place cross strips with ___________________________________

pulling the base strip in
the desired direction with
25-50% stretch in tape
 End on the tape
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Pain Concept
___________________________________
 The 5 physiological effects
of KT Method can address
pain ___________________________________
 Testimonials of pain relief
are by far the most
common report
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 167 KT Functional Correction ___________________________________

Technique
 Spring Assist or Limit a

motion
___________________________________
 Changes the perception of
the joint position through
increased tension of the
skin
 Body will adjust joint
position to normalize the
increased tension on the
___________________________________
skin
 “I” strip length should be 4
inches above and below the
joint
 Place joint or muscle to be
assisting dorsiflexion and
resisting plantarflexion, ___________________________________
place the joint in
dorsiflexion
 Begin with tape at distal end
of joint minimum of 2
inches no tension
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Technique
 Apply light to full tension

and adhere second base
___________________________________
minimum 2 inches no
tension
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Technique
 Place hand on each base,

moving the joint into
___________________________________
plantarflexion (ie assisting
dorsiflexion and inhibiting
plantarflexion)
To finish, move hands
toward middle and
activate adhesive prior to
___________________________________
releasing tension
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Technique
 Completed KT Functional
Correction Technique
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 171 KT Treatment Example: ___________________________________

Cerebral Palsy
___________________________________
 Scapula is elevated
 Asymmetry with head, neck ___________________________________

and trunk
___________________________________
photo courtesy of Audrey Yasukawa, OT, CKTI
Before Taping
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Cerebral Palsy
___________________________________
Look at the changes:
 What was inhibited?

___________________________________
 What was facilitated?
 You cannot tell just from

looking at the tape ___________________________________
After Taping
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Cerebral Palsy
___________________________________
 Lower Trapezius facilitation
 Trunk Extensors to activate

and shift weight
___________________________________
 External Rotation to align
humerus
___________________________________
After Taping
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 174 ___________________________________
___________________________________
Evidence based practice
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 175 Shoulder Pain ___________________________________
Thelan et al
Purpose
___________________________________
 To compare the short-term effect of a therapeutic KT
application on reducing pain and disability in
subjects with RTC tendonitis/impingement versus
sham KT taping
Population
___________________________________
 18-24yo College Students; (n = 27)
 + Hawkins-Kennedy, + Empty Can, + Pain Before
150 elevation in any plane
 - Fracture, - GH Disloction/Subluxation, - Cervical ___________________________________
Involvement, - Shoulder Surgery < 12 months
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 176 Shoulder Pain ___________________________________

Thelan et al
• Intervention ___________________________________
– 15-25% Stretch Y-Strip for Supraspinatus
– 15-25% Stretch Y-Strip for Deltoid
– 50-75% Stretch Y or I-Strip Coracoid Process -> Posterior Deltoid
• Outcome
– Only significant difference between groups found on day 1 with
___________________________________
treatment group achieving greater abduction (19 )
– Both groups over 6 days demonstrated improvements in all
outcome measures
– Attrition was high 7/27, due to scheduling conflicts ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 177 Lower Trunk ROM ___________________________________

Yoshida et al
___________________________________
Purpose
 To determine the effects of KT on lower trunk flexion,
extension and lateral flexion
Population
 30 healthy subjects (15f, 15m)
___________________________________
 Average age (26,20)
 Volunteered
 Were excluded if had LBP within 6 months of trial
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 178 Lower Trunk ROM ___________________________________
Yoshida et al
___________________________________
Intervention
 Cross-over Study
 15-25% stretch with Y-Strip
 Place base above sacrum
 Attach tails on each erector spinae group with light tension ___________________________________
Outcomes
 Taping significantly increased flexion (17cm) over non-
taping
 No control group
 Needs more detailed measurements ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 179 Traumatic Patella ___________________________________

Dislocation
Osterhues
Purpose
___________________________________
 To demonstrate the use of KT for control of pain, restriction
of quadriceps muscle contraction and altered sense of
weight bearing stability in patella dislocation rehabilitation
Population
 49 yo female PT who sustained a traumatic left knee patella
___________________________________
lateral dislocation while cross country skiing
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 180 Traumatic Patella ___________________________________

Dislocation
Osterhues
Intervention
___________________________________
 10% Stretch Y-Strip from the insertion to origin
 Base placed without tension
 Tails across medial retinacular tissue and lateral quadriceps
border with paper off tension
 Treatment also included:
 IFC, ice with compression, static and dynamic balance
___________________________________
training, stationary bike, ROM exercises, massage
Outcome
 Reduced pain with activity 4 weeks after injury with KT use
function comparable to Atkin et al. (2000) study which put
timetable at 6 months
 Tests with NeuroCom Balance Master higher for taped
___________________________________
condition than no taped, however both numbers outside
(below) normal ranges
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 181 KT Effect on Peds ___________________________________
Yasukawa et al
Purpose
___________________________________
 To describe the functional arm and hand skills for children
admitted into a rehab program subsequent use of KT
Population
 15 Children (10f, 5m) Ages 4-16
 4 SCI, 2 TBI, 3 Brain Tumor, 2 CVA, Seizure, CP, 2 Birth
___________________________________
Defects
 + muscle weakness or abnormal muscle tone
 Grades of 3 or more on Mod. Ashworth were excluded
 Trace on MMT or sensory issues were also excluded
 No cognitive or motivation issues ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 182 KT Effect on Peds ___________________________________

Yasukawa et al
___________________________________
Intervention
 Wide variety of KT techniques, Individualized
Outcome
 Melbourne Assessment
 16 pt questionnaire measuring upper limb function ___________________________________
 Designed for CP population
 Scores significantly improve pre-test to post-test as well as 3
days after taping
 Its hard to draw specific treatment from study
 Overall function improved in group average immediately ___________________________________
after taping limiting learning curve
 Increase of 5 on MA immediately after application
 Increase of 10 on MA 3 days after application
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 183 Kinesio Tape ___________________________________

Clinical Implications
Why use it  Pros

___________________________________
 Tool in the toolbox  Some evidence proves theories
 Treats patient for 72 -120  PTs/OTs/STs provide treatment
consecutive hours  Applicable to multiple pt
 Feeling of treatment ->
encourage movement
populations ___________________________________
 Constant treatment
 Placebo or Treatment?  Cons
 Versatile  Some evidence proves theories
 Expensive
 Requires practice
___________________________________
 Skin reaction
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 184 ___________________________________
References
Clinical Theraputic Applications of the Kinesio Taping Method; K. Kaze, J.

Wallis, T. Kase; Tokyo, Japan, 2003
___________________________________
The Clinical Efficacy of Kinesio Tape for Shoulder Pain: A Randomized,
Double-Blinded, Clinical Trial; M. Thelen, J. Dauber, P. Stoneman; Journal
of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 38:7 2008
Pilot Study: Investigating the Effects of Kinesio Taping in an Acute
Pediatic Rehabilitation Setting; A. Yasukawa, P. Patel, C Sisung; American
Journal of Occupational Therapy, 60:1 2006
___________________________________
The Use of Kinesio Taping in the Management of Traumatic Patella
Dislocation. A Case Study; D. Osterhues; Physiotherapy Theory and
Practice; 20:4 2004
The Effect of Kinesio-Taping on Lower Trunk Range of Motions; A.
Yoshida, L Kahanov; Research in Sports Medicine, 15 2007
Characteristics of Patients with Primary Acute Lateral Patellar
___________________________________
Dislocation and Their Recovery Within the First Six Months of Injury;
DM. Atkins, Dc Fithian, KS Marangi; The American Journal of Sports
Medicine; 28:4 2000
Failure and Fatigue Characteristics of Adhesive Athletic Tape; Bragg, R.W,
Macmahon, J.M, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 34:3 2002
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 185 ___________________________________

References
Kinesio Taping for Lymphoedema and Chronic Swelling. Kase, K. &

Stockheimer K. Kinesio USA, LLC (2006)
___________________________________
Facilitory and Inhibitory Effects of Kinesio Tape: Fact or Fad? Cai C., Au
IP, An W., Cheung RT. J Sci Med Sport. 2015
Treatments for Shoulder Impingement and Network Meta-Analysis.
Dong W., Goost H., Lin XB, et al. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94(10):e510
Is it all Central Sensitisation? Role of Peripheral Tissue Nociception in
Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain. Staud R. Curr Rheum Rep. 2010
___________________________________
Dec;12(6):448-454
The Clinical Efficacy of Kinesio tape for Shoulder Pain: a Randomized,
Double Blinded Clinical Trial. Thelan, MD, Dauber, JA, Stoneman, PD. J
Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2008;38(7):389-395.
Kinesio taping Reduced Disability and Pain Slightly in Chronic Non
Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomised Trial. Castro-Sanchez, AM., Lara-
___________________________________
Palomo, IC., Mataran-Penarrocha, GA., Fernandez-Sanchez, M., Sanchez-
Labraca, N., Arroyo-Morales, M.. J Physiother. 2012;58(2); 89-95
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 186 ___________________________________

References
Short-term effects of cervical kinesio taping on pain and cervical range

of motion in patients with acute whiplash injury: a randomized clinical
___________________________________
trial. González-Iglesias J, Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Cleland JA, Huijbregts
P, Del Rosario Gutiérrez-Vega M. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009
Jul;39(7):515-21
Treatment of myofascial pain in the shoulder with Kinesio taping. A case
report. García-Muro F, Rodríguez-Fernández AL, Herrero-de-Lucas A. Man
Ther. 2010 Jun;15(3):292-5
___________________________________
The influence of short-term kinesiology taping on force-velocity
parameters of the rectus abdominis muscle. Ptak A, Konieczny G,
Stefańska M. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2013;26(3):291-7
Kinesio taping compared to physical therapy modalities for the
treatment of shoulder impingement syndrome. Kaya E, Zinnuroglu M,
Tugcu I. Clin Rheumatol. 2011 Feb;30(2):201-7
___________________________________
The effects of additional kinesio taping over exercise in the treatment of
patellofemoral pain syndrome. Akbaş E, Atay AO, Yüksel I. Acta Orthop
Traumatol Turc. 2011;45(5):335-41.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 187 Precautions &
___________________________________
Contraindications
Do not overstretch the tape as this can cause
blistering of the skin.
___________________________________
Do not apply to an area without specific
instructions from your therapist.
Do not apply to fragile skin or early healing tissue.
Do not apply to skin that has been treated with
radiation because these fragile tissues may not be
able to take the stress of tape application and
___________________________________
removal.
Do not apply over, or near, known cancer sites.
Do not apply to an area of cellulitis or infection.
Do not apply over an open wound.
Do not apply to an area where there may be a ___________________________________
blood clot.
Do not apply if there has been an allergic reaction
to the adhesive on this product.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 188 ___________________________________

KT Video
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 189 ___________________________________

KT Illustrated Manual
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 190 ___________________________________
KT Perfect Manual
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 191 ___________________________________

KT Clinical Manual
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 192 KT Lymphoedema ___________________________________

Manual
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 193 ___________________________________
KT Pediatrics Manual
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 194 ___________________________________

KT Scissors
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 195 ___________________________________

Questions ???
___________________________________
khoo57@aol.com ___________________________________
___________________________________
918-633-4732
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

To Kinesio Tape or Not To Kinesio Tape: Objectives

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To Kinesio Tape or Not To Kinesio Tape: Objectives

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Slide 1 ___________________________________

Describe the concepts of Kinesio Taping.

Kinesio®, Kinesio® Tape, KT

Slide 5 Wherever there is skin, ___________________________________

Slide 6 Wherever there is skin, ___________________________________

 Unique modality for any

 Dr. Kase has earned degrees in Business

 Dr Kase teaches the Kinesio Taping Method

 He continues to lecture about Kinesio Taping

Slide 11 Kenzo Kase D.C. ___________________________________

KT History Lesson ___________________________________

 Began experimenting with existing tapes

 Dr Kase invented KinesioTex ___________________________________

 First used in Japan’s clinical

 Introduced to the USA in 1995

Slide 17 Lance Armstrong’s ___________________________________

 "Something better than any laser, ___________________________________

 85% of Kinesio Tex Tape applications are non-athletic ___________________________________

 Professional teams and athletes rely ___________________________________

 In 2008, over 78,000

Slide 21 Unique Qualities of ___________________________________

 Tape applied to paper substrate with 10%

 Stretches along longitudinal axis only

 100% medical grade, acrylic heat activated ___________________________________

Slide 23 Kinesio Taping Method

 McConnell® Taping Technique (very restrictive) ___________________________________

 Acute injuries and injury prevention

 Requires pre-tape or spray adhesive ___________________________________

 Skin irritation due to latex adhesive

 Primary purpose not rehabilitative

 Extremely rigid, cotton mesh tape

 Primarily orthopedic applications ___________________________________

 Limited wear time due to skin irritation

 Poor adhesive quality when wet

Slide 27 Kinesio Tape ___________________________________

Slide 30 Initial Difficulties with ___________________________________

 Unlearn traditional athletic tape ___________________________________

 Not just an orthopedic modality

 Proper patient assessment is ___________________________________

 Not appropriate for all patients

 Practice within your expertise ___________________________________

Slide 32 Basic Concepts of

Slide 33 Kinesio Tape Removal

Slide 35 Feel the Stretch of ___________________________________

Pull the backing Example of

Slide 36 Application of ___________________________________

 Currently, Kinesio Tex Tape comes in Beige,

 There is no difference in tape manufacturing

 Ends or Tails: Last part of tape

 “Paper Off Tension” Tape is applied with the

 Tensions greater than 50% are for Corrective

Slide 41 Limitations of ___________________________________

 Apply tape approx. 30 minutes before activity

 Patient education is important component to success

Slide 42 Removal of ___________________________________

 Remove in direction of hair

“SKIN FROM TAPE” Method: ___________________________________

 Tape may be removed while

 Soap, hand lotion or oil (baby

Slide 44 Kinesio® Taping Method ___________________________________

 A wide variety of tensions are

Slide 45 Kinesio® Taping Method ___________________________________

Paper off 10-15%