Ref.

Ares(2017)4907936 - 08/10/2017

Grant Agreement number: 691232 – Knocky – H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015

DELIVERABLE 7.3

D 7.3. (D26) is a report which presents progress in secondments realisation and

progress in works conducted by researchers in all workpackages.

Here is the content of the report:

1. Progress in secondments by individuals

2. Progress in secondments by entities
3. Progress in organized events
4. Work Packages description
5. Progress in Milestones
Grant Agreement number: 691232 – Knocky – H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015

1. Progress in secondments by individuals

In the Table 1 there is information on all the secondments conducted under the
project from its beginning till 30, September, 2017.

Table 1. Secondments done by 30, Sep, 2017

No Fellow First Name Last name Status Sending Secondment Start End Workin
id Organisation Organisation Date Date g Time
Commi
tment
1 1 Karol Grab- Submitted Politechnika Wartsila 13-02- 30-09- Full
Rogalinski Czestochowska Finland Oy 2016 2016 Time
24-10- 07-12- Full
2016 2016 Time
2 4 Mathias Romanczyk Submitted Politechnika Motortech 01-04- 31-07- Full
Czestochowska Gmbh 2016 2016 Time
3 5 Rafal Pyszczek Submitted Politechnika AVL List Gmbh 01-04- 31-03- Full
Warszawska 2016 2017 Time
4 2 Stanislaw Szwaja Submitted Politechnika Wartsila 29-04- 09-05- Full
Czestochowska Finland Oy 2016 2016 Time
5 6 Lukasz Kapusta Submitted Politechnika Wartsila 05-06- 24-06- Full
Warszawska Finland Oy 2016 2016 Time
Lukasz Kapusta Submitted Politechnika Wartsila 21-08- 07-09- Full
Warszawska Finland Oy 2016 2016 Time
6 7 Urszula Niedzielska Submitted Politechnika Wartsila 10-06- 25-06- Full
Warszawska Finland Oy 2016 2016 Time
7 8 Farzad Shkrollahiha Submitted The Univerity Wartsila 21-06- 21-07- Full
ssanbarough Of Birmingham Finland Oy 2016 2016 Time
Farzad Shkrollahiha Submitted The Univerity Wartsila 01-11- 20-12- Full
ssanbarough Of Birmingham Finland Oy 2016 2016 Time
Farzad Shkrollahiha Submitted The Univerity Wartsila 22-01- 28-10- Full
ssanbarough Of Birmingham Finland Oy 2017 2017 Time
8 2 Stanislaw Szwaja Submitted Politechnika Michigan 21-06- 18-08- Full
Czestochowska Technological 2016 2016 Time
University
9 7 Urszula Niedzielska Submitted Politechnika Wartsila 02-09- 16-09- Full
Warszawska Finland Oy 2016 2016 Time
10 9 Arkadiusz Kepa Submitted Politechnika Wartsila 19-09- 19-12- Full
Czestochowska Finland Oy 2016 2016 Time
11 6 Lukasz Kausta Submitted Politechnika Wartsila 27-11- 02-12- Full
Warszawska Finland Oy 2016 2016 Time
12 4 Mathias Romanczyk Submitted Politechnika Motortech 01-01- 31-08- Full
Czestochowska Gmbh 2017 2017 Time
13 11 Mohammad Hamedi Draft The Univerity AVL List Gmbh 01-05- 31-09- Full
Reza Of Birmingham 2017 2017 Time
14 12 Daniel Edwards Draft The Univerity Wartsila 10-02- 10-03- Full
Of Birmingham Finland Oy 2017 2017 Time
15 10 Agnieszka Jach Submitted Politechnika AVL List Gmbh 01-03- 31-03- Full
Warszawska 2017 2017 Time
16 13 Jakub Bochanek Submitted Politechnika AVL List Gmbh 08-05- 07-05- Full
Warszawska 2017 2018 Time
17 14 Adam Duzynski Submitted Politechnika Motortech 01-07- 30-09- Full
Czestochowska Gmbh 2017 2017 Time
18 16 Piotr Paszta Submitted Politechnika Motortech 14-06- 15-09- Full
Czestochowska Gmbh 2017 2017 Time
19 15 Thomas Osyra Submitted Motortech Politechnika 11-05- 10-06- Full
Gmbh Czestochowska 2017 2017 Time
20 17 Elzbieta Gawronska Submitted Politechnika Wartsila 01-07- 30-09- Full
Grant Agreement number: 691232 – Knocky – H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015

Czestochowska Finland Oy 2017 2017 Time

21 2 Stanislaw Szwaja Submitted Politechnika Michigan 07-06- 04-08- Full
Czestochowska Technological 2017 2017 Time
University
22 3 Michal Pyrc Submitted Politechnika Michigan 07-06- 08-09- Full
Czestochowska Technological 2017 2017 Time
University
23 18 Sylwia Kudlinska Submitted Motortech Politechnika 12-06- 11-07- Full
Gmbh Czestochowska 2017 2017 Time
24 6 Lukasz Kapusta Submitted Politechnika Wartsila 01-07- 31-08- Full
Warszawska Finland Oy 2017 2017 Time
25 10 Agnieszka Jach Draft Politechnika Wartsila 01-10- 28-02- Full
Warszawska Finland Oy 2017 2018 Time
26 1 Karol Grab- Submitted Politechnika Michigan 07-07- 08-09- Full
Rogalinski Czestochowska Technological 2017 2017 Time
University
Grant Agreement number: 691232 – Knocky – H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015

2. Progress in secondments by entities

The table 2 presents secondments distribution by entities involved to the project.

As seen, the total secondments done by end of September 2017 is 100 person-
months. Percentage of realized person-months for the project is 84.6% with respect
to planned secondments in this period.
Percentage of person-months done to entire person-months (208) of the
project is 40.7% in the first period of 22 months from total of 48.
AVL and Wartsila have not realized their secondments yet, but their person-months
(p-m) numbers do not significantly affect overall percentage. They have postponed
their secondments to 2018 year. Motortech company also postponed 1 p-m to 2018.
Less p-m than planned is because some persons who declared their participation in
the project works at the time of project submission, now do not work or resigned from
secondments. There is also another reason for shorter person-months. Some
researchers terminated earlier their secondments due to completing earlier their
workplans.
Summing up, even though the overall person-months number is smaller than
planned, but the research plan is properly conducted.

Table 2. Person-months of secondments by entities.

No. Entity Secondments Secondments Percentage
planned in the done in the of the
period period planned p-m
12.2015- 12.2015- in the period
09.2017 09.2017 12.2015-
(in person- (in person- 09.2017
months) months) (%)
1 AVL GmbH 1 0 0
2 Czestochowa University 43 42.6 99
of Technology
3 Motortech GmbH 3 2 67
4 University of Birmingham 20 16.5 82
5 Warsaw University of 30 23.5 78
Technology
6 Wartsila OY 3 0 0
7 Michigan Technological 0 0.3 (not
University financed by
the EU)
TOTAL in the period 100 84.6 84.6
(person-months)
TOTAL in the project 208 84.6 40.7
(person-months)
Grant Agreement number: 691232 – Knocky – H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015

3. Progress in organized events

Events organisation is inline with project schedule as presented in Table 3. The

largest event is the conference which was preliminary scheduled in the 30th month of
the project but it is rescheduled to 23-26, September, 2018 and will be held in
Czestochowa. This conference will concern gaseous engines. It will be the
international conference with expected number of participants of approximately 100-
150.

Table 3. Events planned and organized under the project.

Month Events Status
1st Kick-off DONE
in Czestochowa/PL
6th Webinar #1 DONE
9th 1st mid-term in Graz/AUT Moved to April 2018.
Combined with conference
organized by AVL.
14th Webinar #2 DONE
17th Workshop #1 in Vaasa/FIN DONE
22th 3rd mid-term in Celle/DE DONE
25th Webinar #3
30th Seminar #1 Panel Session Gaseous Moved to month No. 34
Engines Conference in 23-26, September, 2018. The
Czestochowa/PL works have already started.
34th Webinar #4
40th Seminar #2 – Panel Session SAE
Congress in Detroit/USA
48th Symposium in Warsaw/PL
 Grant Agreement number: 691232 – Knocky – H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015

4. Progress in Work Packages

Progress in workpackages is estimated on the basis of works terminated and works
ongoing in all project participants. Percentage of the works is shown in Table 4.

Table 4. Progress in Workpackages

Percentage in works
No. WP completed
(%)
1 Combustion modelling 75
2 Engine tests 65
3 Combustion pressure signal processing 60
& data analysis
4 Flame visualization 40
5 Conclusions - Knock reduction 30
measures
6 Communication & Dissemination 50
7 IPR Protection & Management 50

Description of Workpackages

Work Package WP1: Combustion modelling

The following objectives were introduced:

O.1.1 To obtain the analytical model for engine combustion of gaseous fuels
O.1.2 To obtain the numerical model for engine combustion of gaseous fuels
O.1.3 To obtain the model of the combustion knock
O.1.4 To obtain the correlations between knock and combustion parameters
O.1.5 To draw conclusions on knock onset

Several analytical models have been built and introduced into numerical simulations.
Based on analytical models, numerical models have been working out. They are focused
on finding correlations between knock intensity and combustion parameters as follows:
rate of heat release, indicated mean effective pressure, combustible mixture composition
and etc.

The work tasks, as presented below, have been systematically conducted.

T.1.1 3D-CFD simulation of flame propagation and end-gas pre-reactions

T.1.2 Knock onset detection from a model
T.1.3 RANS and LES modelling approaches and validation of simulation results based
on comparison with measured data
 Grant Agreement number: 691232 – Knocky – H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015

T.1.4 0D/1D simulation of combustion and knock onset in entire engine speed / load map
for different fuels adopting physically based combustion models
T.1.5 Set up and parameterization (based on measurements) of real time capable
combustion and knock models for future use in SiL and HiL environment
T.1.6 Model verification and validation
T.1.7 Training on software tools AVL FIRE, AVL BOOST and AVL CRUISE
T.1.8 Knowledge sharing among EU and US Experienced Researchers through
networking activities and the web-platforms
T.1.9 Training of the ESRs through joined research work

Work Package WP2: Engine tests

The following objectives were taken into account:

O.2.1 To obtain experimental data from the gas fuelled engine tests
O.2.2 To analyse impact of both combustion and engine parameters on combustion
progress and heat release rate
O.2.3 To analyse impact of both combustion and engine parameters on knock
O.2.4 To recognize most crucial parameters causing the knock phenomenon
O.2.5 To find correlations between the crucial parameters and knock intensity

The objective O.2.1. is done at approximately 80%. The large set of engine data have
been acquisitied. The other objectives are done in between 50 and 65%. Several
parameters influencing knock occurence and its intensity have been identified and
partially their impact on knock have been recognized.
Tests benches available for project demands are as follows:
Wartsila – Combustion Research unit (CRU), Rapid Compression Machine (RCM),
MTU – Hydra engine with variable valves timing,
WUT – single cylinder engine,
CUT – dual fuel engine,
MOT – air-gas preparation (mixing, homogeneouity, distribution).

The tasks associated within this WP are still ongoing in Wartsila and all the academic test
stands.

T.2.1 Engine indicating – in-cylinder pressure data acquisition

T.2.2 Exhaust gases emission measurements
T.2.3 Research of the following:
 EGR
 lambda
 overexpanded cycle
 ignition parameters
on knock intensity.
T.2.4 Investigation on sparking plug parameters on combustion progress and knock onset
T.2.5 Optimization of combustion parameters
 Grant Agreement number: 691232 – Knocky – H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015

T.2.6 Training of the Early Stage Researchers through joined research work
T.2.7 Training of the Experienced Researchers through joined research work

Work Package WP3: Combustion pressure signal processing & data analysis
This WP has the following objectives:

O.3.1 To work out effective techniques for fast data processing of combustion pressure
O.3.2 To obtain wavelet transform from the knock signal
O.3.3 To obtain windowed FFT from the knock signal
O.3.4 To work out knock intensity functions
O.3.5 To find correlations between knock intensity and combustion parameters

The objective O.3.1. is almost completely worked out. The objective O.3.2 concerning
wavelet transform for combustion pressure at knock is worked out and results will be
published at the conference on gaseous engines. The other objectives, as estimated,
have been partially realized at 50%.
The tasks concerning as follows: tests equipment, crank angle encoding, crank angle
interpolation, voltage drift at charge amplifiers, filtration, separation, rectifying of recorded
signals are almost completely done.
Tasks dealing with several phenomena as follows: separation of disturbance, separation
of combined effects by various parameters, data storage and management with big files,
FFT and wavelet transforms for unsteady courses and proceses are still under
investigation.

The tasks under this WP have been conducted without any problems.

T.3.1 Test bench error analysis

T.3.2 Analysis of the in-cylinder pressure data
T.3.3 Determining pressure derivatives
T.3.4 Calculation of combustion parameters
T.3.5 Heat transfer analysis
T.3.6 Applying digital signal processing methods for rectifying, filtering, Fourier
Transform, time-frequency transforms to combustion pressure signals
T.3.7 Applying 2D wavelet transform for knock analysis and its interpretation
T.3.8 Working out correlations between combustion parameters, air-fuel mixture, engine
specification and knock onset and its intensity
T.3.9 Knowledge sharing among EU and US Researchers through networking activities
and the web-platforms
T.3.10 Training of the Early Stage Researchers through joined research work
T.3.11 Training of the Experienced Researchers through joined research work
 Grant Agreement number: 691232 – Knocky – H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015

Work Package WP4: Flame visualization

Here are the objectives for the WP4.

O.4.1 To obtain data from engine tests

O.4.2 To obtain data from constant vessel tests
O.4.3 To conduct image processing of images presenting flame propagation
phenomenon
O.4.4 To analyze flame propagation and examine flame properties
O.4.5 To recognize knock origin with aid of the flame visualization system

The works associated within this WP are mainly conducted at the Michigan Technological
University (MTU). By now, researchers from Czestochowa University of Technology
visited the labs at MTU at amount of 9 person-months. They worked with natural gas
fueled engines on the test beds equipped with the variable valve timing engine and the
combustion vessel with high speed video cameras. They did preliminary works on data
recording, its analysis and flame visualisations.

The tasks have been conducted together with American researchers. No problems were
reported by now.

T.4.1 Combustion tests in a closed vessel at various parameters at the test bed with ultra
high frame rate video recording of flame propagation
T.4.2 Frame processing and image analysis propagation
T.4.3 Analysis of flame kernel development propagation
T.4.4 Training of the EU ESRs through joined research work with US colleagues
T.4.5 Training of the EU ERs through joined research work with US colleagues

Work Package WP5: Conclusions - Knock reduction measures

Objectives to be achieved in this WP are scheduled at the final year of the project,
however, several accomplishments have been obtained in the field of knock reduction
measures.

O.5.1 To work out methodologies for knock detection, reduction and prediction
O.5.2 To work out techniques for knock detection in laboratory scale
O.5.3 To conduct ion current analysis for knock prediction
O.5.4 To analyse knock intensity based on statistical data mining and error analysis
O.5.5 To apply knock implementation to models
The tasks are realized commonly with active participation of researchers from all
participants.

T.5.1 Implementation of knock reduction and prevention measures to the engine

T.5.2 Engine tests equipped with new technology
T.5.2 Training of the Experienced Researchers through joined research work
T.5.3 Training of the Early Stage Researchers through joined research work
 Grant Agreement number: 691232 – Knocky – H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015

Work Package WP6: Communication & Dissemination

There are three crucial objectives in this WP as follows:

O.6.1 to disseminate results on 2 seminars, a workshop and a symposium,

O.6.2 to integrate the project team,
O.6.3 to introduce ER/ESRs to wider scientific society by opening the seminars to
external researchers,
O.6.4 to stimulate ER/ESRs for publishing articles.

Two seminars were already done. Both experienced researchers and early stage
researchers (particularly PhD students) took part in these events. TThey presented and
discussed obtained results and plans for further collaboration. Additionally, the project
was present in two events (Olsztyn and Vienna) organized by the EU NIGHT action in 29
September, 2017.
The tasks are realized as scheduled.

Task 6.1 Organizing webinars

Task 6.2 Organizing seminars 1 and 2, workshop and symposium
Task 6.3 Construction and managing the website
Task 6.4 Publishing articles.

Work Package WP7: IPR Protection & Management

Objectives associated within this WP strictly deal with management and IPR protection.

O.7.1 to manage the project

O.7.2 to perform meetings for project participants
O.7.3 to protect intellectual properties of the project.

Project management works have been conducted together as described in the project
proposal. The IPR action is taken in case some results require protection. Moreover, the
IPR is a matter of NDA’s between all the participants.

The tasks have been conducted without any problems. The tasks dealing with
management of the individual secondments are realized by the sending institution, priorly
negotiating with the host institution. At the specific secondment, management process is
carried out by the person being on this secondment.

Task 7.1 managing the individual activities and the complete project
Task 7.2 organizing kick-off, 6 mid-meetings, final meeting
Task 7.3 study of the project results, patent applications, protection of intellectual
properties worked out in the project.
Grant Agreement number: 691232 – Knocky – H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015

5. Progress in Milestones

Table 5 contains description of milestones. As presented, all the milestones are

systematically achieved. The MS3 was predicted to be done in month 22nd, but
several additional data is required for further processing, hence performance of
this milestone is still under realisation.

Table 5. Milestones of the project.

MS1 Knock model 10 mo. Work out arrangements for combustion knock modelling.
arrangements (DONE)

MS2 In-cylinder 10 mo. This is first collection of the real data taken from
engine the engines invloved in the project. This data is
data set No.1 necessary for progress in further works in WP 1, 3 and 5.
(DONE)

MS3 In-cylinder 22 mo. This is second collection of the real data taken from the engines
engine invloved in the project. The data should fulfill demands for WP
data set No. 1, 3 and 5. (DONE in 70%)
2
MS4 Knock 30 mo. The milestone presents several knock metrics worked out
metrics during project works. The most appriopriate metrics will be used
for knock intensity measurements.

MS5 Flame 41 mo. Flame visualisation of combustion process with gaseous fuels
visualisation by fast speed video cameras in a constant vessel will be
obtained.

MS6 Knock 42 mo. On the basis of gathered data from engines the knock analysis
intensity will be conducted. it will be focused on knock reduction
analysis techniques, that can be applied to high power stationary spark
ignited gaseous engines.

MS7 Knock 47 mo. Methods for knock prediction will be worked out on the basis of
prediction results from combustion modelling, engine tests and flame
methods visualisation.

MS8 Symposium 48 mo. Organisation of open symposium for researchers involed in the
engine engineering and combustion related issues.

MS9 Project 48 mo. This milestone is associated with deliverables D6.10 and D7.8.
termination the milestone will be achieved under successful submission of
the above mentioned deliverables.