Nancy Bhatt(62)

Inshiya Khatri(55)
Seema Bhudiya(40)
Bhavin Thacker(61)
Hardeep Jadeja(58)
BENDING STRESSES IN BEAMS
When a beam length is subjected to a constant amount of
bending moment & a zero shear force , the stresses set up
across the cross-section of the beam , due to bending is
known as “PURE BENDING STRESS”.
 Due to bending of beam , layer which is neither
compressed nor stretched , is known as “NEUTRAL
LAYER”.
The line of intersection of neutral layer , with any
normal cross-section of a beam is known as
“NEUTRAL AXIS” of that section.
When a beam length is subjected to a constant amount of
bending moment, on one side of neutral axis there are
compressive stresses and on the other there are tensile stresses .
These stresses form a couple, whose moment must be equal to
external moment M.
The moment of this couple, which resists the external bending
moment , is known as ” MOMENT OF RESISTANCE”.
Assumptions in the theory of PURE
BENDING:-
i. The material of the beam is perfectly homogeneous
and isotropic.
ii. The beam is stressed within its elastic limit and
Hook’s law (stress is preposanal to stress) is valid.
iii. The transverse sections, which were plane before
bending remain plane after bending.
iv. Each layer of beam is free to expand or contract,
independently.
v. The value of young’s modulus (E) is the same in
tension & compression.
Flexure equation :-
Where , M=Moment of resistance
I=Moment of Inertia of the section about x-x axis
f=Bending stress(maximum)
y=Distance of extreme fiber from neutral axis
E=Modulus of elasticity
R=Radius of curvature of the beam
Moment of resistance(M) for some
simple beams
Cantilever beam with U.D.L:
M=wl²/2
Cantilever beam with point load:
M=w.l
Simply supported beam with U.D.L:
M=wl²/8
Simply supported beam with
eccentric point load:
M=Wab/l
Simply supported beam with
central point load:
M=Wl/4
•When a section of beam is made up of two or more different
materials, joined together ,in such a manner that they behave
like a single piece and each material bends to the same radius of
curvature. Such a beam is called “FITCHED BEAM”.
THANK YOU