Annotated Bibliography

“Betty Jean Jennings Bartik,” Jean Bartik (1924-2011), Jul-2012. [Online]. Available:

https://www.-history.mca.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Bartik.html. [Accessed: 15-Sep-2019].

In this biography of Betty Jean Jennings Bartik, the author provides information on Bartik’s

early life, upbringing, and education. The article then goes onto describe Bartik’s path of study in

college as she was the only math major at her university. The author then recaps Bartik’s

application of her studies when she went to work as a computer at the Moore School at the

University of Philadelphia. After spending a few months there, she went to work on the ENIAC

project as one of 5 female programmers. This resource is vital for the research as it is the most

complete recap of Bartik’s life before, during, and after the ENIAC project. This supplies

information on not only Bartik herself, but also peeks into what working on the ENIAC project

was actually like. This evidence will be used on the opening page to the website, aided by an

image of Jean Bartik herself.

“Milestones:Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, 1946,” Milestones:Electronic

Numerical Integrator and Computer, 1946 – Engineering and Technology History Wiki, 29-

May-2018. [Online]. Available:

https://ethw.org/Milestones:Electronic_Numerical_Integrator_and_Computer,_1946. [Accessed:

15-Sep-2019].

This page provides an admittedly brief description of the physical size of the ENIAC

computer. But the article focuses mostly on the ENIAC’s computing power, citing evidence of

how the ENIAC was thousands of times faster than the closest competitor. It also hints at how
the ENIAC paved the way for modern computing, as it was the first machine that was built to

perform multiple operations simultaneously. This resource is very useful it allows for a brief

lead-in to the topics that will later be explored in-depth. The article briefly mentions both the

computational power as well as the physical dimensions of the ENIAC machine, then finally

goes onto the potential future that the ENIAC created. As previously mentioned, this information

will be used to give the readers an idea of what information the website will cover.

C.H.A. Project, “1946 ENIAC Computer History Remastered FULL VERSION First Large
Digital Elec.Computer Educational,” YouTube, 14-May-2015. [Online]. Available:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bGk9W65vXNA. [Accessed: 15-Sep-2019].

This video not only goes over some basic yet vital information of the ENIAC machine, but

also gives anyone viewing the video an idea of the scale of the machine. Though other sources

give numerical data as to the size of the ENIAC, this video shows the workers interacting with

ENIAC, so viewers get to see the sheer size of this behemoth of a computer. This video also

shows the ENIAC in action and how it produced the answers to the questions that it was given.

This video is a useful resource as it allows people to actually see the process of programming

and working the ENIAC as well as placing faces to names of the pioneers in the field of

computing. This video will be linked onto the webpage so that not only is the information

present on the webpage, but also the video itself. This also expands the kinds of resources that

evidence is drawn from.

“ENIAC at Penn Engineering,” Penn Engineering, 2017. [Online]. Available:

https://www.seas.upenn.edu/about/history-heritage/eniac/. [Accessed: 15-Sep-2019].

This multi-tabbed webpage provides most of the information presented on the website we are

creating, everything from the inspiration of the ENIAC, a more in-depth analysis of the physical

dimensions, and the team that helped make the ENIAC a reality. Also included on this webpage
are the technologies that came before the ENIAC as well as backgrounds of the two men who led

the project. The webpage also talks about how the ENIAC opened the door for future

technologies to build upon the foundation laid out by the work done by the ENIAC team. This is

an integral part of the research for the webpage as it does more than carry small details or

anecdotal information on the topics discussed on the website we are constructing. This

information will be utilized by utilizing this as one of the main sources that data was pulled from.

The facts provided don’t necessarily provide anything that wasn’t previously discussed, but it

goes into much greater detail.

“The Brief History of the ENIAC Computer,” Smithsonian.com, 01-Nov-2013. [Online].

Available: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-brief-history-of-the-eniac-computer-
3889120/. [Accessed: 15-Sep-2019].

This article focuses heavily on the history and the military use of the ENIAC as opposed to the

detail in the construction or team behind it. Things like the budget, purpose of the machine, and

the global climate and how that affected the overall work on the project. It discusses the speed at

which the ENIAC could perform ballistics calculations and how that would aid in the war effort.

Unfortunately, the war ended before ENIAC could play a role in the war so the webpage then

talks about how the ENIAC team had to pivot and redirect the purpose of the computer so that it

would still have some sort of relevance in the modern day. This document will aid in the research

of the ENIAC as it broadens the scope of how the ENIAC would affect not just the US but all of

computing history. This will be its own category on the webpage and likely be isolated from the

rest of the research.