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2. Crystals of sodium carbonate decahydrate are dropped into a saturated solution of sodium
carbonate in water at 100 0C. What percent of sodium carbonate in the sodium carbonate
decahydrate is recovered in the precipitated solid? The precipitated solid is sodium carbonate
monohydrate. Data at 100 0C: The saturated solution is 31.2% sodium carbonate; the
molecular weight of sodium carbonate is 106.
(A) 20 (C) 30
(B) 25 (D) 35
3. A water solution contains 60% Na2S2O2 together with 1% soluble impurity. Upon cooling to
10 0C, Na2S2O25H2O crystallizes out. The solubility of this hydrate is 1.4 lb Na 2S2O25H2O/lb
free water. The crystals removed carry as adhering solution 0.06 lb solution/lb crystals. These
are dried to remove the remaining water (but not the water of hydration). The final dry
Na2S2O25H2O crystals must not contain more than 0.1% impurity. To meet this specification,
the original solution, before cooling, is further diluted with water. On the basis of 100 lb of
the original solution, how much water must be added before cooling and what is the percent
recovery of Na2S2O2 in the dried crystals?
4. In purifying sodium sulfate, 700 lb of crude salt cake are dissolved in water to form a
saturated solution at 30 0C. Iron removal treatment removes 0.40% of the original charge
chemically and adds 150 lb of water to the process. What is the quantity of sodium sulfate
pentahydrate crystals formed when the solution is cooled to 10 0C? [Solubility (Parts of
anhydrous sodium sulfate per 100 parts of water): at 10 0C, 8.92; at 30 0C; 40.90]
6. A solution of MgSO4 at 160 0F containing 50g of MgSO4 per 100g of water is fed to a cooling
crystallizer operating at 60 0F. If the solution leaving the crystallizer is saturated, the rate at
which solution must be fed to the crystallizer to produce 500 kg of MgSO47H20 per hour is
1
of sodium bicarbonate in water is 9.6g and 16.4g per 100g of water at 20 0C and 60 0C,
respectively.