1.

References
Johnson, K. & Johnson, H. (Eds.) (1999). Encyclopedic dictionary of applied
linguistics. London: Blackwell Publishers.

Ummhy. (2012, Jun 1). “The Application of Contrastive Analysis in the

Classroom”. Retrieved from
https://www.google.com/amp/s/ummisangpemimpi.wordpress.com/2012/06/01/the-
application-of-contrastive-analysis-in-the-classroom/amp/

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/255e/bdf90f8353aac8347ec8fcbe7e0f66fa92f
2.pdf

2. Definition of Contrastive Analysis:

Contrastive Analysis is a technique to identify whether two languages have something

in common which assess both similarities and differences in languages, conforming to
the belief in language universals. (Johnson, 1999).

Contrastive analysis (CA) is an analysis propose to ivestigate the similarities and

differnces between two languages (source language and target language) in case of the
structural elements. The similarities between those languages facilitate the learning
process (positive transfer). The differences between those languages might cause
problems (negative transfer/interference).

According to Lado (1957), the language elements which are similar to the learners’
mother tongue will be easy for them. While wthose language elements which are
different will be difficult.

3. The importance of CA in ELT:

Contrastive analysis can help teachers to :

1) Design teaching and learning materials (methodology).

2) Engage learner in activities to be a good user of target language (classroom
activities).
3) Evaluate text books.
4) Pay attention to the structure of the texts beyond sentence level.
5) Pay attention to conversation in its regular pattern in different situations.
6) Pay attention to complex areas like intonation.
7) Pay attention to different underlying rules which differ from culture to culture.
8) Guide the students finding the learning difficulties.
9) Correct the students’ errors due to the negative transfer in learning process.
10) Give feedback both spoken and written for the students.
11) Guide, inform, and explain the errors to the students.