Text 31-34.

(C) predominating

Indigenous plant and animals are few in (D) predominance

Easter Island. At the time of European
(E) predominantly
arrival, the toromiro tree was the only
wild tree and the Carolina wolfberry the 32. ….
only wild shrub, the vegetation being
..(31).. herbaceous. The toromiro tree (A) However
was overexploited by the island wood
(B) Moreover
carvers, and the last local specimen died
in the 1950s. ..(32).. , the species was (C) In contrast
saved from extinction. The Norwegian
Archaeological Expedition collected (D) For example
seeds and planted them in the (E) Consequently
Gothenburg Botanical Garden, and
saplings from the garden were 33. ….
reintroduced to Easter Island in 1988.
(A) so
Today only 31 wild flowering plants, 14
ferns, and 14 mosses are reported. Grass (B) yet
and small ferns dominate the barren
landscape, ..(33).. the boggy crater lakes (C) while
are thickly covered by two imported
(D) hence
American species, the totora reed and
Polygonum acumination. A number of (E) unlike
cultivated species of plant were also
introduced partly from America and 34. ….
partly from Polynesia before the arrival (A) principal
of Europeans; of these the ..(34)..
species was the sweet potato, which was (B) principle
the cultivated in extensive plantations
(C) secondary
and formed the staple diet. Bottle
gourds, sugarcane, bananas, taro, yams, (D) mandatory
and two trees. (i.e., the Asiatic paper
mulberryand the American Triumfetta (E) inconspicuous
semitriloba) were of aboriginal Text 35-39
importation, as also probably were the
husk-tomato, small variety of pineapple, A prolific painter, draftsman, and etcher,
and the coconut. Rembrandt is usually regarded as the
greatest artist of Holland's "Golden Age”.
31. …. He worked first in his native Leiden and,
(A) predominant from 1632 onward, in Amsterdam,
where he had studied briefly with the
(B) predominated influential history painter Pieter
Lastman. Rembrandt never went
abroad, but he carefully examined the
work of Northern artists who had lived
in Italy. In the Leiden period, Rembrandt
also responded strongly to earlier
Netherlandish artists, such as Lucas van
Leyden. However, a crucial aspect of
Rembrandt’s development was his
intense study of people, objects, and
their surroundings, “from life” as it is
obvious in paintings like his early
selfportraits and the Saint Paul in Prison
(1627). Even by Dutch standards,
Rembrandt’s preoccupation with direct
observation was exceptional and
continued throughout his career. Despite
the constant evolution of his style,
Rembrandt’s compelling descriptions of
light, space, atmosphere, modeling,
texture, and human situations may be
traced back even from his late works,
such as The Jewish Bride, Amsterdam,
Rijksmuseum, to the foundations of his
Leiden years. It was also this program,
in good part that made Rembrandt a
great teacher. In Amsterdam,
Rembrandt became a prominent
portraitist, attracting attention with
dramatic compositions like The
Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp. In securing
commissions, the artist was assisted by
the Mennonite art dealer Hendrick
Uylenburgh. The Mennonites advocated
personal interpretation of scripture,
which probably influenced Rembrandt’s
subjective and often moving treatment
of biblical subjects. The artist became
highly successful in the 1630s, when he
had several pupils and assistants,
started his own art collection, and lived
the life of a cultivated gentleman,
especially in the impressive residence he
purchased in 1639. Now it is known as
the “Rembrandt House” museum.
Rembrandt exudes confidence and
urbanity in his Self-portrait (1640). It
was modeled upon courtly portraits by
Raphael and Titian. These artists
probably also inspired his Amsterdam
signature, “Rembrandt”.
35. According to the text. Which of the
following statements is false?
(A) he got incredible success in the
1630s
(B) his style kept on evolving
throughout his career
(C) Rembrandt was very productive
throughout his career
(D) Rembrandt did not have any
experience visiting other countries
(E) The Jewish Bride was made in the
same period of time as the Saint Paul in
Prison
36. What is the author’s purpose in
writing this text?
(A) to present the life of Rembrandt
(B) to argue that Rembrandt was a great
teacher for other painters
(C) to argue that Rembrandt is one of
the best painters in the world
(D) to present the achievement of
Rembrandt in obtaining commissions
(E) to present Rembrandt’s
development as a painter throughout his
career
37. This passage would probably be
assigned reading in which of the
following art course?
(A) Urban Art
(B) Biblical Art
(C) Artists and Their Art
(D) Philosophy of Art
(E) Drawing and Composition
38. The tone of the author is best
described as ….
(A) smooth
(B) amused
(C) pleasant
(D) admiring
(E) objective
39. What can be inferred about
Rembrandt?
(A) figures from the Bible were
Rembrandt’s main interest
(B) Italian painters had a little influence
on Rembrandt’s paintings
(C) the time Rembrandt spent in
Amsterdam was more essential in his
early career
(D) unlike prominent Dutch painters,
Rembrandt was preoccupied with Dutch
standards
(E) although Rembrandt’s style changed
over his career, certain elements can be
found in all his work
Text 40-45.
An echo of outrage was heard following
the recent tragedy in Bangladesh,
where a structurally unsound
building collapsed, killing thousands of
workers who were making
products for U.S. consumers. The echo is
a familiar one, as various high-
profile labor abuses involving major
international brands such as Nike. Apple
and the Gap. have occurred over the past
decades ..(40).. to bring concrete
actions, the echo of outrage fades, and
the media cycle move on. While
economists and activists disagree about
the costs and benefits of such practices.
research organizations consistently have
found that consumer prefer ..(42)..
products made without sweatshop
labor. Consumers may not really
disapprove of sweatshop labor and
instead turn to economic justifications.
Like many economists, these consumers
may feel their participation in this
system is a better option for the workers
than toiling in fields.
In addition, as humans, we tend
to be less sensitive to harms that
occur away from us than those
occurring in our backyard. When
tragedies such as Bangladesh happen,
our emotions are intense.
We cannot believe such atrocities
are able to happen, but over time
emotions wear out. The heat of the
moment has faded and our motivation
to change the situation fades. In an
effort to alleviateconflict surrounding
sweatshop labor, ..(44).. Even if
consumers demand something, If
companies do not supply it. ..(45).. .
Taking this acceptance as a signal for (B) worsen
endorsement, companies may fail to see
(C) vitalize
the opportunity in offering products
that are sourced without sweatshop (D) occur
labor. This initiative, to ethical business
and consumption, would make the echo (E) disappear
of Bangladesh tragedy a distant memory.
44. ….
40. ….
(A) the market should offer free
(A) fail accessible sweatshop products

(B) failed (B) the accessible sweatshop-free

(C) failing
(D) having failed
(E) have been failing
41. The sentence “The use of
questionable labor practices, popularly
know as „sweatshop labor,‟ is
widespread in the production of
consumer goods,” should be put in ….
(A) the first sentence of paragraph 1
(B) the first sentence of paragraph 2
(C) the third sentence of paragraph 3
(D) the second sentence of paragraph 2
(E) the second sentence of paragraph 3
42. ….
(A) purchase
(B) purchasing
market should offer products
(C) the sweatshop-free products should
offer accessible market
(D) accessible products should offer the
sweatshop-free market
(E) the market should offer accessible
sweatshop-tree products
45. ….
(A) consumers will provide the supply
(B) consumers may buy it from factories
(C) consumers have to accept the
existing options
(D) companies will keep using
sweatshop labor
(E) companies will reduce conflict with
workers

(C) to purchases

(D) to it purchases

(E) being purchased

43. The italic phrase “wear out” in the

third paragraph means ….

(A) endure