35, In line 15 the word "Ir" refers ro

Quesllo"s 31-39 31 . What did the group of

Impressionist artists do in (A) container
The artistic movement known as Impressionism was first identified 1874 (B) condition
• 1874'
when a group of artists, dissatisÍíed with the reception of their works by the (A) They radica lly changed (C) oil paint
academic art establishment of their period, chose to hold a separate exhibition (D) color
their style 01 painting.
Une their paintings.
(B) They held their own 36. Which of the following words
5 Despite obvious differences in style, all of these painters were connected
exhibition. does NOT refer to something
by an ability to catch a moment and preserve it on canvas, and in their belief
(C) They adopted new that holds paint?
in the importance of that moment. They readily accepted and made use of the
techniques and
technological advances available to them, and in the end beca me recognized (A) Bladder
technologies.
as proponents of one of the most significant movements in the history of art, a (B) Tube
(D) They refused to paint (e) Condition
movement that produced an aesthetic revolution in art.
/0
sq
Several technological breakthroughs were responsible, to some degree, for
anything that year.
(D) Container
the creation and execution of the new Impressionist style. One of these was the 32, The word "it" in line 6 refers to 37, What contribution did chemists
invention of a new brush that gave artists greater control. Another useful i (A) style make to the Impressionist
was the collapsible tin tube. This easily reclosed container preserved the oil (B) moment movement?
/5 in a stable condition without altering the color.lt was a great improvement (C) ability (A) New textiles
animal bladders, which had been used for centuries to hold oil painl. The new (D) canvas Fetus (B) Berrer canvases
tube was portable and made it possible for artists ro work outside. This freedom
33, The word "readily"in line 7 is (C) Additional colors
made it possible for Impressionist'paintings to "capture the moment;'giving
closest in meaning to (D) Tin tu bes

20
36 a feeling of immediacy.
Another innovarion was color. Nineteenth-century chemisrs had created a (A) purposely intentionally 38_ It can be inferred that
(B) cautiously

f
palette of colors, derived from cola tar and other substances. These were first carefully Impressionist paintings differed
by textile manufacturers and then adopted by artists. They included some (C) cleverly from other nineteenth-century
7 brighter colors - new shades of blue, green, and yellow, whose tones gave the (D) eagerly
Is my paintings in terms 01 which 01

g
Impressionist paintings their characteristic shimmering quality. the following'
34_ According to the passage,
(A) The size of the canvas
Impressionism is regarded
(B) The brightness of the colors
38 historicallyas
(e) The value of the painting
(A) a significant, revolutionary
grp movement
(B) an innovative yet minor
(D) The talent of the artists

ThIIntions style
(C) an unenlightened, radical
phase
(D) a traditional form of
nineteenth-century
painting

48 49
39. Where in the passage does
the author mention two
new technologies avaHable
10 arti sts in the nineteenth
century7
(A) First paragraph
(8) Second paragraph
(e) Third paragraph
(O) Fourth paragraph

Section 3 continues. Tum the page and read the next passage.

so 51
 Botany 45. The word "They" in line , S
Queslions 40-50 40 40. What does the passage mainly
refers to
diseuss?
(A) large eells
Radiocarbon dating and tree-ring dating, in combination, have provicl:d • (A) The effect of drought on
(B) growth rings
a very powerful tool to establish a time spectrum for more recent dates in the tree-ring growth
(e) several reasons
pasUhe initial idea for dating by tree rings can be traced back to , 811. Modern (B) The history of dating trees
(O) environmental factors
Line scientific tree-ring dating, dendroehronology, stems from pioneering work in (e) lhe problems of tree-ring
5 early , 900's.
42
Usually, but not always, trees produce one ring each year. This ring is formed
dating 46. According to the passage, the
(O) The formation of growth production of rings from year
by the eambium, whieh lies between the old wood and the bark.ln spring, . rings in ¡rees to year in any given tree is
wood eells with large lumens are manufaetured, but in summer and autumn,
(A) random
40
/0
the cells become smaller and more thick-walled until with the onset of winter
the production of a new eell stops. The same proeess is repeated the following O
41. The word "stems" in line 4 is
closest in meaning to
(B) predetermined conditions
(e) variable variations
year.ln this way a year's growth (annual ring) is imprinted as new wood. The (A) distinguishes dipper (O) aceelerated
demareation line between summer and autumn wood of the previous year, i (B) recovers
(e) derives
fix 47. The word "reReet" in line 19 is
its charaeteris tie small eells, and the spring wood of the year following, with ilS on.meaiter
large ce lis, enables annual rings to be eounted relatively easily.
as (O) returns comeback closest in meaning to
/5 Growth rings, however, are nO! always the same thiekness. They vary for (A) indieate
42. The approximate age of a tree
several reasons. Environmental faetors rigidly control the degree of growth of an (B) affect confirm
can be determined by
annua l ring or determine whether, in faet, an annual ring appears at all in any (C) confuse
particular year. Thus in a speeifie locale or, more aecurately, a specific clima tic
(A) eounting the ringsyiumian (O) limit
sffffest
(B) analyzing the strueture of indicate
province, tree-ring eounts will climatic conditions and variations due to
20 inequalities of climate from year to year. In years with abnormal drought, for
the eells 48. A narrow growth ring between
(C) examining the eambium two wide growth rings would
example, narrow rings are produeed and sometimes no ring at all. In this way a
(O) measuring the width of probably Indicate
fossil record is Irnprinted for as long as the wood remains intael. From this
Tobar
46
the rings (A) an lInusually warm winter
a historieal template can be eonstrllcted to eorrelate one set of growth rings in
one tree with a set of growlh rings in another tree or pieee of timber.
48 43. The word "onse!"in line 9 is jar (B) the death of an old tree
25 Another important factor is that tree-ring growth varies with age of the tree. (C) unfavorable climatie
closest in meaning to
eonditions during a single
As the tree marures, the rings become narrower, and this results in the central (A) beginning abnormal
rings being wider than those on the outer pan of the tree. (B) eoldness initial drought year
40 (e) diffieulty i
irstq.am
(O) wood cells that had grown

(O) darkness tostart

with to be very large
early 49, Which of the followlng terms is
44. The word "enables" in line 14 IS
defined in the passage?
closest in meaning to
(A) dendroehwnology (line 4)
(A) combines
(B) lumens (Iine 8)
(B) forees Permit (e) drought (line 20)
(e) encourages
makesomething (O) template (line 23) Appo
(O) allows available
53 wood example
52 cells
 er

50. The phrase "this pattern" in

line 22 refers ro
(A) the change of seasons "
(B) different clirnates in
different places
(e) the destruction of trees and
forests
(D) variation in the thickness of
tree rings

This is the end of Section 3.

If you finish in less than 55 minutes, check your work on Section 3 only.
Do NOT read or work on any other section of the test.
When you are ready to check your answers, use the answer key on page 94 of this
booklet to deterrnine which questions you answered correctly and incorrectly.

54