Electronic Toll Collection System Project Report

ELECTRONIC TOLL COLLECTION
SYSTEM
A Project Report
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the
Requirements for the award of the Degree of
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

By
Name : Ranjit Gurmel Singh

Seat No. : 3039318
Under the esteemed guidance of
Mrs. Swapna Gawade
Asst. Professor
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SHAILENDRA EDUCATION SOCIETY’S
ARTS, SCIENCE AND COMMERCE COLLEGE
(Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
DAHISAR (E), MUMBAI - 400068
MAHARASHTRA 2018-19
PROFORMA FOR THE APPROVAL PROJECT PROPOSAL
PNR No.: …………………… Seat no:
1. Name of the Student
2. Title of the Project
3. Name of the Guide
4. Teaching experience of the Guide
5. Is this your first submission?

Yes No
Signature of the Student Signature of the Guide
Date: ………………… Date: …………………….
Signature of the Coordinator
Date: …………………
SHAILENDRA EDUCATION SOCIETY’S
ARTS, COMMERCE AND SCIENCE COLLEGE

(Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
MUMBAI-MAHARASHTRA- 400 068
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled, "Toll Management System ", is bonafied work of
Ranjit Singh Gurmel Singh bearing Seat.No: 45 submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE in INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY from University of Mumbai.
Internal Guide Coordinator
External Examiner
Date: 25 April, 2019 College Seal

ABSTRACT
Automation being the need of today has made tremendous advancement in all most all
areas. One of which is Automatic toll collection which is rapidly becoming a globally accepted
toll collection system. Initial toll collection being manual in nature and time consuming, thereby
leads to traffic congestion, pollution and a lot of frustration. Quite obviously, this process makes
it necessary for the manual services to be rendered continuously through the day and night. Ever
increasing need for efficient, reliable, safe, and cheap toll taxation along with image processing
resulted in the development of different kinds of solutions.
Automatic Toll Collection System using Optical Code Recognition and Encryption aims
at successfully removing unnecessary traffic delays, faster and reliable processing, keeping an
eye on unauthorized vehicles, etc.
This report highlights the project development methodology adopted for the project such
as Defining the Problem which gives the purpose for the project. Requirement analysis fulfills
the hardware requirements necessary for the model. Designing the model, Graphical User
Interface, Database. Developing block diagram, data flow diagram and flowchart for the entire
process emphasize on the development. Implementation is done using C# and SQL and DES
algorithm provides security. Testing the working and the results concludes the report
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The success and final outcome of this project required a lot of guidance and assistance
from many people and I am extremely privileged to have got this all along the completion of my
project. All that I have done is only due to such supervision and assistance and I would not forget
to thank them.
I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those who provided me the
possibility to complete project topic on “Toll Management System”. I am extremely thankful
to our principal Dr. Swati Pitale. I heartily thank our Coordinator Prof. Hemchandra Kumbhar
and internal project guide Prof.Swapna Gawade whose valuable guidance and suggestions helped
us in accomplishing my project. I also express gratitude towards our Computer Lab Assistant Mr.
Swapnil Jadhav and Mr. Jay Galchar who provided us with all the lab facilities. Further, I would
like to extend my sincere esteems to all Library staff for providing reference project reports
books.
Finally I would like to thank my friends for their cooperation to finalizing this
project within the limited time frame.
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project entitled, “Toll Management System” done at BSCIT
SEM 6, has not been in any case duplicated to submit to any other university for the award of
any degree. To the best of my knowledge other than me, no one has submitted to any
other university.
The project is done in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) to be
submitted as final semester project as part of our curriculum.
Name and Signature of the Student

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 1
BACKGROUND ................................................................................................. 5
OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................ 6
PURPOSE, SCOPE, AND APPLICABILITY
Purpose 7
Scope 8
Applicability 9
ACHIEVEMENTS ....................................................................................... 10
ORGANIZATION OF REPORT ................................................................. 11
CHAPTER 2: SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGIES ........................................................................................ 12
CHAPTER 3: REQUIREMENTS AND ANALYSIS
PROBLEM DEFINITION ............................................................................ 13
REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION ......................................................... 15
PLANNING AND SCHEDULING .............................................................. 17
SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS .................................................................... 22
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ............................................ 24
CONCEPTUAL MODELS .......................................................................... 25
CHAPTER 4: SYSTEM DESIGN .............................................................................................................. 30
BASIC MODULES
DATA DESIGN .................................................................................................. 32
Schema Design 34
Data Integrity and Constraints ...................................................................................................... 35
PROCEDURAL DESIGN
Logic Diagrams 42
Data Structures 43
Algorithms Design 44
USER INTERFACE DESIGN ............................................................................ 45
SECURITY ISSUES ......................................................................................................................... 47
TEST CASES DESIGN .................................................................................................................... 48
CHAPTER 5: IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING
ImplementationApproaches… .............................................................................................................50
Coding Details and CodeEfficiency 52
Code Efficiency .... 66
Testing Approach 67
Unit Testing .... 69
Integrated Testing .... 70
Beta Testing.... 71
Modifications and Improvements… . 73
Test Cases… ............................................................................................................................... 76
CHAPTER 6: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
TestReports… ................................................................................................................................... 78
User Documentation 79
CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSIONS
Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 80
Significance of the System ... 81
Limitations of the System. 83
Future Scope of the Project .84
8.REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................ 86
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr Content Pg no.
no
1 Grant chart 11
2 Pert chart 14
3 Data flow diagram 18
4 E R diagram 20
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Management Level is the group of sub-systems that concentrates information from the
different Toll Plazas that make up the Toll System. This level allows generating information for
its correct administration. This information is acquired through different software systems. The
sub-systems that are part of the Management Level work automatically in a server. it means that
they keep communicated with the Toll Plazas, without any operator’s intervention.
Out of the various means of local transportation options which are in existence, road
transportation is one of the highlighted areas of modern development plans in the country. Road
transportation counts for more than 90% of the land transport in the island and covers more than
12,000 km of A and B class roads within the country. As for all the countries, road transport
sector in Sri Lanka plays a major role as it is an essential service which directly affects the
productivity of the country.
A high quality road network provides lot of value additions to the country‟s economy by
attracting foreign direct investments, improves the country‟s competitiveness as an efficient
transport system minimize travel times and lower the domestic unit cost of production, improves
the mobility of labour, enables just in time production requirements by reducing the
replenishment lead times and many more opportunities.
Time is the more precious in today's world, everything has been automated. But still in
India we wait in long queue in toll plazas to pay the toll fee. This is because of the complex toll
system architecture. And still in india manual toll collection system is used. Manual toll
collection is most widely used collection method in India. It requires a toll collector or attendant.
Based on the classification of vehicle, cash toll is collected by the collector. The collector, who
also dispenses change, may accept and sell scrip, tickets, coupons, making an entry of the vehicle
in the system and issuing receipt to the patron. Due to manual intervention, the processing time is
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highest. The main idea behind implementing this paper is to automate the toll fee collection in
toll plazas of Indian roads. System used here is QR (quick response) code tag system. As we
know day by day peoples economic power is increased and also living standard is changed
because of that they own many automobiles like bikes, cars, and many others which leads to
traffic.
In early history, human compassion has exposed an urge for mobility leading to a
measure of society's progress. For any country to develop with right momentum modern and
proficient transport is a must. It is an essential convenience with which people not just connect
but progress. Throughout history, people's progress has been persistent on the convenience,
speed and safety of the modes of transport.
The aim of this paper is to describe functional architecture of Toll Management and
Supervision System (TMSS) implemented at highway segment “Jošanica – Kakanj” on corridor
A-1 in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Toll system consists of several hierarchical layers: lane, plaza
and central levels. Central level, implemented by TMSS, is responsible for overall parameters
and data management and processing of real-time tolling and technical data collected from
hierarchically underlying layers of the system (plaza/lane levels). Wide spectrum of operational
and business reports and analysis are obtained by such centralized data collection, archiving and
processing.
The TMSS is also responsible for coordination and management of communication and
integration with both internal subsystems (lane/plaza levels) as well as with external partner
systems (ERP/Back office, Banks, POSs, etc.). All information is stored and archived in Oracle
database, while end-user applications and business services (integration) are implemented as
web-based modules on Oracle Fusion Middleware 11g platform, including specifically Oracle
Business Intelligence and Data warehousing. In this paper main functionalities and architecture
of TMSS will be presented, along with logical and business rules of data processing, hierarchical
communication with underlying layers, security model and overview of most important report
and data analytics capabilities
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Toll Management and Supervision System (TMSS) is the central part of the toll system,
which enables the collection and processing of data from the lower hierarchical levels and
external systems, the distribution of system parameters and generation of a set of reports on the
work of the entire toll system. The TMSS is responsible for communication and integration with
internal subsystems (lower hierarchical levels, plaza/lane), and external users and partner
systems.
The aim of this paper is to describe the functional architecture of the TMSS, which is
designed and applied to the section of the highway ″Jošanica – Kakanj″ at corridor A-1 in Bosnia
and Herzegovina. The TMSS is designed on the modern Oracle Fusion Middleware technology
platform, which enables a high level of system scalability, reliability and data quality,
compatibility with other systems and the evolutionary development of component functionalities.
The paper consists of five sections. Section 2 contains a brief description of the toll collection
system. Section 3 describes the technical architecture of the TMSS. Section 4 describes the
functional architecture of the TMSS with a description of all the major modules of the system.
Section 5 contains the experience in the application of TMSS. Section 6 is the conclusion of the
paper.
The system of toll collection is a complex information system that includes hardware and
software components. In organizational terms, the toll system includes three levels: the toll lanes,
toll stations and the central level. The three levels of the system are in the on-line or off-line
communication. Schematic organization of the system for toll collection
The toll lane provides: the physical flow of vehicles (entry and exit of vehicles on the
highway), the process of toll collection, recording all data on the vehicles and operations, control
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of peripheral equipment and communication with toll stations. Toll plaza is connected with all
the toll lanes and it: provides communication with lanes, collects data from the lanes and
generates a set of daily reports on the work. On the other hand, the toll plaza is in communication
with the Central level where it sends information on the operation of all toll lanes. The system on
the Central level is the Toll Management and Supervision System (TMSS). The TMSS takes
responsibility for entry and updating of all system configuration parameters of toll system, as
well as all data on Toll Charging process collected from lower layers (plaza/lane). Different
business and operational reports are generated by collecting, archiving and processing of all
these data. These reports are used for support of decision making on both tactical and strategic
levels of the Toll system (Dunkel et al, 2011). The TMSS is also responsible for communication
and integration with both internal
subsystems (lower layers, plaza/lane) as well as with external users and partner systems
(via Internet portal and number of external integration interfaces to third-party systems). We will
explain some basic terms used in describing the TMSS: - User is a person who is a user or the
owner of the vehicle using the highway. - Medium is a magnetic card, OBU (On-Board Unit) or
CC (Company cards) used as a means of passage and toll payment on the highway. - Client is a
legal or natural person holding an account for the OBU and CC whose vehicle is using the
highway.
Toll Gate Payment systems have been of great assistance in lessening the over congestion
that has become a part of the metropolitan cities these days. It is one of the uncomplicated ways
to manage the great run of traffic The travelers passing through this mode of transport, carried by
their transport that allows them to be aware of the account of money that has been paid and the
money left in the tag. It relieves the traveler of the burden of waiting in the queue to make the
toll payment, which decreases the fuel-consumption and also taking cash with them can be
avoided. Our system avoid this type of problems. user get gate pass from online so user don’t
need to wait in tollgate.
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BACKGROUND
Transportation is the backbone of any country’s economy. In fact, the economic wealth of
a nation has been closely tied to efficient methods of transportation. Toll roads in some form
have existed since antiquity, but their prominence increased with the rise of the automobile, and
many modern toll ways charge fees for motor vehicles exclusively. Some to collection points are
unmanned and the user deposits money in a machine which opens the gate once the correct toll
has been paid. Many tolls today are collected by some form of automatic or electronic toll
collection equipment which communicates electronically with a toll payer's transponder.
However, the evolution in technology made it possible to implement road tolling policies based
on different concepts.
All the data generated in the toll operation is unified at this level. Its integrity is verified,
the provisional information is consolidated and the information security mechanisms are
managed. Besides, all this information is stored in a data base that allows a historic log request.
Lastly, an interface with the administrative system of the toll concessionaire is done so as to
generate all the administrative and accounting information required by this system.
Toll gates and the passenger checks in either online or on a mobile phone and pays the
amount, then he/she will be provided with a receipt. With this receipt, he/she can leave the toll
booth without waiting for any verification call
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OBJECTIVES
Internal control, consolidation and audit of data originated in the Toll Plazas.
• Centralization of this data in a general data base for the different users’s consultation.
• Administration of users’ access to the different system’s levels.
• Files generation to be transmitted to the administrative / accountancy system.
• Centralization and distribution of the external information to be introduced in the system
(fares, issuer banks, commercial lists, etc)
• Interfaces Management with different external institutions (Banks, credit cards, etc)
The intended benefits of the Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) system are to reduce
overall toll-collection costs, provide an acceptable level of service for toll patrons, increase data
quality, and reduce traffic congestion, air pollution, and fuel consumption on toll bridges
Changes in the tolling system on the Carquinez bridge immediately affect motorists using
the bridge. The communities around the bridge are also affected by changes in congestion and
the accompanying changes in air and noise pollution. Because the bridge is state owned, the state
budget is affected by any changes in toll revenue and bridge operating costs.
The transport system in India comprises a number of distinct modes and services, notably
railways, roads, ports, inland water transport, coastal shipping, airports, and airlines. Railways
and roads are the dominant means of transport carrying more than 95% of total traffic generated
in the country. Although other modes such as coastal shipping and inland water transport would
play a greater role, the railways and roads would continue to dominate the transport landscape in
the predictable future.
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PURPOSE, SCOPE, AND APPLICABILITY
Purpose
The plaza level has all the equipment and software to control the usage of toll
lanes and to obtain all the relevant information. It also includes the necessary elements
for the collecting task an the maintenance and diagnostic of the lanes’ equipment and
software.
.
Cashless transactions offered by electronic toll collection systems do not only save travel
time, but also minimizes traffic congestion near toll collection booths across roads and highways.
Electronic toll collection systems offer cost-efficient solutions that are faster too
Models were used to estimate costs, travel time, and environmental impacts. The average
annual traffic growth rate of 3 percent was derived from traffic data for the bridge over the last
20 years
Road transport has steadily expanded its scope of operation and is now not merely a
mode for the last haul but is also handling freight over long distances. In ancient times, people
often covered long distances on foot. Even, Adi Sankaracharya travelled all over India only by
feet. Walking still constitutes an important mode of transport in urban [Saijie Lu et al. 2009].
The arrival of the British saw drastic improvements in the horse carriages which were used for
transport since early days. In recent years some cities have banned the movement of bullock carts
and other slow moving vehicles on the main roads. [Crispin Emmanuel et al. 2005].
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Scope
The scope is to manage the whole project or toll company in a secure and reliable way so
the work can be done and data can be saved on a organized way. Thus system can used in all
system as management is a big process and should be handled carefully and neatly thanonly a
project can work
An Intelligent Transportation Systems based on toll system is one of the important study
aspects of vehicle controlling. Electronic Toll Collection System (ETC) is one of the most
successful implementation in the whole range of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)
applications. Earlier days a manual toll system produced lots of demerits and also was difficult to
solve traffic congestion, waste of time and jamming on the underpasses [Essam Radwan et.al
2009]. The benefits of ETC implementation is to eliminate congestions on existing and new toll
highway and to minimize fraud, providing user convenience and at the same time enhancing
operational efficiency for toll operators..
The history of Road Transport started from ancient civilizations. Gradually it becomes
more and more popular means of transport. A good road network is a critical infrastructure
requirement for rapid growth. It provides connectivity to remote areas accessibility to markets,
schools, and hospitals; 5 and opens up backward regions to trade and investment. Roads also
play an important role in inter-modal transport development, establishing links with airports,
railway stations, and ports. The transport demand for freight and passenger movement within the
country is met mainly through road transport and railways.
The Indian road sector continues to face multiple challenges this financial year with high
interest rates, sluggishness in awarding road contracts, reduced availability of funds, slowdown
in execution, and increased competitive intensity for transport in urban areas. It has resulted in
chronic congestion, with many adverse consequences such as delays and pollution.
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Applicability
Typical methods for collecting tolls are manually collected, automatic toll collection via
coin machines, and electronic toll collection (TMS).
Manual toll collection is the simplest form of toll collection, in which collector operating from a
booth collects the toll. Automatic coin machines allow collection of several methods of payments
such as coins, tokens, smart cards, and credit cards without the need for a collector. ETC is the
most complex and latest method for collecting tolls. Although it has been in use for more than 20
years, TMS continues to evolve.
An TMS system is capable of managing charging a toll to an established customer account. The
system can determine whether a passing car is registered, automatically charging those vehicles,
and alert the local highway patrol about users that are not registered. The TMS method allows
vehicles to pass through a toll
In ecoMove the emphasis is on three major inefficiencies: inefficient route choice,

inefficient driving performance and inefficient traffic management and control. The first strategy
is to save unnecessary kilometers driven by optimizing routes. Despite in-vehicle navigation
systems and roadside route information panels, many aspects like destination search,
unavailability of parking areas, road works and incidents lead to unnecessary kilometers driven
and thus emissions. The second strategy is to help drivers by optimizing their driving behavior to
save fuel. Many driving behavior factors are of importance such as excessive speed and
acceleration, poor anticipation, wrong gear and engine speed, and simply the lack of know-how.
The third strategy is to manage traffic more efficiently.
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ACHIEVEMENTS
Toll Managemenrt system is a management of toll collection. The achievements we had

achieved during making of this project is knowledge of hardware, software and Indian tolls and
their system of collecting tolls .basically we gain the knowledge VB and sql and database and
few hardware knowledge regarding to the project
This project can solve the problems of data storing of tolls in India or in the world. As it
collects tolls by manually storing information of the coming vehicle .The vehicle operator
should be a register user for this service. As this helps to keep track of everything such as
employee data as well as vehicle data and the booth data
As we also gain the experience of working in pairs and how to divide work and team up
The choice of toll collection method should be based on the operational requirements of
the individual toll project, recognizing the need for interoperability with other systems around
the State. The following types of systems are currently available
Manual toll collection is most widely used collection method in India. It requires a toll
collector or attendant. Based on the vehicle classification, cash toll is received by the collector.
The collector, who also dispenses change, may accept and sell scrip, tickets, coupons, making an
entry of the vehicle in the system and issuing receipt to the patron [Gabriel, 2008]. Due to
manual intervention, the processing time is highest
A manual lane can process approximately 400 vehicles per hour in comparison to a free
flow freeway lane, with capacity approaching 2,000 vehicles per hour. Meeting peak period
demand required the construction of large toll plazas. Traffic demand, coupled with the need for
each vehicle to stop, still resulted in significant congestion at many of these toll plazas
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ORGANIZATION OF REPORT
In the next phases we will learn about the whole project by one by one. The design and structure
of the project . The technologies used in project requirements and analysis. The problem why we
are developing this project with specifications of the project. Planning and scheduling when and
which is done and completed . software and hardware description along with system design and
few diagrams regarding project.
Road transport has steadily expanded its scope of operation and is now not merely a
mode for the last haul but is also handling freight over long distances. In ancient times, people
often covered long distances on foot. Even, Adi Sankaracharya travelled all over India only by
feet. Walking still constitutes an important mode of transport in urban [Saijie Lu et al. 2009].
The arrival of the British saw drastic improvements in the horse carriages which were used for
transport since early days. In recent years some cities have banned the movement of bullock carts
and other slow moving vehicles on the main roads. [Crispin Emmanuel et al. 2005]. Along with
walking, cycling accounts for 50 to 75% of the commuter trips for those in the informal sector in
urban areas.
Thus the transport in the Republic of India is an important part of the nation's economy.
Since the economic liberalisation of the 1990s, development of infrastructure within the country
has progressed at a rapid pace, and today there is a wide variety of modes of transport by land,
water and air
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CHAPTER 2: SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGIES
It is very challenging to handle a vehicular flow by a manual system of revenue

collection as Its own without managing the whole system. An Toll management application
which makes easy for user by the help of database and a software as media access automatically
store and retrieve . User register to get own login id and password and using the login id and
password the user can enter in to the application. The current location i.e. the source address will
be automatically generated by map using GPS locator and the destination address will be
selected by the user.
Then the vehicle registration can also be done in the add vehicle page .the user can add as
many number of vehicles desires. In details page the vehicle detail, duration for the travel,
number of tollgates present in that route, amount to be paid will be displayed. The payment can
be done in the payment session by the use through online. The QR code will be generated after
the user pays so that it is used as gate pass for user to cross the tollgates. QR code is designed to
speed up services for users in toll plaza. Administrator will scan the users QR code and it will
generate information of payment details.
The most crucial stage in achieving a new successful system is that it will work
efficiently and effectively. There are several activities involved while implementing a new
project.
• End user Training
• End user Education
• Training on the App
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CHAPTER 3: REQUIREMENTS AND ANALYSIS
PROBLEM DEFINITION
According to most recent statistics, ratio of vehicles against the population is 1:4, with
staggering 4.4 million vehicles which in operation. Due to that, commuters spend more time on
roads, burning extra money for fuel , opportunity cost is very high. At the same time, the number
of vehicles plying in expressways has increased a massive number just within 03 years from
inception of its operation. From day of opening up to date there millions of vehicles traveled in
E01 and E03 respectively. And also as per Road Development Authority, average more than
15,000 Vehicles travel in E03 generating ,daily income of nearly 5 million rupees while
according to Annual Report of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka the Southern Expressway earns a
daily income Rs. 3.4 million in 2013 from around 8,700 vehicles per day.
This number was even bigger during seasonal periods where a record 24,000 vehicles
have traveled on E01 within 24 hours on 12th April, 2014 generating income of Rs 5.8 million.
Therefore without, any doubt the trend would continue to future, leading the fact that the
expressways would also get congested like other urban roads.
with more number of vehicles using expressways. Hence in future, current conventional cash
based tolling mechanism would not sustain , more efficient traffic management systems would
required at the interchanges to handle increased vehicle traffic flow.
Apart from above said problem, there few more drawbacks of current expressway
tolling system. In Sri Lanka at moment, user fee of expressway can only paid using
conventional cash. Expressway users are issued a ticket at the entry counter which should be
retained with the user until the exit and the ticket should be presented to the toll operator along
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with cash at the exit interchange. Once the toll is paid, another receipt , issued to user
acknowledging the payment. Since ,cash is t only option to pay the toll at exit interchange, users
suffer the poor service quality particularly at exit interchanges. Drivers need cash with them
and sometimes drivers have to face bad experience of the toll superintendents asking for cash
change is negatively affects the convenience. The circumstance of experience is two folded. One
major drawback is that the driver of the particular vehicle would get delayed until the operator
changes the money and handover the balance. Second drawback being the users who have the
exact toll amount in cash would also have to stay in the long queues due to the fact that there is
only one payment option available which is cash.
.
This traditional approach has been around for centuries. A driver stops at a tollbooth and
pays the required toll directly to a toll collector. Cash and agency issued payment cards are
generally accepted modes of payment, and some systems now accept third-party credit or debit
cards, though this i
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REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS (a) The ETCS must comply with the Australian DSRC-
EFC Specification for Interoperability AS 496, and the tollway operators’ Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU). (b) The ETCS infrastructure must include: (i) electronic toll readers at
each toll charging point to interrogate the tags and read tag data the vehicles pass through the
Detection Zones;
(ii) vehicle detection system, detect and classify vehicles , where multi-lane free flow
tolling provided,spatially locate vehicles; (iii) an ETCS video enforcement system, comprising
electronic video devices to record registration data of vehicles which do not have valid tag in
image format, and central processing facility; (iv) facilities for transmission of tag and video data
to an ETCS toll processing system which: (A) debits the toll to the vehicle owner's account; and
(B) identifies vehicles passing through Detection Zones without valid tolling arrangement and
transmits data to Roads and Maritime Services (RMS) in a form acceptable to RMS to enable
RMS to initiate enforcement action. (v) facilities enable users not in possession of tag the
opportunity to use Motorway.
Ed 1 / Rev 0 5 ( D&C TS916 OMCS Requirements – Electronic Toll Collection System

(c) There must no impediment to flow of traffic at any speed up to posted speed limit arising
from the ETCS operation. 2.2 ETCS PERFORMANCE (a) The ETCS must have high level of
accuracy and reliability, with vehicles travelling at any speed up to 160 km/h. The accuracy and
reliability of ETCS must be better or equal to the performance measures specified in this
document. (b) Infringement data must not be generated on non-violating vehicles.
(c) Casual user processes must be customer focussed and user efficient. (d) The
Contractor must provide protective measures for the ETCS against: (i) lightning strikes; (ii)
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floods; (iii) loss of power; (iv) vehicle accidents; (v) vandalism; and (vi) any other event that
would disrupt tolling operations. 2.3 EXEMPT VEHICLES The ETCS must accommodate
exempt vehicles by: (a) Identifying the passage of all exempt vehicles, by Electronic Toll
Collection (ETC) tag, video or another means; (b) Logging the passage as an exempt vehicle
category; (c) Charging tolls in accordance with the requirements of the Deed. 2.4 TOLL
CHARGING POINT LOCATIONS Toll Charging Points (Toll Points) must provide full
coverage of the Motorway traffic as well as vehicles entering and exiting. Toll Points must allow
for operation of the Motorway’s
The Toll Management System (TMS) began initially with SemiAutomatic Tolling and
progressed to fully Automatic Tolling system along with Electronic Tolling. It didn’t stop there
because soon it progressed to Multi Lane Free Flow System. The next challenge in this area will
be the government initiative of reformed strategies towards the National Highway Corridor and
collaboration through interoperability of toll. The Idea of Green Toll as an important step
towards Carbon Credit is already in place. An early attempt to improve productivity and reduce
labor costs involved installing Automatic Coin Machines (ACM) for accepting coin payments in
an unattended lane.
These lanes can process 600 vehicles per hour for lower value tolls (under $1.00). Again,
gates were used as the primary method of ensuring payment. As toll rates increased, the ACM
offered less benefit. Newer deployments at lower-volume locations have incorporated automatic
card payment machines for payment by credit/debit cards and smart
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PLANNING AND SCHEDULING
MONTH GRANTT CHART ESTIMATED ACTUAL SCHEDULE

SCHEDULE
SEPTEMBER 18 OCTOMBER 18 NOVEMBER DECEMBER
TESTING W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3
TEST NAME
PLANNING
ANALYSIS
DESIGN
CODING
TESTING
IMPLEMENTATI
ON
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DOCUMENTATI
ON
Gantt chart plays very important role in any software. A Gantt chart is a type of bar chart
that illustrates a project schedule. Gantt charts illustrate the start and finish dates of the terminal
elements and summary elements of a project.
Terminal elements and summary elements comprise the work breakdown structure of the
project. Some Gantt charts also show the dependency (i .e , precedence network ) relationships
between activities. Gantt charts can be used to show current schedule status using percent
complete shadings and a vertical TODAY line as shown here. Although now regarded as a
common charting technique, Gantt charts were considered revolutionary when they were
introduced. This chart is used also in Information Technology to be represent data that have been
collected
.
Development process: It represents a various activities and their starting date, and also
accomplishment date planned as well as actual date. It provides closer look at each and every
steps of development. It tells about current status of system development cycle. It is helpful tool
to analyze the development process at stage of development and find out problem in delays and
mistakes.
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PERT CHART
The Program (or Project) Evaluation and Review Technique, commonly abbreviated
PERT, is a model for project management designed to analyze and represent the tasks involved
in completing a given project. PERT is a method to analyze the involved tasks in completing a
given project especially the time needed to complete each task, and identifying the mimmum
time needed to complete the total project.
A PERT chart is a project management tool used to schedule organize and coordinate
tasks within a project PERT stands for Program Evaluation Review Technique a methodology
developed by the U S Navy in the 19505 to manage the Polaris submarine missile program. A
similar methodology the Critical Path Method (CPM) was developed for project management in
the private sector at about the same time.
A PERT chart presents a graphic illustration of a project as a network diagram consisting

of numbered nodes (either circles or rectangles) representing events or marks in the project. The
direction of the arrows on the lines indicates the sequence of tasks. The PERT chart is sometimes
preferred over the Gantt chatt another popular Project management charting method because it
clearly illustrates task dependencies. On the other hand the PERT chart can be much more
difficult to interpret especially on complex projects. Frequently project managers use both
techniques.
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ADVANTAGES
 PERT chart explicitly defmes and makes visible dependencies (precedence

relationships) between the WBS elements.
 PERT facilitates identification of the critical path and makes this visible.
 PERT facilitates identitication of wly start, late start, and slack for each activity.
 PERT provides for potentially reduced project duration due to better understanding
dependencies leading to improved overlapping of acttvma and tasks where feasible.
 The large amount of project data can be organized & presented In diagram for use
making.
The basic toll management system uses software to provide realtime control,
monitoring, and management of the toll revenues. System devices such as toll gates, and
traffic lights, if any, are still operated manually. Standard components have minimum
requirements for support and maintenance, thus making the system cost effective for
small toll operators and annual collection contract operators
At present there are some problems in collecting tolls. These are by way of not
having a uniform rate throughout various sections of National Highways in India. There are
many complaints of overcharging and undercharging. There are many complaints on non-
reporting of the toll fee collected by the agents who are entrusted for the collection. There is
congestion and crowding of vehicles at toll booths leading to wastage of time and fuel etc
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DESIGN CODE DATABASE INTEGRATION DATABASE
DATABASE
SPECIFICATION FINISH
DESIGN GUI PART CODE GUI PART WRITE USER MANNUAL
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SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
Hardware Requirements
 SYSTEM : INTEL I3 2.4GHz
 HARD DISK : 40GB
 FLOPPY DISK : 1.44 MB
 MONITOR : 15 VGA COLOUR
 MOUSE : LOGITECH
 RAM : 256 MB
 KEYBOARD : 110 KEYS ENHANCED
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Software Requirements
 OPERATING SYSTEM : WINDOWS 10 PROFESSIONAL
 FRONT END : ANDROID STUDIO
 CODING LANGUAGE : VB.NET
 DATABASE : SQL SERVER 2018
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PRELIMINARY PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
 In this system toll management can be done electronically.

 The management is done with a software were data is stored of users ,employee and
booth
 And thus their respective information is store and retrieve by the time
 The vehicle will given a id in form which could store the information/data
be affixed on car just like in the existing road tax system.
 Each time vehicle passes the toll booth, information will be transmitted to main
computer with their preferred
method they deduct payment straight
 Then, end of the entrance point, the system will calculate
kilometers driven and then extra charge will charged (for
prepaid users)
 If the owner fails to pay excessive amount, the data will
 If the users fail to pay the amount, their tags will also be barred.
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CONCEPTUAL MODELS
DATA FLOW DIAGRAM(DFD)

Data flow diagram(DFD) is graphical system model that show all of main requirements for an
information system in one diagram: inputs & Outputs, processes & data storage.
Symbols used in data flow diagram are as follows:
Process: step by step instructions are followed that transformed inputs into outputs.
Data Flow: Data flowing from place to place such as an input or output to a process.
Entity: Any object or person that is engage in transaction.
Data Store: Data at rest, being stored for later use.
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DFD (LEVEL 0) DIAGRAM – CONTEXT DIAGRAM
0.0 Management
Employee system
Toll Management
System
DFD (LEVEL 1) DIAGRAM

Check
1.0
employee
Toll Management System
Add/View
Transaction
DFD (LEVEL 02)diagram

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Info Client Details
2.0
Admin panel
Register
Response
Username/password
Client Details
2.1
Login
Main form
Select Request
2.2 View Details
Admin
View Info
Show Response
Response
Transaction Success
2.3
Transactions
View charges
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Select
3.3 E R Diagram
Entity Relationship Diagram(ERD) can express overall logical structure of a database
graphically.
The components of E-R diagram are:
Entity: Entity is a thing or a object in a real world that is distinguishable from all other
objects.
Attribute: Descriptive property of an entity.
Relationship: It is an association among several entities.
Link: It links attribute to entity sets and Entity sets to relationship sets.
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E-R DIAGRAM
emp_id Name Client id
boothid
Email_id
Employee details Has booth
Does Delete Has
Delete Client Change Password

DD Vehicle charge
Client Id
Email Id
Client_id
Name
Date New Password
Amount
Old Password
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CHAPTER 4: SYSTEM DESIGN
BASIC MODULES
 Central Administration Module Facilitate ,whole operation of collection across toll plazas
as one centralized unit, generate consolidated reports and control configurations such
rates, operators, journey types etc.
 Plaza Module To configure, manage all plazas based toll collection operations, report toll
collection in audited manner.
 Lanes Module Running under plaza module, lanes module facilitates accurate toll
collection for vehicle passing from toll plaza.
Modules This project is entitled “Toll Plaza Payment Using QR Code” using Java as
Front end and SQL Server as back end.
 Application creation
 Payment Session
 QR code generation
 Toll Plaza Verification
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Module Description
MANAGEMENT LEVEL CLIENTS
The interaction between the different toll system users and the toll plaza and operative
management is performed through a series of programs called “Clients” which include different
functionalities. At the same time, it will be possible to enter the functionality of each “Client
Program” according to the access of the user when logging into the system.
The Administration Client and the Validation Client are the only ones allowed to interact with
the system.
TOLL ADMINISTRATION CLIENT
Functions:
 Administration of Toll System Tables 

 Reports’ issuance
 Maintenance
Administration of Toll System Tables
It administers all the Toll System’s adjustable tables. When one of them is selected it is possible
to add, delete or modify a register. Therefore it is possible to administer:
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– Toll Plazas
– Titular members
– Types of documents
– Payment modes
– Users (operators)
– Issuers
– Fares
– Lane messages
– Correction codes
– Anomalies’ justifications
It delivers the different reporting options planned for the system.
The system will produce detailed and reduced information about traffic, income and
transactions. All cash transactions, bank credit cards, etc will be supported by receipts
and original documents. A daily state of income conciliation related to collecting
activities will be prepared.
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– Diagram of total traffic per toll plaza
– Time frame transit report
– Network summary
– Satistical collecting report
– Traffic by category
– Time frame traffic report
– Traffic and collection
– Collection bags
– Collection by dates
Maintenance
It allows the administration of the Management module general parameters, as well as the users’
password management.
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DATA DESIGN
PHP is the most popular scripting language for web development. It is free, open source
and server-side (the code is executed on the server). MySQL is a Relational Database
Management System (RDBMS) that uses Structured Query Language (SQL). It is also free and
open source. The combination of PHP and MySQL gives unmet options to create just about any
kind of website - from small contact form to large corporate portal
Here the data is designed and created in php with php database. So the data that’s is used
in two ways for admin and user the get entered and stored in the database data like string,
varchar etc. The user data like name , account detail, bank details, vehicles details etc get stored.
So the data which is stored in a way which accessible to them only and the authority there is a
encryption is used for storing sensitivity data so the data is safe and reliable.
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Schema Design
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Data Integrity and Constraints
Data integrity refers to the accuracy, consistency, and reliability of data that is stored in
the database. Both database designers and database developers are responsible for implementing
data integrity within one or a set of related databases.
A simple example is that in Northwind categories table, CategoryName must be unique

no matter how many records the table holds. If this rule is not enforced, Seafood category could
be accidentally stored twice in the table which clearly violates our business rules.
Types of Data Integrity
There are four types of data integrity:
1. Row integrity
2. Column integrity
3. Referential integrity
4. User-defined integrity
Row integrity
Row integrity refers to the requirement that all rows in a table must have a unique identifier that
can be used to tell apart each record. This unique identifier is normally known as Primary Key of
the table. A Primary Key can be formed by a single column or a combination of multiple
columns.
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Column integrity
Column integrity refers to the requirement that data stored in a column must adhere to the same
format and definition. This includes data type, data length, default value of data, range of
possible values, whether duplicate values are allowed, or whether null values are allowed.
For example, LastName in employees table must be varchar, max 20 characters long, default to
empty string, and can't be null.
Referential integrity
How do you tell who supplied product Longlife Tofu in products table? Referential integrity
guarantees that a supplier exists.
 You locate the data row Longlife Tofu in products table and find the value in SupplierID
column is 4.
products table:
 You then check suppliers table for the record SupplierID 4 and find out its
CompanyName is Tokyo Traders.
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User-defined integrity
Some applications have complex business logic that can't be enforced by defining criteria in the
three data integrity types we have discussed so far (row integrity, column integrity, and
referential integrity). In this circumstance, we need to implement our own code logic to make
sure data is saved accurately and consistently across all business domains. The code logic can be
implemented by using database triggers, stored procedures or functions, or by using tools
external to the database engine such as embedding non SQL languages (like VBScript or C# in
SQL Server) in the database, or by using scripting or programming languages in the middle-tier
or front-tier of the application.
Constraints
Constraints are the entities which are used n the project or database for the functioning
each constraint have his work and definition and function defines some are key or vital entities
like client Id etc other also entities like vehicle number and other entities which are used in
project
Key constraints
 Client id
 Vehicle no
 User id
Other constraints
 Vehicle type
 Account no
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PROCEDURAL DESIGN
Procedural design is a systematic way for developing algorithms or procedurals.
Logic Diagrams
40 | P a g e
Data Structures
In computer science, a data structure is a data organization, management and storage

format that enables efficient access and modification. More precisely, a data structure is a
collection of data values, the relationships among them, and the functions or operations that can
be applied to the data. Data structures serve as the basis for abstract data types (ADT). "The
ADT defines the logical form of the data type. The data structure implements the physical form
of the data type."
An Intelligent Transportation Systems based on toll system is one of the important study
aspects of vehicle controlling. Electronic Toll Collection System (ETC) is one of the most
successful implementation in the whole range of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)
applications. Earlier days a manual toll system produced lots of demerits and also was difficult to
solve traffic congestion, waste of time and jamming on the underpasses [Essam Radwan et.al
2009]. The benefits of ETC implementation is to eliminate congestions on existing and new toll
highway and to minimize fraud, providing user convenience and at the same time enhancing
operational efficiency for toll operators.
a tollbooth and pays the required toll directly to a toll collector. Cash and agency issued
payment cards are generally accepted modes of payment, and some systems now accept third-
party credit or debit cards, though this is
41 | P a g e
Algorithms Design
Step1: login into TMS
Step2: activate booth id and number
Step3: add, delete, update employees
Step4: view employee details and commit
Step5: set or update vehicle charges for tms
Step6: reset password
Step7: putting extra charge for extra time for two ways round trip
Step8: Close the gate.
Step9: log out
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USER INTERFACE DESIGN
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SECURITY ISSUES
Security is considered as major problem in the present system. the payment cash it
becomes difficult for collection, transferring and managing purpose Fraud and blunder are
serious scenarios in type of systems which were marked during survey. Inputs from fellows. It
enriches the information pool of your paper, expert comments or up gradations. And the
researcher feels confident about their work and takes a jump to start the paper writing. As the
use of TMS increases, there will be decrease in coin and cash handling at toll plazas. And with
the decrease cash handling comes an increase in toll plaza security. Some of these coins and
cash were historically lost in the collecting, handling, and transferring.
A barrier toll system (also known as an open toll system) is a method of collecting tolls
on highways using toll barriers at regularly spaced intervals on the toll road's mainline. Motorists
are typically charged a flat-rate toll, unlike toll roads with a ticket system where the toll rate is
determined by the distance traveled or number of exits passed. Some highways use coin-drop
machines on toll plazas.
For toll roads whose ramps have no toll plazas, it is possible to exit the toll road before
the mainline toll plaza, use local streets to bypass it, then re-enter the highway via an interchange
on the other side of the toll plaza. Thus it is possible to drive on some barrier toll roads while
paying less or not paying at all
44 | P a g e
TEST CASES DESIGN
TEST CASE DESIDN FOR ADMIN
TEST TEST CASE EXPECTED ACTUAL REMARKS

NO OUTPUT OUTPUT
1 Admin clicks on add Admin should Admin should Test
new client be navigated be navigated successful
to add new to add new
window window
2 Admin clicks on update Admin should Admin should Test
client record be navigated be navigated successful
to update to update
window window
3 Admin clicks on deleted Admin should Admin should Test
client record be navigated be navigated successful
to delete to delete
window window
4 Admin clicks on Admin should Admin should Test
transaction be navigated be navigated successful
to transaction to transaction
window window
5 Admin clicks on report Admin should Admin should Test
be navigated be navigated successful
to report to report
window window
45 | P a g e
TEST CASE FOR USER

NO OUTPUT OUTPUT
1 User clicks on view Balance Balance is Test
balance should be displayed successful
displayed
2 User clicks on change User should be User is Test
password navigated tp navigated to successful
change change
password password
46 | P a g e
Chapter 5
Implementation and Testing
implementation Approaches :
The choice of toll collection method should be based on the operational requirements of
the individual toll project, recognizing the need for interoperability with other systems around
the State. The following types of systems are currently available [Madhav B.T.P et.al, 2012]. 10
There are
Manual Toll System Manual toll collection is most widely used collection method in
India. It requires a toll collector or attendant. Based on the vehicle classification, cash toll is
received by the collector. The collector, who also dispenses change, may accept and sell scrip,
tickets, coupons, making an entry of the vehicle in the system and issuing receipt to the patron
[Gabriel, 2008]. Due to manual intervention, the processing time is highest. Generally, vehicle
sensors are used to crosscheck these characteristics against the toll collected by the toll attendant.
Enforcement was mainly addressed by the use of gates that were raised after the toll was paid.
Manual lanes can accept an extensive variety of payment means, such as cash, checks,
credit/debit cards, and smart cards.
A manual lane can process approximately 400 vehicles per hour in comparison to a free
flow freeway lane, with capacity approaching 2,000 vehicles per hour. Meeting peak period
demand required the construction of large toll plazas. Traffic demand, coupled with the need for
each vehicle to stop, still resulted in significant congestion at many of these toll plazas. This
traditional approach has been around for centuries.
47 | P a g e
A driver stops at a tollbooth and pays the required toll directly to a toll collector. Cash
and agency issued payment cards are generally accepted modes of payment, and some systems
now accept third-party credit or debit cards, though this is 11 rare in the U.S. Toll plazas can be
located on highway mainlines or at entrances or exits to the facility. Manual toll collection can
accommodate up to 400 vehicles per hour in a pure-cash environment. Credit transactions reduce
this rate considerably. Typically, tollbooths are provided in a ratio of three or four for every lane
of through travel, which requires considerable right-of-way. The most common method is still
manual. The drawbacks are that it is a slow system and therefore requires more toll booths/lanes
than any other to achieve the same traffic flow. Set up costs may also be high if land acquisition
is costly.
Components Description
CPU AMD A6-6310
GPU AMD RADEON R4
Input devices High definition camera
Output devices Displays on GUI and flap open on hardware
Development environment Ms visual studio 2012, eagle ,ms sql server
2008
Compilers Visual C3 compiler
48 | P a g e
Coding details and code efficiency
MAIN FORM
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Public Class Form1
Private Shared i As Form1

Public Shared ReadOnly Property instance() As Form1
Get
If i Is Nothing Then
i = New Form1
End If
Return i
End Get
End Property
Private Sub Form1_Activated(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Me.Activated

End Sub
Private Sub Form1_FormClosing(sender As Object, e As FormClosingEventArgs) Handles

Me.FormClosing
i = Nothing
End Sub
Private Sub Form1_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
ToolStripStatusLabel2.Text = DateString
End Sub
Private Sub AddNewToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

AddNewToolStripMenuItem.Click
Dim f As EmployeeManager_AddNew = EmployeeManager_AddNew.instance()
With f
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
49 | P a g e
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub EditToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

EditToolStripMenuItem.Click
Dim ed As EmployeeManager_Edit = EmployeeManager_Edit.instance()
With ed
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub ViewToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

ViewToolStripMenuItem.Click
Dim vi As Employee_settings = Employee_settings.instance()
With vi
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub DeleteToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

DeleteToolStripMenuItem.Click
Dim vi As EmployeeManager_View = EmployeeManager_View.instance
With vi
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub AddNewToolStripMenuItem1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

AddNewToolStripMenuItem1.Click
Dim add As Booth_AddNew = Booth_AddNew.instance()
50 | P a g e
With add
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub DeleteToolStripMenuItem1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

DeleteToolStripMenuItem1.Click
Dim del As Booth_Delete = Booth_Delete.instance()
With del
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub ActivateDeactivateToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)

Handles ActivateDeactivateToolStripMenuItem.Click
Dim act As Booth_Act = Booth_Act.instance()
With act
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub SettingToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

SettingToolStripMenuItem.Click
End Sub
Private Sub TileHORIZONTALToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)

Handles TileHORIZONTALToolStripMenuItem.Click
Me.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.TileHorizontal)
End Sub
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Private Sub TileVERTICALToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)
Handles
TileVERTICALToolStripMenuItem.Click
Me.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.TileVertical)
End Sub
Private Sub TileCASCADEToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)

Handles
TileCASCADEToolStripMenuItem.Click
Me.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.Cascade)
End Sub
Private Sub AboutToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

AboutToolStripMenuItem.Click
Dim f As New AboutBox
f.Show()
End Sub
Private Sub MenuStrip1_ItemClicked(sender As Object, e As

ToolStripItemClickedEventArgs) Handles MenuStrip1.ItemClicked
End Sub
Private Sub StartTransactionToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)

Handles StartTransactionToolStripMenuItem.Click
Dim st As Transaction_Start = Transaction_Start.instance()
With st
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
52 | P a g e
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub ViewTransactionToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)

Handles ViewTransactionToolStripMenuItem.Click
Dim vi As Transaction_View = Transaction_View.instance()
With vi
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub ViewChargesToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)

Handles ViewChargesToolStripMenuItem.Click
Dim vie As VechileCharge_View = VechileCharge_View.instance()
With vie
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub EditToolStripMenuItem3_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

EditToolStripMenuItem3.Click
Dim edit As VechileCharge_Edit = VechileCharge_Edit.instance()
With edit
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub AddNewTimingToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)

Handles AddNewTimingToolStripMenuItem.Click
Dim timeadd As Timing_New = Timing_New.instance()
With timeadd
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
53 | P a g e
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub EditToolStripMenuItem2_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

EditToolStripMenuItem2.Click
Dim ed As Timing_Edit = Timing_Edit.instance()
With ed
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub ViewToolStripMenuItem1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

ViewToolStripMenuItem1.Click
Dim ve As Timing_view = Timing_view.instance()
With ve
.MdiParent = Me
.Show()
.Focus()
End With
End Sub
Private Sub Timer1_Tick(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick

ToolStripStatusLabel1.Text = TimeString
End Sub
Private Sub EmployeeManageToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)

Handles EmployeeManageToolStripMenuItem.Click
End Sub
Private Sub ToolStripStatusLabel2_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

ToolStripStatusLabel2.Click
End Sub
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Private Sub ToolStripStatusLabel1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles
ToolStripStatusLabel1.Click
End Sub
Private Sub StatusStrip1_ItemClicked(sender As Object, e As

ToolStripItemClickedEventArgs) Handles StatusStrip1.ItemClicked
End Sub
End Class
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LOGIN FORM
Public Class Login
Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click

Dim con As New SqlConnection("Data
Source=(LocalDB)\MSSQLLocalDB;AttachDbFilename=B:\Toll-Managment-
master\TollManagment\mdf_2012\TollManagment.mdf;Integrated Security=True;Connect
Timeout=30")
con.Open()
id = TextBox1.Text
pass = TextBox2.Text
Dim sql As String

sql = "Select * from employee where EmpId='" & id & "' and password='" & pass & "'"
Dim comm As SqlCommand = New SqlCommand(sql, con)

Dim dr As SqlDataReader
dr = comm.ExecuteReader()
If dr.HasRows Then
Dim md As Form1 = Form1.instance()
With md
.Show()
.Focus()
End With
Me.Hide()
Else
MessageBox.Show("NO ID FOUND")
TextBox1.Text = ""
TextBox2.Text = ""
End If
While dr.Read
ename = dr("EmpName")
type = dr("EmpType")
End While
56 | P a g e
boothid()
dr.Close()
con.Close()
End Sub
Sub boothid()

Timeout=30")
con.Open()
Dim sql As String
sql = "Select * from timing where EmpId='" & id & "'"
Dim com As SqlCommand = New SqlCommand(sql, con)
dr = com.ExecuteReader()
While dr.Read
idbooth = dr("BoothId")
End While
dr.Close()
con.Close()
End Sub
Private Sub Login_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
End Sub
Private Sub Label1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Label1.Click
End Sub
End Class
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Employee code
Public Class EmployeeManager_AddNew
Dim fname As String
Dim nname As String
Dim addr As String
Dim city As String
Dim state As String
Dim pin As String
Dim contact As String
Dim email As String
Dim pass As String
Dim cpass As String
Dim etype As String
Dim id As String
Dim nid As String
Dim fid As String
Dim eid As String
Private Shared i As EmployeeManager_AddNew

Public Shared ReadOnly Property instance() As EmployeeManager_AddNew
Get
If i Is Nothing Then
i = New EmployeeManager_AddNew
End If
Return i
End Get
End Property
Private Sub EmployeeManager_AddNew_FormClosing(sender As Object, e As

FormClosingEventArgs) Handles Me.FormClosing
i = Nothing
End Sub
Private Sub EmployeeManager_AddNew_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles
MyBase.Load

Timeout=30 ")
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con.Open()
Dim sql As String
sql = "Select * from employee"
While dr.Read
ComboBox2.Items.Add(dr("EmpId"))
End While
dr.Close()
con.Close()
End Sub
Sub GetEmployeeId()

Timeout=30 ")
con.Open()
Dim sql As String
sql = "select * from employee"
If dr.HasRows() Then
While dr.Read
id = dr("EmpId")
End While
dr.Close()
nid = id.Remove(0, 3)
fid = Convert.ToInt32(nid)
Else
eid = "TAN" + "001"
End If
End Sub

Me.Close()
End Sub
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Private Sub TextBox1_KeyPress(sender As Object, e As KeyPressEventArgs) Handles
TextBox1.KeyPress
If Not Char.IsLetter(e.KeyChar) And Not e.KeyChar = Chr(Keys.Delete) And Not
e.KeyChar = Chr(Keys.Back) And Not e.KeyChar = Chr(Keys.Space) Then
e.Handled = True
End If
End Sub
Private Sub TextBox1_TextChanged(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

TextBox1.TextChanged
End Sub

TextBox3.KeyPress
If Not Char.IsLetter(e.KeyChar) And Not e.KeyChar = Chr(Keys.Delete) And Not
e.KeyChar = Chr(Keys.Back) And Not e.KeyChar = Chr(Keys.Space) Then
e.Handled = True
End If
End Sub

End Sub

TextBox4.KeyPress
If (e.KeyChar < "0" OrElse e.KeyChar > "9") AndAlso (e.KeyChar <> ControlChars.Back)
Then
e.Handled = True
End If
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End Sub

End Sub

TextBox5.KeyPress
If (e.KeyChar < "0" OrElse e.KeyChar > "9") AndAlso (e.KeyChar <> ControlChars.Back)
Then
e.Handled = True
End If
End Sub

End Sub

TextBox1.Text = ""
TextBox2.Text = ""
TextBox3.Text = ""
TextBox4.Text = ""
TextBox5.Text = ""
TextBox6.Text = ""
TextBox7.Text = ""
TextBox8.Text = ""
ComboBox1.SelectedItem = ""
ComboBox2.SelectedItem = ""
End Sub
GetEmployeeId()
Dim conn As New SqlConnection("Data
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Timeout=30")
conn.Open()
fname = TextBox1.Text
addr = TextBox2.Text
city = TextBox3.Text
state = ComboBox1.SelectedItem
pin = TextBox4.Text
contact = TextBox5.Text
email = TextBox6.Text
pass = TextBox7.Text
cpass = TextBox8.Text
etype = ComboBox2.SelectedItem
fid = fid + 1
If (fid < 10) Then
fid = "0" + "0" + fid
ElseIf fid < 100 And fid >= 10 Then
fid = "0" + fid
End If
eid = "TAN" + fid
Dim sql As String
If (pass = cpass) Then

sql = "Insert into employee(EmpId, EmpName, Address, City, State, Pincode, Contact,
Email, Password, EmpType) values(" + "'" + eid + "'" + ", '" + fname + "'," + "'" + addr + "' , '" +
city + "' , '" + state + "' , '" + pin + "' , '" + contact + "' , '" + email + "' , '" + pass + "' , '" + etype +
" ' " + ")"
Dim comm As SqlCommand = New SqlCommand(sql, conn)
comm.ExecuteNonQuery()
conn.Close()
MessageBox.Show("RECORD INSERTED")
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Else
MessageBox.Show("REENTER YOUR PASSWORD")
Button2_Click(sender, e)
End If
End Sub

End Sub
Private Sub ComboBox2_SelectedIndexChanged(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles

ComboBox2.SelectedIndexChanged
End Sub
End Class
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OUTPUT
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5.2.1 Code Efficiency
Visual Basic is a third-generation event-driven programming language first released by

Microsoft in 1991. It evolved from the earlier DOS version called
BASIC. BASIC means Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. Since then Microsoft
has released many versions of Visual Basic, from Visual Basic 1.0 to the final version Visual
Basic 6.0. Visual Basic is a user-friendly programming language designed for beginners, and it
enables anyone to develop GUI window applications easily.
In 2002, Microsoft released Visual Basic.NET(VB.NET) to replace Visual Basic 6.

Thereafter, Microsoft declared VB6 a legacy programming language in 2008. Fortunately,
Microsoft still provides some form of support for VB6. VB.NET is a fully object-oriented
programming language implemented in the .NET Framework. It was created to cater for the
development of the web as well as mobile applications. However, many developers still favor
Visual Basic 6.0 over its successor Visual Basic.NET.
Structure Query Language(SQL) is a database query language used for storing and
managing data in Relational DBMS. SQL was the first commercial language introduced for E.F
Codd's Relational model of database. Today almost all RDBMS(MySql, Oracle, Infomix,
Sybase, MS Access) use SQL as the standard database query language. SQL is used to perform
all types of data operations in RDBMS
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Testing Approach
Testing is very Vital for any system to be successfully implemented. The common view is that it
is performed to prove that are no errors in a program. Therefore the most useful and practical
approach is with the explicit intension of finding the error.
The system is tested experimentally to ensure that the software does not fail. The system is run
according to its specifications and in the user expects. Following testing are used. The system
will process as normal input preparation of test-Sample data.
Following testing practices were used:
There are two ways in which Testing can be done:

1. White Box Testing
2. Black Box Testing
1. White Box Testing
In white Box Testing each function and procedure of the system is tested in sequence. The flow
of the system is checked. While testing the software valid values are entered for desired output.
In TOLL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM most of the values are derived from the database, but
these values are decided depending on option or value selected by the user in previous step, each
function of the module has been tested using White Box Testing.
2. Black Box Testing
In Black Box Testing module is tested for any redundant value. User enters any value in the
system and system should generate appropriate result for it software should be able to warn the
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user about invalid entries. Blackbox testing is a method of software testing that examines the
fictionality of an application without peering into its internal structures or workings. Black-box
testing treats the software as a black box, examining functionality without any knowledge of
internal implementation.
There are two main methods by which planners may prevent such toll evasion. One
method is to simply remove highway entrances after and exits before toll plazas, so that
detouring around toll plazas becomes such an inconvenience that most users will not bother.
Another method is to place toll plazas on exits before and entrances after mainline toll barriers,
so that all users will always have to pay a toll somewhere, no matter where they enter or exit.
The barrier toll system can create more congestion than the ticket system, since it forces all
motorists to stop for several toll plazas each time they travel down the highway
In an open toll system, not all patrons are charged a toll. In such a system, the toll plaza is
generally located at the edge of the urban area, where a majority of long distance travelers are
committed to the facility, with a minimum likelihood of switching to the parallel free route, or at
the busiest section of the toll way [Gabriel, 2008]. Patrons are identified by their category and
pay a fixed toll for it. The local traffic around the plaza either gets rebate or can use a service
lane.All vehicles stop at various locations along the highway to pay a toll
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Unit Testing
As the system is GUI based windows application ,the following were tested in the phase.
Tab order Reverse Tab order front end validation In our system , unit testing has been
successfully handled . The test data was given to each to each every module I all respect and got
the desired in all respect and got all the desired output. Each module has been found tested
working properly.
System is typically described as "open" when there are no toll booths on entry or exit
ramps to the road. The tolls are collected at points along the road, and are therefore unrelated to
distance traveled. Open tolling is generally used in urban or semi-urban areas where the traffic
flows are high and the cost of toll plazas at all access and egress points would be too great. The
revenue collected will be less than in a closed system, but careful design can minimize this
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Integration Testing
The data should be prepared carefully since the data only determines the efficiency and accuracy
of the system. Artificial data are prepared solely for testing . Every program validates the input
data.
Validation Testing:
In this all the code modules were tested individually one after another. the following testing in all
modules .
Loop testing
Boundary value Testing
Equivalence Testing
In our case all the modules were combined and given the test data. The combined modules work
successfully without any side effect on the other programs. Everything was found fne working
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Modification and Improvements
1. Provides an interoperable secure framework capable of use across the country.
2. It increases transparency and efficiency in processing transactions.
3. Electrification of retail payments.
4. Reduce air pollution by reducing the congestion around toll plaza.
5. Reduce fuel consumption.
6. Reduce cash handling.
7. Enhance audit control by centralizing user account.
8. Remove the Barricade to reduce the time of People
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Test cases
Testing Table

NO OUTPUT OUTPUT
1 Admin clicks on add new Admin should Admin should Test successful
client be navigated to be navigated to
add new add new
window window
2 Admin clicks on update Admin should Admin should Test successful

client record be navigated to be navigated to
update window update window
3 Admin clicks on deleted Admin should Admin should Test successful

client record be navigated to be navigated to
delete window delete window
4 Admin clicks on Admin should Admin should Test successful

transaction be navigated to be navigated to
transaction transaction
window window
5 Admin clicks on report Admin should Admin should Test successful

be navigated to be navigated to
report window report window
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TEST CASE FOR USER

NO OUTPUT OUTPUT
1 User clicks on view Balance Balance is Test
balance should be displayed successful
displayed
2 User clicks on change User should be User is Test
password navigated tp navigated to successful
change change
password password
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Chapter 6
Results and Discussions

The study focused on analyzing the performance of Toll Roads sector in Pune region,
which consist of Six toll roads and more than 10 toll plazas. The operational system primarily
comprises toll traffic, toll revenue, tolling infrastructure and roadway (tollway) services such as
security, ambulance, and highway patrolling, etc. During the study, critical performance factors
were identified to assess the performance across all the operational components. Further, the
study suggests ways for better performance in order to satisfy all stakeholders of the toll road
system in the region. Appropriate Tools are developed for analysing the present status in
operational elements. The operational performance across three major factors- Toll Traffic and
Revenue, Tolling systems and Road services is studied and compared. It is found that the sector
has been doing pretty well in traffic and revenue front and at the same time its performance is not
up to the mark on service front
It is observed that the Shirur toll plaza on Pune –Ahmednagar Road is the best in its
operation since it gets the highest score of all the plazas. It excels in its housekeeping and has
sufficient amenities for the users. The Anewadi toll plaza and the Talegoan toll plaza set up on
Pune- Satara highway and Pune-Mumbai Highway stand second and third of the eight plazas
respectively. It is seen that they have a good toll plaza management system which is even better
than the former plaza which ranks first. However the Talegoan toll plaza lags in a couple of
amenities for customer services which make it stands second. The Kushgoan Toll Plaza on Pune-
Expressway and the Varwade toll plaza on Pune – Solapur Highway secured fourth position as
they obtained equal scores. However they can have a better surveillance system and customer
service as well. Still they are short of amenities like parking lots and toilets. However the plaza
management system seems to be better as these plazas have number of functional components.
Ranjangaon toll plaza lying on Pune- Ahmednagar Road and Rajgurunagar Toll plaza have
secured the fifth position with equal scores. However they lag in aspects like housekeeping and
overall cleanliness, adequate surveillance system and customer service
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Competent employees are essential for the smooth functioning of the plaza. The staff
should be polite and courteous but firm in dealing with the public. The employees working with
toll plazas are not permanent and they work in 8 hrs. Shifts and 12 hr shift also. They are not
well qualified as most of them are 10 or intermediate education and absorbed into the sector with
little training background. However it is understood that they are absorbed in toll operation job
with little experience. Though the tolling business is very lucrative with daily revenue running
into lakhs the employees’ salaries are not attractive, thereby they are less motivated. Not all toll
plazas do provide good amount of security for employees. Manager of the toll plaza, who runs
the entire toll plaza, should keep the focus on toll plaza objectives, all the time during day –to-
day operation
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Test reports
REPORTS
 Summary of the Network without Validation.

 Preliminary Validation report.
 Validated shifts report.
 Traffic and collection by payment mode.
 Collection bags.
 Collection per shift.
 Total collection settled.
 Collection Bags pending deposit.
 Collection pending deposit.
 Bank deposits..
 Deposits made by Collecting company.

 Deposits detail by deposit receipt Differences of total collection.
 Differences of total collection by countable working day.
 Settled collections report.
 False tickets report.
 Invalidated tickets report.
 Collection differences per booth operators.
 Differences per booth operator.
 Other income.
 Per-book entry.
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User Documentation:
1. The users have to register their self on toll if their not register they have to work on this
system
2. After registration completed the user can anytime make use of the toll and the avail the
services of the toll
3. As the user uses management system they can view and manage the whole system with ease
4. As soon as car passes the toll gate certain amount will have ducted their users account b on
vehicle type
5. As the user have full access of viewing storing and editing data in the TMS
In a "Closed" system, all exit and entry points are monitored and tolls collected on exit, so that
all travelers make payments and the payments are directly related to distance traveled. The
closed system tends to be more expensive ,requiring more infrastructure and more operating staff
but, if most trips on the road are short, can be necessary to achieve anything nearing full revenue
collection. In a closed toll system, patrons pay the toll based on miles of travel on the facility and
category of vehicle. There are no free-rides. Plazas are located at all the entry and exit points,
with the patron receiving a ticket upon entering the system.
Upon exiting, patron surrenders the ticket to the collector and is charged a prescribed fee
based on category of vehicle and distance travelled [Gabriel Nowacki et.al, 2008]. It has just two
stops for the vehicles
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Chapter 7
Conclusion and Future work
Conclusion
In this paper we presented the new Toll Management and Supervision System – TMSS,
which is a central level of the toll charging system developed and deployed by Institute Mihajlo
Pupin at highway segment . TMSS is designed and developed on modern VB.NET technology
platform, providing scalability and high-reliability needed for 24/365 near real-time operation.
TMSS functional architecture is covering both technical and business processes of the tolling
system. Such and convergent architecture, where both technical and business functions are
combined and integrated into single application, offers number of benefits to both end-users and
system administrators. Also, development and change management of system functionalities, in
response to new requirements and regulatory demands, is much improved in such converged
architecture compared to heterogeneous systems with number of autonomous components that
need to be adapted and synchronized independently.
Together with scalability which offers possibility for optimal hardware and software
investments for needed performances, ease of change management and maintenance enables
economic efficiency of the TMSS in production rollouts. Experiences of two months of
production operation of the TMSS have proved good performances and reliability. It is noticed
that modern and intuitive web based user interface is well accepted by end-users, allowing easy
and fast self-learning. Combined Event-Driven and Service-Oriented architecture provided very
good data analytics and reporting capabilities and performances, which enables near real-time
system monitoring and supervision on all levels of decision making (operational, tactical and
strategic)
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7.3 Future work
ETC lane / RFID based tolling system will be used at almost every toll plaza in India in the near
future. ETC tolling systems have been recommended in a report by the Apex Committee
constituted by the Government of India under the chairmanship of Nandan Nilkeni. Toll
collection systems based on GPS technology will be implemented in the near future. The free-
flow system can manage several lanes, electronically collecting tolls from vehicles as they pass
beneath an overhead in countries such as the United States, Australia, Canada, Chile and Israel.
In a free-flow system, there are no lane dividers and therefore no automatic barrier gates. When
vehicle pass through a gantry, data gets exchanged between tags installed on vehicles and readily
installed on gantry. This exchange happens simultaneously on all lanes at once.
The primary challenge with ORT is finding the balance between transponder and image payment
methods. Transponders enable the means to pay tolls without requiring human intervention in the
payment processing. The use of ANPR requires customer service staff to review images to
ensure that the correct customer in charged for the toll. While optical character recognition
technology automates much of work in determining license plate numbers, accuracy and quality
control do require this level of review.
Experience has shown the image processing costs are higher per transaction than
transponder-based toll collection. This is a form of electronic toll collection without tollbooths.
Customers pass through a highway toll collection zone at full highway speed, and capacities over
2,000 vehicles per hour. Most deployments require vehicles to be equipped with transponders for
the payment of tolls, and cameras are used to capture the images of violators. Some installations
now allow drivers without transponders to “pay by plate,” which allows customers
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Significance of the System
The TMSS is designed for the highway section.. So far, the operation experience of the
TMSS has proven the efficiency, good functionality and high operational reliability. The TMSS
working online receives messages from the lower levels of the system and refers to the period of
24 hours.
This module is responsible for overall system monitoring and physical configuration for
production operation as well as test mode of operation on parts or system as whole. Overall toll
system technical monitoring and supervision of real-time operation of complex equipment and
hardware/software subsystems has significant similarities with systems in
Also, for purposes of collection and dissemination of information, this component

implements logic for scheduling and reliable delivery of meta-data configurations and other data
to lower layers (plaza/lane) via internal integration which is responsible for communication only.
As part of system configuration, the security and user management functionalities are provided
for provisioning of user access rights and also for audit logging of relevant activities on all
system applications and layers.
Short toll roads with no intermediate entries or exits may have only one toll plaza at one
end, with motorists traveling in either direction paying a flat fee either when they enter or when
they exit the toll road. In a variant of the closed toll system, mainline barriers are present at the
two endpoints of the toll road, and each interchange has a ramp toll that is paid upon exit or
entry. In this case, a motorist pays a flat fee at the ramp toll and another flat fee at the end of the
toll road; no ticket is necessary. In addition, with most systems, motorists may only pay tolls
with cash and/or change; debit and credit cards are not accepted. However, some toll roads may
have travel plazas with ATMs so motorists can stop and withdraw cash for the tolls
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Open Road Tolling (ORT) is defined as the collection of tolls by purely electronic means,
through the installation of gantry-based electronic tolling and enforcement systems designed to
enable unhindered passage of vehicles through the toll gantry at normal highway speeds. ORT is
electronic toll collection without any toll plazas. ORT provides the technological approach to
enabling the use of pricing for traffic management without requiring vehicles to stop and pay a
toll
. The key to ORT is that each vehicle can be uniquely identified as it passes a charging
point. In most existing schemes, vehicles are identified via an electronic transponder, which is
mounted inside vehicle windshields. Vehicles without a tag are identified by a video image of the
license plate, which is then checked against a record of ETC account holders, or vehicles
registered by drivers who have paid a toll over the telephone or Internet. Identifying vehicles and
21 collecting tolls via license plate images is called “pay by plate.” License plates that cannot be
reconciled to an account and have not registered are identified as violators and processed
accordingly. To avoid the need for transponders, some systems, notably the London Congestion
Charge scheme, use Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR).
Normally, a system of cameras captures images of vehicles passing through tolled areas,
and the image of the license plate is extracted and used to identify the vehicle. This allows
customers to use the facility without any advance interaction with the toll agency. The
disadvantage is that fully automatic recognition has a significant error rate, leading to billing
errors. Systems that incorporate a manual review stage have much lower error rates, but require a
continuing staffing expense
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Limitation of the System
The present study focuses on the technology required to support the different approach of
toll system. Implementation of the proposed system provides a drastic reduction in transaction
and waiting times in toll plaza. But apart from these benefits there are also some drawbacks such
as higher cost of equipment needed for the proposed system. The second risk is that if problem
arises in any one of the system then the entire system will be affected since it is centralized.
Restrictions
Each payment system has its limits regarding the maximum amount in the account, the number
of transactions per day and the amount of output.
The risk of being hacked
If you follow the seсurity rules the threat is minimal, it can be compared to the risk of something
like a robbery. The worse situation when the system of processing company has been broken,
because it leads to the leak of personal data on cards and its owners. Even if the electronic
payment system does not launch plastic cards, it can be involved in scandals regarding the
Identitytheft.
The problem of transferring money between different payment systems

Usually the majority of electronic payment systems do not cooperate with each other. In this
case, you have to use the services of e-currency exchange, and it can be time-consuming if you
still do not have a trusted service for this purpose. Our article on how to choose the best e-
currency exchanger greatly facilitates the search process.
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The lack of anonymity
The information about all the transactions, including the amount, time and recipient are stored in
the database of the payment system. And it means the intelligence agency has an access to this
information. You should decide whether it's bad or good.
The necessity of Internet access

If Internet connection fails, you can not get to your online account.
In general, the advantages of electronic payment system outweigh its disadvantages and they
have bigger opportunities comparing with ones of traditional wire transfers.
Open Road Tolling (ORT) is defined as the collection of tolls by purely electronic means,
through the installation of gantry-based electronic tolling and enforcement systems designed to
enable unhindered passage of vehicles through the toll gantry at normal highway speeds. ORT is
electronic toll collection without any toll plazas. ORT provides the technological approach to
enabling the use of pricing for traffic management without requiring vehicles to stop and pay a
toll. The key to ORT is that each vehicle can be uniquely identified as it passes a charging point.
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Chapter 8
References
Authored book
[1] R. Gonzalez and R. Woods Digital Image Processing, Addison Wesley Publishing
Company,1992 chap 7.
Paper in a journal
[2] KhadijahKamarulazizi, Dr.Widad Ismail Electronic Toll Collection System Using

Passive RFID Technology in Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information
Technology.
[3] PranotiSalunkhe, PoonamMalle, KittiDatir, JayshreeDukale, Automated Toll
Collection System Using RFID in IOSR Volume 9, Issues 2(Jan-Feb 2013).
[4] Kumar Rajeev Ranjan, AbhinavSinha ” Automatic Vehicle Registration System for
Tollbooths”.
[5] PriyankaChhon'ya, GovindaPaliwal, PoonamBadhan Image Processing Base
Automation Toll Booth In Indian Condition, April 2013.
[6] KresimirRomic, Irena Gailc, Alfonzo Baumgartner Character Recognition Based On
Region Pixel Concentration for License Plate Identification.
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ELECTRONIC TOLL COLLECTION

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the

Requirements for the award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Name : Ranjit Gurmel Singh

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

PNR No.: …………………… Seat no:

1. Name of the Student

2. Title of the Project

3. Name of the Guide

4. Teaching experience of the Guide

5. Is this your first submission?

Signature of the Student Signature of the Guide

Date: ………………… Date: …………………….

Signature of the Coordinator

ARTS, COMMERCE AND SCIENCE COLLEGE

MUMBAI-MAHARASHTRA- 400 068

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Internal Guide Coordinator

Date: 25 April, 2019 College Seal

Name and Signature of the Student

Coding Details and CodeEfficiency 52

Code Efficiency .... 66

Unit Testing .... 69

Integrated Testing .... 70

Modifications and Improvements… . 73

Test Cases… ............................................................................................................................... 76

CHAPTER 6: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Significance of the System ... 81

Limitations of the System. 83

Future Scope of the Project .84

3 Data flow diagram 18

In ecoMove the emphasis is on three major inefficiencies: inefficient route choice,

Toll Managemenrt system is a management of toll collection. The achievements we had

It is very challenging to handle a vehicular flow by a manual system of revenue

Ed 1 / Rev 0 5 ( D&C TS916 OMCS Requirements – Electronic Toll Collection System

MONTH GRANTT CHART ESTIMATED ACTUAL SCHEDULE

A PERT chart presents a graphic illustration of a project as a network diagram consisting

 PERT chart explicitly defmes and makes visible dependencies (precedence

DESIGN GUI PART CODE GUI PART WRITE USER MANNUAL

 SYSTEM : INTEL I3 2.4GHz

 HARD DISK : 40GB

 FLOPPY DISK : 1.44 MB

 MONITOR : 15 VGA COLOUR

 KEYBOARD : 110 KEYS ENHANCED

 OPERATING SYSTEM : WINDOWS 10 PROFESSIONAL

 FRONT END : ANDROID STUDIO

 CODING LANGUAGE : VB.NET

 DATABASE : SQL SERVER 2018

 In this system toll management can be done electronically.

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM(DFD)

Symbols used in data flow diagram are as follows:

Entity: Any object or person that is engage in transaction.

Data Store: Data at rest, being stored for later use.

DFD (LEVEL 1) DIAGRAM

DFD (LEVEL 02)diagram

Entity Relationship Diagram(ERD) can express overall logical structure of a database

The components of E-R diagram are:

Attribute: Descriptive property of an entity.

Relationship: It is an association among several entities.

emp_id Name Client id

Employee details Has booth

Does Delete Has