FAMILY LAW I: ASSIGNMENT I

Name: Gaurvi Arora

Roll ID: 19IP63016

1. Number of Acts in force and recent developments

There are 989 Parliament acts which have been passed since the year 1838. The total numbers of
acts exceed the given number and it’s difficult to ascertain an exact number due to different Centre
and State acts.

The successive governments had earlier repealed 1301 outdated laws over the years and now the
Modi Government has also managed to weed out 1159 more obsolete laws since 2015 which
include twenty four laws from the British era that had lost relevance long ago due to enactment of
other related laws.

The most recent ones are:

Amendments of previous Acts in 2019

 The Personal Laws (Amendment) Act, 2019

 The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (Amendment) Act, 2019
 The National Council for Teacher Education (Amendment) Act, 2019

Amendments of previous Acts in 2018

 The Central Goods and Services Tax (Amendment) Act, 2018

 The Integrated Goods and Services Tax (Amendment) Act, 2018
 The Goods and Services Tax (Compensation to States) Amendment Act, 2018
 The Union Territory Goods and Services Tax (Amendment) Act, 2018
 The Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of
High Courts (Amendment) Act, 2018
 The Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2018
 The Payment of Gratuity (Amendment) Act, 2018
 The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Act,2018
 The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (Amendment) Act, 2018

Acts passed in 2018

  The National Commission for Backward Classes (Repeal) Act, 2018
 The National Sports University Act
 The Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018

Ref:

www.prsindia.org

http://legislative.gov.in/documents/legislative-references/list-of-acts-yearwise

2. Court Structure in India

SUPREME COURT
(CJI and 25 Other
judges)

HIGH COURTS

DISTRICT & SESSION COURTS METROPOLITAN COURTS

(In each district) (In Metropolitan Areas)

METROPOLITAN PRESIDENCY
PROVINCIAL COURT OF CITY CIVIL &
SUBORDINATE MAGISTRATES SMALL CAUSES
SMALL CAUSES SESSION SESSION COURTS
JUDGES COURT COURTS COURTS
(CIVIL) (CRIMINAL)

SUBORDINATE
NYAYA PANCHAYAT
MUNSIF COURTS MAGISTRATE
PANCHAYATS ADALATS
COURTS

The hierarchy of Indian Judicial System is categorized broadly among three courts: Supreme Court, High Courts
and the District Courts. The Supreme Court has the highest authority and deals with cases related to conflict
between the Centre and the State governments or the governments of two states. The court is headed by the Chief
Justice, accompanied by twenty five other judges, all of whom are elected by the President of India.
The next level of authority lies with the High Courts, which are eighteen in number across the states in the
country, among which 3 have the judicial powers of more than one state. Each and every High Court has
the power to interfere with the proceedings of the lower courts. The State Legislatures and the Union
Legislatures can challenge and change the decisions made by the High Courts of India.

The District Courts are at the third level under the hierarchy of courts of India, which basically resolve the
disputes at the district level. The usual path for the appellant is to first approach the lower court, and if he
or the respondent is not satisfied with the decision of the lower court, then he can appeal in higher courts.