Simplex Method Case 1.

Max Z  3x1  5 x 2
s / t 3 x1  2 x 2  18  ( I )
x1  4  ( II )
x2  6  ( III )
x1, x 2  0

Standard Form:
Max Z = 3x1 + 5x2 + 0w1 + 0w2 + 0w3
3x1 + 2x2 + w1 + 0w2 + 0w3 = 18
x1 + 0x2 + 0w1 + w2 + 0w3 = 4
0x1 + x2 + 0w1 + 0w2 + w3 = 6
To prepare initial Table:
Table - I

cj 3 5 0 0 0
ci xi x1 x2 w1 w2 w3 bi
0 w1 3 2 1 0 0 18
0 w2 1 0 0 1 0 4
0 w3 0 1 0 0 1 6
Ij -3 -5 0 0 0 Z=0
• Ij = (Zj-cj) = (aij.ci)-cj
Interpretation of Simplex Table
Table - I
cj 3 5 0 0 0
ci xi x1 x2 w1 w2 w3 bi
0 w1 3 2 1 0 0 18 (18/2=9)
0 w2 1 0 0 1 0 4 (4/0=infinity)
0 w3 0 1 0 0 1 6 (6/1=6)
Ij -3 -5 0 0 0 Z=0

• Key Column  Min Ij [ Most Negative ]

• Key Row  Min positive ratio.
How to get next table ?
 Leaving variable : w3
 Entering variable : x2
 Key no. = 1
 For old key row : New No.= Old No./key No.
 For other rows:
(Corresponding Key Row No.).
(Corresponding Key Column No.)
New No.  Old No. 
Key No.

• 18  18 - (6*2)/1 = 6
• I(w3) = 0  0 - [1*(-5)]/1 = 5
 Table - II
cj 3 5 0 0 0
ci xi x1 x2 w1 w2 w3 bi Ratio
0 w1 3 0 1 0 -2 6 (6/3=2)
0 w2 1 0 0 1 0 4 (4/1=4)
5 x2 0 1 0 0 1 6 (6/0=infinity)
Ij -3 0 0 0 5 Z=30

• Key Column  Min Ij

• Key Row  Min positive ratio

Table - III
cj 3 5 0 0 0
ci xi x1 x2 w1 w2 w3 bi Ratio
3 x1 1 0 1/3 0 -2/3 2
0 w2 0 0 -1/3 1 2/3 2
5 x2 0 1 0 0 1 6
Ij 0 0 0 0 3 Z=36

• This is the final Table

The Optimal Solution is x1 = 2, x2 = 6
giving Z = 36