Republic of the Philippines

CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY

Don Severino de las Alas Campus
Indang, Cavite, Philippines
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WRITTEN REPORT IN LITERATURE

SUBMITTED BY:
JANELLE CARLA LANDICHO
VIDA JOY MILLO
MA. FATIMA DAKIS
IRENE CASTILLO
CHRISTIAN DE LEON
MARLON EVARDO
MATTHEW PEGA
MHEAN ROMA
 GREEK LITERATURE INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND
The name Greece comes from the Latin "Gracia" which in return comes from
the Greek word "Graikoi", the original name of people living in Dodona. However the
word is use to address people living in Greece. The original Greek name was, and
still is Hella, the land of Helens. Originally Hella was a small area located at the
South of Thesalia, but it was now widely used for people with a Greek background
and culture, stretching from the West Coast of Asia Minor, Southern Italy to pyrenes
and Northern Africa. Greek’s art and culture have made a great impact on
Europeans and Americans culture. Heir highly organized society, their system of
justice, and of course their art (sculpture, statue, plays and especially their
mythology) have been the major source of inspiration. In studying Greek literature, it
will always lead to the study and understanding of the mythology. In studying
mythology one should familiar him/ herself with the different Gods and Goddesses.

WHO ARE THE 12 GODS/ GODDESS OF OLYMPUS?

1. Zeus
 is the king of the gods
 the ruler of Mt. Olympus and the god of sky and thunder
 his symbols are thunderbolt, eagle, bull, and oak
 siblings are Poseidon, Hades, Hestia, Demeter and Hera (his wife)
2. Hera
 wife and older sister of Zeus
 queen of Olympian
 goddess of childbirth and marriage.
 her symbol is pomegranate
 vindictive, jealous of Zeus’s multiple affair
3. Poseidon
 god of the sea, horses and earthquake
 one of supreme gods in Olympus, but spent most of his time in his watery
domain.
 his symbols are trident, dolphin and horses
4. Hades
 god of the underworld
 king of the dead
 his symbols are Cerberus, bident and cypress
 abducted Persephone to be his wife
5. Pallas Athena
 goddess of wisdom and war
 patron of Athens
 she is the favorite daughter of Zeus
6. Phoebus Apollo
 god of sun, archery, healing, medicine, music and dance
 son of Zeus twin of Artemis
  father of healing and medicine
 his symbol is wand
7. Artemis
 goddess of the hunt, wild, animals, fertility, and moon
 her symbol is crescent moon
8. Aphrodite
 goddess of love, beauty and sex
 She was born of the foam
 her husband is Hephaestus
her son Eros
9. Hermes
 god of land and travel
 messenger of the gods
 guide souls of the dead to underworld
 son of Zeus and a nymp
10. Ares
 god of war and battle
 son of Zeus and Hera
 merciless and bloody
11. Hephaestus
 god of fire and blacksmith
 son of Zeus and Hera
 an ugly god
 his wife cheated on him with Ares
12. Hestia
 goddess of heart and home
 Zeus oldest sister
 wooed by Poseidon but swore to remain virgin
CULTURE
ROLE OF WOMAN IN ANCIENT GREEK

 Controlled by the men

 Learned to read, household skills, simple mythology, spent most time at home
with the other women
 Marriage: Girls got married in their teens, often to 30 year old men. Fathers
chose the husband.
 Girls must be virgins before marriage.
 Wedding Ceremony: Make an offering to the Gods and then share a cake with
her husband.
 Women were not regarded as a part of the family until the first child was born.
 Life expectancy: 35-40 years because of child bearing.
 Respectable women would not be seen in public. The men inherited all of the
wife’s possessions at the time of marriage.
THE THREE CLASSES OF WOMEN IN ANCIENT GREEK
1. Wives class:

 Stay at home and weave. Could not go in public except for religious
ceremonies.
2. Concubines:
 Poor women, led to prostitution for survival.
3. Hetaerae:
 Educated women. Companions to men for a price. Meet men at parties.
Intellectual companions as well.
ROLE OF MAN IN ANCIENT GREEK

 Leaders of the household

 Hunting, and work
 Social Life
 Not there much for the family
 Elders have a high status and should be treated with respect.
CLOTHES IN ANCIENT GREEK

 Clothing for both women and men consisted of two main garments—a tunic
and a cloak.
 Fabric was brightly and made by hand by the women.
 Womens’ tunic reached to the floor. Men’s were usually above the knees.
GREEK CUISINE
Greece is the source for an original European cuisine. The climate of Greece
is conducive for growing olives and lemon trees and both of them form an important
part of Greek cooking. Vegetables like aubergines and courgettes are commonly
used. Garlic, thyme, basil, oregano also find pride of place in Greek food. Honey is
used as flavor for desserts and the famous Feta cheese is usually a specialty
ingredient.
THE OLYMPICS
Hippias of Elis, a fifth century BC sophist, was the first to compile the initial victor list
of the Olympic Games. According to him, the first athletic contest, the foot race, was
held at Olympia, in Western Peloponnese, for the first time in 776 BC, in honor of the
Olympian God, Zeus.

The Olympic Games were not the first athletic events to be organized in the
Mediterranean area. Ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamians had a long tradition in
athletic activities as shown by athletic scenes carved on the tombs kings and nobles.

The Myceneans adopted all Minoan games and introduced chariot racing and more
track events. In the Mycenean world the chariot was considered extremely important,
as it is not only used in hunting and in war but for religious and funerary ceremonies
as well.
TRIVIAL FACTS

 Greece has 11 millions people.

 Religion include 98 % muslim and 2 % others.
 Greek is the cradle of democracy.
 The Greeks have three genesis story (Pelasgian, Homeric/ Orphic and
Olympian) to which the earth started.
 In the Greek mythology, it showed there that gods were not supreme,
almighty beings. They were looked upon as idealize human beings. They
were powerful, but looked human and had the same flaws as human had.
They were immortals, didn’t get old or sick and had eternal youth, but they did
have human flaws, desire and needs, such as hunger and thirst.
SIMILARITIES WITH THE PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

 Filipino believe in a supreme gods like diwata and bathala same with the
greek who believe in the 12 olympian goddesses.
 Superstitious belief, culture was also emphasize in both literature.
 Supernatural characters who have super natural power are shown in both
myth.
FLOW OF PRESENTATION AND SCRIPT
One day at Mt. Olympus god and goddesses held
Zeus: King of the gods. The ruler of Mt. Olympus and the god of sky and thunder.
Hera: wife and the older sister of Zeus, Queen of Olympian, goddess of childbirth
and marriage.
Apollo: god of the sun, archery, healing, medicine, music and dance. Son of Zeus
twin of Artemis. Father of healing and medicine.
Athena: goddess of wisdom and war. Patron of Athens. Favorite daughter of Zeus.
Hermes: god of land and travel. Messenger of the gods. Guide souls of the dead to
underworld. Son of Zeus and a nymp.
Artemis: goddess of the hunt, wild animals/wildlife, fertility and moon.
Poseidon: god of the sea, horses and earthquake. One of supreme gods in Olympus,
but spent most of time in his watery domain.
Aphrodite: goddess of love, beauty and sex. Born of the foam, Wife of Hephaestus,
Eros mother.
Hephaestus: god of fire and blacksmith. Son of Zeus and Hera. An ugly god. My wife
cheated on me with Ares.
Hestia: goddess of heart and home. Zeus older sister.
Hades: god of the underworld. King of the dead.
Ares: god of war and battle, Son of Zeus and Hera. Merciless and bloody.
REFERENCES:
Script was arranged by Ms. Irene Castillo
https://greekgodsandgoddesses.net/
https://www.britannica.com/list/12-greek-gods-and-goddesses
https://www.infoplease.com/arts-entertainment/mythology/olympian-gods-and-
goddesses