Quiz No.

1 in PSM 1

Origins of Science and Philosophy in Ancient Times

General Instructions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer. Use only black or blue pen. No erasures.

1. He was considered as the greatest scientist of the classical age.

a. Heron of Alexandria b. Claudius Ptolemy c. Archimedes d. Aristotle
2. This contains astronomical treaties that was completed around 150 A.D.
a. Geographia b. Tetrabiblos c. Almagest d. Harmonics
3. Heron created the first steam engine and he named it ________.
a. Aeopile b. Aeolipe c. Aeoline d. None of these
4. He was the first to make a machine operated with a wind wheel.
a. Euclid b. Archimedes c. Heron of Alexandria d. Aristotle
5. It was built to protect the people of Syracuse from their enemies during the Punic War.
a. Archimedes Screw b. Wall of Syracuse c. Archimedes Principle d. None of these.
6. He stated that the earth is the center of the universe.
a. Heron of Alexandria b. Claudius Ptolemy c. Archimedes d. Aristotle
7. To whom Archimedes endeared himself that almost all of his discoveries and inventions were made as solutions
to his problems?
a. Phidas b. King Hiero II c. Pythagoras d. Hipparchus
8. The following are significant contributions of Heron of Alexandria except;
a. Creating artificial sounds c. Method of calculating square roots
b. War machines d. Laws of pulleys and levers
9. This contains seminal treaties on cartography in which also provided latitude and longitude coordinates of
numerous places.
a. Tetrabiblos b. Almagest c Harmonics d. Geographia
10. Almagest was originally entitled________.
a. Mathematical Treaties c. Astronomical Treaties
b. Treaties in Optics d. Philosophical Treaties
11. This was discovered by Archimedes while he was taking a bath.
a. Archimedes Principle b. Walls of Syracuse c. Archimedes Screw d. None of these
12. Heron of Alexandria was born on _______.
a. 10 A.D. b. 20 A.D. c. 100 A.D. d. None of these
13. These are significant contributions of Archimedes except;
a. Calculated the pi to the precise value c. Volume and surface area of spheres
b. Laws of pulleys and levers d. Method of calculating square roots.
14. A text on philosophy and practice of astrology. It also contains studies on the effects of astronomical cycles on
earthly matters.
a. Tetrabiblos b. Almagest c Harmonics d. Geographia
15. It was the brainchild of Heron.
a. Automatic Doors b. War machines c. Vending Machine d. Steam Engine
16. When was the first Chariot appeared?
a. 3100 B.C. b. 2900 B.C. c. 3200 B.C. d. 2800B.C.
17. The earliest plow is made of________.
a. Steel b. Wood c. Iron d. Plastic
18. They invented the sickle.
a. Babylonia b. Assyria c. Egypt d. Greek
19. They invented the concept of money.
a. Akkadian b. Babylonia c. Egypt d. Greek
20. They invented the first version of toothpaste.
a. Babylonia b. Assyria c. Egypt d. Greek
21. They were the first to produce beer.
a. Babylonia b. Akkadia c. Egypt d. Greek
22. They developed a code of law.
a. Sumerian b. Akkadia c. Assyrian d. Babylonian
23. Law number _______states that “If a man put out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out”
a. 169 b. 186 c. 196 d. 179
24. When was the first wheel believed to exist around in Mesopotamia?
a. 3500 B.C b. 3400 B.C c. 3600 B.C d. 3700B.C
25. It was not a sudden invention, but the gradual improvement of the earliest carriage.
a. Sailboat b. Wheel c. Plow d. Chariot
26. They made an astronomical calculation in the base 60 system.
a. Sumerian b. Akkadian c. Assyrian d. Babylonian
27. The clay map discovered in Mesopotamia illustrates the region of __________.
a. Sumerian b. Akkadian c. Assyrian d. Babylonian
28. The concept of zero was developed by __________.
a. Sumerian b. Akkadian c. Assyrian d. Babylonian
29. When was Rosetta stone found?
a. 1799 b. 1689 c. 1769 d. 1679
30. It was exported all around the Mediterranean and was widely used in the Roman Empire as well as the Byzantine
Empire.
a. Papyrus sheet b. Blank ink c. Shadoof d. Stylus
31. The Egyptians devised the solar calendar by recording the yearly reappearance of________ in the eastern sky.
a. Capricorn b. Leo c. Sirius d. Sagittarius
32. They were the first people on Earth to develop the concept of counting.
a. Sumerian b. Akkadian c. Assyria d. Babylonian
33. It is a long balancing pole with aweight on one end and a bucket on the other.
a. Shadoof b. Plough c. Ard d. Sailboat
34. They combined soot with a lead mineral called Galena to create a black ointment known as__________.
a. Ink b. Plough c. Kohl d. Lhok
35. The Edwin Smith Papyrus shows the Egyptian invented medical surgery. It describes _________ surgical cases
of injuries of the head, neck, shoulders, breast, and chest.
a. 51 b. 43 c. 48 d. 53
36. He was one of the first believers of Metempsychosis or the concept of Transmigration and Reincarnation of
human soul.
a. Thales of Miletus b. Pythagoras c. Euclid d. Aristotle
37. How many books were included in the Euclid's Elements?
a. 12 b. 13 c. 14 d. 15
38. The following are books that are included in the Euclid's Elements EXCEPT:
a. Incommensurable Line Segments c. The Platonic Solid
b. C. Solid Mensuration d. Numbers in Continued Proportion
39. Thales became one of Pythagoras' Teacher / mentor.
a. True b. False
40. This Ancient Philosopher thought that moon is a planet and he called it counter planet
a. Thales of Miletus b. Pythagoras c. Euclid d. Aristotle
41. He is the First Philosopher in his proclaim
a. Thales of Miletus b. Pythagoras c. Euclid d. Aristotle
42. This book served as one of the bases why Aristotle is considered as the Father of Formal Logic
a. On the Soul b. Prior Analytics c. Syllogism d. Analytical Logic
43. This group of Pythagoreans strictly follow the rules of Pythagoreanism such as being a vegetarian.
a. Akousmatikoi b. Mathematikoi c. Scientifikoi d. Colomatikoi
44. The following are books that are included in the Euclid's Elements EXCEPT:
a. Regular Polygons in Circles c. Areas and Volume
b. C. The Geometry of Quadrilaterals d. The Geometry of Circles
 45. Religions and Rituals are the purpose of these followers in entering Pythagoreanism
a. Akousmatikoi b. Mathematikoi c. Scientifikoi d. Colomatikoi
46. When Pythagoras met Thales, Thales was old enough to serve as his teacher; but, One of Thales’ students
became Pythagoras’ teacher whose principle about the origin of everything became his belief too.
a. Euclid b. Anaximenes c. Eratosthenes d. Anaximander
47. According to Apollordous of Athens, a scholar, Thales had a spouse and an only son.
a. True b. False c. Undefined d. Maybe
48. Aristotle has given a title of “ First Genuine Scientist “ by ____________?
a. Science Britannica b. Encyclopedia Britannica c. Wikipedia d. Britannica.com
49. Heron of Alexandria taught in the University of Alexandria.
a. True b. False

50. He has great contributions in the field of mechanics and hydrostatics.

a. Archimedes b. Pythagoras c. Euclid d. Aristotle

QUIZ #2
1. He instigated a system of education in Art and Theology and also in arithmetic geometry and astronomy.
a. Gerard of Cnemona
b. Alcuin of York
c. Thomas Aquinas
d. Roger Bacon

2. Norse Sailors used stars and few instruments to navigate the trackless Ocean to Iceland, Greenland and Vinland.
a. True
b. False
c. Maybe
d. None of the above

3. Who was the legendary founder of Rome?

a. Aenas
b. Romulus
c. Numitor
d. Remus

4. All of these Nations were conquered by the Romans except:

a) Greece
b) Egypt
c) Germany
d) Philippines

5. He learned Arabic so that they might complete their task in translating the knowledge from Arabic to Latin.
a. Francis Bacon
b. Gerard of Cremona
c. William of Ockham
d. Thomas Aquinas
6. The Patricians are the highest class in the society during the Ancient Romans’ time, the following are their
privileges except:
a. Political Power
b. Medical Privileges
c. Military Power
d. None of the above

7. In what year did the Roman Empire come to an end?

a. 1 500 CE
b. 476 AD
c. 19 CE
d. 521 AD

8. He tried to reestablish knowledge and cornerstone of medieval society.

a. Charlemagne
b. Johannes Gutenberg
c. Pope Gregory XIII
d. Marco Polo

9. This mixture of Silica, Aluminium and Iron Oxide cooked in the furnace of a volcano revolutionized the
architectural concrete.
a. Cement
b. Limestone
c. Pozzolona
d. Lava

10. Heat exhaustion was a major problem during fights in the Colloseum. As a solution, what technology did the
Romans used?
a. The umbrella was invented
b. An automatic series of metallic roof operated by steam engine was invented
c. A detachable roof made of plastic was used to cover the arena
d. A series of overlapping cloths connected by rope just like in sails is invented to cover the arena.

11. He proposed a compelling theory about the heliocentric rather than geocentric universe.
a. Thomas Bradwardine
b. Roger Bacon
c. Nicole Oresme
d. Thomas Aquinas
12. Medieval Society during AD 500 to 1000 is divided into two ages, Barbarism and Ignorance.
a. True
b. False
c. Maybe
d. None of the Above
13. He began to promote the dualistic Scientific method first proposed by Aristotle.
a. Plato
b. Pope Clement IV
c. Robert Grosseteste
d. Galileo Galilei
14. Found below the Colloseum
a. Hypogeum
b. Hypocaust
c. Two-level subterranean network of tunnels and 33 animal pens
d. Underground Zoo
15. Glass was invented in the Roman Empire.
a. True, it was invented in Rome
b. False, it was invented in Syria
16. What is the main used of double paned window?
a. To make the window more durable and long lasting.
b. To insulate the heat entering the building.
c. To make a sophisticated design of windows for the rich.
d. To regulate the temperature inside the building
17. Europeans translated many of the Ancient Greek texts into Arabic.
a. True
b. False
c. Maybe
d. None of the Above
18. A natural phenomena which killed over a third of Europeans in the growing urban areas.
a. Black Death
b. Earthquake
c. Volcanic Eruption
d. Typhoon
19. Hot room in the baths where slaves rub their masters’ body with perfumed oil.
a. Caldarium
b. Tepidarium
c. Frigidarium
20. The primary means of getting and delivering water for the Roman baths is through
a. Aqueduct
b. Natural Spring
c. Plumbus pipes
d. Falls
21. They accidentally laid the foundation of modern Chemistry.
a. Monks
b. Alchemists
c. Saxons
d. Persians
22. How does the Hypocaust works?
a. The water was heated by the central heating system similar to the ones Romans used in their homes.
b. The water was heated by the furnace below the baths and the steam escape through the sides of the
tepidarium.
c. The furnace is used to heat the hypocaust system below the baths where heat is gathered to increase
the temperature.
d. The Hypocaust system serves as the furnace to heat the tepidarium and the caldarium.
23. These are shared by both men and women and has a system of flashing.
a. Public Lavatory
b. Public Baths
c. Aqueducts
d. Fountains
24. Aqueducts got their name from these Latin words.
a. Aqua – water
b. Ductus – channel
c. Aqua for water and Ductus for canal
d. A and B
25. He petitioned the pope to promote the teaching of natural Science.
a. Roger Bacon
b. Robert Grosseteste
c. Galileo Galilei
d. Nicole Oresme
26. They were capable of exquisite metal work during early Middle Ages.
a. Vikings and Saxons
b. Norse Sailors
c. Muslims
d. Persians
27. One of the most famous fountains in Italy operated by aqueduct that is still working up to this day.
a. Friendly Fountain
b. Fendi Fountain
c. Trevi Fountain
d. Trendy Fountain

28. A scholastic Philosopher who said that faith (theology) and reason (Philosophy) should be regarded as
independent.
a. Charlemagne
b. Alcuin of York
c. Thomas Aquinas
d. William of Ockham
29. It is thought that over ________ people lost their lives and ________ wild animals were killed
throughout the duration of the Colloseum hosted people vs. beast games.
a. 9 000, 1 000 000
b. 900 000, 100 000
c. 500 000, 1 000 000
d. 50 000, 100 000
30. During Early Middle Ages, scholastic philosophers began to integrate scientific empiricism with
religion.
a. True
b. False
c. Maybe
d. None of the above
31. Medical care for the poor was almost non-existent, so the poor had to resort to _________.
a. Quack Doctors
b. Herbal Medicine
c. Spiritual Aid
d. Hospital

32. Greek physicians who practiced medicine and recorded their discoveries in the Roman Empire.
a. Galen and Hipparcus
b. Hipparcus and Dioscorides
c. Galen and Dioscorides
d. Discartes and Galen
33. Roman God of the heavens.
a. Jupiter
b. Uranus
c. Neptune
d. Saturn
34. The following are advantages of Roman Numerals compared to Indo-Arabic except.
a. Multiplication and Division is easier.
b. Addition and Subtraction is very easy.
c. Indo-Arabic numerals can be more easily mistaken than Roman numerals.
d. None of the above.

35. In the Roman Empire, at what age will a male start training for military?
a. 5
b. 6
c. 7
d. 10
36. Body protection made of Metal Plates overlapping with each other, connected by Leather straps.
a. Lorica Segmentata
b. Lorica Hamata
c. Testudo
d. Pilum
37. The gladius is used for
a. Slashing
b. Defense
c. Offense
d. Stabbing
 38. Worked like a fixed crossbow, and threw large javelins.
a. Pilum
b. Onager
c. Ballista
d. Gladius
39. Most of the Romans’ Technologies were adopted from earlier Greek science for their own advantage,
developing which was most useful.
a. True
b. False

40. He investigated Physics and his sophisticated study of kinematics and velocity predated Galileo’s work on falling
objects.

a. Thomas Bradwardine
b. Nicole Oresme
c. Roger Bacon
d. Charlemagne

GROUP 3
_____1.) It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the late medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe,
14th-16th Century.
a.) Age of Enlightenment c.) Industrialization
b.) Dark Ages d.) Renaissance
_____2.) It is a book of Vesalius which corrected 200 previously un-questioned theories.
a.) Astronomia Nova c.) De Humani Corporis Fabrica
b.) Harmonices Mundi d.) None of these
_____3.) Of which Descartes philosophy does he mention that mind can control the body and vice versa?
a.) Doubting c.) Moralism
b.) Dualism d.) Soul
_____4.) These are the Galilei’s Major contributions in Science, except
a.) The Case for Heliocentrism c.) Geometric and Military Compass
b.) Experiments in Motion d.) Improved Television
_____5.) Which of the following is considered as the most important work of David Hume in Philosophy?
a.) His book “A Treatise of Human Nature”
b.) His essays Moral and Political
c.) His idea that human knowledge is divided into two categories; Relation of Ideas and Matters of Fact
d.) His third book “Of Morals”
_____6.) Heinrich Kepler left his family when Johannes was how many years old?
a.) 6 years old c.) 7 years old
b.) 5 years old d.) 4 years old
_____7.) Johannes Kepler defended heliocentrism from both a theoretical and theological perspective, maintaining that
the Sun was the principal source of motive power in the universe.
a.) True b.) False
_____8.) De Re Metallica is a book cataloguing the state of art of mining, refining and smelting metals which starts the
field of Chemistry on the time of Renaissance.
a.) True b.) False
_____9.) He is considered as the father of modern philosophy because of his idea of combining Philosophy and
Mathematics.
a.) David Hume c.) Rene Descartes
b.) Francis Bacon d.) Queen Elizabeth
_____10.) He occupies a prominent place in the history of mathematics and in the history of philosophy for having
differential and integral calculus.
a.) Blaise Pascal c.) Gottfried Leibniz
b.) Christian Huygens d.) Rene Descartes

_____11.) Francis Bacon’s three (3) chief goal is to uncover the truth, serve his country and serve his church. What did
Bacon do to achieve these goals?
a.) He applied for the post of being an attorney-general
b.) He attempts to get a prestigious post in the government
c.) He introduced the deductive reasoning
d.) He opposed the Aristotelian philosophy and introduced the Baconian method
_____12.) David Hume turned his back to philosophy in his later life in favor to economics and his great love history.
What is the title of his research in history that gives him one great recognition?
a.) History of Italy c.) History of Italy
b.) History of Great Britain d.) History of Scotland
_____13.) He sent Copernicus to St. john’s School at Torun.
a.) Lucas Senrode c.) William Luke
b.) Leby Watzeneger d.) Lucas Watzenrode
_____14.) Galileo also studied _______________, a term encompassing fine art.
a.) Desigo c.) Disegno
b.) Design d.) Disenyo
_____15.) What is Rene Descartes famous dictum that means “I think therefore I am”
a.) Cogito ergo Sum
b.) Entities should not be multiplied unnecessarily
c.) One cannot step twice in the same river
d.) The unexamined life is not worth living
_____16.) In 1505, he invented the portable watch which made to be spring powered making it much smaller.
a.) Blaise Pascal c.) Sir John Harrington
b.) Peter Henlein d.) None of these
_____17.) Vesalius approved the common belief that men had one rib fewer than women and noted that the fibula and
tibia bones of the leg were indeed larger than the humerus bone of the arm.
a.) True b.) False
_____18.) Galileo Galilei became a chair of Mathematics in Pisa in what year?
a.) 1580 c.) 1586
b.) 1585 d.) 1589
_____19.) Robert Boyle invented the match in 1680, he discovered that when ________ and ________ are rubbed
together, they would burst into flame.
a.) Carbon and Sulfur c.) Carbon and Phosphorus
b.) Phosphorus and Sulfur d.) None of these
_____20.) At what age Vesalius died?
a.) 49 c.) 45
b.) 48 d.) 46
_____21.) Which of the following work of Descartes expresses the importance of relying on reasons and the use of
mental faculties to methodically work out the truths?
a.) Discours de la methode c.) Principia Philosophia
b.) Meditationes de prima philosophia d.) Regulae ad directionem ingenii
_____22.) A division of philosophy which states that “regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge”.
a.) Empiricism c.) Logic
b.) Epistemology d.) Rationalism
_____23.) When did David Hume revised his third book “of Morals”?
a.) 1711 c.) 1737
b.) 1734 d.) 1739
_____24.) He was born premature, sick and weak when he was a child.
a.) Andreas Vesalius c.) Galileo Galilei
b.) Johannes Kepler d.) Nicolaus Copernicus

_____25.) Who among the following philosophers of the Renaissance period is considered to be the Father of Scientific
Method?
a.) Aristotle c.) Francis Bacon
b.) David Hume d.) Rene Descartes
_____26.) According to David Hume, it is the division of human knowledge that involves mathematical and logical
proposition.
a.) Human Nature c.) Of the Passion
b.) Matters of Fact d.) Relation of ideas
_____27.) Enlightenment thinkers argued that reason could free human kind from superstition and religious
authoritarianism that had brought suffering and death to millions in religious wars.
a.) True b.) False
_____28.) It is Sir John Harrington’s invention which is a valve that when pulled would release water from a water closet
in 1589.
a.) Flush toilet c.) Musket
b.) Submarine d.) Match
_____29.) These are the Alma Maters of Nicolaus Copernicus, except ______?
a.) University of Padua c.) University of Ferrara
b.) University of Krokaw d.) University of Bologna
_____30.) He is well known for his mathematical work Cartesian Coordinate Plane.
a.) David Hume c.) Rene Descartes
b.) Francis Bacon d.) Queen Elizabeth
_____31.) Where did Francis Bacon meet Queen Elizabeth who called him “the Young Lord Keeper” because of his smart
intellect?
a.) Jesuit College c.) University of Strand
b.) University of Poitiers d.) Trinity College
_____32.) Who is the first master to skin many human bodies in order to investigate the muscles and to understand
them?
a.) Andreas Vesalius c.) Georgii Agricolae
b.) Antonio Pollaiuolo d.) Peter Henlein
_____33.) Who among the following philosophers of the Renaissance period died on August 25, 1776 due to cancer?
a.) David Hume c.) Galileo
b.) Francis Bacon d.) Rene Descartes
_____34.) Rene Descartes is also said to be inclined with music. Which of his following works support this fact?
a.) La Geometrie c.) Musicae Compendium
b.) Les Pa ssions de lame d.) Principia Philosophia
_____35.) Upon studying the optic nerve, Vesalius came to the conclusion that nerves were hollow.
a.) True b.) False
_____36.) Why did Francis Bacon escaped from the eye of public and indulge himself in study and writing?
a.) His political career is not successful c.) His work in scientific method failed
b.) His wife Alice ask for divorce d.) To pursue his chief goals
_____37.) A division of philosophy which states that learning is based on our observations and perception; knowledge is
not possible without experience.
a.) Empiricism c.) Rationalism
b.) Logic d.) None of these
_____38.) Deductive Methodology; Certainty
Inductive Methodology; ___________
a.) Conclusion c.) Probability
b.) Possibility d.) Reliability
_____39.) Johannes Kepler studied _________ and ___________ at University of Tubingen.
a.) Philosophy and Kinematics c.) Philosophy and Theology
b.) Philosophy and Arts d.) Theology and Optics
_____40.) It is based on experimentation and reason, questioned previously held truth and search for new answers
which does helped shape the enlightenment.
a.) Renaissance c.) Age of Reason
b.) Scientific Revolution d.) Dark Ages
_____41.) He was the most distinguished observer and documenter of the Great Comet of 1577.
a.) Johannes Kepler c.) Michael Maestlin
b.) Tycho Brahe d.) Nicolaus Copernicus
_____42.) This started what historians calls the scientific revolution.
a.) The discovery of Geocentric theory c.) The discovery of planet Uranus
b.) The discovery of Heliocentric theory d.) The publishing of the book Astronomica Nova
_____43.) It is the study of the composition of water, movement, growth, embodying and disembodying.
a.) Alchemy c.) Chemistry
b.) Epistemology d.) Physics
_____44.) The following are the main rationalists on the age of enlightenment, except
a. Renee Descartes c. Gottfried Leibniz
b. Baruch Spinoza d. David Hume
_____45.) He made the first reflecting telescope in 1668.
a.) Cornelius Drebbel c.) Sir John Harington
b.) Sir Isaac Newton d.) None of these
_____46.) Johannes Kepler’s work _______ is considered one of the most important book in astronomy.
a.) Epitome of Copernican Astronomy c.) Camera Obscurs
b.) Astronomia Nova d.) Oioptrice
_____47.) In 1587, when Galileo was studying medicine, he noticed a swinging chandelier which air current shifted
about to swing in larger and smaller arcs.
a.) True b.) False
_____48.) Cornelius Van Drebbel drew out the basic concept of Submarine over 100 years before it was invented.
a. True b. False
_____49.) Andreas Vesalius published this in 1538. This has the collection of labeled drawings.
a.) De Humani Corporis Fabrica c.) Tabulae Anatomicae Sex
b.) Institutiones Anatomicae d.) Vanesection
_____50.) The aim of this philosophy is to form a moral philosophy which were effective for functioning in the real
world.
a.) Dualism c.) Personalism
b.) Moralism d.) Truth