NEWSPAPER

INTRODUCTION:
A newspaper is a serial publication containing news about current events, other
informative articles (listed below) about politics, sports, arts, and so on, and advertising. A
newspaper is usually, but not exclusively, printed on relatively inexpensive, low-
grade paper such as newsprint. The journalism organizations that publish newspapers are
themselves often metonymically called newspapers. As of 2017, most newspapers are
now published online as well as in print. The online versions are called online newspapers or
news websites. Newspapers are typically published daily or weekly. News magazines are also
weekly, but they have a magazine format. General-interest newspapers typically publish news
articles and feature articles on national and international news as well as local news. The
news includes political events and personalities, business and finance, crime, weather, and
natural disasters; health and medicine, science, and computers and technology; sports;
and entertainment, society, food and cooking, clothing and home fashion, and the arts.

DEFINITION:
Newspapers typically meet four criteria:

Public accessibility: Its contents are reasonably accessible to the public, traditionally by the
paper being sold or distributed at newsstands, shops and libraries, and, since the 1990s, made
available over the Internet with online newspaper websites. While online newspapers have
increased access to newspapers by people with Internet access, people without Internet or
computer access (e.g., homeless people, impoverished people and people living in remote or
rural regions may not be able to access the Internet, and thus will not be able to read online
news). Literacy is also a factor which prevents people who cannot read from being able to
benefit from reading newspapers (paper or online).

Periodicity: They are published at regular intervals, typically daily or weekly. This ensures
that newspapers can provide information on newly-emerging news stories or events.

Currency: Its information is as up to date as its publication schedule allows. The degree of
up-to-date-ness of a print newspaper is limited by the need of time to print and distribute the
newspaper. In major cities, there may be a morning edition and a later edition of the same
day's paper, so that the later edition can incorporate breaking news that has occurred since the
morning edition was printed. Online newspapers can be updated as frequently as new
information becomes available, even a number of times per day, which means that online
editions can be very up-to-date.

Universality: Newspapers covers a range of topics, from political and business news to
updates on science and technology, arts, culture, and entertainment.
LTE (TELECOMMUNICATION)

INTRODUCTION:
In telecommunication, Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a standard for high-
speed wireless communication for mobile phones and data terminals, based on
the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA technologies. It increases the capacity and speed using a
different radio interface together with core network improvements. The standard is developed
by the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) and is specified in its Release 8 document
series, with minor enhancements described in Release 9. LTE is the upgrade path for carriers
with both GSM/UMTS networks and CDMA2000 networks. The different LTE frequencies
and bands used in different countries mean that only multi-band phones are able to use LTE
in all countries where it is supported.
LTE is commonly marketed as 4G LTE, but it does not meet the technical criteria of
a 4G wireless service, as specified in the 3GPP Release 8 and 9 document series, for LTE
Advanced. The requirements were originally set forth by the ITU-R organization in the IMT
Advanced specification. However, due to marketing pressures and the significant
advancements that WiMAX, Evolved High Speed Packet Access and LTE bring to the
original 3G technologies, ITU later decided that LTE together with the aforementioned
technologies can be called 4G technologies. The LTE Advanced standard formally satisfies
the ITU-R requirements to be considered IMT-Advanced. To differentiate LTE Advanced
and WiMAX-Advanced from current 4G technologies, ITU has defined them as "True 4G".

OVERVIEW:
LTE was first proposed by NTT DoCoMo of Japan in 2004, and studies on the new standard
officially commenced in 2005. In May 2007, the LTE/SAE Trial Initiative (LSTI) alliance was founded as
a global collaboration between vendors and operators with the goal of verifying and promoting the
new standard in order to ensure the global introduction of the technology as quickly as possible. The
LTE standard was finalized in December 2008, and the first publicly available LTE service was
launched by TeliaSonera in Oslo and Stockholm on December 14, 2009 as a data connection with a
USB modem. The LTE services were launched by major North American carriers as well, with the
Samsung SCH-r900 being the world’s first LTE Mobile phone starting on September 21, 2010 and
Samsung Galaxy Indulge being the world’s first LTE smartphone starting on February 10, 2011 both
offered by MetroPCS and HTC ThunderBolt offered by Verizon starting on March 17 being the second
LTE smartphone to be sold commercially. In Canada, Rogers Wireless was the first to launch LTE
network on July 7, 2011 offering the Sierra Wireless AirCard® 313U USB mobile broadband modem,
known as the "LTE Rocket™ stick" then followed closely by mobile devices from both HTC and
Samsung. Initially, CDMA operators planned to upgrade to rival standards called UMB and WiMAX,
but all the major CDMA operators (such as Verizon, Sprint and MetroPCS in the United
States, Bell and Telus in Canada, au by KDDI in Japan, SK Telecom in South Korea and China
Telecom/China Unicom in China) have announced that they intend to migrate to LTE after all. The
evolution of LTE is LTE
CATEGORIES:
While most newspapers are aimed at a broad spectrum of readers, usually geographically
defined, some focus on groups of readers defined more by their interests than their location:
for example, there are daily and weekly business newspapers (e.g., The Wall Street Journal)
and sports newspapers. More specialist still