PROBLEM STATEMENT :

Generate VLE ( y vs x) data for benzene – toluene mixture at P = 1 atm.

THEORY:
VApour Liquid Equilibrium describes the distribution of a chemical species between the vapour
and liquid phase. The concentration of the vapour in contact with its liquid especialy at its
equilibrium is often expressed in terms of vapour pressure .
The VLE concentration can be determined experimentally with the help of theories such as
Raoult’s Law, Dalton’s law and Henry’s law.
FLOWCHART :

START

INPUTS ARE
GIVEN

X_VAL AND 1-X_VAL

ARE CALCULATED
AND STORED IN A

FUNCTION FUNCTION
PV IS BUBBLE IS
CALLED CALLED

BUBBLE
POINT IS
CALCULATED

VAPOR
PRESSURE IS
CALCULATED

Y_VAL IS
CALCULATED

X VS Y is plotted.
MAIN PROGRAM:

%plot VLE x-y diagram

c_vec = [1 3] ; % benzene - water system

P = 101.3 ; % pressure in kPa
np = 20 ; % number of points

for i = 1:np
x_val = (i-1)/(np-1) ;
x(i) = x_val ;
x_vec = [x_val 1-x_val] ;
T_B = bblep(c_vec,x_vec,P); % bubble point
c_no = c_vec(1) ; % compound number of most volatile
compound
Pa_star = pv(c_no,T_B);
y_val= (Pa_star*x_val)/P ;
y(i) = y_val ;
end ;

figure(2)
plot(x,y,'g') ;
xlabel('x - liquid mole fraction' ) ;
ylabel('y - vapour mole fraction') ;
title('VLE diagram for benzene water system') ;
SOLUTION STEPS:
STEP 1 :
Inputs are given
C_vec=[1 3]
P = 101.3 kPa
Number of points = 20.
STEP2 :
Composition of x is calculated using
X_val = (i-1)/ (np-1)
1-X-val is calculated.
STEP 3:
X_val and 1-X_val was stored in x_vec.
STEP 4:
The function bubble is called and bubble point is calculated.
STEP 5:
The function pv is called and the vapor pressure is calculated.
STEP 6:
Composition of y is calculated using
Y_val = Pa* *x_val./P
STEP 7 :
The plot is made between x and y
X in x-axis ; y in y-axis.
RESULT:

The VLE diagram was plot for the benzene -water system.