‘Managing Editor: Jevin Lim Senior English Language Consultant: Lee Sow Ling [B.A. Hons, Dip Ed, M-Phil] Science Editor: Kerinier Chan English Editor: Shel Sweeney (MA, BA, BTeach) Senior Story Writer: Anita Sebastian Assessment questions from: Shing Lee Publishers Pte Ltd. Publisher: English Corner Publishing Pte Ltd Singapore: Block 1003 Bukit Merah Central #03-05 Inno Centre, Singapore 159836 Tel: (65) 6225 5770 Fax: (65) 6377 0890 Hotline: 9002 0322 (after office hours) Email: sales@englishcorner.sg Website: www.scienceadventures.sg OR www.englishcorner.sg. Hong Kong: GF Education (HK) Limited Mr Alan Lee Tel: +852 97351683 / +852 90712048 Email: alan@greenfieldbook.net All rights reserved. No part of this magazine may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permit No.: MICA (P) 123/08/2016 Printed in Singapore All papers used by English Corner Publishing from 2017 for Science Adventures magazine Levels 1, 2 and 3 are natural, recyclable products made from wood grown in well-managed forests. The manufacturing processes conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin, Editor’s Note: Shel Sweeney Welcome to SCIENCE ADVENTURES, an inspiring science magazine. Singapore's First and Best Home- grown Science Story in comic for young children. Packed with easy-to-read science stories and activities, SCIENCE ADVENTURES is specifically designed to Initiate learning of science. (Our SCIENCE ADVENTURES series uses stories and fun. activities to bring basic scientific concepts to children ina lively way that will feed their natural curiosity and develop a love of reading. Science is FUN and not just a subject taught in school! Anita Sebastian Anita is a local writer and graduate of Zoology from the National University of Singapore. Anita’s ranger Anne series of children’s books were launched at the Singapore Writers Festival. Meet Ranger Jack. Jack is a young zookeeper who loves taking care of the animals at the Zoo. His focus is on animals and conservation, ‘And his friend is Olivia, the young naturalist who loves the earth and treasures the nature round her. In every issue, Olivia will highlight one of the environmental issues that we are facing now. In this issue, read about birds that hum, You can write to Ranger Jack at Jack.AnimalWhisperer@ gmail.com and to Olivia at Olivia. YoungNaturalist@gmail. com. Both Jack and Olivia will reply to your questions as soon as they can. Your question may also appear inan issue of SCIENCE ADVENTURES. So remember to include your name and the name of your school.Concentsy “) Anipaal World ‘Diversity Scarlet Ibises QO. } Let's Do Experiments Yineractions A Picking Up fin Ice Cube — Gi. } Olivia Corner é, Birds That Hum $16) Creative Invention ) canes, a, The Stylish Charger oe 21) Material World ¥ Eneray 6, Gold Rosin! *26) The Science Giant ' Krowtedye\ a Inventor Of The Stethoscope 629) Science Quiz a, Making Sense Of Science ) Our Amazing Body ) systems Dandruff 38) Plant World ‘versity The Fale Plant on ‘\ Tell Me Why Oe, How Do Corals Form? ita The Earth And The Universes Genera’ A Singing Sand [ely Science Adventures Series Generar Wide-fued: The Seas nih cs—~ Animal World Diversity Be SB icc Wee \ Oo } \\ Wo Ek RN \ ) a | \ N N a) \/ S S J Oh, good! Finally, they i are hatching! Gal QA few weeks He's so later, two of different from the chicks look Nope! | the others... for food in don’t want ibis in our = the mangrove to get wet! family... swamp, but... Huh? I'm not eating that crab, its shell is very hard. Wake up, dear! It's time to eat. 3 “altricial: hatched in an undeveloped state and requirin: WA, carc.ard feeding by the parents" Se “independent: cble to look ofter themselves “colonies: animals of the same type living closely together Young scarlet ibises are “altricial birds. They need to be nursed by their parents until they learn to be fully “independent. Scarlet ibises live in *colonies which generally consist of about 30 birds, at times these colonies can swell to thousands. SAS 12 0.41 5be ' iggh! You must eat it! Crabs, Don't be have the nutrients that your angry, dear. body needs. Let him eat ‘ what he wants pee! We'll eat this! Ha, ha Mmm...this fish is soft. It's easy to chew. Mere The baby scarlet eae ibis is picky about See re Yikes! Shrimp food and only eats E = shells sting my fishes. Jaq] throat. | won't eat them “dull: lacking interest monotonous: unvaried, seperti 'yringeal: the vocal organ se az The cries of a scarlet ibis are “monotonous and “dull because the bird has no syrinx (voice box) or *syringeal muscles in its trachea (windpipe). SAS L2n0. 41 ‘The little scarlet > _ ee ibises grow up... f Y mm...our feathers ak )\ are changing colour as we grow! That is because you are picky about food, eating only fish. ) Boo, hoo...Dad, help mel I want to be a beautiful, bright, scarlet ibis. Huh? Why is my colour so different from my brothers? Humph! | hope Yes, Dad! he keeps his No more being picky Promise! promise! about food. You must eat crabs and shellfish. The scarlet ibis has a long pair of legs and long webbed toes making it impossible for it to get stuck in mud when it looks for food in swampy areas. When flying, ibises form a V-shape. This makes flying easier. They stretch out their neck and legs when they fly. WSL2 00.41 7The scarlet ibis is a medium-sized wading bird. As well as having a Jong, dark-grey bill and black-tipped wings, it is characterised by its red body. Even its legs and toes are red. Scarlet ibises feed on small fishes, molluscs and crustaceans in shallow waters. Scarlet ibises inhabit beaches, saltwater lakes, mangroves and swamps. They are particularly fond of inland swamps. Scarlet ibises are not bright red before they reach adulthood. As they grow up, they feed on large amounts of red shellfish and crabs. After eating astaxanthin (a chemical compound found in red shellfish and crabs) for a long time, the ibises turn scarlet.‘Angeline, there are lots of salt packs here! Huh? Why did Mum buy so much salt? Grandpa! You gave us a scare! SASL2n0, 41 Interactions Hmm... thought Mum kept cookies there. ) What are you q girls doing? eu 25x Let me scoop the salt} We didn’t it! for you. Salt is useful, dropped it you shouldn't waste it. be Use ul iS (( a et f © 5 waste ped of yo GQ) ») 4 ieae ‘Aha! | have an idea, . an experiment! why don't i cg We can use the salt Grandpa, we cook ind to pick up ice cubes. you're lying. some drumsticks with it? 1am not lying! Come on girls, I'll show you how. A few minutes later... a? Oh no, not another experiment! O 5 Now, shall we start? Salt is one of the most important substances for human survival and one of the most commonly- a used seasonings in cooking as well. Coed SAS 120.41 0First, we put some ice cubes in the Yes, Angeline. We put the string on the ice cubes. Do we put the string innext?_] Huh? How can you pick the ice cubes up with the string? They're not attached! J Sprinkle a little salt on the string dangled over the ice cubes. Now! We 3, 2, 1... 201 count to 20! Twenty seconds is over, Grandpa! In most parts of the world, “iodine is added jchenica slersent, to salt to prevent iodine deficiency. The salt ‘for growth that is mixed with iodine is called iodized salt. SASL2n0, 41When salt is sprinkled on ( the ice cube, it lowers the freezing point of the cube. As the ice begins to melt, the string is buried in the ice cube. why is the string attached to the ice cube’ The melted ice water dilutes the salt) — content and the freezing point of Ha, ha... Let’s the ice cube goes back to normal. do that again! > | 2) a So the ice cube freezes again and p the string is frozen into the ice. \ ‘Jacqueline, let's I'm going to have a competition take a nap The first ice cube to | in the living drop loses. room. You girls can play without me. Uggh! Those girls are at it again! Salt is mainly composed of sodium chloride, a compound which has a bacterial-killing function. SAS 120.41 2‘Salt has been a very important commodity throughout history. It is mainly produced from the evaporation of seawater and from salt mines. Salt has sodium chlorine in it. When sodium chlorine is dissolved in water, it creates a decontamination effect. Thus, to remove dirt from clothes, soak them in cold water with salt and wash them with warm water. Then, soak them in soapy water, heat them up and boil them. The dirt will finally be removed. SASL2 0.41 The National Research Institute of Singapore found a scientific use of salt. In making hard disks, adding salt can increase the data recording density of a hard disk to 3.3 terabits per square inch. And the storage space of the hard disk can be increased by 6 times.hibernation: an extended period of inactivity iridescent: bright, shining colours that seem to change when seen from different angles ‘metabolic rate: the rate at which chemicals are processed ina living organism ‘radiant: shining torpor: a state of inactivity Hummingbirds are the tiniest birds in the world. They are about 8.5cm long and weigh between 2 and 20 grams. Some are so small that they have been caught by dragonflies and praying mantises! ‘SASLZ no. 41 These small birds are called hummingbirds because of the sound created by their fast-beating wings. They can flap their wings about 50 times per second and even reach up to 200 times per second.Hummingbirds have a high “metabolic rate and use a lot of energy while flying. They need to eat about twice their body-weight in food every day. To do this, they visit hundreds of flowers each day to find nectar. Hummingbirds are brightly coloured. The “radiant colours come from “iridescent colouring, like what you might see on a soap bubble. Hummingbirds also have the ability to hide these colours when needed. Hummingbirds can hover, fly ) forwards and backwards, and even upside down! The wings can even rotate in a full circle. To save energy, they spend most of the day sitting. To save energy at night, many hummingbirds go into “torpor. a type of “hibernation.Creative Invention | Knowledge, A WW think oe here. Do you cs J (POSES Ae Be gee re OS Wie IF | HEN ’s that? 2 a y | L nott iM / ; vat‘Ohno, my That doesn’t VY Dicky. give yt) | phone has matter. ve aw re | me your gone flat 9 Huh? What is it? mobile phone. that will help. \ (4 ' Open the clasp of the My bracelet! It's bracelet and you'll see the my QBracelet. It's charging port. Insert it actually a charger. your phone to start charging (all AIF Tig Wow, Deloitte! You always have something in hand! Thank YOU... aay way out of here! yo [S oe Great! Now you can power up your phone... The QBracelet, designed by QDesigns in ms New York, is a stylish bracelet. It is also a high-tech charger that can juice up your electronic device > I discreetly. ~~ SASL2 00. 41 uThe QBracelet doesn't store much electricity. It only provides asmall amount of electricity to help in emergencies. ‘So how long does the bracelet hold its charge? The battery nas) a standby life of 30 days. It can | take up to60 ff minutes to fully recharge your alee eq Is the heavy’ oan Ls dC It looks heavy. ‘Yay, now we can find our way out with the map sotware! dl The QBracelet only weighs about 40 to 50 grams. It looks fashionable and feels like a piece of jewellery. Your phone is charged now! The QBracelet uses a lithium-ion battery with a capacity of 1160mAn. The battery can provide a device with about 60 per cent of its electricity. 7 SAS 120.41 1" —\ C a ‘Yeah! Let's get going before Henry's parents We should turn left here... a > Hey, boys! You are finally back! Why are you running? ye] We were lost in the jungle. | (Started running... Dad! Was that you? & CM SAA > 2 (Looking for us... _S} t~> i Uh, oh! He =) 0 \ looks angry... TZ mo mS The QBracelet is waterproof. It can be worn anywhere, anytime. dy y SASL2n0, 41 9 Hoo, hoo... We heard Hoo, hoo...it was only Foo, hoo. : : a strange noise...and me! | went looking forThe QBracelet comes in five colours: gold, matte silver, matte black, silver and black. QDesigns has launched three sizes of QBracelet: large, medium and small. This makes the bracelet very lightweight and durable. The bracelet is designed for men and women. The Bracelet has two USB ports that are compatible with iphones and most Android devices.Backstage: Amy and Kent are getting ready for their performances... Oh, Kent, I'm 6 veil iimeo ‘Amy, you need to keep your cool so you can play well. The bow will slip easily and the music won’t sound right when I play my violin. SAS 20.41 a Yes, keep cool! We'd better apply some rosin to our bow hair now. Your performance is after mine... Yes! Huh? Oh, no! I’ve lost my rosin! Thanks, but | must use my rosin, it is mixed with gold powder. | have to find it!- My performance is Amy, are you ready? after Amy’s and | still You are next? WF haven't found my 4 rosin. What will | do? s! | am ready, iss Wendy! Huh? Why do you have totes? anxious about this performance... forgot I'd given it to you. ( Phew! I must be remembered q Z, | in time... Now, You asked me to “break a leg hold it for you | put it in my pocket and forgot | had it. “break a leg: something that Rosin is a “transparent, “brittle, Pare log, someting et solid and natural kind of resin. Kock especialy Before they It is made up of different resin perform in the theatre ‘acide’ {brite hard, but easily “transparent: see through SAS L2 no. 41 2Kent, are you ready?) My special gold rosin will make the bo You are next. hair sticky. | will make pleasant sounds when | play my violin Yes, Miss Wendy! | am definitely ready! Yes! He may become the next Oil from the trunk of a pine tree melts into a liquid after being heated at high temperatures. When it dries up, it becomes a solid called rosin. *Maxim Vengerov: the most incredible violinist of the early 1990s SAS 12 0.41 aManufacturers add metals to rosin, such as gold or lead powder. This changes the properties of the rosin. So the string sounds change as well. Rosin is a sticky substance. Ballet dancers use rosin to prevent slipping. Applying rosin to their shoe soles increases friction. SAS 12. 41 Kent, your Thanks! My rosin performance |! mixed with gold was excellent! |! powder helped! Really? There's rosin mixed with gold powder? So a bow with gold rosin makes different tunes than a bow with regular rosin I'd better get a rosin mixed with gold powder for my next 4/ Rosin is *soluble and ‘volatile. After being *volatilized, it can be quickly condensed into a solid and transparent film that can help artists protect their paintings from being scratched. SASL2n0, 41 Rosin mixed with linseed oil, calcium carbonate, charcoal and pigments can be used to make carpet tiles. In welding, rosin is used as a scaling powder to remove welding ‘flux and “oxide on the surface of a welded object and to clean the surface. Rosin is neutral and does not “corrode circuit elements or welding heads. ws wear away slowly a substance used for helping to melt or joinmetals ‘oxide: a compound of oxygen and another substance ‘soluble: being dissolved in. liquid wolatle: easily evaporated Vvolatilized: to become volatile 2Bithe [Science Giant) 3.4 Inventor Of The Stethoscope She could have some sort of heart disease. | cannot be certain... if only | could listen to her heartbeat. to put my ear to her chest to listen to her heartbeat. » 4 = heart attack. But... [-——] FE i KS No! You cannot do that! ear against your chest to listen to your heartbeat. 24a “palpitations: make you feel like your heart is beating too hard or too fast “Eege” *trappropriate: not Suitable or proper in the circumstances SAS 120.41 %Yes, of course, ij | | won't do that. ih Hmm... What can Don't worry, | will figure out something... to the clinic tomorrow. | A few days earlier, Dr Laennec and his niece were walking at the Louvre Square and he saw some children playing around a tree... could work to hear a heartbeat! Can you hear anything? Nurse Joan, can you please get me a thick piece of paper? SASL2n0, 41 a | do to listen toa heartbeat? Yes! | can hear you hitting the tree. The sound is getting louder.Miss Jenny, now | know what the matter is with your heart. It is nothing serious. I'll write you a prescription. Dr Laennec went to a carpenter... No problem, Doc! Just leave it to me! Jim, can you make for me a What do you want this wooden pins tor? Yes. A hollow wooden pipe can focus on the heartbeat sounds of the human body. BD Wow, Doc! I didn’t realise that! Great, you have invented a listening device. The invention of the stethoscope enabled Rene Laennec to diagnose many different diseases. He became known as ‘the father of chest medicine”. “prescription; amedicine ar irug that a doctor officially +ellS someone to use. From this moment | imagined that the circumstance might furnish means for enabling us to ascertain the character, not only of the action of the heart, but of every species of sound produced by the motion of all the thoracic viscera, and, consequently, for the exploration of the respiration, the voice, the rhonchus (the sound of air flowing through diseased air passages), and perhaps even the fluctuation of fluid extravasated (leaked) in the pleura (sack around the lungs) or the pericardium (sack around the heart). SAS L241 a"Science Quiz Wichtig Sense OF Seance Look at the horseshoe magnet below, then answer questions | and 2. a 1. Ifthe magnet is placed in a box of paperclips, which part of the magnet will attract the most number of paperclips? (A Q)B a) Cc (4) D Answer() 2, Which part of the magnet has the weakest magnetic force? (A (2) B 3) Cc (4) D Answer ( ) 3. The green leaves of plants make food. They can do so when there is enough (A) air (B) sunlight (C) water (D) minerals (1) None of the above (2) All of the above (3) A. Band C only (4) A, Cand D only Answer() ” AS12041 Copyright © Shingle Pubichers‘The diagram below shows a plant and the parts of its system. Use it to answer questions 4 and 5. 4. The arrows P show the movement of (1) food (2) water (3) sunlight (4) soil 5. The arrows Q show the movement of (1) food (2) water (3) sunlight (4) minerals 6. Which of the following shows the correct order of growth? (1) Fruit + Flower ——+ Petals dropping > Bud (2) Fruit + Petals dropping > Flower > Bud (3) Bud + Flower + Petals dropping ——» Fruit (4) Bud » Petals dropping » Flower ——» Fruit SAS 20.41 x” Answer (—) Answer (—) Answer (+) Copyright © Shingles Publhers7. Study the three animals below. Which one of the following characteristics is common to all three? (1) They have scales for body covering (2) They have wings (3) They are mammals. (4) They live both on land and in water. Answer( —) 8. Which of the following is a source of light? Moon Star Mirror | () Aonly (2) Aand E only (3) A, Cand E only (4) A,B,C, Dand E Answer(—) oe Qe SAS 20.41 a Copyright © Shingle Pubichers9. Which one of the following statements is true? (1) All living things eat plants. (2) All living things can make food. (3) Humans obtain food from plants only. (4) Animals get energy from the food they eat. Answer ( ) 10. Which one of the following comparisons is wrong? | (1)_| Presence of wings No Yes 2) | Number of legs Many 6 3) Moulting Yes No 4) | Eating habit Anything Anything Characteristic Nymph Cockroach Adult Cockroach Answer() 11. Which one of the following expands the most when heated? (1) Tron (2) Silver (3) Oxygen (4) Pure water Answer(—) 12. What do green plants need to make food? A: Sunlight B: Oxygen C: Sugar D: Carbon dioxide (1) Aand B only (2) Aand D only (3) Band C only (4) C and D only Answer() Mz WU Wot 6 (98 Wz 9 (Ws ( F (e) € (WTC) I :soEmsuy “ 2 SAS 20.41 Copyright © Shingle Publishersix aK y H hdl jason rodTH] You should visit the medical room and have the school nurse check your scalp, Eddie. Oh! But my scalp is very Great idea, Ethan! Let's go to the medical room, now! Hi, kids! Isn’t x 1 it time to go home? Why fe & Aa ec Nurse Nancy, Eddie seems to have is it? Eddie, let a hair raising problem. His scalp is me have a look itchy and flaking “excessively. at your scalp. an’ ~~ s Gh no, is this | || \ going to hurt? excessively: more Visible dandruff is a skin disease that is caused teen comes by Malassezia. Malassezia is a yeast-like fungus on human skin that feeds on “sebum. When it grows in great numbers, it can cause dandruff. "sebum: fatty substance that coats the surface of skin SAS 120.41 uHmm... You don't have inflamed scalp condition, but your scalp is a bit too oily. Don't be afraid, it is not going to hurt. I'm only looking at your scalp. Boo...hoo... but I wash my hair | -{ Dandruff might be caused | _] by scalp inflammation or... psychological issues. Since you don't have an inflamed condition, |& it must be a psychological issue. Dandruff is the shedding of dead skin cells from the scalp. Under normal circumstances, it doesn’t fall off very often and is not obviously visible. When the scalp gets irritated, immature skin cells reproduce, clump into flakes and fall off. Then dandruff becomes more obvious. WSL2 00.41 %Stress can cause you to sleep less, irritate your scalp and make — ‘At your age, | could be study Ayeast-like fungus (malassezia), lives on the scalp of most adults. In some cases, the yeast starts to feed on the excess oil and dead skin cells on the scalp... Nurse Nancy, that sounds serious... What should | do? \ ...causing the skin cells to shed more frequently and clump into flakes or dandruff. Don't worry. As long as you live a healthy lifestyle and wash your hair with antidandruff shampoo, you'll be okay. When dandruff appears accompanied by scalp inflammation and other symptoms like scalp itching, it has to be treated quickly in order to prevent the hair follicles from being harmed, causing possible permanent hair loss. SAS 120.41 %Do Not Wash Your Hair Too Frequently Shampoo contains chemicals. Shampooing too often can stimulate the scalp, dry out your hair and cause the formation of dandruff. Brush Your Hair After Washing It Brushing your hair helps distribute the natural oil secreted by your scalp. Start at your scalp and brush outward, that's how you distribute the oil. SASZn0, 41 Using Shampoo Correctly When washing your hair, you should et the shampoo sit on your hair and scalp for at least five minutes before you rinse your hair. It will work better this way. WW i Vash Your Hair With Warm Water If the water is too hot, it can stimulation the secretion of oil, causing your hair to be oilier. If the water is too cold, it will contract your pores, making it impossible for the dirt inside to be completely cleaned. Thus, you should wash your hair with moderate-temperature water. aPlant World Diversity | The Pale The Science Adventures Club are on a camping trip... Mr Hilton, we are going to take a walk up the hill... els Carol, is this the correct path to the top? Carol! Are you sure this path leads to thea= | checked the path this What? You afternoon... It did lead to are not sure! ¢ the hilltop. Now there’s Why have ae \ D something...not right...) you stopped? a Mark,be 4 careful on that \ slope! The Indian pipe blooms from spring to summer. The first two months are the flowering period and the last three months are the fruit-bearing period. ASL2 00.41 ”Mark, are you alright? l Don’t move! We'll 7 find a way down I'm okay... but I'm all bumped up from the roll down the slope. It looks like some kind of mushroom. but it's white all over and has a weird shape... over and have a look at this, interesting looking plant. Indian pipes grow at altitudes of between 1,500 and 2,500 metres and are often found in “conifer forests “conifer forests: evergreen ‘trees or shrubs, including the pine SAS 12. 41Ijust saw something ¥ shining, | thought they were mushrooms. it's a *herbaceous plant. Some people call it “corpse plant’ or “ghost plant” because it lives on the nutrients produced by “fungal ‘decomposition. Indian pipes grow best in humid climates where there is “humus. It is hard for them to survive in artificial environments. SASL2n0, 41 What is this pipe? It looks interesting... They're not mushrooms! Mr Hilton told me about the Indian pipe...he would be excited to know that we found it! Let's go back to camp to tell him! Huh? Get back? How? Where are "decomposition: when something (plants and the bodies of dead animals) is slowly destroyed and broken down by natural processes ‘fungal: caused by a fungus herbaceous: a type of plant that hos a soft stem humid: having a lot of moisture in the air ‘humus: a brown or black material in soil that is: formed when plants and animals decay aThe Indian pipe is 2 Pyrolaceae plant that has no *chlorophyll at all It is a semi “saprophyte that cannot conduct ‘photosynthesis. The Indian pipe looks like the shape of a pipe, with a head that droops slightly. It grows singularly on top of a plant and emits attractive white light in the dark. Most Indian pipes grow in clusters and rarely grow alone. They are a “monoecious plant that is about 10 to 15 centimetres in height. When the Indian pipe fruit ripens, it splits into five valves that have many seeds inside. The seeds are extremely tiny and hardly have any nutrients. Itis almost impossible for them to germinate in an artificial environment. = eeeeeeee ee = oo en 1 loro |: the green pigment found in mo: hotosynthesis: the process by which green gal rrr Mercorinen osmosis tenants mneccous:aplant having the stamensord carbon dhoxdeand water ‘the pistils in separate flowers on the same plant “sa ‘@ microorganism that lives o eo Sen the seme plant eer decaying gente matter ay SSIS 12 no of = >Tell Me Why) ‘xrswicize) How Do Corals Don’t you love the beach, Jayden! It so nice here! Be careful. Don’t go too far! =. Jorden, look...there’s a boat. Where do you think it came from? i @4 3) Q ym SS Qe" Wow! The coral reef was so beautiful! | don’t care, Jayden. Are you coming for a swim? to must thank our guide {I for taking SASL2n0, 41Excuse me, sir. Are you a guide? Kate, | didn't know there was a coral reef nearby! ‘Apparently there's a coral reef nearby. Can you take us there? Hey, boys! Jayden, Jorden! Come out now! You will first have to take a basic snorkelling lesson before we go in the water. ~ >» ~~ Most people mistake corals for *coelenterate: a type of sea plants or reefs at the bottom —_ before! don’t have to climb up!Ha, ha, ha! That's the singing sand... It is something unique about the Sounding Sand Bay. RQ Sh Get ready to Hmm... but it’s just ASAE C | hear a miracle! sand sliding! What's Ae Gy miracle about that? neoy Te OM, | ft PA AS SD BA Ahhh! Bombers are coming! y YR es ¥S| RS LN [7 Are you ready for a 6 symphony of sounds? y &, Singing sand makes sounds like beating drums, blowing horns or thunder. When people slide down the sand dune it creates a symphony of sounds. The whole sandhill is like a vast echo wall. p> s Yay! Let’s go ( sandboarding! Ready! Three, ‘Some sand dunes can make humming sounds for up to 15 minutes. The sounds made by the sand can be heard from 10 kilometres away. SAS 12 0.41 "Wow! Dad, did you hear it? rumbling like thunder! Mr Alex, there is really Yes! Scientists have even something been studying the causes miraculous of the sounds, but that about this remains a mystery. These singing sand dunes are really exciting! Thank you, Mr Alex, for a wonderful The sound frequencies made by singing sand are between 65 and 120 hertz. The sounds can reach up to 110 decibels. SAS 120.41 a”CreScent Lake The sand dunes at the Crescent Lake in China are formed by an accumulation of yellow sand. When a high wind blows up, the sand makes very loud sounds. When a breeze blows, there are musical sounds. SASiLZ 0. 47 Isle of Eigg When people walk on the sand dunes on the Isle of Eigg, Scotland, the rolling of sand grains can make sharp, loud sounds that are similar to those made by the silk strings pulled tightly by fingers. Kauai Island When people walk on sand dunes in Kauai Island, Hawail, America, the sand makes dog barking sounds. If they run quickly on the sand dune, they hear thunder-like sounds.See Ge Ha, ha. Caught you! Today is m) day! | caught my food Arrgh! Something happening to me! What is it? S = g SAS L2n0. 41 2Phew! We’re out of the monster’s Oh, no! Seawater is seeping into the craft! Aha! Got it! My Phew! With this space watch has a helmet, I'll be safe} Wide-Eyed! What about us? Do you want us to drown?, Don't worry. I have something for all of us! outside while the flying saucer repairs itself. (Our oxygen will only last for two hours. Don’t move around too| much or it'll be used up Kaka, come and have _ some fun!gg, |_| Leopard Moray Eel. Oh, look, bs) We2e (On, no! | fs =| something is coming out of it! }/ Dixie can't move! « Let's go and take a look! “on p) P Yes! Even tinier than us. These are small fish living in coral reefs. They don't grow any bigger. Ha, ha... eo: i v : We are small... but adorable. | Yes! They do a a look adorable! JERS : re SRS Hey, what's going on there?Leopard Moray Eel defeated! By a group of kids. That eel always bullied us! Now he has been disabled!‘Wow! Why are they being so nice to us? Ha, ha...1 didn’t do anything to defeat the PXSWS Leopard Moray Eel. kN iS My little hero... Cp Can we goa Bhs yey _ here we go... little faster? A) Nn > like some 2 \ excitement! AS \ J; *- 9( Oh...oh, please | 2) go slower... am afraid!*Comrades! Look! Food is being delivered to us! Wait! Let them get closer! Ss Then we'll make our move! @ To be continued.a ae) SNe Leopard moray eels are = distributed in tropical to subtropical warm waters. They have sharp teeth and are ferocious by nature. They fear nothing. Sergeant majors are found in the Red Sea, Indian Ocean and Threadfin butterflyfish central Pacific are found in the Ocean. The sergeant Indian Ocean and ho major has seven dark Pacific region. They JP bands across the sides have a pointed snout |S of its body. and black bands running across their Blue green damselfish are distributed in the tropical western Pacific Ocean. They have a blue-green body, a lighter coloured abdomen and a forked tail Moorish idols are distributed in Indonesia and the western waters of Australia. This fish is flat-bodied and has a protruding, beak-like mouth. Golden damselfish are found in waters around Australia and in the western Pacific Ocean. During the breeding season, the female fish lay eggs and the male fish keep watch over the eggs until they hatch Humbug damselfish are distributed from Sumatra to the southern Ryukyu Islands and the waters of New Caledonia. This fish has a body that is white with three broad, vertical bands on it.The mangalica is a Hungarian breed of pig. It is an unmodified, lard-type pig that is a hybrid of a wild boar and a domestic pig. The mangalica is large and round and has the thickest fat in the world. Its fat takes up 70 per cent of its total body weight. This pig is easy to raise and is usually fed with wild forage or potatoes and pumpkins. The mangalica ha: curly hair all over its‘ body. It looks like a sheep and is as gentle as a lamb. Gard Be a ete ca ree ee rd > ean Enews Pe ee etree igre) Tee) li 0 Ca ee) www.scienceadventures.sg l i Ane Cee ra