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Resit Matelir
Resit Matelir
The pressure vessel specification will include both the highest and the lowest
temperatures to which the vessel shell is exposed. Since steel properties change as
the metal becomes colder, the vessel will be stamped for an MDMT[7] of -20 °F
unless the user requires lower. Customarily, the metal thickness is driven by the
code requirements relating to visual inspection. Thinner metal can be used,
providing the welds are radiographed. This saves cost when the metal is not SA516
but stainless steel or a refractory alloy.
Doors
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There are several types of fast-opening doors commonly used. The simplest and most
primitive type of door, a bolted plate or flanged cap on some sort of hinge, is no
longer considered even minimally acceptable for production autoclaves because it is
anything but quick in opening and closing. For vessels up to four feet in diameter
and rated at not much over 125 psi, a hinged semi-elliptical door secured by lever-
operated cam-locking T-bolts works essentially as quickly and as easily as the more
commonly used rotating locking ring door. This door design uses up to a dozen or so
latching T-bolts on the door hub (see photos), the stationary part fitted to the
cylindrical vessel itself, which engage matching lugs welded to the door. When the
operating levers are rotated over center, the T-bolts draw the lugs closer and seal
the door by means of an O-ring gasket.
This type is intrinsically safe, since opening the cam-locks under pressure
releases the door seal and depressurizes the vessel. In fact, the ASME code does
not require interlocks or mechanical pressure indicating devices on such doors.
Even when opened, the cam-lock does not allow the bolt to disengage from the
latching lug if there is any pressure against the door. Since it is mounted at a
small angle to the lug, the bolt cannot be swung outward away from the engaging lug
on the door if there is any pull on it.
These doors are comparatively simple and economical,[9] well suited for smaller
autoclaves. This design is limited to four foot diameters and about 125 psi because
of the limited real estate available on the door for the cam-locks and the
deflection of the door when the locks are too far apart.
Autoclaves over four feet in diameter or those rated at higher pressures generally
use the rotating locking ring door, also called a breech lock door. This door can
be designed for any size and pressure. Both the hub and the door itself are
generally non-rotating. The hub is welded to the vessel and the door moves on
hinges that align it with the hub as it closes.