Project Report

On
Private Cloud using VMware WorkStation

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

APEX INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY

Submitted By: Submitted To:

Shatbh Ghabroo(16BCS7176) Asst. Prof. Mrs Amanpreet
Harsh Choudhary(16BCS7174)

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY
GHARUAN, MOHALI, PUNJAB, INDIA-140413
 Acknowledgement
If words are considered as a symbol of approval and token of appreciation then let the words
play the heralding role expressing my gratitude.
The satisfaction that accompanies that the successful completion of any task would be
incomplete without the mention of people whose ceaseless cooperation made it
possible, whose constant guidance and encouragement crown all efforts with success. We
are grateful to our project guide
Thank’s for the guidance, inspiration and constructive suggestions that helped us in the
preparation of this project. We also thank our colleagues who have helped in successful
completion of the project.
 Abstract
Cloud computing has opened new horizons for organisation to meet increasing demand of
computing and storage resources without huge upfront investment. Public and private Cloud
infrastructures are two of the most common deployment models. Whilst public clouds led the
trend of Cloud computing adoption, there is an increasing trend to build and manage private
cloud infrastructures for several reasons with security, privacy, and data location
management being the predominant concerns. However, there is not much guidance on
building, operating, trouble-shooting, and managing a secure and scalable private cloud
infrastructure, especially for public agencies.Private Cloud storage is also called as internal
cloud. Since storage capacity is doubling every year organizations are moving to Cloud
.Mostly 60 percent of IT industries have moved to private cloud a study says. Private cloud is
mainly used for Infrastructure as a service where organization use mainly for developing
their application and use public cloud for testing which leads to next step called hybrid cloud.
Cloud computing is an increasingly popular paradigm for accessing computing resources. In
practice, cloud service providers tend to offer services that can be grouped into three
categories: software as a service, platform as a service, and infrastructure as a service. This
paper discuss the characteristics and benefits of private cloud computing. It proceeds to
discuss the private cloud characteristics and formation as well as implementation. This paper
aims to provide a means of understanding and investigating Private cloud... This paper also
outlines the responsibilities of private cloud provider and the facilities to consumer.
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the work embodied in this project entitled “Private Cloud using Vmware
Workstation” being submitted by “ Sharbh Ghabroo” (16BCS7176 ) , Harsh Choudhary
(16BCS7174) for partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of “ Bachelor of
Engineering in Computer Science & Engineering ” discipline to “ Chandigarh University ”
during the academic year 2018 is a record of bona fide piece of work, carried out by him under
my supervision and guidance in the “ Department of Computer Science & Engineering ”,
Chandigarh University.
 DECLARATION

I, student of Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science & Engineering discipline, session:

2016-2020, Chandigarh University, here by declare that the work presented in this report
entitled “Private cloud using VMware Workstation” is the outcome of our own work, is bona
fide and correct to the best of our knowledge and this work has been carried out taking care of
Engineering Ethics. The work presented does not infringe any patented work and has not been
submitted to any other university or anywhere else for the award of any degree or any
professional diploma.
 Table of Contents

1. Introduction

2. Background

3. Result and Discussion

4. Screenshots

5. Hardware / Software Requirement

6. Conclusion

7. Approached result and conclusion

8. Application and future work

9. Reference
 Introduction
Cloud computing is shared pools of configurable computer system resources and higher-level
services that can be rapidly provisioned with minimal management effort, often over the Internet.
Cloud computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve coherence and economies of scale,
similar to a public utility. The goal of cloud computing is to allow users to take benefit from all
of these technologies, without the need for deep knowledge about or expertise with each one of
them. The cloud aims to cut costs, and helps the users focus on their core business instead of
being impeded by IT obstacles. The main enabling technology for cloud computing
is virtualization. Virtualization software separates a physical computing device into one or more
"virtual" devices, each of which can be easily used and managed to perform computing tasks.
With operating system–level virtualization essentially creating a scalable system of multiple
independent computing devices, idle computing resources can be allocated and used more
efficiently. Virtualization provides the agility required to speed up IT operations, and reduces
cost by increasing infrastructure utilization. Autonomic computing automates the process
through which the user can provision resources on-demand. By minimizing user involvement,
automation speeds up the process, reduces labor costs and reduces the possibility of human
errors.

Private cloud refers to a model of cloud computing where IT services are provisioned over
private IT infrastructure for the dedicated use of a single organization. A private cloud is usually
managed via internal resources.
The terms private cloud and virtual private cloud (VPC) are often used interchangeably.
Technically speaking, a VPC is a private cloud using a third-party cloud provider's infrastructure,
while a private cloud is implemented over internal infrastructure.
 Background
Private cloud is a type of cloud computing that delivers similar advantages to public cloud,
including scalability and self-service, but through a proprietary architecture. Unlike public
clouds, which deliver services to multiple organizations, a private cloud is dedicated to the needs
and goals of a single organization. As a result, private cloud is best for businesses with dynamic
or unpredictable computing needs that require direct control over their environments, typically to
meet security, business governance or regulatory compliance requirements.

VMware Workstation is a hosted hypervisor that runs on x64 versions of Windows and Linux
operating systems (an x86version of earlier releases was available); it enables users to set
up virtual machines (VMs) on a single physical machine, and use them simultaneously along
with the actual machine. Each virtual machine can execute its own operating system, including
versions of Microsoft Windows, Linux, BSD, and MS-DOS. VMware Workstation is developed
and sold by VMware, Inc., a division of Dell Technologies. There is a free-of-charge version,
VMware Workstation Player, for non-commercial use. An operating systems license is needed to
use proprietary ones such as Windows. Ready-made Linux VMs set up for different purposes are
available from several sources.
VMware Workstation supports bridging existing host network adapters and sharing physical disk
drives and USB devices with a virtual machine. It can simulate disk drives; an ISO image file
can be mounted as a virtual optical disc drive, and virtual hard disk drives are implemented
as .vmdk files.
VMware Workstation Pro can save the state of a virtual machine (a "snapshot") at any instant.
These snapshots can later be restored, effectively returning the virtual machine to the saved
state, as it was and free from any post-snapshot damage to the VM.
VMware Workstation allows for the installation of multiple instances of different operating
systems, including client and server operating systems. It helps the network or system
administrators to check, test and verify the client server environment. Administrator can also
switch between different virtual machines at same time.

VMware Workstation has its limitations, including hardware support, operating system issues,
and network protocols hurdles.

Virtualization is often used to host virtual Web servers, so I assume that the server will need to
be on the public Internet. Port forwarding and gateway appliances (like a Netscaler) can be
limiting, especially if you want to share ports 80 and 443 to multiple virtual Web servers, and not
every shop can afford an appliance like a Netscaler.

VMware ESXi (formerly ESX) is an enterprise-class, type-1 hypervisor developed

by VMware for deploying and serving virtual computers. As a type-1 hypervisor, ESXi is not
a software application that is installed on an operating system (OS); instead, it includes and
integrates vital OS components, such as a kernel. ESX runs on bare metal (without running an
operating system) unlike other VMware products. It includes its own kernel: A Linux kernel is
started first, and is then used to load a variety of specialized virtualization components, including
ESX, which is otherwise known as the vmkernel component. The Linux kernel is the primary
virtual machine; it is invoked by the service console. At normal run-time, the vmkernel is
running on the bare computer, and the Linux-based service console runs as the first virtual
machine. VMware dropped development of ESX at version 4.1, and now uses ESXi, which does
not include a Linux kernel.
The vmkernel is a microkernel with three interfaces: hardware, guest systems, and the service
console (Console OS). The vmkernel handles CPU and memory directly, using scan-before-
execution (SBE) to handle special or privileged CPU instructions and the SRAT (system
resource allocation table) to track allocated memory.
Access to other hardware (such as network or storage devices) takes place using modules. At
least some of the modules derive from modules used in the Linux kernel. To access these
modules, an additional module called vmklinux implements the Linux module interface.
According to the README file, "This module contains the Linux emulation layer used by the
vmkernel.
In ESX (and not ESXi), the Service Console is a vestigial general purpose operating system most
significantly used as bootstrap for the VMware kernel, vmkernel, and secondarily used as a
management interface. Both of these Console Operating System functions are being deprecated
from version 5.0, as VMware migrates exclusively to the ESXi model. The Service Console, for
all intents and purposes, is the operating system used to interact with VMware ESX and the
virtual machines that run on the server.

VSphere provides a powerful, flexible, and secure foundation for business agility that accelerates
your digital transformation to hybrid cloud and success in the digital economy. With vSphere,
you can support new workloads and use cases while keeping pace with the growing needs and
complexity of your infrastructure. vSphere is the heart of a secure SDDC, securing applications,
data, infrastructure, and access. Advanced security capabilities fully integrated into the
hypervisor and powered by machine learning, provide better visibility, protection and faster
response time for security incidences.
vSphere helps you run, manage, connect and secure your applications in a common operating
environment across the hybrid cloud. When looking at private cloud implementations there are
two options:

 The private cloud is implemented in the customer’s own datacenter;

 The private cloud is implemented in the service provider’s datacenter.

The technology is basically the same in both configuration, but in the 2nd option there might be a
difference about ownership of the hardware (either you company owns it or the service provider
owns it and you lease it) and its management might be different. It is Important to note that the
private cloud is implemented on dedicated hardware.
 Result and Discussion
Even where organisations cannot make full use of public cloud for reasons of security or because
of bandwidth limitations, many of the advantages of flexibility and rapid deployment can be
made by providing a private cloud where the IT department manages the service but allows users
to use the resources. Private cloud’ is often presented as being the solution for all your
computing issues. It promises benefits such as cost savings, energy savings, rapid deployment
and customer empowerment.
on-demand self-service – a customer can easily manage their own services without the help of
their IT department or a hosting provider;
broad network access – the cloud services are accessible via normal broadband networking
technologies;
resource pooling – the services that are running in a datacenter are using a shared infrastructure
with multiple other customers;
rapid elasticity or expansion – the capacity of the cloud services can be easily adjusted to the
demand. The services can be scaled up and down as demand changes;
measured service – the capacity of the cloud services are optimized for customer usage and its
usage is reported on a regular basis.

Private cloud is all about flexibility and this can be achieved by using virtualization, whether it
be Microsoft’s Hyper-V (with all System Center solutions around it) or VMWare. But the
realization of private cloud goes beyond virtualization. According to Gartner, a successful
implementation of private cloud depends on:
Service Management – Service Management and automation are key factors in a cloud solution.
Every step, every action has to be consistent, retry-able and documented to keep a consistent
platform. All servers need to be exactly the same to get predictable results. Without a rock solid
Service Management solution a cloud offering will end up nowhere.
Applications – The quality of applications make or break a cloud solution. “It’s all about the
App!” Applications need to be manageable from the cloud’s provider management portal, but
metering needs to be possible as well as elasticity. When more resources are needed the
application needs to be scaled up as well.
Organization – The organization needs to be ready for cloud technology as well. With cloud
technology, your organization will be shifting its emphasis from pure technology to more
business driven solutions. Think about maturity, cooperation between the current IT department
and the business departments who need cloud technology or the culture in general in an
organization. If people are not willing to adopt cloud technology than technological solutions
will fail.
Private cloud is characterized by flexibility, flexibility that is achieved by on-demand self-
service, resource pooling and a measured service. This means that end users, which can be
departments or business units, are responsible for their own computing resource needs rather
than the IT departments. The IT department is responsible for the overall infrastructure but no
longer for the individual resources. End users can create their own resources, have to pay for its
usage and can destroy resources when no longer needed.
 Screenshots

Vmware Workstation
Vmware esxi

Vmsphere
 Hardware and Software requirement

 Software :
VmWare Workstation

VmWare ESxi

VSphere

 Hardware :
Computer system
 Conclusion
Cloud computing has the potential to be a disruptive force by affecting the deployment and use
of technology. The cloud could be the next evolution in the history of computing, following in
the footsteps of mainframes, minicomputers, PCs, servers, smart phones, and so on, and radically
changing the way enterprises manage IT. Yes, plenty of questions are still left to be answered
regarding security within the cloud and how customers and cloud service providers (CSPs) will
manage issues and expectations, but it would be a severe understatement to say simply that cloud
computing has generated interest in the marketplace.

The hype regarding cloud computing is unavoidable. It has caught the imagination of consumers,
businesses, financial analysts, and of course, the CSPs themselves. Search for “cloud computing”
on the Internet and you will uncover thousands of articles defining it, praising it, ridiculing it,
and selling it.

So powerful is the term cloud computing that according to some, just the mere mention of it may
help to drive additional attention and revenues for providers.
 Approached result and conclusion
The cloud represents one of the most significant shifts that computing has gone through. As we
move towards the cloud, we will discover a new service-based world, where many words that
were once common in the average IT shop – like servers, data centers, OS, middleware and
clustering – will get erased.

Much like Google and Facebook were not familiar companies a mere decade ago, the IT
landscape is due to radically change in the next five years. New entrants with a cloud pure-play
will be much more agile in creating value and won’t face the internal competition that arises
during a paradigm shift, protecting their existing revenues while providing a credible, cost-
efficient alternative. Think about it this way: List the companies you think of today as the biggest
IT players.
 Applications and future work
As a Service (SaaS) business applications, in which a vendor hosts and manages the application
in a multitenant environment; a public cloud infrastructure, where a company takes advantage of
the economies of commodity hardware and shared infrastructure from a cloud provider; and
private cloud applications companies running a virtualized data center architected to scale like a
public cloud.

For application professionals considering private clouds and wondering which business
applications fit there, the answer is pretty simple

That's going to be the dominant cloud model. We're moving toward a more componentized, agile
deployment method. Instead of a rigid way of one app, one server we're now deploying
application components against a general pool of resources that might expand or contract to
cloud hosting.
 Refrences
[1]. Yashwant Kanetkar, “Let Us C”, ISBN: 10:81-8333-163-7, eighth edition,

Pages: 424 – 437.

[2]. www.wikipedia.org

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexical_analysis

[4]. www.docstore.mik.ua

http://docstore.mik.ua/orelly/java/langref/ch02_01.htm

[5]. www.isi.edu

http://www.isi.edu/~pedro/Teaching/CSCI565-Spring10/Lectures/LexicalAnalysis.part3.6p.pdf

[6]. www.cs.berkeley.edu

http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~hilfingr/cs164/public_html/lectures/note2.pdf

[7]. John E. Hopcroft, J.D. Ullman, “Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation”,
ISBN: 81-85015-96-1, eighteenth edition,

Page No.: 9.

[8]. Pankaj Jalote, “An Integrated Approach To Software Engineering”, ISBN: 81-7319-271-5, second
edition, Pages: 13 – 17.