Professional Documents
Culture Documents
16 Tenses
16 Tenses
Riki Giarto
Wahyu Ardian
1. Simple Present
Pengertian:
a . U n t u k m e ya t a k a n s u a t u k e b e n a r a n u m u m / m u t l a k
Rumus
(+)S + Tobe + Noun/ Adjective
(-) S + Tobe +Not+ Noun/ Adjective
(?)Tobe + S +Noun/ Adjective ?
Example :
(+) She is smart
(-) She is nit smart
(?)Is she smart?
Rumus
(+) S + V1 ( + Object )
(-) S + Do/Does + not +V1
(?)Do/Does + not + S + V1?
Example :
(+) She eats an apple
(-) She does not eat apple
(?) Does she eat apple?
2. Present Continuous.
Pengertian:
U n t u k m e ya t a k a n s u a t u p e k e r j a a n ya n g s e d a n g b e r l a n g s u n g
Rumus
(+) S + am/is/are + Verb.ing
(-) S + am/is/are + not + Verb.ing
(?) Am/is/are + S + Verb.ing
Example :
(+)She is reading a magazine
(-)She is not reading a magazine
(?)Is she reding a magazine?
3. Present Perfect
Pengertiannya:
U n t u k m e ya t a k a n s u a t u p e k e r j a a n ya n g t e l a h u s a i p a d a s a a t s e k a r a n g .
Rumus
(+) S + have/has + V3
(-) S + have/has + not + V3
(?) Have/has + S + V3?
Example :
(+)She has eaten an apple
(-)She has not eaten an apple
(?)Has she eaten an apple?
Rumus
(+) S + have/has + been + Ving
(-) S + have/has + not + been + Ving
(?) Have/has + S + been + Ving
Example :
( + ) S h e h a s b e e n w a i t i n g f o r yo u s i n c e s h e w a s a t s e n i o r h i g h s c h o o l
( - ) S h e h a s n o t b e e n w a i t i n g f o r yo u s i n c e s h e w a s a t s e n i o r h i g h s c h o o l
( ? ) H a s S h e b e e n w a i t i n g f o r yo u s i n c e s h e w a s a t s e n i o r h i g h s c h o o l
Rumus
(+) S + V2 + O
(-) S + did + not + Verb1
(?) Did + S + Verb1)
Example :
(+) she ate meatball in the canteen
(-) she did not eat meatball in the canteen
(?) Did she eat meatball in the canteen?
.
6. Past Continuous.
Pengertian:
U n t u k m e n u n j u k k a n p e k e r j a a n ya n g s e d a n g t e r j a d i p a d a m a s a l a m p a u .
(+) S + was/were + Ving
(-) S + was/were + not + Ving
(?) Was/were + S + Ving
Example :
(+) She was watching television at 2 o’clock
(-) She was not watching television at 2 o’clock
(?) was She watching television at 2 o’clock
7. Past Perfect.
Pengertian :
U n t u k m e n u n j u k k a n p e k e r j a a n ya n g t e l a h s e l e s a i k e t i k a p e k e r j a a n l a i n b a r u d i m u l a i p a d a m a s a l a m p a u .
Rumus
(+) S + Had + V3
(-) S + Had + not + V3
(?) Had + S + V3
Example :
( + ) S h e h a d f i n i s h e d d o i n g h e r h o m e w o r k b e f o r e yo u c a m e h e r e
( - ) S h e h a d n o t f i n i s h e d d o i n g h e r h o m e w o r k b e f o r e yo u c a m e h e r e
( ? ) h a d S h e f i n i s h e d d o i n g h e r h o m e w o r k b e f o r e yo u c a m e h e r e ?
Rumus
(+) S + had + been + Ving
(-) S+had+not+been+Ving
(?) had+S+been+Ving
Example
( + ) S h e h a d b e e n p l a yi n g b a d m i n t o n a t 7 o ’ c l o c k
( - ) S h e h a d n o t b e e n p l a yi n g b a d m i n t o n a t 7 o ’ c l o c k
( ? ) h a d S h e b e e n p l a yi n g b a d m i n t o n a t 7 o ’ c l o c k ?
9. Simple Future.
Pengertiannya:
M e n u n j u k k a n p e k e r j a a n s e d e r h a n a ya n g a k a n t e r j a d i
Rumus
(+) S + will + Verb1
(-) S + will+ not + Verb1
(?) Will + S + Verb1
Example :
(+) she will go to Bandung tomorrow
(-) she will not go to Bandung tomorrow
(?) will she go to Bandung tomorrow?
10. Future Continuous.
Pengertian:
U n t u k m e n u n j u k k a n p e k e r j a a n ya n g s e d a n g t e r j a d i p a d a m a s a ya n g a k a n d a t a n g .
Rumus
(+) S + will + be + Verb ing
(-) S+ will + not + be + Verb ing
(?) Will + S + be + Verb ing
Example :
(+) he will be working tomorrow at 10 o’clock
(-) he will not be working tomorrow at 10 o’clock
(?) will he be working tomorrow at 10 o’clock?
Rumus
(+) S + will + have + V3
(-) S + will + have + not + V3
(?) Will + S + have + V3
Example :
(+)She will have finished cooking at 10 o’clock
(-) She will not have finished cooking at 10 o’clock
(?) will She have finished cooking at 10 o’clock
Rumus
(+) S+will+have+been+Ving
(-) S+will+have+not+been+Ving,
(?) Will+S+have+been+Ving,
Example :
(+) She will have been working at 10 o’clock
(-) She will not have been working at 10 o’clock
(?) Will she have been working at 10 o’clock?
Rumus
(+): S + would + Infinitive/Verb1
(-): S + would + not + Infinitive/Verb1
(?): Would + S + Infinitive/Verb1
Example :
( + ) s h e w o u l d f i n i s h w a s h i n g i f yo u d i d n ’ t c o m e h e r e .
( - ) s h e w o u l d n o t f i n i s h w a s h i n g i f yo u d i d n ’ t c o m e h e r e .
( ? ) w o u l d s h e f i n i s h w a s h i n g i f yo u d i d n ’ t c o m e h e r e .
Rumus
(+) S + would + be + Verb.ing
(-) S + would + not + be + Verb.ing
(?) Would + S + be + Verb.ing
Example :
(+) she would be finish cooking if the stove is not broken
(-) she would not be finish cooking if the stove is not broken
(?) would she be finish cooking if the stove is not broken
Example :
( + ) T h i s o f f i c e w o u l d h a v e b e e n p a i n t e d i f a l l w o r k e r s h a d c a m e ye s t e r d a y.
( - ) T h i s o f f i c e w o u l d n o t h a v e b e e n p a i n t e d i f a l l w o r k e r s h a d c a m e ye s t e r d a y
( ? ) W o u l d T h i s o f f i c e h a v e b e e n p a i n t e d i f a l l w o r k e r s h a d c a m e ye s t e r d a y?
Rumus
(+) S + would + have + been + V-ing
(-) S + would + not + have + been + V-ing
(?) Would + S + have + been + V-ing?
Example :
(+) she would have been sleeping if the fan was not broken
(-) she would not have been sleeping if the fan was broken
(?) would she have been sleeping if the fan was broken ?