RELIABILITY

EDRE 146
ALAAN, DENICE
FUERTES, ALONA MAE
NOGUERA, KENNETH ANGELO
RICOHERMOSO, MIK
 RELIABILITY

I. DEFINITION OF RELIABILITY
II. IMPORTANCE OF RELIABILITY
III. TYPES OF RELIABILITY
IV. FACTORS AFFECTING RELIABILITY
 RELIABILITY

V. RELIABILITY COEFFICIENT
VI. INTERPRETATION
VII. IMPROVING RELIABILITY IN TESTS
RELIABILITY COEFFICIENT

RELIABILITY IS MEASURED THROUGH THE

COMPUTATION OF A CORRELATION
COEFFICIENT.
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT

Correlation Coefficient is a numerical index that

tells us how closely two variables are (such as two
administrations of the same test) related to each
other – more accurately, how much the variables
share or have in common.
A TEST IS RELIABLE
For reliability purposes, correlation coefficients tend
to range between .00 to +1.00 . The higher the
(positive) number, the more reliable the test.
TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY

When you use it?

When you want to know whether a test is reliable over
time

How do you do it?

Correlate the scores from a test given at time 1 with the
same test given at time II.
TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY
Example: Mastering Vocational Education Test (MVET)
ID Score from Test 1 Score from Test 2
(Time1) (Time2)

1 54 56

2 67 77

3 67 87

4 83 89

5 87 89

6 89 90

7 84 87

8 90 92

9 98 99

10 65 76
TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT FORMULA
TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY
Scores from tests at Time 1 and Time 2 for
Mastering Vocational Education Test (MVET)
TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY
Scores from tests at Time 1 and Time 2 for
Mastering Vocational Education Test (MVET)
PARALLEL FORMS OF RELIABILITY
Example: Remember Everything Test
PARALLEL FORMS OF RELIABILITY
Example: Remember Everything Test
PARALLEL FORMS OF RELIABILITY
Example: Remember Everything Test
INTERNAL CONSISTENCY RELIABILITY
SPLIT-HALF RELIABILITY

The first and most simple way to establish internal consistency of a test is
by ‘splitting’ the test into two halves and computing what is affectionately
called the split-half reliability coefficient.

Method: Select all the odd items for one grouping and all the evens for
another, and then turn to computing the correlation coefficient
INTERNAL CONSISTENCY RELIABILITY
Example: Attitude Toward Health Care Test
(ATHCT)
INTERNAL CONSISTENCY RELIABILITY
Example: Attitude Toward Health Care Test
(ATHCT)
INTERNAL CONSISTENCY RELIABILITY
CRONBACH’S ALPHA
INTERNAL CONSISTENCY RELIABILITY
Example: The I love HMO
Test
THE INTERRATER RELIABILITY
Example: The I love HMO
Test
REMEMBER!
Use the SPEARMAN-BROWN FORMULA for:
- determining the reliability of split-half tests
- determining the increase or decrease of reliability
according to changes in the length of the test.

Use the CRONBACH’S ALPHA for:

- determining the relative closeness and relationship of the
test items; the higher the value of alpha, the stronger the
relation of the items are
REMEMBER!
Use the KR 20 FORMULA for:
- determining the reliability of tests with binary variables (T
or F).

Use the KR 21 FORMULA for:

- determining the reliability of tests with binary variables
that generally have the equal amount of difficulty.
INTERPRETATION OF RELIABILITY COEFFICIENT
What we want to see?

1. We want reliability coefficient to be positive

2. We want reliability coefficients that are as
large as possible (between +.00 and +1.00)
INTERPRETATION OF RELIABILITY COEFFICIENT

TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY
Sample value: .90
The test is reasonably consistent over time. A reasonable
goal is for the coefficient to be above .70, and better, to be
in .80s or .90s.

PARALLEL FORMS OF RELIABILITY

Sample value: .12
The test does not seem to be very consistent over
different forms. The value .12 is a very low reliability
coefficient.
INTERPRETATION OF RELIABILITY COEFFICIENT

INTERNAL CONSISTENCY RELIABILITY

Sample value: .24
The test does not seem to be one-dimensional in that
these items are not consistently measuring the same thing.
IMPROVING RELIABILITY TESTS
IMPROVING RELIABILITY TESTS
IMPROVING RELIABILITY TESTS

Minimize the effects of external events and

standardize directions. If a particularly
important event - such as Mardi Gras or
graduation - occurs near the time of testing,
postpone any assessment.
 RELIABILITY
I. DEFINITION OF RELIABILITY
II. IMPORTANCE IF RELIABILITY
III. TYPES OF RELIABILITY
IV. FACTORS AFFECTING RELIABILITY
V. RELIABILITY COEFFICIENT
VI. INTERPRETATION
VII. IMPROVING RELIABILITY IN TESTS
REFERENCES
Salkind, N. J. (2018). Tests & Measurements Who
(Think They) Hate Tests & Measurement. Oaks,
California: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Reporters:
THANK YOU!
ALAAN, DENICE
FUERTES, ALONA MAE
NOGUERA, KENNETH ANGELO
RICOHERMOSO, MIK