ENGLISH AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE EQUAVALENT

1. Use of Replacement

In Indonesian, my word has not changed despite its position as subject or

object. However, in English I will change if its position becomes subject or object

(if its position as subject is called I, if its position as object is called Me).

Example :

In Indonesian

 Saya mencintai dia (dalam posisi subject)

 Dia mencintai saya (dalam posisi object)

In English

• I love him (in subject position)

• He love me (in object position)

2. On Sentence Arrangement

In Indonesian the nouns and adjectives to be merged are not reversed, but in

English should be reversed. If 1 word, we can directly english. For example

rumah is house. When combined with the adjectives will be different but still be a

unity of meaning. For example "new home" is the join word. This in English

language should be reversed, because the structure of English is different, ie

embracing the MD system (Explaining Explained), so that the "new house" in

English is "new house".

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 Example in sentence:

 Gadis cantik itu membeli sayuran di pasar

 That beautiful girl buys vegetable in the market

 Laki-laki tampan itu membaca sebuah buku

 that handsome boy reads a book

From the 2 examples above, there are differences in sentence composition

between Indonesian and English. In indonesian language, beautiful girl setetlah

with girl arrangement then beautiful, but in english arrangement is beautiful first

then girl (Beautiful + Girl) so also with handsome man.

Another example

 Mobil cepat lebih mudah ditemukan di kota ini

 Fast car is much easier to find in this city

 Seorang pria berkelas akan bersikap sopan terhadap wanita

 A classy guy will be gentle towards women

words on Fast Car and Classy Guy will change when translated into Indonesian.

Fast cars will turn into fast cars, while Classy guy will turn into a classy guy.

3. Verbs

English has different verbs that depend on the timing of events and can enter into

regular and irregular verb types. Indonesian in the use of verbs has no difference

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in the timing of events either for the past, now, or at any time, the verbs used will

remain the same. Example:

 Mereka akan menyetir mobil

 Dia sudah menyetir mobil

 Saya menyetir mobil

 They will drive a car

 He has drove a car

 I am driving a car

 Saya akan membeli baju

 Mereka telah membeli baju

 Dia sedang membeli baju.

 I will buy a cloth

 They have bought cloth

 She is buying a cloth

From the above example it can be seen clearly that in English, the verb form

will vary according to the time whereas in Indonesian the verb form will not

change even though the time description is different

4. Based on Beep or How to Read

Indonesian and English have different sounds or different spellings. If the

Indonesian language has a spelling system similar to what is written, then the

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English language is not necessarily so, what is written is not necessarily the same

as how to spell it like a book, in the Indonesian language writing books and how

to read books as well. But in English, the way of writing by reading is different,

for example book, writing book but how to read the book. Example:

 Mangga dalam bahasa Indonesia di tulis Mangga dan di baca mangga

 Mangga dalam bahasa Inggris di tulis mango dan di baca menggo

 Rumah dalam bahasa indonesia di tulis rumah dan dibaca rumah

 Rumah dalam bahasa Inggris di tulis house dan di baca haus

 Bola dalam bahasa Indonesia di tulis bola dan di baca bola

 Bola dalam bahasa Inggris di tulis ball dan di baca bol

5. Plural And Singular Form

Plural and singular / singular forms in Indonesian nouns do not affect the

formation of nouns. Indonesian simply adds a lot of words, a little, one ff. In front

of the noun, eg:

 Lima mobil

 Satu anak

 Sebuah syair

Or use the noun repetition form to say a lot.

Example:

 Ibu-ibu berkumpul di posyandu.

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  Anak-anak bermaingundu.

Single forms and plural forms in English affect the form of nouns in sentences.

The plural / plural forms in English give quhan-es / es. whereas in the singular

form do not use affix -s / -es, but using article a / an or the.

Example:

• I have a book (singular)

• I have two books (plural)

There is a special provision when using an ic add-on a noun disclosed more than

one (plural)

Nominee ending in -s, -ss, -ch, -sh or -x plus the -es suffix.

- bus -> buses

- glass -> glasses

- dress -> dresses

- box -> boxes

- fox -> foxes

Nomina ending in -y, replaced with i then plus -es.

- baby -> babies

- family -> families

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- story -> stories

- fairy -> fairies

- library -> libraries

- city -> cities

- party -> parties

- dictionary -> dictionaries

Nomina ending -y that there is previously vowel or vowel (vowel), immediately

plus the -s suffix. Except nouns ending in -quy, -y replaced by i then added -es

(soliloquy -> soliloquies).

- key -> keys

- monkey -> monkeys

- donkey -> donkeys

- toy -> toys

- boy -> boys

- cowboy -> cowboys

- day -> days

Nomina ending -f, replaced with v then plus -es.

- leaf -> leaves

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- shelf -> shelves

- wolf -> wolves

6. Aids

In Indonesian the word auxiliary in the sentence does not depend on the

subject. But in English the word auxiliary or commonly called to be should match

the subject. Subject I, to be his am. You, we, they, to be-are. She, he, it, to be it is.

Example :

- I am sleeping on the bed

- You are cooking in the kitchen

- She is my sister

- etc.