Uji lengkung (bending test) merupakan salah satu bentuk pengujian untuk menentukan mutu

suatu material secara visual. Selain itu uji bending digunakan untuk mengukur kekuatan material
akibat pembebanan dan kekenyalan hasil sambungan las baik di weld metal maupun HAZ.
Dalam pemberian beban dan penentuan dimensi mandrel ada beberapa factor yang harus
diperhatikan, yaitu
Bending test (bending test) is one form of testing to determine the quality of a material visually.
In addition, the bending test is used to measure the strength of the material due to loading and
suppleness of the weld joint results in both weld metal and HAZ. In assigning loads and
determining the dimensions of the mandrel there are several factors that must be considered,
namely:

:
1. Kekuatan tarik (Tensile Strength)
2. Komposisi kimia dan struktur mikro terutama kandungan Mn dan C.
3. Tegangan luluh (yield).
Berdasarkan posisi pengambilan spesimen, uji bending dibedakan menjadi 2 yaitu transversal
bending dan longitudinal bending.
Tensile Strength

2. Chemical composition and microstructure, especially Mn and C.

3. Yield stress (yield).

Based on the position of specimen collection, bending test can be divided into 2, namely
transverse bending and longitudinal bending.

5.1.1. Transversal Bending.

Pada transversal bending ini, pengambilan spesimen tegak lurus dengan arah pengelasan.
Berdasarkan arah pembebanan dan lokasi pengamatan, pengujian transversal bending dibagi
menjadi tiga :
5.1.1. Transverse Bending.

In this transverse bending, sampling specimens are perpendicular to the welding direction. Based
on the loading direction and location of the observation, the transversal bending test is divided
into three:
a. Face Bend (Bending pada permukaan las)
Dikatakan Face Bend jika bending dilakukan sehingga permukaan las mengalami tegangan
tarik dan dasar las mengalami tegangan tekan (gambar 5.1). Pengamatan dilakukan pada
permukaan las yang mengalami tegangan tarik. Apakah timbul retak atau tidak. Jika timbul retak
di manakah letaknya, apakah di weld metal, HAZ atau di fussion line (garis perbatasan WM dan
HAZ).
a. Face Bend (Bending on the welding surface)

Face Bend is said if bending is carried out so that the weld surface experiences tensile stress and
the welding base experiences compressive stress (figure 5.1). Observations were made on weld
surfaces that experienced tensile stresses. Whether cracks arise or not. If cracks occur where they
are, whether they are weld metal, HAZ or the fussion line (WM and HAZ border).

Gambar 5.1 Face Bend pada transversal Bending

b. Root Bend (Bending pada akar las)

Dikatakan Rote Bend jika bending dilakukan sehingga akar las mengalami tegangan tarik dan
dasar las mengalami tegangan tekan (gambar 5.2). Pengamatan dilakukan pada akar las yang
mengalami tegangan tarik, apakah timbul retak atau tidak. Jika timbul retak dimanakah letaknya,
apakah di weld metal. HAZ atau di fusion line (garis perbatasan WM dan HAZ)
b. Root Bend (Bending on the welding root)
Rote Bend is said if bending is carried out so that the welding root is tensile stressed and the
welding base is compressive stress (figure 5.2). Observations were made on the welding roots
that experience tensile stress, whether cracks arise or not. If cracks occur where they are, whether
they are weld metal. HAZ or on the fusion line (WM and HAZ border lines)
 Gambar 5.2 Root Bend pada transversal Bending
c. Side Bend ( Bending pada sisi las ).
Dikatakan Side Bend jika bending dilakukan sehingga sisi las (gambar 5.3). Pengujian ini
dilakukan jika ketebalan material yang di las lebih besar dari 3/8 inchi. Pengamatan dilakukan
pada sisi las tersebut, apakah timbul retak atau tidak. Jika timbul retak dimanakah letaknya,
apakah di Weld metal, HAZ atau di fusion line (garis perbatasan WM dan HAZ).
Side Bend (Bend over the weld side).
It says Side Bend if it is bent so that the sides are welded (figure 5.3). This test is carried out
if the thickness of the material being welded is greater than 3/8 inches. Observations were made
on the weld side, whether cracks arise or not. If cracks occur where they are, whether they are in
weld metal, HAZ or in the fusion line (WM and HAZ boundaries).

Gambar 5. 3 Side Bend pada transversal Bending

5.1.2. Longitudinal Bending
Pada longitudinal bending ini, pengambilan spesimen searah dengan arah pengelasan
berdasarkan arah pembebanan dan lokasi pengamatan, pengujian longitudinal bending dibagi
menjadi dua :
 Face Bend (Bending pada permukaan las)
Dikatakan Face Bend jika bending dilakukan sehingga permukaan las mengalami tegangan
tarik dan dasar las mengalami tegangan tekan (gambar 5.4). Pengamatan dilakukan pada
permukaan las yang mengalami tegangan tarik, apakah timbul retak atau tidak. Jika timbul retak
di manakah letaknya, apakah di Weld metal, HAZ atau di fusion line (garis perbatasan WM dan
HAZ).
In this longitudinal bending, taking the specimen in the direction of the welding direction
based on the direction of loading and location of observation, the longitudinal bending test is
divided into two:
• Face Bend (Bending on the welding surface)
It is said Face Bend if bending is carried out so that the weld surface is tensile stressed and
the welding base is compressive stress (figure 5.4). Observations were made on the weld surface
that experiences tensile stresses, whether cracks arise or not. If cracks occur where they are,
whether on Weld metal, HAZ or on the fusion line (WM and HAZ border lines).

Gambar 5.4 Face Bend pada longitudinal Bending

Root Bend (Bending pada akar las)

Dikatakan Root Bend jika bending dilakukan sehingga akar las mengalami tegangan tarik dan
dasar las mengalami tegangan tekan (gambar 5.5). Pengamatan dilakukan pada akar las yang
mengalami tegangan tarik, apakah timbul retak atau tidak. Jika timbul retak di manakah letaknya,
apakah di Weld metal, HAZ atau di fusion line (garis perbatasan WM dan HAZ).
Root Bend (Bending on the welding root)
It is said Root Bend if bending is carried out so that the welding root occurs with tensile stress
and the welding base experiences compressive stress (figure 5.5). Observations were made on
the welding roots that experience tensile stress, whether cracks arise or not. If cracks occur
where they are, whether on Weld metal, HAZ or on the fusion line (WM and HAZ border lines).

Gambar 5.5 Root Band pada longitudinal Bending

1. Bending testing is carried out on specimens / similar objects, but given a different treatment
from each specimen will have different results. 2)

Bending testing can be used to determine the quality of welding results. 3)

Heating causes damage to the microstructure of metal materials, so in the process of making
ships must minimize the heating process. 4)

The results of welding must be able to blend with the welded and strong but elastic, so that when
under pressure does not brittle or crack. 5)

Every welding plate with thickness 10 mm and above must beveled.