SHEAR STRESS (τ) 3a Page 1

-Stress is the internal resistance offered by a unit area of material to an externally applied load.
SECOND TYPE OF STRESS (there are only 2, normal and shear)
-Shear (cutting) stress is the internal resistance offered by a unit area of material to a parallel (slicing) load.
-Side Load (Ps Not V) distributed evenly over cut section (As)
-Transverse shear load V occurs with bending

V=Transverse shear with bending (later)

Unit element
500 lb

300 lb
M=0 V
P

PS = shear with no bending

ELEMENT OF MATERIAL WITH SHEAR STRESS

IF WORST CASE ELEMENT HOLDS, THEN CUT SECTION WON’T FAIL
IF WORST CASE CUT SECTION HOLDS, THEN COMPONENT WON’T FAIL
IF WORST CASE COMPONENT HOLDS, THEN DESIGN WON’T FAIL
SHEAR STRESS (τ) 3a Page 2

Double Shear

Single Shear (circumference) Χ (thickness)

Find Pshear
Drive Shaft Key
Weakest component to avoid
major damage

Find Ashear

Pin Shear in Truss

SHEAR STRESS (τ) 3a Page 3

1 Determine what component to draw free-body

(should have 800 lb load on it and A and B)
ABC
And in pin A (3/8 inch diameter)

2. Draw free-body
Ay
As
D
20o 800lb
BD

3. Σ M = 0 to find BD

BD = -8513 lb
4. Find shear stress in Pin B
5. Σ Fx = 0 Σ Fy = 0 to find Ax and Ay

6 Vector sum 7. Find shear stress in Pin A

SHEAR STRESS (τ) 3a Page 4

1-60 1 Visualize AS

3 ½ in
3 in x 3 ½ in
3in

2 State PS
1800 lb

3 Find the shear stress

= 1800 lb
 = 171.4 lb/in2
DESIGN FOR SHEAR STRESS 3b Page 1
Guideline for design shear stress τd based on yield strength in shear Sys or
ultimate strength in shear Sus

1. Recognize 6000psi as τd
τd given = 6000 psi

2. Identify PS
PS given = 21000 lb

3. Visualize shear plane dimensions

(8 inches) x (a inches)

4. Substitute into equation and solve for a

a = 0.438 in

1.Use guideline and material property to find τd

Force must cause material to fail.
τd = SUS = (448 N/mm2)(0.82)
Material Properties Guidelines
2. Visualize shear plane and find AS
(circumference) Χ (thickness)
PS = (circumference)x(thickness) = π∙ d∙ t

3. Write equation Solve for force PS

PS = 184700 N = 184.7 kN
DESIGN FOR SHEAR STRESS 3b Page 2

1. Draw free-body diagram

30o

Ay 3.6kN
As
40mm
F2

10o

2. ΣFx = 0 ΣFy =0 ΣM=0 (three equation, 3 unknowns)

Guidelines
Material Properties

3. Solve for Ax Ay and A

4. Find Guideline for τd 5. Find material property, S us or Sys

Sy = 1000 N/mm2

6. Find smallest possible pin diameter to be safe

d = 10.22 mm
Design With Multiple Stresses 3c Page 1
Find worst case cross-section and worst case element for each type of stress.
Page 125 1. Determine 1st type of stress

σ at hole

2. Find guideline

3. Find material property

Su = 147 ksi

Guidelines Material Properties Stress Conc 4. Find stress concentration factor

Page 727
Curve B
Repeat steps for 2 nd type of stress, pin shear
k = 2.6
A = (w-d)(t)

5. Find safe load

Sy =97 ksi

Ps = 10710 lb
Design With Multiple Stresses
Repeat for 3rd type, bearing
Bearing
Sy =97 ksi
Pberaing = 81840 lb
Connecting pinned joints
3c Page 2
Bearing stress
 One component forced against another
 Stronger tends to crush weaker
 Always compressive normal stress
 Seldom worst case
 Guidelines pg 151,
Examples:
Legs crush plate, Plate crush footer, Footer crush soil
Pg 102 Find safe Weight on roller (Wb)
Pin crush/elongate hole .
Area is rectangle
thickness ∙ pin diameter
visualized as square pin