一

、ご

／〆
／
｜ ＝

一一 '
曾了

f銀
溌傷
L
一Ｔ
垂項

寺Ｊ酒ｎ．
再一

一一一一
一

シ〆垂全一
9

−一一■■■■｡■

､旨謬
三
嬬一

■
一一句ｄｂ心

ダ
ごゆ嘩創

鐸．
可
一

声
一
一睡
一一
一。一
Ｆ

L ー

卿経.DING
:ono. 3MODE.AIRPLA測腫 ＝
 、＄︾
Onthefrontcover

I
ofthis･issue：一A
BullPup航action I

壁 P
F
『
寺

‘
『
'
V 蟹

旺皿ⅡPap1⑲釦dsthelistatthe
Ⅳa碗⑪朋伽IAか⑯"･伽〃§ん⑪脚with
空了JLJBL■釦Ⅲ⑭sS⑪■d!
Nowonderiloutsoldthefeld--bothinnmnberof Dealers!
shipsandindollarvolume!TheBullPup,at V秘InnbleEuhlrr乱n-
$1250-usmgOnly2､6ganonsofgasperhOur- cliiscso￨>entofor-
w⑩rd画l0Oki加慧ant⑥，
bringsflyingwithinthereachofaⅡ．$500delivers farmimiilement.and
mOt0rb0I雄deaIer8,
(insuranceincluded);balance,thesameasyoubuy IVriteforpartlonlars.
yourmotorcar・All-metalfuselage(Duralumin),
4511･P.シSzekelyradialengine.Sponsoredbythe Boys
vastBuhlindustrialandfinancialinterestsッpioneer S⑧ndford⑧tnilgofthe
M⑪。⑧1ContG8tnow
aircraftbuilders. being:condiu'tcd;also
forinciiil)ersliii>on
BUHLAIRCRAFTCOMPANY Bulnl'8JuniorAvin−
tiqmAdVi8ory刀0曲rd．
2394BuhlBuilding Detroit,Mich.

‘
利一
Ⅳ ■岡OBUnnPnP

円F
 − ． 戸 一 一

ノ
FORJUNE,193 PageOne

TRAINAT

ROOSEVELTFIELD'S
MECHANICS*SCHOOL−里

4merica'sLαγgestCo""〃g↑℃わノAirpoγ#−画
ANANNOUNCEMENTOFIMPORTANCETOALLTHOSEINTERESTEDINTRAININGFORTHEAVIATIONINDUSTRY.
FORTHESUMMERMONTHSONLYR○○SEVELTISOFFERINGACOMPLETEMECHANICS'
COURSE.ENGINESANDAIRPLANES.FORONLY$130ONCONVENIENTTERMS.

w
・
・
^
・
息
A
vi
鱈
a
t
罰
i
緋
o
ni
挺
s
o
9
u
謡
r
bu
捌
s
i
W
n
観
e
ss
c
．
．
篭
．
隠
l
et
a
o
u
n
r
d
e
xp
F
e
r
l
t
y
s
pr
e
e
p
r
a
s
r
e
c
a
R
o
t
o
i
o
s
e
n
v
o
f
e
l
a
t
c
q
F
i
u
e
i
r
l
d
e
.
d
kno
wle
dge
tof
iel
dtr
ain
ing
atf
am
‐
:
o
u
一
s

youpr
operlyfo
rthisfas
t-growing
industry
.．．Roose
velt
trai
ningis
unsurpa
ssed・・
.indiv
idualtr
eatmen
tofsubj
ect TAKEADVANTAGEOFTHISOFFERNOW...IT'SA
andstudent.・・underthesupervisionofmenwhohave REALOPPORTUNITYFORYOU．．、TODAY'STHEDAY1
hadatle^stten
years'experienceinAvia
tion..、each 両 戸

holdshisMechanics'License．..allwerechosenfortheir
understa
ndingofindivi
dua
cThe^t*"*"*^ROOSEVELTAVIATIONSCHOOL,Inc.
toimparttheirknowledge tothestudent.
119WEST57thSTREET
NEWYORKCITY,N.Y.

C悪端嚇鯛締W織蝋6#;蹴語『． 芹耐脚制f6棚刷荊邑酬師一： Ⅳ.G､6屍

a
t
1
1
f
a9
W
e
s
mt
5
7
t
o
uh
S
t
r
se
e
t
…
R
oa
n
d
a
od
v
a
n
s
ec
e
d
t
vr
a
i
n
e
lf
a
m
o
＋u
s
R
o
F
io
s
e
v
ee
l
t
F
l
di
e
l
d
．.
.
.
C
．
、o
n
v
e
Cn
i
e
n
o
nt
w
e
e
vk
l
y
p
e
na
y
m
e
in
t
s
.
e
nN
e
w
*
+Y
o
r
k
w
e,
N
.
Y
e.
n
9
a
k
lt
J
^
n
yg
^
職
潔
P
a:
里
S
鞠
y｡
'
，
m
en+
s，；
New
Yor
k,N
､Y・

C
h
i
e
f
I
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
o
r
:S
e
n
d
m
e
F
r
e
I
n
f
o
rm
a
t
i
o
n
c
e
r
n
-
'
lS
i
m
p
l
e
,
t
i
o
n
c
(
a
l
-
o
r
k
I
罰
a
M
u
s
i
r
S
p
e
c
i
a
t
b
l
S
u
m
e
r
e
o
z
A
v
i
a
t
o
n
e
r
C
u
r
s
e
.
報
I
S
)
j
o
n
E
g
i
i
（
n
e
s
a
n
d
A
i
j
公
"
r
p
l
a
n
e
s
W
e
.
i
n
c
l
u
l
d
i
d
i
n
g
T
e
a
n
g
r
-
d
o
w
n
,
R
γ
1
a
e
-
i
n
c
I
u
n
d
d
i
n
g
T
e
a
f
i
n
r
-
d
o
w
n
，
R
a
l
e
‐
：
Ⅳ
α
"
‘
a
p
p
c
…
.
…
l
i
…
b
u
-
j
W
i
l
d
n
g
1
,
l
T
i
m
n
g
,
e
d
i
n
t
c
.
o
f
l
i
…
…
c
e
n
s
d
m
o
｡
､
a
t
r
s
i
R
t
e
g
i
n
g
,
W
i
凧
｡
1
n
g
$
"
'
+
｡
"
o
r
s
…
R
i
g
l
i
−
9
n
g
,
W
i
n
I
‘
g
：
S
か
"
／
…
"
…
…
.
…
:
…
…
…
,
.
…
…
…
…
…
“
ど
…
…
…
…
.
…
…
ぶ
"
．
‘
……
…
…… ：
■■■■■■■■■国璽■■車回画画画回国ロー＝屋■ロー画一■■‐回■国■■画一画■■回国自画、画■8口函四国晒血画一■■■■ロロ■■■■画ロ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■画画■■■■画画画‘I■■■■■■■画■■■■■■■画軍■■■■■■■■■■■■■章了
Residentsoftlieinetroi)oIitnB1 ぷGWXorkarea．、Mn,刃 NOTE:Ifyouarc皿、側Gr 15yearsofageyoucannot
phoneCircle7-1550foran 趣F1)⑨i'nt】nelIt⑥rvigit
gchoO1maiIyfro】n9A．nr、t《） 9r･孔1..G工ccI》t弧7ed− 鳶etmtOAC兜XV麺 A V Ⅱ A nXO葺一sendcollponO蚕工更
nesd乱yevenin雷9． if3．oⅦarG15or 《】Ver．
 戸
一 − L 一

PageTwo NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

Vol.2．No.5 NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS June,193

皿AJORW．L･PUnCT秘T4T‘ RCLANCY
LIEUT．E.STIERI B江8”e88丑、泥αg瞳
〃echnicalEditor
聾．L・BUr4G詞、 Editor-in-C〃" Ⅳ．C･CROWmHER
Eﾛ海or，11｡aeZ4〃”α〃”8，DepZ． 4α抄”jiSf"〃型α〃αg”
W･配．S四W途瓦唖
、f”-We“er祁況epre“”“如き

７８皿進晦塑空奉泌雰犯誕誕詫諺語い姫堰”廃語宝弱艶
Page

TheEditorSays．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．・・・・

AttheShow．。.．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．・・・・・・・・

PersonalitiesSeenattheShow．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

‘‘SKYCAR''一ONEoFTHESENsATIoNsoFTHESHow．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

FamousAirAchievementsofaFamousEnglishEngine...．．．．．．．．．．．・・・・・・・・・・・．．

PracticalSoaring.．．…．．…．…．…．．．…．．……….BvLieut.11aりんS.Barnaby
Col.FitzmauricetoMakePresentationofGlider．…．．．．．．．．．．．．．・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

FromthePilot'sLogBook.．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．^3'"Dieh〃Merrill
TheEver-PresentExample..．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．・・・・・・・・・・

TestingtheAirplane．．……．…．．．．．．．，．．．．、ByCapt.Ric〃αﾂ・dDuncan,M.C
U.S.ServicesPurchaseNewTypeCompass．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

GliderPilot'sOpenLettertotheEditor．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．ノach〃βrrick
GliderandSailplaneConstruction…．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．./:>'3'l-y.HmdeyBowhts
WeatherChangesFateofNations．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

DevelopmentofSoaringinGermany.…．…．……．……．．……〃oげγα"^iH""‘
HowtoBuildtheChallenger．．．．．．．．．．．．．．…．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．.BvT.E.Mead
HawkstoRepresentU.S.atStockholm'sShow．．．．．．．．．．．．・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

AviationHomeStudyCourse..……．，…､……．…．…ByMajorWui.L.Piircell
、

GliderandAirplaneClubActivities…．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

SimplifiedEngineeringanditsApplications…．．．．．．・・．・・.Lo"なa・皿eyer
CeilingProjector．．．，．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．・・・・・・・・・・・．．・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
AskYourQuestions……．．…．……．．……．．．．…．….．……．．…・…・…
AnswerstoLastMonth'sTestQuestions.……….……．…．．…．……・…・・
AviationBoosters．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．，．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．RichardClancy
MoDELAIRcRAFTERs-HowToBuILDTHETExAco13......….....T加剛'asL.B測りeγ

P拠り恥““･jlm7師〃〃〃〃

DInI恥rUBLXCATIONS，Inc

3？OSeve皿thAv⑮｡,Newx⑥rk』Me掘り〃oｿ枕e4erO‐
7'α2“fc“0九amberoﾉ‘
E、S…R1，Pﾉ･evidentR.CLANCY.Trea師"W，W、L・PURCEｴｪ』,Vic-l'ﾉ･“極e加ffS“reZ4rｼ･〃00mm”Ce”4畑e"“
Price.25epercopy・Subscription.S .50peryearinU.S.A・Canadaandloreitrncountries,SM.UOperyear．
Copyright1031byDimePublications.Inc・Thecontentsofthismafrazinemustnotbereprintedwithoutpermission・EditorialandExeGut耐eO価唾s-
370SeventhAvenue,NewYorkCi毎．Enteredassecond-classmatterJune30.1030,atthePostOlTk-eatNewYork.N.Y・・undertheactor
March3,1879．PrmtedmU．S，A， ヤ
 吟ノ
貢

FORJUNE.193
PageThree
− 一 ・ 一 一 一 一 一
一 ‐ - - - - - - 一 一 一 ， 一 − 一 − − ， − - 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 _ ‐ - ウ ー ー ー ー ． − − − − − マ ー マ ー ー ー ー ” _ − − − ． − ． − − − ‐ △ ー 一 ■ 由 一 垂 一

’
§
碁ｆ″、罫幸一

^
y.さ
きダ｡
‘
，
扉』
』
4』
,
s，
蕊溌,
鞠謬恥姉

匠ｆｉ
蕊
＃

IIORACEHEISING
w宛ん噌曾EDDIE”STINSON
"
ra,
冷顧；孟苑息可S重重垂三ぷrcｱ雌CO卵｡rα碗庇

EDGARSCHMIDT
かrmcrrb･ingInstructorat
醗Zr晦型かQ,"道g“肱⑥”α
c⑥泥2延丁ツ烈妨工加“〆肋I.

〔
竺逗
｡し
べ,
．

ⅦeIsaCredit竺些“
RCOu匹Gt
． C Tm ^AIRLIN鴨〃
A慨淵蕊麗誰駕宝患難競:駕患撫麓蓋
P
ark
sgr
adu
ate
s..
..A
ir-
tra
nsp
ort
ati
onw
ill
mak
egr
eat
erp
rog
res
sbe
twe
en
nowandJanuary1,1932,thanithasmades血cetheWorldWar.Moreand
b
ett
erop
portu
nitie
sawai
tthet
rained
pilott
haneve
rbefo
re.No
thing
lesst
han
t
hebe
stina
viati
on-tr
ainin
gshoul
dsatis
fyyou.
Ifyou'
vegott
herig
htstu
鉦血
y
ou,
you'
llget
theri
ghttr
aining
atPark
s.Mail
thecou
ponfor
fulli
nform
ation
.

隣
理掴
溌雛識
□mechanic9sCo CTION6-NG
□LineServi“Mast，terM“hamcysCourse
APPROVEDBYUNITEDSTATESDEPARTMENTOFCOMMERCE^LimitedCommerciaICoursc
□TransportCourse

Nome AddrE三

City S1qie Occupati

IOn
ー や
一 へ , 一 一 一 一
 − − 一

NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
PageFour
？

甲一画﹄
一

S
pec
ial
Gli
der
Stu
den
ts'
Tou
rto
Ger
man
y
T
heAmer
icanGl
iderLea
gueis
sponso
ringato
urtot
heGlid
eran
d
S
oaring
School
sofGerm
any,a
ffordi
ngthose
whowi
sh,ano
ppor
-
tuni
tytotrainfor
PILOTSandIN
STRUCT℃RSthr
oughoutt
he
Un
itedStat
es.Thep
artywil
lbecondu
ctedbyo
fficial
softh
e
A
merica
nGlide
rLeague
,sail
ingfro
mNewYor
k,Jul
y23rd,
onth
e
儲
stestSh
iPAHoat
-theEUR
OPA（T
ouristTh
irdCa
bin)．Re
turn
‐
ingA
ugust30thonth
eSTUTTGART(St
udentThirdC
abin).
ThisIsYourChamcetoTra加attheFinestSchoolsintheWor･〃
ド
哩一
一FEATURES−
1−EASTBOUNDSAILINGONEUROPA一TOURIST
THIRDCABIN.
2−18DAYS'TRAININGATROSSITTENSOARING
SCHOOL,WHERETHEWORLD'SCHAMPIONS
TRAINED.
3_AIRPLANEFLIGHTSBYLUFTHANSAPLANESFROM
i洞面爪TOKONIGSBERG(OPTIONAL).
4−SPECIALRECEPTIONS、
5−1YEAR，SMEMBERSHIPAMERICANGLIDER
LEAGUE.

SPECIALTOUR

Total39Days
'
381 Includ加gAllExpenses

E
xte
nsion
Touro
f10
day
s,inc
ludin
gat
tenda
nceat
Int
ern
ation
alGli
der
C
ontes
t,Was
serku
ppe.A
dayin
Paris・A
dayon
theRh
ine・S
ights
eeing
t
rip
Ger
man
cit
ies
$10
0ad
dit
ion
al.

〃
了it
eIt
hme
dia
teh
for
Ill
usl
ral
edF
old
erG
ivi
ngF
ull
Inf
orm
ati
ont
o

AMERにANGLIDERLEAGUE
A
脚iα
led
wit
hth
eAm
eri
can
Soa
rin
gAs
soc
iat
ion
,In
c.

145FOURTHAVENUE””””NEWyORK
 勾

F 』 −

琶ノ

FORJUNE.193
PageFive

〃 波

畠幽
､

F1
刀iA
R
召●ワ
可!

もの
鰯
p
●
脚城毒

龍圭一︾
昼
悪 ●

塞室 寒 一 ∼ 一

謹簿蕊蕊§
塞今

一一
＝ … …

●︲町
。
･
も
、

銘甥妙二識塞三
●
、 1 V
、80

敏
』 ｡
｡,
gQg
さ呼彦ワq-

WalterHinton

FirsttoflytheAt-

EARN隼6Oto^100aWeek
lantic;firsttoflyto
SouthAmerica;first
toexploretheupper
regionsoftheAmazon

andUPinAVIATION! byplane.PlyingIn-
structorinNavyfor
fiveyears.Nowgiv-
ingambitiousmen

M¥鰯駕t誹無鶏艇冨欝識蟹諸撫蝋幾鰐鰯麗駕。 nracticalgroundwork
traininginAviationaE
didn'tknowathingaboutAviationafewmonthsago,archoldingdownfinejobsright home･Ifyouare1
now−intheairandontheground．Overfat'妙d班erenttypesofノobstochoosefrom orover,mailthecou
onceyouhavethisnecessarytraining.Getthefactsaboutmypracticaltraining,free ponbelowforyour
copyofhisbignew
EmploymentServiceandMoney-BackAgreementNOW!
五頭画迩Booktoda評．

ITeachYo皿QUICKLY−
athomeinyoursparetime
YoUdon，tneedtogiveUPyourpresentjob−
don'tneedtoleavehome,topetyourtraininjrin
Aviation.I'vemadeiteasyforyou、エ*veputmy
ownfi工teenyearsofexperience--backedbyover
400.000milesofflying−唖veyearsofinstructing
intheNavy-aI1mtomythorough，quiCk1ymas・
tex，e“homestudyConrse･
NoPreviousExperienceNeeded
Vondon'tevenneedahighschooleducation−−
Ⅱ'11HelpYouGetAJob
Mynation-wideEmploymentDepartmentisa
yoursex,vice−themimuteyouarequaUfedto
acceptajobinAviation・WeareconstantlyIn
touchwithscoresofairports,planefactories,etc..
thatwanttrainedmenforgoodjobspayingfrom
S40toS100aweek.No
extra'chargetogi･adu‐
FREEAir-I-itesforthisextraserv-

鋭蕊騨欝窓
donothavetoknowanythiI1gaboutplanesor
eDjnneatolearnthegroundworkofAviation
withmyCourse，Everythingisclearlyexplained
-nlustratedbyhundredsofpictures，drawings
and血arts一madeaBimpleandeasyaspossible，
Yougetalltheinformationyouneedtopassthe
Government，swrittenexaminationSfor班e“anic，s
orPilot'sLicenses,inafewshortmonths.If
youwanttolearntofly,Ican8さveyoumany
timesthecostofmyCourseonourflyingtime 庁｜剖卜
atgoodairportsalloverthecountry.

There'sNoT五加neToL⑥se−
GetMyFREEBookNOW1
Aviationisgrowingbylea砂sandbounds−whnG
A
via
tio
nis
gro
win
gby
lea
Psa
ndb
oun
ds-
whn
ema
nyo
the
x､i
ndu
str
ies
￨oi
n,P
res
ide
nt, 664−A

謡
､
響
珊認
i
on
穂
篭
‘謡
’
謝駕
鴨
蕊
淵謝
恩
aj
o
b
pa
y
in
g
¥
ia
i
ti
e
i
pi
e
as
e
s
en
d
mo
a
F
re
e
co
p
y
of
y
ou
r
b
oo
k
,"
W
i
ng
s
of
O
p
po
r
tu
n
i
ty
"
.o
'
i
in
e
淵瀞
も
詮
.§
撫
蟻&
･
麺
,皿
｡
S
6
0
t
o
S
1
0
aw
e
k
o
r
m
o
r
e−
i
n
A
v
i
a
t
i
on
・
G
e
t
h
e
F
AC
T
S
・
亜
a
i
l
t
he
p
P
I
e
a
s
e
s
en
d
m
e
a
r
e
co
p
y
o
f
y
o
u
r
bo
k
．
‘
l
W
i
h
an
d
y
c
o
u
p
o
n
on
t
h
e
r
i
g
h
t
,t
o
d
a
C
o
u
i
f
^"
h
i
l
e
y
o
u
'r
e
t
h
i
n
k
i
n
g}
f
i
l
i
n
g
a
la
b
o
u
t
m
y
o
po
r
t
u
n
i
t
i
e
si
n
A
v
i
a
t
i
o
n,
h
o
w
y
o
u
w
i
lt
r
a
i
n
v
i
a
‘i
o
n
・
h
o
'
1
se
n
d
y
o
u
m
y
b
ig
n
e
w
F
R
E
B
ol
o
u
p
a
c
k
e
dw
i
t
h
i
n
t
e
r
es
t
-
ー
p
m
e
a
t
ho
m
e
a
n
d
h
e
l
pm
e
g
e
t
a
j
o
b
.a
i
n
g
f
a
c
t
s
ab
o
u
t
y
o
u
r
o
p･
r
l
u
n
it
i
e
c
Av
i
b
o
u‘
M
a
i
lc
o
u
p
on
N
O
W
…“
'
α
顔
｡髄
T
E
R
HI
N
T
O
N,
P
”
N
OW
.
：
W
肌
T
m
H
I
NT
O
N
,
P
….
A
v
i
a
t
io
n
I
n
s
ti
t
u
t
e
o
fU
.
S
a
A
.,
I
n
c
.
[
ut
1
1
5
Co
n
e
c
t
ic
u
t
A
v
e．
：
Washinnec箇,D.C.'JWa雷bi画菖to鰯,,.C､2I里主茜珪と諸占圭圭宰圭華挫-首継首墨生-1
−

NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
PageSix
ー竜一コーーテ戸一さ壷一一一房凸詰ヮ室神吟画一舎心”q4G．し･Q
醒 画 ' も . b ･ 凸 □ ■ の 一 』 園 凸 b ' 詞 ● 亭 1 Q −
− ＝
． J ＝
■ ■ ■声
一 一一
ロ ー一 ＝
q 、 三
写 ■ ■ 一 ． ■ 4 画 w D − ． ” −

BUYDIRECT
FromWorIcTsLargestDealerin
AIRCRAFTWOODS
一写一 一一一−ー一百一一・−−．．J‐ー 再
L旬
生

● ●

、 昏
●
●
、 曲 鼻

知．蚤：
● ｡ ■ 君
各

：．可。
．．．‐X,.：.・誘冒さ
==一÷､皮群劃､基敏晶
一一皇=ず一壱三一

ー
蕊一 瀞

WOODSFORGLIDERAND AIRPLANECONSTRUCTION
CO-VE-COVERITHIN
SITKASPRUCE PLYWOOD
USEDFORGLIDERSANDLIGHTPLANES

w
^,鰍
駕無y
and
Nav
yan
鯉･餅
難：
(CaseinGlueAircraftSpecifications)
ThicluicssPlySizeWeightPortOxfoi,dSitka
per100sci・齢．CedarSpruce

t
ofu
rni
shS
tri
ctl
yGr
ade
"A"
Sit
kaS
pru
ceS
par
Sto
ck 1/40318x488.491bs.30c35c
forsmallmodelsormancarrying 1/32318x48I1.00lbs、33c38c
3/64336x6015.92lbs、35c40c
Note:AllAbovePricesPerSq.Ft.
AircraftengineersknowthatCO-VE-COisexceptionallylijrht
GLIDERS inweightwithastrengthfactorfoundinnootherplywood,that
iswhvaneverinereasintrnumbi-i，ofnewplanesuseCo-Ve・CO．

WRITEFORCOMPLETECATALOGANDPRICELIST

C皿ES唾蕊UT r恥InIAV廼醜A WAL蕊Ur FⅡ恥

SI狂IfASE恥UC歴
IEEDCEDA恥 MArL乃 脇八恥nIGUDA OA渡
rLrWOOD EIRCn
HICIKO恥Y I,0.PLAIB
nAT』9A刑?00， MAHOGANx
通ASS1VOOD SPA涜XS皿CEDA室 AS】訂

YOHO&H○○KERLUMBERCO.
521WILLIAMSONAVE YOUNGSTOWN,OHIO
￨
￨
国
 一
〆
ﾉ
FORJUNE.193 PageSeven

’
刀肋笹

変
． 《

”丘、■画④■。
￨
■

● = I
･
‘/
、 下
iJ
f
：』
￨
‘
.;
1 脚
r
､V'

§伽〃研， .
蕊、
LIEUT.E･STIER
Edito搾伽-Chief
================================================’

｜
s,eachda， Thesefiguresmeanmuchmorethanactualstatistics.
enthusiasm
W
hen
ove
r90
,00
0pe
opl
ewi
llp
ayt
oat
ten
dan
air
cra
ft
1931closed
heIndustry
s
how
,it
mea
nso
nly
one
thi
ng,
and
tha
tis
tha
tth
epo
p-
ularinterestinAviationisevident.Onedoesnotneed
Actualsalesreportedamountedto636planes・Over tobe
superlat
ivelycle
vertorea
dthe"han
dwriting
on
90,00
0peoplepas
sedthetur
nstilesdu
ringtheper
iodof thewall".Thepublicdoesnothavetobecomeair
theShow.ThemunicipalairportatDetroit,siteof millded−ITISAIRM INDED・Itisonlyaquestion
t
hee
xpo
sit
ion
,an
dth
esc
ene
oft
hen
ine
day
sof
con
- ofdollarsandcents.
centratedaviationactivities,dronedwiththehumof
hundredsofmot
ors.Nearly$16,000waspa
idforshort Thirtyyear sagotheautomobileappe ared.Inthe
hopsduringtheperiodoftheShow・Operatorsatthe automotiveindustryofyesterdaytherewerescoffers
airportcovered300,000milesofactualairtravelon andskepticsjustthesameaswehavethemtodayin
theseshorth ops,withoutasinglecasualty .Bigships thea
ircrafti
ndustry
.Thensud
denlyont
hehoriz
onap-
andlittleships,transportsandair伍vvers,eachhadits pearedathen
unknownquantity,whose
nametodayis
owncoterieofadmirersandenthusiasts,untilthedoors legio
n."HenryF
ord",with
hiscontra
ption,whi
chwas
closedonthelastday. laterkn
ownastheModel"
T"Ford.Bringing
theauto-
mobiledowntothemasses,hetransformedadormant
AdditionalstatisticsoftheShowrevealthat505
i
ndu
str
yin
afe
wsh
ort
yea
rst
oon
eof
the
gre
ate
st
v
isi
tin
gpl
ane
sla
nde
ddu
rin
gth
eni
ned
ays
oft
heS
how
. industriesintheworld.
Thisisprobablytheheaviestconcentrationofcommer-
c
ial
air
cra
fti
nAm
eri
can
air
act
ivi
tie
s,n
ote
xce
pti
ng So
mewhe
ream
ongth
emany
desi
gners
ande
ngine
ers
theNationalAirRaces. w
hoare
stri
vingt
odev
elopn
ewid
easan
ddes
ignst
hat
w
ill
revo
lut
ion
izet
hea
irc
raft
ind
ust
ry,i
saF
len
ryFo
rd
S
til
l,a
not
her
ite
mfr
omt
her
eco
rds
oft
hea
irp
ort o
fth
eAi
r.T
heS
how
thi
sye
ars
how
edt
het
end
enc
y
showsarecordof10,5951andingsandtake-offs・The o
fso
mef
amo
usd
esi
gne
rst
owa
rds
the
dev
elo
pme
nto
fa
busiestoffieldsseldomevenapproachthatmarkfor ‘
"Li
zzi
e"ofth
eair.Mr.Publiciswaitingforthat
anine-dayperiod.OntheclosingdayoftheShow. "Lizzie"andwhenitarrives,andweknowitwillbe
1
,26
0pe
opl
epa
idf
orf
lig
hts
and
atl
eas
ttw
ice
tha
tma
ny soon
,therewil
lbeaboom
inAviatio
nbeyondt
hew
ild
-
weretakenaloftbydemonstrators. estdreamsofanyofuswhoareinthegame.
Theconsensusofopinionastothebenefitattained Ne
arly
ayear
ago
thi
smag
azine
pro
phe
size
dthel
igh
t
bytheShowseemstopointtothefactthattheShow p l
anee
ra.Th
isyea
r'sS
how,w
ithit
sdis
playo
fligh
t
hasprovedaboontotheaircraftbusiness.Ofthe
8
0pl
ane
sex
hib
ite
dat
the
Sho
w,v
i
atedwith"SOLD"tags.
rt
ual
lya
llw
ere
dec
or- : 離郷･蝋d託錨暁陰.裂職詩慨
thatbeyondanymeasureofdoubt.
PageEi9hi NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEW

ATTHE

一rnIecF九りf

General〃影aofMな伽Hangar.

mainingattendancewastakenupbyspe- DetroitCityAirport,announced,follow-

Ⅳ蝋灘縦灘
cialguestinvitations,bypresspassesand ingthecloseoftheShow,thatairtraf-
bypassesissuedtotheShow's160ex- fieontheairporthadattainedpropor-
hibitors.Approximately18percentofthe tionsseldom,ifever,approachedinthis
dooraeronauticaleventtotakeplacethis totalpaidadmissions,Cooperstated,were country.Landingsandtake-o任so任the
thoseofchildrenunder14yearsofage. air
port's
runwa
ys,he
said,t
otall
ed11,1
35.
year,accordingtofiguresreleasedbyRay Exclusiveofthelargenumberofpersons
Cooper,theShow'smanager.TheShow, Seventeenofthe41airplanemanufac-
heldinthe$1,000,000hangaronDetroit turersexhibitingattheShow,inacheck- goingaloftondemonstrationhops,theto-
talnumberofsightseeingpassengers
CityAirport,closedonApril19,aftera upmadebyShowo伍cialsontheclosing carriedofftheairportduringtheShow
nine-dayrunthatmarkeditasoneof day,reportedordersfor636airplanes, reached5,384.Thesumof$14,568was
themostsuccessfuleventsofitskind v aluedatapproximately$4,652,751".The
everheld. remainingairplaneexhibitorshadnore- collectedbysightseeingoperatorsonthe
Personspayingadmissionatthegate portsreadyforpublication.Duetothe a irport,andthatdoesnotinclude$885
receivedfrompersonstakenonaerialtaxi
Coopersaid,totalled75,102,whiletickets factthattherewere118aircraftacces-
soldinbookspriortotheShows'opening soryexhibitors,nocheckwasattempted hopsbetweenDetroitCityAirportand
reachedapproximately6,000.bringingthe intheircase. otherairportswithintheDetroitarea.
PcrrvA･Fellows,engineer-managerof Atotalof505pilotsregisteredinthe
totalpaidadmissionsto81,000．There- "arrival"columnoftheairportregister

4泌伽伽如indittgexhib〃αｵｵﾙ2Show.
ノ
FORJUNE.193 PageNine

SHO A
Sum
mar
yof
the
Nat
ion
alA
irc
raf
t
ShowHeldinDetroit
craftBureau,DetroitBoardofCom
merce.Supervisorymanagementwasin
thehandsofaBoardofControlcom-
posedoftwomembersoftheAeronautica
ChamberandtwomembersoftheDe-
troitBoard・EdwardS.Evans,presi-
dentoftheDetroitBoard,waschair-
man,andJohnR.Cautley,ofSouthBend
Indiana,vice-chairman,representingthe
Chamber.Col．PhilG・Kemp,Chicago
representingtheChamber,andG.Hall
Roosevelt,Detroit,representingthこ
Board,werethetworemainingmem-
bers.BecausetheShowwastheonlv
majoreventoftheyear,becauseit
launchedoneoftheindustry'sbestsell-
ingseasons,andbecauseitdefinitelvre
vealedthattheindustryisinabetter
conditionthanithasbeenforyears,it
willberememberedasthcmostsignifi-
canteventofitskindeverstaged.

I溌瀧風静t綴:｡綴雛Pressat
L.Lawrence,PresidentoftheAeronau-
ticalChamberofCommerceofAmerica.
statedasfollows:
"The1931NationalAircraftShow
−WfaeWｱoγ砥P胞砿0．
whichclosedtoday,resultedintangible
benefittotheindustry．Exhibitorsre- Th
e鋤"α"
estandl
aiU盛#’1
α抑"β難ﾉ
鮎"edatﾒ
ﾙC67;o'.
Theiﾉli
dgct〆α
抑c,aH
eathPαγ
asol
portedmoresubstantialinterestamong
snugg
lescomf
0rm661
1"!｡"･オ
ル′”向lgof
theル"ge
foj．。城
-moto
rplane.
dealersthanatanytimeduringthepast grat
ifyingl
ysupporte
dlocally
,itwasec
onomicall
yoperate
dbusine
ssandpri-
twoyears.Itistooearlytoappraise m
ostencou
ragingt
onoteth
eattendance
vateplane
sandtoi
mproveth
eefficien
cy
salestraceabletotheShow.Itiscer- andactivit
ywithintheindustr
yitself.andreliab
ilityoftransports・
Theclose
taininmyopinion,however,thatsub- ThenecessitiesdevelopedbygeneraloftheShowfindsaviationconsiderably
stantialimpetushasbeengiventosales. businessconditionsinfluencedincreasedencouraged."
AsidefromthefactthattheShowwas attemptstoprovidecheaperandmore {Continuedonpage12)

StinsonDetroiteroperatedatDetroitbytheN劃tionalGliderandAirplaneNewscarriednearly1,000passengersasguestsof
themagazineduringtheperiodoftheShow.
PageTen NATIONALSLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
ノ
FORJUNE,193 PageEleven

SeenAtTheShow
 PageTwelve NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

dredd
istinguished
visitorsinv
itedby
thesponsors.Acommitteeof19
prominentpublicofficialsandmem-
bersoftheindustrywereappointed
toreceivethoseguests・The･preview
tookplacebetween2and5P.M.on
theopeningday.
＊ ＊ ＊

SUNDAY，APRILl2−DETROIT
DAY:Nospecialeventscheduled.
MayorMurphy,ofDetroit,wasthe
guestofhonor.
＊ ＊ ＊

MONDAY,APRIL13−PILOTS，DAY：
Adinnerandopenmeetingoithe
NationalGliderAssociationtook
placeattheStatlcrHotel.Thismeet-
ingwaspresidedoverby､WilliamB.
Mayo,PresidentoftheAssociation,
andbvEdwardS.Evans,honorary
一rarecF九m0． President.ItwasgiventotheBoard
ofDirectorsoftheorganizationand
AcomeﾉattheShow,sﾉ'0湖加〃〃肥Fγα"ﾙIルルGlidej･fobEか'2sentedtotheWαγwickGlider theirassociates．Motionpictures
Club6vthismagα怠"犯． thatweretakenattheNational
Morethananvotheroneofitsfea- LiketheNationalShowheldinSt GliderMeetatElmira,N.Y､，1ast
tures.theDetroitShowwillberemem-Louisearlyin1930,price-cuttingplayed year,wereshown.
＊ ＊ ＊
beredfortheunusuallylargenumberapartinthedailyactivities.Stinson
ofmidgetairplanesitdisplayed,andAircraftCorporation,whichfirmstartled TUESDAY，APRIL14−STUDENTS〉
whichdisclosedtherecentinclinationoftheindustrywithdrasticreductionsa DAY:Anoondayluncheonmeet-
theindustrytobuildtoward"the-man-theSt.LouisShow,openedthisactivity ingoftheAmericanSocietyofMe-
in-the-street".atDetroitbyannouncinga$1,000reduc- chanicalEngineerswasheldbythat
Ordersformorethan500ofthesetinytioninthepriceoftheirLycomingpow- organizationattheBook-Cadillac
craftwerereportedtakenduringtheeredfour-placeJunior.TheCurtiss- Hotelat12:15P.M.Anaddress
Show.BuhlAircraft,ofDetroit,ledWrightAirplaneCompany,answeredthe byW.IrvingGlover,AssistantPost-
thefieldinthisrespect,havingreportedStinsonchallengebyslicing$1,775off masterGeneralinChargeofAirMail》
gettingordersfor271'one-place"Bullthepriceoftheirfour-placeChallenger andtheshowingofJapaneseliigh-
Pups".AnotherinterestingfeatureofpoweredSedan,orexactly$400underth speedairfoilmotionpicturesby
theShowwastherecordsetbyPitcairnStinsonprice.Anotherpricecutofth Prof.AlexanderKlemin,ofNew
Aviation,Inc.,ofPhiladelphia,whichweekwasannouncedbyGreatLakesAir YorkUniversity,werethefeaturesof
concernsold38autogiros,thenew"wind-craftCorporation,whichconcernreduced themeeting．.
＊ ＊ ＊
mill"typeofaircraft,introducedonthe^epriceoftheTrainer$200.
K皿皿ムLyp瞳QxalrCrax[’1nrroquceqontne
marketfortheinitialtimeatthisShow. WEDNESDAY，APRIL15−ARMY
ANDNAVYDAY:Anexhibition
SincethePitcairnfirmhasnodealers,
a
llo
fth
ecr
aft
wer
eso
ldi
ndi
vid
ual
ly. ofmilitarymaneuversinflightover
Detroitwasgivenbymembersof
theFirstPursuitGroup,Selfridgc
Field.Michigan,crackpilotsofthe
SalesReportDuringthe U.S.ArmyAirService.Amemorial
PeriodoftheShow
tablet,donatedbytheDetroitBoard
ofCommerce,inmemoryofthelate
s%駕鵬ai職綴s僻噂蹴toil CaptainL!M.Woolson,wasun-
veiledattheairportatnoon.At10
salestotaling:$1,652,751,accordinrrto
acheckupmadejustbeforetheclose. A.M・the19thNationalAeronautic
Amajorityofthecraftreportedsold.
itshouldbeexplained,weresoldon meetingoftheSocietyofAutomo-
ordergfrmndeaIer8anddigtributor8･
Asurpri8ing:quantity,however,went
liveEngineersbeganattheBook-
toindividualperson8．Arrangedac- CadillacHotelwithasessionon
cordingtothegrossretailvaluation
ofth⑧crnft・tlleⅢgtfO11owg8 −W”eW“・虹P九O”、
"Aircraft"atwhichthespeakers.were
E.W．Rounds,Washington,andC.
Ⅳo､oブT“鰹 Thelatest伽《‘〃bidｸ""ん'',オルenezvest’"odd J.Clcarv,U.S.ArmyAirService.
Compα刀〃P如刀esVα”“io郷 ofAutogiro.
B面ⅧAircraftCo．．．．．．、271¥338.750 Atthe2P.M・session,whichwas
PitcairnAutogiros．．．．、38322，500 heldon"AircraftDesign",W.Lawr-
RearwinAirplanes.Inc・．ユ26224．o00 AprivatepreviewoftheShow,at-
BellnncaAircraftCorp．．6115.000 cnceLePagc.ICellettAircraftCom-
AmericanEagleAircraft tendedbyseveralhundrednotablemem- pany,andR.V.Rhode,N.A.C.A.,
Corp．．．．．．．…．．．．．、ユ00115,000 bersofindustry,science,law,politics.
StmsonAira、aftCorp．．、ユワ109.500 spoke.Theeveningsessionat8
Curtiis-WrightAirplane diplomacyandart,fromtheUnited P．M.includeddiscussionsonen-
Co．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、2295.696
petroitAircraftCorp．．6810800
States,Canada,andSouthAmerica,and ginesbyArthurNutt,WrightAero-
Greatr"亜k､sAircraft theunveilingofaplaqueinmemoryof nauticalCorp.;RobertInsley,Con-
Corp.．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1470，000 thelateCaptainLionelM.Woolson,chief
ConsolidatedAircraft linentalAircraftEngineCo.;and
CoI，p，．．．．．．．…．．．，．662,825 engineerofthePackardMotorCarCom- G.M.Paulson,G.、B・Corp.
WacoAircraftCo．．．．．．635，000
VervilleAireraftCo．．．坐25,000 pany,whosesuggestionwasinstrumental ＊ ＊ ＊
NiCho1as･BeazleyAirPlane intheerectionofthe$1,000,000structure
Co．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1024，230
BirdAircraftCorp．．．．．520．000
inwhichtheexpositionwasheld,were THURSDAY，APRIL16−LADIESシ
DriggsAircraftCo．．．．．26，000 highpointsofthenine-dayprogram. DAY:AtiOA.M.thesecondday
Amphibians.Inc．．．．．．．ユ5,800 ofsessionsbytheS.A､E.,openedby
FranklinGliderCorp.．．2ユ,650
− − ， ■ ScheduleofSpecialEventsatthe ameetingon"AmphibionandSea-
636＄10652.,7“ AircraftShow planeDevelopment".Thespeakers
兜九e“o妙e““．e蛾eo抑〃on“o秘to／t“ wereIgorSikorsky,SikorskyAvia-
ilairplanemα九ufacturersattheSkous SATURDAY，APRIL11−PRESI・ tionCorp.;andLesiterMilburn,
”んofe"o”eα蛾eかsaIes． DENT'SDAY:Privatepreviewof
theShow,attendedbyseveralbun- (Continuedo>ルクage74)
／

FORJUNE.193 P
age
Thi
rte
en

"SKYCAR"
○neottheSensationsoftheC h◎w 轡

一ｑ唾、
ー

一言；．

画
,｡.．‘UP‘｡.‘金 唾
．−％．、苧・9・隈
．‘’”恥・,綴 ●

揖
i 画 曇。 誠珂・
■

¥
噌 『 、

殿 、延．
1 ，識
■ β 町 ' q
u
コーマ

翻
瀞． 角
二

略〃q 〒
KももIE

Pロ博屋T
苧:L−畠垂．
一一

一一画鳥かJ
g

If

d 』 』
■

‘雛&灘“．圃晶剛． ＄ 』 r 4

−−4eP･o-D"“#P九o”
S〃‘秒陀zvoftﾉie75H.F."S〃yCaγ”

tomakeJohnJ.Publicfeelmoreathome

A藩灘難｛灘
toanair-mindedpublicattheNational
andkeephimfromworryingabouthis

vogueatalltheairports.
暇
E織r
認鮮血
oto
rwh
ich
dri
ves
abilitytogetthemotorgoinginthe the"SkyCar"bymeansofapusherpro-
laboriousmannerthatappearstobein p eller-mountedincidentally，betweenthe
steelmembersofanoutriggertail,where
AircraftShowinDetroit.Forthepres- Thereisabrakelever,also,atthe itispracticallyimpossiblefortheunin-
entitiscalledthe"SkyCar",designed pilot'sleft,curiouslyreminiscentofthe formedcurioustoblunderintoit-isen-
byWilliamB.Stout,creatorofthegiant OldModelT"emergency"butpossessed t irelyenclosedandperfectlystreamlined
tri-motoredFordall-metalmonoplanes ofotherqualitiesthanthemereabilityto withinanafterextensionofthecabin.
usedonsomanyofAmerica'spassenger lockthe"SkyCar's"wheelswhilewarm- InstartingthedevelopmentoftheRover
airlines,thoughthepublic,initsusual ingupthemotor;aningeniousdevice
Engine,overtwoyearsago,theMichigan
fashion,islikely,eventually,todubit thatpermitsone-handedapplicationof Aero-EngineCorporationwasconvinced
somethingmuchlessformal. thebrakestoeitherwheelforpurposesof ofthedistinctadvantagesofthisadvanced
Thenewplaneisaradicaldeparture turningaround-afeaturefrstfoundon typeofengine,havemadeeveryeffort
fromcontemporaryaircraft,designedto thetri-motoredFordmonoplane・The tocombinethesefeaturesofdesignto
catchtheeyeofthegeneralpublicand rudderisoperatedbyfloorpedals,quite
lenditselftoanalmostperfectlystream-
therebymakeamanintheskyoutof likethosewithwhichthedriversofthe linedinstallation,aruggedsimpleac-
themaninthestreet.Insomeways,it first"flivvers"learnedtooperatetheir ccssiblearrangementandthemaximum
showsadistinctreturntopioneerprin- machines. rcliabilitv.
ciplesofconstruction,butthemostpro-
nouncedfeatureofthe"SkyCar"isthe
attemptitrevealstomakethemanwho
drivesacarfeelathomeinanairplane
Firstofall,itstwo-placecabinhas
alltheattributesofacomfortableclosed
car,thetandemseatsbeingreached
throughadoorsimilartothatfoundon
atwo-doorautomobilesedan.Thisis
raisedonlyafootfromthegroundso
thatthe"SkyCar"'canbeenteredeven
moreeasilythantheaverageauto・Once
inside,thefirstthingthatcatchesthe
eyeisastandardFordignitionswitch
andsafetykeyonthedash−orinstru-
mentboard-ifonerememberstothink
inaeronauticalterms.ThereisaFord
self-starterbuttononthefloor・too,iust
Ft℃ntviezvofthe75H.P."S,ﾙyCar".
PageFourteen
，q
漁 魅
一一
瞬『
邸 毒‘・河、
黙
一 q
脳 removablefilteringscrewtoallmajor
堅一〃瓦
’
麹，
妻 locatedjustoutsidethedeliveryofthe
こぎ
鎧 itisconnected.Cylinderwalls,cam-
TheirlatestenlargedModel,theR-267,
hasrecentlybeengrantedasecondAp-
provedTypeCertificate,No.VI,witha
newandhigherrating-of75H.P.at1975
R.P.M.
Thisnewenginehasbeendevelopedas
acompleteunitand!iasbeensubjectedto
veryrigidtestsbothonthegroundand
intheair・Duetoitsshape,andvery
lowfrontalarea,itoffersmanyinterest-
ingnewpossibilitiesforfastsporting
single-seatersaswellasmulti-eiigincd
winginstallations.
Thefollowinggeneraldescriptionwill
giveaclearimpressionthatinthisnew
RoverEngineeveryefforthasbeenmade
loproduceanenginewhichwill,with
reasonablecare,givedependableevery-
dayservice.
TheRoverR-267Enginehasabore
andstrokeof4､125by5",givingatotal
[jistondisplacementof267.28cu.in.
Thecompressionratiois5.1to1.
Theguaranteedfuelandoilconsump-
tionare、55-58and，010-..015Ib./H.P.
Hr.respectively.
Theaverageweightoftheengine(dry)
completewithpropellerhub,exhaustsys-
tern,carburetorairheater,coolingair
scoopandmountinglugs,allofwhich
arefurnishedasregularequipment.、is
232lbs.
T脇f磯鯨齢綱hich跳躍
;ibearingbetweeneachcylinderforboth
crankandcamshaft.Therearmain
crankwebcarriesallaccessorydrives.
Thisarrangementpermitsofaperma-
nent,integralpressureoilingsystem
wliichisfedfromonepointatthejunc-
NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
dividuallyasanassembly,operatethe
rockerarmsthroughball-endedsteelpush
rods・Therockerarmsareindividually
supportedonforgedsteelbrackets.
studdedintothecylinderheads.
Concentricvalvespringsaresecured
tothevalvestemsbyasplitconeand
washer.Rockerarmshaveanadjusting
screwatthepushrodendandaroller
atthevalvestemend,andoperateona
壁 bronzebushed"Alemite"lubricatedbear-
ingoverahardenedandgroundsteel
sleeve.Theentirevalvegeariscom-
竺 醸
pietelyinclosedfromdirtandmoisture
byasinglestampedmetalhousingas-
sembly.
c銑偲&錨縦淵鯛t蝋
supplytankandforcestheoilthrougha
雲
bearingsbyanintegralsystemofpas-
一難雲燕
sages.
寺琴一電記
Anadjustablepressurereliefvalveis
pressurepumpandalloilbi-passedby
一望
thisvalveisreturnedtothetankthrough
thescavangedischargelinewithwhich
shaft,tappets,etc.,arelubricatedby
splashthrownfromthemainandcon-
nectingrodbearings.
openingsineachcrankcasewebatthe
bottompermitstheoiltoruneitherfor-
wardorbackward,dependingonthepo-
sitionoftheengine.Asrapidlyasoi》
accumulatesateitherendofthecrank-
caseitisdrawnbj'anindependentscav-
tionofthegearcasecover.Thecrank- angingpumpandreturnedtothesupply
tank.
casecoverisaverylightaluminumal-
Twoflange-mountedScintillamag-
loycasting,incorporatingthebreatheron
netossupplydualignitiontoeachcyl-
toptowardstherear.
inder.Theright-handnuignetoisfitted
Thecrankshaft,whichisaconventional
withanautomaticimpulsestartercoup-
four-throw,five-bearingtype,ismachined
lingtoinsureeasystarting.
alloverfromalloysteel,boredhollow
TheStromberg-NA-RScarburetoris-
throughoutandcarefullybalanced.
fittedwithanair-heaterarrangement
Vcrvgeneroussizeintcrchangeablこ withmanualcontrolforhotandcoldair.
type,steel-backed,babbitt-linedmain Asimple,hotairmu任arrangement,which
bearingsareused・Incorporatedinthe
isapartofthestampedsteelexhaustsys-
frontmainbearingcapisadeep-grooved
tern,suppliesheatedairtothecarburetor
singlerowballbearing,whichtakespro- air-heater.Therockerarmcoverand
pellerthrustloadsineitherdirection.Re- themaincoolingairscoop,aresheetalu-
movablebronzebushingsareusedfor
minumstampings,andarereadilyre-
camandaccessorydriveshaft. movable,asshown,forinspectionand
TheconnectingrodsareofforgedDura- adjustmentoftheengine.
lumin,H-section.usingsteel-backed,bab- Provisionismadeforinstallationof
bitt-linedbigendandshrunkbronzepis- thevarioustypesofstartersnowonthe
tonpinbearings. market,butwhicharenotfurnishedas
Pistonpinsarcofthefullfloating-type regularequipment.Fourboltsfastenthe
usingsphericalbronzeendplugs. engineintotheairplaneandallcon-
Analuminumalloycylinderheadis trolsareattherear,which・simplifies.
shrunkandboltedtoacastnickel-iron
installationintheairplane.
cylinderasapermanentassembly,using The"engineroom"ofthe"SkyCar""
copper-as
bestosgaskets. isseparatedfromthepassengercompart-
Bronzevalveseatsandsparkplug mentnotonlybytheconventionalmetal:
bushingsareshrunkandscrewedintopo- fire-wallimmediatelyinfrontofthemo-
sition,removablevalveguidebushings tor,butbyanairspacehousingthe-
arepressedinplace. starterbattery,etc.,andbyadouble-
Conventionalribbed-type,die-castalu- covered,sound-proofwall,extending
minum-alloypistonsareused,having fromrooftofloor,betweenthisspace
threeringsaboveandonescraperring andthecabin.
belowthepistonpin.
Asingle,five-bearingcamshaft,located
inthecrankcase,isdrivenbyasimple '髄c幾M謡<nandthe謡温hat
spurgeararrangement.Thetachometer thepropellerresultsinallnoisesfrom
driveconnectionengagesdirectlywith thepowerplantbeingleftbehindoncethe-
therearendofcamshaft. "SkyCar"isintheair.Practicallythe
Bronzebushed,flat,mushroom-type onlysoundthatreachespilotandpas-
("iiiifollowers,whichmayberemovedin- scngeristherushofairaroundthecabim
 −

FORJUNE.193
P
age
Fif
tee
n

一 団 ' 二

＝巳〆
言

NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
P
age
Six
tee
n

FAMO
OF
ENGLISH

毎∼ 三 一 一

-----

道
==…
、］

DeHavilland(Napier)"Hound".HolderofThreeWorld'sAirRecords.

T謡継severheldin"鵡搬無
Ⅱ蕊灘職灘輔輔鱗嚇
u
-it
hah
eav
ier
-th
an-
air
mac
hin
ewh
ich
car
-Li
onf
rom
all
par
tso
ftl
ic¥
¥'o
rld
,be
cau
s
wonwithmonotonousregularitybyNapier
c
ngi
ncd
mac
h
e wonthiscontestandfurthertriumphs
in
es.
In1
919
,19
21,
192
2an
d
1924aeroplanesfittedwithNapierengines
itisanenginewhichhasbuiltupauni- werenotsecuredbecause,sincethatdate.
riedapilot.
In
they
ear
sbe
twe
en,pr
ogres
sha
sbe
env
ersal
reput
ati
ono
nrel
iabil
ity・
Int
he owingtolackofentrants,theracehas
f
ast.I
tisd
oub
tfuli
fanys
cienc
eha
sever
Royal
AirFo
rcea
ndint
heser
vice
of notbeenflown.
b
efo
remad
esu
cli
remar
kab
lestr
ides
ash
asImp
eri
alAi
rways
ith
asest
abl
ish
edfor
it- In1923thespeedattainedbythewin-
a
viati
onint
hefir
stbrief
quart
erofac
cn-sel
fanam
eofwhic
hanye
ngine
manu- n
ing
machi
ne-aGloste
r-Napier-w
asl92.4
t
ury
.So
rap
idl
y,t
hat
the
his
tor
ian
lia
sfa
ctu
rcr
wou
ldb
e_p
rou
d,a
ndt
hep
ilo
ts m.p.h.roundatriangularcourseofjust
s
car
cel
yha
dti
me'
tor
eco
rdt
hep
ass
ing
ofo
fth
eRo
yal
Air
For
cea
ndI
mpe
ria
lAi
r- over200miles.ButtheNapierLion's
superiorityforhighspeedworkwasde-

t
h
e
v
e
n
t
s,
p
e
r
f
o
r
^r
;
-
:
^
.
!
^
zr
i
J
i
^
'
i
r
^i
T
^
-
!
;
^t
-
^
r
z
f
^,
:
i
n
p
i
l
e
do
n
w
a
y
s
a
r
ea
s
o
u
n
d
a
nd
e
x
p
e
r
i
e
nc
e
d
j
u
d
g
e
s
finitel
yestablishe
dwhen,in192
7,Great
BritaintriumphantlywontheSchneider

i
e
r
f
o
m
a
n
c
e
,
d
w
a
c
h
i
ev
m
n
t
h
a
s
g
i
e
r
n
d
h
s
c
ie
t
.
i
,
^
c
a
r
e
f
u
l
S
T
i
s'
^
J
t
^
i
p
r
e
d
t
o
mv
e
t
h
n
w
s
b
o
r
n
f
m
a
'
s
re
-
i
;
Z
z
:
r
J
^
'
*
=
-z
^
t
i
;
:
-
^
*
e
z
r
:^
-
s
x
.
'
:
z
i
a
.
--
o
b
v
w
h
s
e
m
a
c
i
n
s
t
ac
h
i
e
v
d
y
,
a
n
e
c
h
d
s
t
oe
h
m
a
n
y
c
i
e
v
m
n
t
s
o
fh
e
n
g
i
,
t
h
e
r
TrophyraceatVenice.Thatsettheseal
onacrescendoofsuccess・InthisIn-
ternationa!raceonlytwomachineswere
ablet
ocompletethe
course;Fligh
tLleuts.
S.N.Webster,A.F.C.,andO.E.Wors-
l
ey,b
othf
lyin
gSup
erma
rin
e-N
apl
ers
ea-
pl
anes
fitt
edwi
thNa
pie
ren
gin
esw
ere
the

p
r
e
s
t
i
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
l
a
nd
b
y
w
h
o
s
e
m
a
n
sd
a
r
e
f
w
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
re
n
i
1
9
c
h
i
n
e
!
f
i
t^
;
S
,
7
B
r
i
s
,
e
n
gi
e
a
n
d
K
-
^
'
A
j
;
F
-
yw
h
o
s
e
m
a
c
h
i
n
e
s
i
ts
a
c
h
i
e
v
d
o
T
h
e
rm
e
n
t
s
w
h
i
c
s
h
o
u
l
db
e
r
c
o
r
d
e
・
firstandsecond-andtheonlytwo-tofin-

w
a
st
he
S
ch
ne
i
de
rT
r
op
hy
r
ac
ea
t
Ve
ni
c
eT
ow
a
ri
ce
r
sw
he
n
am
ac
h
in
er
l
dm
ar
- ishthisstrenuouscontest-40mins・flying
withtheengineatfullthrottle-theformer
attheaveragespeedof281.669m.p.h.and
Worsleywithanaverageof273.6m.p.h.

s
t
i
m
9
2
7
・
I
w
e
r
o
n
b
y
’
a
B
h
-
v
l
d
g
u
c
t
V
i
,
w
e
T
s
p
r
f
o
m
a
n
d
"
j
-
x
t
l
,
e
h
i
n
a
r
y
o
uf
d
t
w
欝
v
b
e
l
s
i
n
c
m
a
,
o
I
r
d
t
h
u
g
f
e
w
-
v
.
k
l
i
n
r
s
t
a
cy
e
b
h
A
M
P
o
,
p
d
n
g
i
s
-
t
a
r
C
l
u
w
e
c
h
v
y
i
s
t
o
n
a
r
'
f
u
e
l
pg
v
c
i
m
d
s
W
o
r
b
a
u
e
n
t
w
h
g
m
k
p
s
c
i
T
e
a
n
,
d
f
t
h
r
o
s
ul
y
i
w
m
c
e
a
b
f
t
d
h
n
r
A
s
o
u
p
w
e
f
i
t
N
a
n
g
s
r
o
-
u
v
b
y
c
m
l
e．
砿
i
a
t
h
'
n
o
p
g
l
u
d
e
w
r
k
a
y
t
h
n
i
o
p
s
c
v
-
T
照Na
pie
r,職
s,品
thi
soc
cas
ion
f
rom
man
ycl
ime
spa
idu
nqu
all
fle
dtr
ibu
te
tothisallBritishachievement.
Thegreatpossibilitiesofthisremark-
ableenginehadbeenknownbefore,but
onlynowweretheyfullyrealized;and
placedthehallmarkuponNapier'ssue-
cessesintheaero-engineworld.
OnlytwicehasaBritishmotorbeen
installedInthewinnerofthisinternational
race-1922andl927-andoneachocCasion

t
r
i
o
w
h
c
g
t
m
a
k
e
u
p
s
c
t
h
n
i
e
x
s
c
.
T
h
m
a
i
n
e
.
us
T
h
a
t
i
w
y
e
N
a
p
i
r
L
o
n
e
g
i
h
a
s
I
n
p
e
d
c
o
t
s
he
N
a
p
i
r
L
o
n
h
a
s
p
i
e
d
o
m
u
c
h
t
w
i
h
e
s
t
a
b
l
i
h
m
e
n
tc
a
r
i
d
l
b
e
f
o
r
i
t
.
I
s
u
c
e
h
a
v
t
o
f
h
e
p
r
-
m
in
c
e
o
f
B
r
l
t
s
i
a
v
o
n
.
b
e
w
i
t
h
o
u
p
a
r
l
e
y
s
T
h
in
o
m
e
a
s
u
T
h
t
o
i
n
h
e
l
a
s
t
o
f
r
e
n
s
c
l
a
i
m
b
u
t
fs
a
n
d
i
g
u
r
e
p
o
v
I
t
.
n
y
h
e
r
g
i
n
thesuccessfulenginewasaNapier,
DuringtheracefortheSchneiderTro-
phytheWorld'sspeedrecordforthe100
machine・
theninexistence･ kilometreswasshattered,aspeedof283.313
ThatiswhytheNaPierLionenginehaslnspeedconteststheNapierLionhas m.p.h.beingsetupbyFlightLieut.Web-
sterforthisdistance.
hadsomuchtodowiththeestablishmentcarriedallbeforeit、Itssuccesseshave
o
fthePre
-emin
enceo
fBrit
ishav
iatio
n・bee
nwith
outpar
allel
・This
isnom
ean Twelvemonthslateronthesamema-
Tha
t，t
ooisn
otthe
least
ofthe
reaso
nscla
imbut
fact
san
dfigu
respr
oveit
． chineandwiththesameNapierengine
 FORJUNE.193 PageSeventeen

USAIRACHIEVE
M ENTS
AFAMOUS
ENGINE

知一滝も

一鴇
鐸マー

﹄ム
一﹃“
FlightLieut.D．D'ArcyG[･eig,D.F.C..
A.F.C.,anotherRoyalAirForceofficer.
一簿聯〃卿繍↑総

atCalshot,nearSouthampton,attainedover
threekilometres,aspeedof319.57m.p.h.
Nohumanbeinghaseverbeforetravelled
atsuchastaggeringvelocity.Sixtimes
didthisbrilliantofficerflyoverthecourse,
havingthemachineunderperfectcontrol 〆"へ一塁

thewholetimeandflyingwithsplendid

﹄一
judgment.

﹁一
Whendivingatthecommcnccuientof
eachrunFlightLieut.Greighadhisen-
gineturningoveratevengreaterrevolu-
tionsthanwasthecaseintheSchneider
Trophyrace,andyetonbeingtakendown
theenginewasfoundtobeinexcellent
eondition,andtohavecomethroughthe
-mechanicalordealperfectly.
ThereliabilityoftheNapierenginehas
beenprovedoverandoveragain.Itsrepu-
tationintheRoyalAirForceissecond
tonone.SomeNapierengineshaverun
for500hoursbeforebeingtakendownfor
三・

completeoverhaul.

蕊
w脇『撫闘職誤職蝋・縦 、

surprisingthattheRoyalAirForcehave
invai･iablyturnedtotheNapierengine ＆
whentherehasbeenanylongoroutstand- ／”
'
ず

ingflighttohesuccessfullyundertaken, 畳ホーー
someflightuponwhichthereputationof j
〉’
三〃
theRoyalAirForceisstaked・Thefirst
officiallongdistancereliabilityflightwas
thatwhichwascarriedoutin1926byfour
FaireyaircrafteachfittedwithaNapier
毎．一星
Ｆ−
Ｉ

Lionengine,underthecommandofWing 一 旬

CommanderC.W,H・Pulford,O.B､E..
A.F.C.TheflightwasfromCairotoCape ＝づﾛ些〆
TownandbacktoEngland−atotalof
56,000enginesmiles.Themachineskept
toaprearrangedtimetableandflewin
formationthroughoutthewholedistance,
throughtropicalweather,rainandsand-
storms,andtheengines,withneverafal-
ter.accomplishedthecompleteventurewith- f…偶
outthesuspicionoftrouble. h

Inthefollow'ngyear,fourotherNapier
englnedaircraft，underAirCommodore. Gloster-Napier・WinneroftheLastThreeAerialDerbys.

I｜
ﾛｰｰ

NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
PageEighteen

一□・一
1.eplacementshave
一 一

琴義勇 害
嘉 ．晴藍鐸

二︽一︼一
冒頭
串
韓 beennecessary
andthcvarestill
inverygoodcon-
dition．．.each
謹琴=･ー enginehascom-
pletcdover300
hoursflying."

〆彬蝿熟︲慨
Atotalenginemile-
ageof180,000was
flownbytheNapier
engineswithout
changeofengineor
／、 anytroublewhatso-
、−W
〆
0 、

'、”賑'満､ ever.Thiscruisewas
thefirstformation
flightsuccessfully

一
completedoversucha

鐸一一一
longdistanceandin-

一
雲よ
eludedthefirstaerial

一
鉢 一 一 一 一 一

coastingotIndia.
Incommentingupon
thewonderfulachieve-
ment,followingasit
‘
｣雷
‘写 doessomanyother
successfullongdis-
ー ▲ 一 ■ 一 ー

tanceflightsforthe
R.A.F.,"Flight"re-
ferstotheNapier
Lionengineas"the
enginewhichnevei
letstheR.A.F・down.，、
Anotherperforin-
ance,asdenotingthe
FourFai rey(Napier)111 -DAircraf上Arrivinga tLee-On-So lentAfterFly ingF
r mCairotoCapeTownremare
o km
aar
bka
leb
rl
ee
lre
il
ai
ba
ibi
ll
ii
tt
y
andBacktoEngland,56,000Miles. oftheNapierengine.
wastheflightfrom
EnglandtoIndia ,cr
ar
ri
rie
ed
do
ou
ut
tb
bvythe
theRRo
oy
ya
al
l
C.R.Samson,C.M.G.,D.S.O.,A.F､C,car- duringthiscruiseisbestsummedup AirForce.
riedoutaflightoverthesameroute,ex- thewordsoftheCommandingO圧icer
ceptthatonthisoccasiontheyfinishedat "Thesamecrews,aircraft,en- AFaireymonoplane,tittedwithasingle
CairoInsteadofcontinuingbacktoEng- gines,etc.,whichhadflownfrom NapierLionenginepilotedbySquadron
land.TheNapierenginesflew44,000en- Englandwereusedthroughoutthis LeaderA.G.Jones-Williams,M.C..and
ginemilesonthisflight・Thesameregu- cruisefromSingapore,roundAus- FlightLieut.N.
H・Jenkins ,
O､B.E ..D.F.C..
larity,samepunctualityinadheringtothe traliaandbacktoSingapore. D.S.M.,at10.40a.m.onApril24th,1929
time-tableandthesamesuccessattended "Theaircraftandenginesofthe leftCranwellAerodrome,Lincoln,England.
thiscruiseasthepreviousone. Flighthaveallb
eenmostsatisfac- FlyingviaGermany,BagdadandthePer-
Therewas,in1928and1929,further tory,andhavegivennotroubleof sianGu
lf,themachin
edidnotaligh
tuntil
officialRoyalAirForce伍ightsoverthis anyconsequenceandhavecaused theeveningofApril26thwhenKarachi
routeand､againtheenginescamethrough noforcedlanding,onlvveryminor wasreached.Thetotaldistancecovered
withoutafalter・Foursuccessiveyears
hasthisflightbeencarriedoutwithNa-
一 一 一
一 一 車 一 、

pierengines,andonnooccasionhasthe
engineletthepilotsdown.
Thereis,too,thatgreater,perhaps,ofall
Napierreliabilityachievementstodate.On
October17th,1927,theresetoutfromPly-
mouthfourSupermarlnc"Southampton"
flyingboatseachfittedwithtwoNapier
engines.Thesemachines,underthecom-
mandofGroupCaptainH.M.Cave-
Browne-Cave,D.S.C,flewtoAustralia
andtheFarEast.Flyinginformation
andkeepingtoapre-arrangedtimetable.
fromwhichtheydidnotdeviateinany
respect,thesemachinesonSeptember
15th,1928,completedtheirstrenuous
cruisewithouthavingexperiencedthe
leastmechanicaltrouble.
Attheconclusionofthe､flightthe"Aero-
plane”ofJanuaryl6thstatedthat:一
"Withallduerespecttotrans-
At
lantic
flyers
,tran
s-Paci
ficfly
ers,
round-the-worldflyersandstunt
flyersgenerally,weinthiscountry
nowsafelyclaimthatthisall-
Britishall-metalflightisthegreat- 垂〃〆 一

estachievementyetInaviation.”
Howsuccessfuldidtheenginesfunction TheD.H.9(Napier)WhichAttainedanAltitudeof30,500Ft・in1919.
 − −

FORJUNE,193
PageNineteen

withoutstopwas4,130
milesandthetimethe
machineremainedin
theairwas50hrs
38mins.
Thiswastheiirst
non-stopflightbe
tweenEnglandand 唖 ＝

Indiaandestablished
anewBritishrecord 胃灘琴 盲勇零巧
fordistancecovered 誤謬毎
inastraightline.

A 篭｡雛棚唾'霧
GreatBritainwith
machinesofclasses
otherthanlightaero-
planes,areheldwith
aircraftfittedwith
Napierengines.
Apartfromthe100
kilometreWorld'srcc-
ord,aDeHavilland
"Hound"aircraftfit- 畷
tedwithNapieren-
gineandpilotedby
CaptainH.S.Broad
巳守子C
ー
一 室 一
‐寸か‘略

securedthreeWorld's
recordsasfoI1ows:一 壱宗荒 −
一ｂ８

口一一
今一店、配

一室、

春︾

一一一．

一寺
一︽一㎡。、一・一．
−判

一
Over100kilo-
metreswithaload −−０
句 b 公 一

イ.二二台.…
二一
of1,000kilo-
grams,whenhe
‐ーーーー亘酋y▼▼ー＝一ｰーーpp-

averagedaspeed FourSupermarine-NapierFlyingBoatsLeavingPlymouthon糧： FlighttoAustraliaandBacktoSingapore.

of162.292m.p.h.
Over500kilometreswithaloadrecordforaircraftcarryinghalf outflig
htswherer
eliabilitya
ndhighef
fi-
of1,000kilograms. thisload.
ciencyhav
ebeenthespecia
lrequirem
ents.
Hisaveragespeedoverthisdis- CommandanteFranco,thefamousSpan-
tancewas158.663m.p.h・whichere- TheNapierenginehasbeenselectedon ishAirman,whomadethefirstnon-stop
atedathirdworld'srecordasthismanyoccasionsfor.useinforeignaircraft crossing
oftheSouthAtlan
ticOcean,
chose
speedbeatthepreviousWorld'swhentheyhavebeendesirousofcarrying theNapierenginefoor
rh
hi
is
sf
fl
li
ig
gh
ht
t.
.O
On
nh
hi
is
s
w
wh
ho
olleiourney
ej vfrom
SpaintoSouthAmer
icahecoveredadis-
tanceof6,259milesin
59l4hours,including
1,440milesnon-,stop
flightacrosstheSouth
AtlanticOcean.
OnarrivalatBuenos
篭が蕊

AiresCommandante
審鮎誰侭袖︾︾疹峠︽上一一やり

Francostatedthathe
hadnotexperienced
ハ anytroublethrough-
塞牛Ｂ

ー ●

outwithhisengines
滝へ．＃︲／一一秘珂一

andthatbothNapiers
製雪

wereinexcellentcon
蕊、

ア
モ

di
tion
.
舜

ゲタ
Anothersp1endid
今 歩 一 ＝
y 典も 、 0

achievementofth
Napierenginewas
一毒害ご'5｡＝‘ｰ“∼ thatoftheGerman
SeaplaneCompetition
whichwasheldat
Warnemundetodis-
coverthebestGerman
− commercialseaplane
Therewere17en
trants,onebeingfitted
withaNapierengine.
Thecompetitionwas
particularlystrenuous
andonlythreema-
chinesvirereableto
survive,theNapier
TheSupermarine-Napier"S-5"WinningtheSchneider･TrophyatVenice1927. beingfirsthaving
PageTwenty NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

︷毒
雲 塞 謹 護霊
comethroughsuccess-

一
fullvwithoutapen-
altymark.
TheCommercial 一

ServiceNapiershave
awonderfulrecordof
reliability.Eighteen
Napierenginesare
usedbyImperialAir-
waysandtheyhave
coveredover3,000,000
miles.Oneenginere-
centlycompleted478
hoursbeforebeing
takendownforcom-
pleteoverhaul. _鋒、w
￥ 、
Itisarecordwith- 註

outequalthatthe 一一べ

Napierengineholdsin
theannalsofflying. 争一り ’
{
Theachievementsre- 硬詞

ferredtoareperform-
ancesoutsidetheor-
dinarydailyduties,but
everyday,everyweek, 鯉型
monthin,monthout
Napierenginesare
givingtheirusersre- 守一彦寺一当−−一亭百一一・
．一一一・一一一一一一．＝一琴言＝室寺
markableserviceinall
partsoftheWorld. F一一一F。一一一一

Inallcountries,an! 一

underaltconditions
■一一

_｡＝q

theseenginescarryon 当一難孟詫
inthesamewavwith-
Monoplane W
outafalter,givingtheFairey(Napier)I hichMadetheFirstNon-StopFlightfromEnglandtoIndia,4,130Miles.
minimumoftrouble,
requiringthesmallestamountofattention SOUTHAMERICANHOP
andyetdoingtheirjobinanefficientman- PLANNEDBYHINKLEK
ner,everdemonstratingtotheWorldthe BriefSp
ecificat
ionsof
highstandardofBritishengineering. NapierRacingEngines
ThetypeofNapierengineillustratedbe- AustralianPilotHasPurchaseda
(SeriesVHB
low,:wasfittedtotheSupermarine-Napier
S-5seaplanewhichbroughttheSchneider Numbex・ofcylinders．，．．．．．．．．．．、1 PussMothMonoplane-Starts
TrophybacktoEnglandin1927・Flight Bore．．．．．．．．．．．．..5ViInches FromU、s.
LieutS.N、Webster,A､F､C,R.A.F､， Stroke．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．､5J/2inches
completedthecourseofover200milesat CompressionRatio..．．．。．．．．、10to
.Maximumpowerdeveloped
a:speedof281.6m.p.h・Duringtherace
FlightLt.WebstersetupanewWorld
sp
eedr
eco
rdfo
r100
kil
omet
res,
vis
.,28
3.,3
13
S75H・P･:itJ,300R.P・M
W.-iKlUwithouti･eductiongear B珊閣§磯d曾撫:侭謂溌
s351bs･
monoplaneinTorontoandplansaflight
m.p.h、、 Weightwithi､educliongeai，．920lbs･ fromsomepointintheUnitedStatesto
Asimilartypeofenginewasalsoin- Overallheight...．2ft.,imin SouthAmerica.
stalledinthecarwithwhichthelateSir Overallwidth．．．．．．．．、3ft.,2^in
Overalllength...．．．．．、5ft.,614in FromSouthAmericaHinklerwillprob-
HenrySegravesetupaworld'slandspeed Oilconsumption．．．．．3gals・perhour
recordof231､36m.p.h.,andinhismotor FuelConsumption．．、nogals,perhour
ablyshiphisaeroplanetoEngland,where
boat"MissEngland"withwhichhesetup hewillsetoutinaflighttoAustraliain
arecordspeedforsingleenginedmotor anattempttorecapturehisEngland-Aus-
traliasoloflightrecord.

ItispossiblethatHinklermayflyfrom
.SouthAmericaacrossthesouthernAtlan-
tic,butitisconsideredmoreprobablethat
hewillsavehimselfforhischiefambition
-thatofregainingtheAustralianHight
recordheestablishedin1928andwhich
stooduntillastsummerwhenafellowcoun-
tryman.KingsfordSmith,betteredhistime.
Hinkleriskeepinghisintentionssecret,
butitisfairlycertainthathewillmake
theSouthAmericanhop.Itisknownthat
hewilleventuallyreturntoAustralia,but
whatroutehewillchooseisunknown.It
hasbeensuggestedthathemayflythe
Atlantic,butitismuchmoreprobablethat
hewillgotoLondon,whetherbyairor
NapierEngine
bvsteamer,andflvtoAustralia.
FORJUNE.193 P
age
Twe
nty
-on
e

PRACTにALSOARING
ByLieut.RalphS Barnaby
U．5.Ⅳα”

戸、HEgliderstudentwhohas terestinthisconnection.TliisIsasmall
passedhissecondarytestsand sectionofthe"dlidiiigDiagram"fora
- - -
isreadytostartsoaring,hasa goodlUilitytypeglider.inthisgraidi
supremeexperiencecomingto gliderair-speedsareplottedtoscalefrom
him.Onlywhensoaringdoesonereally theorigin0attheanglescorresponding
learntheexhilarationoftrue伍ght,float- totheflightpathsorglidinganglesat
Ingswiftlyandsilentlythroughtheair, whichtheyareobtained.Thecurveso
heldupbyanunseenbutpositiveforce. formedisacharacteristicofeachglider,
Itisflyingsuchaswehaveal!dreamed varyingwiththeaerodynamicproperties
ofatonetimeoranother. oftheglider.Theverticaldistancefrom
Itwill,however,callfornewalertness OHtoapointonthecurveisthesinking
onthepartofthesoaringaspirant.No speedatthatpoint,andhasbeenlaid
longermayhebecontentsimplytomain- outforconvenienceinfeetpersecond.
tainhisflyingspeedandguidehiscraft Thedistancefrom0tothatpointisthe
tothedesiredlandingspot.Hemust gliderair-speedtothesamescale,but
learntogaugetheup-currents.toknow markedoffinmilesperhour.Thefigures
whenhisgliderisrising,whenitissink- atthepointsalongthecurvearethe
Ing,andtosuit・theglider'sair-speedto winganglesofattackatthosepoints.
theseconditions・Hemustkeepaclose Owingtotheflatnessofthispositionof
watchontheterrainbelowhimanden- thecurvetheairspeedmayhechanged
deavortokeepintheregionsofbest considerablywithoutgreatlyafﾓecting
li
ft. thesinkiuj;;speed.Inthecaseofthis
Incross-countrysoaring,one'seye particularglider,whoseminimumsink-
mustalwaysbeatleastonejumpahead. ingspeedIsabouttwofeetpersecond
Havingspottedonefavorablesiteahead, whenglidingatbetween15and16to1
onemustinstantlylookontowardthe atanangleofattackofS.6degreesand
nextsite,inmuchthesamemannerthat anair-speedof21milesanhour,the
willbewellrememberedbythosewho speedmaybecuttoaslowas18.6miles
indulgedinthatprecarioussportofice- anhourbyincreasingtheangleofat-
cakejumpingoreventhelesshazardous tackto11.5degreesorIncreasedto26.7
pastimeofrockjumpinginthecreekIn milesanhourbyflyingatanangleof
theirboyhooddays.Toomuchmomentum attackイ,f0．.2degrees,withoutincreasing L泥W・尺α〃〃＆Ba"zα妙
tolingeronanyonespotortoturn thesin'-｡.igspeedmorethan1footasec-
back,analerteyeaheadwasnecessary one]Hence,itwillbeadvisabletofly
1essuniformlydownwardforsomedis-
topreventreachingafootholdfinally slowerthroughtheup-currents,sacri- tance;theothershowninFigure3,where
withnoplaceaheadtojumpto,一butstill ficinganegligibleamountoflowsinking
thehillroundsintotheslopegradually
theinescapablenecessityofjumping.In velocityinordertolingerintheup-
ThefirstischaracteristicoftheCapeCod
thosedays,thissituationmeantaduck- draftforalongerperiodoftime,oragain.
sandbluffs;thesecond,ofmostinland
ing,insoaringitmeansalanding. tosacrificelowsinkingspeedbyflying soaringsites.
Inaparagraphabove,variationofair- fastthroughdown-currentstogetout
speedwasmentioned.Offhand,onemight p ftheirbalefulinfluence…｡omaspos-
wonderwhytheair-speedshouldbevaried
withchangesinverticalwindspeed・Why Soaring-hillswill,ingeneral,beoftwo i
T雛W溌鰯器ぷ画謡艦撫
stics,thedifferencebeingmostmarked,
isitnotbesttokeeptheglideratits types;one,illustratedinFigure2,where ofcourse・atlowaltitudes.Ingeneral,
speedforminimumsinkingvelocityat thehillisflatontopandgoesabruptly theabruptdropproducesafairlynarrow
alltimes？AstudyofFigurel，isofin− intotheslopewhichcontinuesmoreor zoneofrapidlyrisingair.Therounding

M(lesPerHour
Ｒｚｏ目の区四匹七選

へ謹聴

一毒

《 10 ﾉ5 2 O 2 5 JC H
− _
AnglesorGlide
−−−20toI
ノー−丁一里s^3^TでT一一基ｴニ
ロ了含∼
一一一一一一一/6to/
J一一／一二秀−4皇二群=-斗三二 三宝F弓＝
−j夢tbI

10Xoi
霊 さ 宿 ノ ー 一 ノ
7Tot

空室』
Fig.1

q
PageTwenty-two NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

︵縦でざ一

一く行一一

ヘノ心一一
塾
typeofhillpresentsamoredispersed

戸でぶ一

恥１代一
soaringareaoflesserverticalvelocity.
Inthiscase,themaximumliftatlow

ヘヘー
altitudewillbefoundwelloutabovethe
steeppartofthehill.
ThedottedlinesshownonFigures2
and3inclosethesoaringzones,theinner
zonebeingforthelowwindsandthe
successiveouterlinesindicatingtheex-
pansionofthezonewithincreasesinwind
velocity.Inaddition,thezonewillwiden
outhorizontally(totheleftinthefig-
tires)andextendfurtherdownthehill
withincreasedhillheight.

一 一 一 一
〆
〆 、
ノ 、
／
ノ一一一一一、
/ 〆 、
/ ^ ¥

Fig-4A

downbelowthebrowofthehillbefore
itcanbemaneuveredbackintotheup- GW綴鰯織期誌驚諜
currentagain,whereitmuststayclose montoriesprojectingoutintothelow-
againstthebanktogetthemaximum lands,separatedbyhollowsor"draws".
benefit,一whichisveryuncomfortable，es- SeeFigure4a.Itisoverthesedraws
thatthebestup-currentswillbeobtained.
Naturally,theexactextentofthese pcciallyforanovice.Upabovethetop Thesidesofthedrawtendtoconcen-
soaringzoneswillvaryfrommany ofthehillthesoaringzone,ingeneral. tratethewindlikeafunnel,asshown
causes.Risingcurrentscausedbyheat- s taysoutinfrontofaverticalthrough
ingofthevalleyairwhencombinedwith thebrinkandinanycase,tothewind- inFigure4b.Overtheheadofonesuch
thenormalsurfacewindwillstretchthe w ardsideoftheprolongationofthehill drawatElmira,theauthorfounditpos-
zonesbothverticallyandhorizontally. slopeline.Inotherwords,ifthepilot sibletovaryfromtheusualFigure8
Sincethetake-offfromahillofthe cannotseetheslopingsideofthehill methodofflyingalongtheridgebyper-
typeshowninFigure3willbeback fromtheglider,heisbacktoofar・The formingaseriesof360degreeturns,
onthemoreorlesslevelportion,the circlinginamannercommontothesoar-
liftfallsoffmuchmorerapidlyifone
glidermustflywelloutandwillconse- getstoofarbackoverthehillinthe inI gbirds.
ncaseswherethewindvariesfrom
quentlybeatconsiderabledistancefrom caseofahilllikethatshowninFigure adirectionnormaltothemainridge,
2thaninthecaseofonelikethatshown
itsstartingpointandhighabovethe thesedrawsbecomeevenmoreimportant.
groundbelowwhenitreachesthesoar- inFigure3.
ingzone.Thislongpreliminaryglide
一一一一∼∼
一

一 ｰ
〆

墨言謹
一一

一 、
一
一 〆少
一一一
／ダ

一 、
︽、、

〆 、
／／ノ
〆

〆
、
、ＱＵ由Ｕ

｡、
ク
〆〆

へ﹃、

、
、
〆
／ダ

〆一

、
グ

、
／
〃
〃〃〃

一、一も﹄０。ｇ可
﹃や、
／

ｲOo
／

一
クグ

〆
〆

一 一
／
グｆ

璽冬
ノ

、
剛
＝ 、
一
一一一

一一一

一 ＝
affordsampletimeforthepilottofeel ご
＝ ＝ ＝
outhiscontrols,findthenormalgliding 二、ミ蚕

＝
speed,andgetturnedsothatoncein ＝亘
thezoneofrisingairhemaystartrun- 、
ningalongthefaceofthehill.Asalti-
tudeisgained,itwillbefoundthatthe 動
soaringzonewidensouttowardthetop ､ユニー
童
ofthehillsothatonemaysoarwellback
almostoverthecrestofthehill.With
theabruptslope,assumingthattheglider
侃
窪鯵塑
製 、＝＝

＝
=一子

−
皇豊

isstartedbackjustfarenoughtobesure
thatthelaunchingcrewdoesn'tspillover
theedge,oneisintothesoaringzone
刑ﾘ111
veryshortlyaftergettingintotheair
Asstatedbefore,thiszoneisthinand
unlessthegliderisswungintoitsturn
assoonastheshock-corddrops,itis
liabletoflyrightthroughthesoaring
windandoutbeyond.Underthesecon
ditions,alandinginthevalleycanonly
一

bepreventedbyskillfulandrapidhand-
ling.Inanyevent,thegliderwillbe Fig.4B
 −

FORJUNE,193 P
age
Twe
nty
-th
ree

Ifonecanbefoundtliatfacesthegen- 一 一 一

eraldirectionfromwhichthewindis
coming,thebestresultswillbeobtained
占う

〃
J’』 −

thoughtherestrainingwallsofthedraw
willtendtoswingwindsofconsiderable
angularityaroundtoitsowndirection
SeeFigure4b・Inthiscase,however
theglidershouldkeeptothesideofthe
drawagainstwhichthewindistending
toblow.
.Thepromontorynosesareapttobe
tricky.Ahead-onwindtendstosplit Wind
onthemandrunupthedrawsrather

：
刀
thaticlinjboverthetop・SeeFigure4b
IfthewindIsonanangle,thecondi-
lionsareevenmoretreacherous.Eddies
swirlaroundtheendtotheleeside.In
manycases,theseswirlsorvorticesex-
tenduptoconsiderablealtitude.See −

Figures5aand5b.Soaringalongaridge
containingmanysuchpromontoriesand ＝＝白三
draws,inaquarteringwind,willprovide −

diversionandexcitementtosuitthemost
blasesoaringpilot.
Tf.S.瓦ﾉ面三三一
Whiletheup-currentsinconnection F噂.5劃
withhillsaregenerallythoughtofas
beingcausedbywindsweepingacross withhillsandvalleys,becausetheyare
thevalleyandthenbeingforcedoverthe thefirstoneswithwhichthesoaring
hill,thciearenumerousothercausesof pilotwillhavetobecomefamiliar,and
hillwindswhichpermitusingcurrents becausetheirlocusisdefinitelyestab-
whichmay,insomecases,besufficient lished・Ingeneral,risingcurrentswill
forsoaringpurposesevenwherenogen- $仙脚
eralwindexists.Thecommonlyknown
'valleybreeze",awindwhichblowsup
謄
謡淫,
期蝋溌
pie
ceo
fte
rra
in
aboveitmorethandoestheotherter-
mountainsidesonwarm,cleardays,is raininthevicinity.Thelocationofsuch
suchawind.Thisbreezeisduetoa
currentsisnotquitesoeasytoestab-
chlmnevdraftresultingfromsurface
heatinginthevalley,andincaseswhere
thebaselevelsonthetwosidesofthe
mountainareofconsiderablydi圧erenE
elevations,itmaybeduetothepressure
gradientsetupbytheincreasedexpan-
sionofairoverthelowervalley.On
clearsummerdays,warmandstill,there
willbeapronouncedrising-currentover
isolatedconicalhillsasaresultofthe
expansionoftheairovertliehotplains 7sB”〃
Fio.SB Fig．6

A憾窯，鼠鰹h蝋認ccted,these
flowsdownflicmountainsides.
ThunderHADS
Alongtheseacoast,localbreezesare
alsoinducedbythermalconditions.The
muchadvertisedseabreezeisofthis
●｡

type.Thiswindwhichblowsfromthe ●

:
.ﾉ.
HAI
L
seatothelandduringtheday,isacon-
vectioncurrentresultingfromthefact
thattheairoverthelandisheatedby
thegroundduringtheday,andinrising
inducesaninfluxofcoolerairfromthe
Directionor
sea.Theseabreezelavermayextend
− −

upabout1500feetandextendsinland
from10to25miles,andwillnotexceed Advance.
about10milesperhour.Thereverse
windatnightisevenmoregentle,since
thetemperaturecontrastislessandthe
frictionofthewindoverthelandis
greater.
ST℃iM
Suchabreezeonasand-bluffedcoast, CT^COLLAR
whenaugmentedbytherisingcurrent

電毒三
duetotheheatingofthecoolseaairas
ithitsthehotsandanditspilingupasa
resultoftheincreasedfrictionofair
overlandascomparedwithairoverwater,
iscapableofprovidingadequatesoaring
conditions.
Sofar,alltherisingcurrentsthathave STCLOUD
beendiscussedhavebeeninconnection F
ig．
？
P
age
Twe
nty
-fo
ur NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

lishasthehillcurrents,andtheirver- bottomsofwell-formedcumuli・Within frontofsuchastorm,incomparative

ticalvelocitydoesnotreachausable theclouditselfthereisconsiderable safety,providedoneusesasoarerof
quantityinmanycasesuntilconsiderablご turbulencewithbothupanddowncur- highenoughflyingspeedtobeableto
altitudehasbeenreached. rentsthoughthere,too,theprinciplere- avoidbeingsuckedintothecloud・Fig-
Weknowinageneralwaythatrising sultantsareupward,、Inaflightthrough ure7showsthecross-sectionofatyp-
currentsaregeneratedinsunnyweather acumuluscloud,Kronfcldflyingthe icalstormformation.Thestormisad
overcities,overploughedfieldsand A¥'icn"soaringplaneencounteredanup- vancingtotheright.Thesurfacewinds
numerousother"hotspots".Weknow g-ustof33feetpersecondandadown- precedingsuchastormarefamiliartc
thatundercertaintemperature-humidity gustof30feetpersecondwithinaspace usall.About20minutesbeforethe
conditionsthesethermalup-currentsmaj ofabout15seconds.Othersoarershave rain,thewindgraduallydiminishestoa
calm・Then,forafewminutes,itwli
belocatedbythecumuluscloudswhich reportedvariationsoffrom10or12feet
blowgentlytowardtheadvancingstorm
theyform,themoisturecarriedupbythe persecondinthespaceofafewsec- front.ThisIsthewindwhichbecomes
warm,risingaircondensingoutasthe onds．Thesewereinplaincumulus
airchillsatthehigheraltitude.Figure clouds,一notbecomingnimbusorthun‐ theascendingcurrentintothefrontof
thestorm,asshownattherightofthe
6showsthegenera!airflowinthe derhcadclouds.Inthelatter,evenmore
sketch.Then,suddenly,justbeforethe
vicinityofoneoftheordinarycumulus violentvariationsmightbeexpected.
clouds.Thiscloudisadvancingtothe Abovethetopofthesecloudsthevertical rainarrives,thereareviolentgustsand
aswitchofthewinddirectionawayfrom
right.Theverticalvelocitiesaround velocities,thoughlessthanbelow,may thestorm,thatis,tothedirectionofthe
suchacloudvaryconsiderably,depend- stillbesufficientforsoaringunderfavor-
ableconditions. storm'sadvance.Thiswindbringswith
ingonmanyconditions.
ittherain,orpossiblyhail,ifthecondi-

U^灘珊譜開愚矧‘職鰯 P照綴Yth謡職霊醗c測淫
tionsareright.Itissweepingdown
outofthecloudbecauseofitschill
ploreandplottheverticalvelocities squallsandthunderstorms,especially weightandbecauseoftheinducingef-
aroundtheseclouds.Itisunderstooこ thosewhichproducehail.Toformvery fe;ctofthefallingrainorhail.Asone
thatconsiderableworkhasbeendonein smallhailstonesrequiresanup−current mightexpect,theregionbetweenthe
Germany,andwhileafewarticleshave ofatleast20milesperhour.Thelarge ascendinganddescendingcurrentsisvery
beenprinteddiscussingthesubjectina hailstonesaccompanyingcertainstorms turbulent.Precedingtheactualstorm
sketchyway,thereislittleactualdata indicatevelocitiesinsomecasesofover cloudaresomesmalldetaahedclouds
whichmightbeusedbythewould-be lOOmilesanhour,一alittlestrongfor knownasthestormcollar.Underthese
soarero eventhemostenthusiasticsoarer.Ithas andundertheopenspacebetweenthem
Ingeneral,thehighestupwardveloci- beenlearnedbynumerousinvestigators andthestorm,soaringwinds-willbe
tiesbelowthecloudwillbenearthead- inGermanythatstormcurrentsarenot found.
vancingsideofthecloud,withdiminish- tobeplayedwithunlessthegliderisof Theheightofthecloudbottomsvary
ingvelocitiestowardtherearofthe veryruggedconstructionandthepilot greatlyandlittledataisavailableasto
cloud.Itisnotuncommontofindup- readytotakeaterrificbeating.Ithas howlowbelowthecloudflooronemay
currentsashighas10to12feetpersec beenfound,however,thatonemayplay findcurrentsofsu伍cicntintensitvto
ondaslowas200or300feetbelowthe intherisingcurrenttobefoundjustIn permitsoaring.

Col.JamesC・FitzmauriceWillMakePresentationof

GliderToTheWarwickGliderClub,
AtWarwick,N､Y、
ー

〆、︾くい﹀句へ︺つ全でⅡ冬ｎソ〆Ｕへ〃︾一君０４
句／﹄︵／］１１︽可０４１０︽

'J*HEWarwick評熟c畦馬鳳胸
entertainingJamesC・Fitzmaurice,thこ
distinguishedaviator,who,in1928,in
companywithCaptainKoehlandthこ
lateBaronvonHuenfeld,flewthe
Bremen"onthefirstcasttowestflight
acrosstheAtlantic.
Col.Fitzmauricewillmakethepre-
sentationofaFranklinGlider,awarded
totheWarwickGliderClubbytheNa-
tionalGlider&AirplaneNews,on
DecorationDay,atWarwickAirport
Thisgliderwasawardedasaresultof
thecompetitionsponsoredbythismaga-
zine.Thisisthefirsttimeinthehistory
ofAviationthatanaviationmagazine
haspresentedanactiveclubwithaglider.
Thiseventwillbequiteanauspicious
one,asmanyprominentaviatorsand
aviationenthusiastshavesigni5iedtheir
intentionofbeingpresent.
Thefollowingisadetailedlistofthe
competingclubsandtheamountoi
pointsintheirfavoratthecloseofthe
competition:
ＫＵ︵／︾碑ノ〃、二二・口・一ハー叩︺宮目酉ｎＭ一ダ二目“一一言︾一函一二二孟一皇︽呈辛一二一頭
WarwickGliderClub．………………．
NewYorkAviationClub…………
ForsytheJr.H、S.GliderClub..
SpringfieldGliderClub………..….、
HonoluluGliderClub…….….….…
N.Y.U.GliderClub.…………….…
FloridaGliderClub……………………
AeroClubofLongIsland…….．
CapeAnnGliderClub……..………．
AsburyParkGliderClub…………
Hat-In-The-RingG1iderClub....
AkronGliderClub…..…………………
PontiacGliderClub….………,….…．
GardenCityGliderClub.…..…….、
AltoonaSchoolDistrictGlider
Club……..……………….….………………
HebronN.DakotaGliderClub．．
Mt.AssumptionInst.GliderClub
FORJUNE,193 P
age
Twe
nty
-fi
ve

FROMTHEPILOTSLOG-BOOK

MyMostExcitingTripFlyingUncleSam'sMai
"DICK"MERRILLONCEFLEWINTOSOM
UNMARKEDWIRESANDCRASHED.H
OWNSADOGANDAMONKEYAND
WANTSTOBUYALEOPARD.

AsToldTo
HOMERKINGSLEY
S
pec
ial
Fea
tur
eCo
rre
spo
nde
nt

H職鰯職篭撫篭鎧塔
mailline・Heisahighpilotinflyinghours,having
Mownmanythousandsandthousandsofmilesnight
anddaygettingtheairmailthrough.
Aboutamonthago,Dick'smotorquitashewas
overAmelia,Virginia.Itwasclosetomidnight.
Therewasanemergencyfieldthereandhewasglid-
ingtowhatseemedafinelanding.Butlethimtell
whathappened:
"MymotorquitoverAmeliaonenight.Thator-
dinarilyisn'tveryseriousinthesedays,withfields
allalongthemailroutes,andlandinglightsandpara-
chuteflarestogetyoudown.SoIslantedforthe
emergencyfieldatAmelia.Iwascominginsmooth-
lyenough,keepingclearofsomewiresmarkedwith
redobstructionlights,whensuddenlythebottom
seemedtodropout.
"ThenextthingIknewtheshiphadplowedinto
thegroundandmyheadwasagainsttheinstrument
board;infact.Ihitthatboardhardenoughtoknock
meoutforafewminutes.WhenIcametoIfound
whatthetroublehadbeen.Thewiresmarkedwith
"Dieﾙ"Merrill
theobstructionlightswereallright,butsomeothe
wireshadbeenstrungaboutfifteenfeethighero Thefirstthingheknewhewasflyingrightdown
thepolesandabovethelights. oneofthestreets,betweenthebuildings.Hehadto
"MywheelshadbeencaughtinthemandIha landandhesayshewaslucky,forhepulledupand
simplybeentippedrightover.Inallthetwisting managedtokeepgoinguntilafieldwasreached.
receivedacutabovetheeyeatthetimeIjammedm whichhappenedtobeiheairmailfield・Therehe
headagainsttheinstrumentboard. landedsafely.
"Butthemaillosthardlyanytime.Igotsom Dickisayoungmanandhasbeenflyingfora
fellowstohelptakeittotherailroadstationandi longtime,havingbegunintheNavy.Thenhewent
wasofモalongtheroutewithinafewhours." barnsto
rmingaboutt
hecountryi
ntheearlier
flying
days,anexperience,commonenoughtotheolder
T溌聴翼醗側窺溌溌識膳離淵 伍ers,whosoughttogainbothexperienceandafew
dollars.ColonelLindberghtriedittoo,forawhile.
thrillingenoughtothosewhoreadtheairmail "Ihadplentyofexcitementinthoseoldplanes,"
lettersordroptheminthepostalchuteorthebox. Dicksays."Ononeforcedlandingatreecaughtme
Therewasthetime・forexample,whenhecame andtheplanestayedupthere.Anothertime,Iwas
intoAtlantaintheeveningwhenthefogwasso forceddownseveralmilesoutintheGulfofMexico
thickthathecouldhardlyseehiswingtips.Now、 inalandship.Ifloatedaroundontheshipforhalf
fogisoneoftheworstenemiesandoneofthemost aclaybeforeIwaspicked叩I……｡safefly-
dreaded.
ingthosedays.
Dickdidn'tknowexactlywherehewasinAtlanta.
Heknewhehadreachedthesoutherncity,buthe
couldn'tforhislife,findthefieldandhehadtoget
dowisomewav.
蕊職瀦瀞職擬藍:職
t
hef
iel
d,p
eop
led
rov
eup
inc
ars
,an
dth
efi
rst
thi
ng
P
age
Twe
nty
-si
x NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

ロ ロ

"Dick's"S〃肋

Iknew,afriendlywomanwashandingmearoas hardtobelievepeoplearescamperingaroundand
chicken.Shesaidshehadheardmybrokenmoto doinglo
tsofuselessorme
anthings.Theshi
pdrones
whenIwasglidingdown,andjustknewI'dbe onsteadilyandnicely,andthereyouare.
hungry.Thatchickenwasn'twasted,Iassureyou. "Ihaveflownonclear-crispwinternights,when
youcouldreadyourmapsbythelightofthemoon
andpickout
thepoints'belowassha
rplyasinthe
F珊鳴r瀞篭職塁懸洲灘識aswel
asthefreaksofweather.
d
ayt
ime
.It
'sm
igh
typ
ret
tyt
hen
."
Dickisofmediumsize,neithertallorshort,neither
"OnetimeIflewfromRichmondtoWashingto､． thinorheavy.Hisskinisdarkandtanned,and
withatailwindofninetymilesanhour.Imad acrosshisforeheadisanexceptionallydarkstreak.
theninety-eightmilesattherateof210milesan Thatiswherehishelmetslidesuponhishead,and
hour1" therainpoundsonhisforehead.
Thisisprobablytheworld'srecordinspeedfo Everybodyl ikesDick.Hei scompanionab le.But
airmail伍ers.ButDicksaysitistheresulto hehasnevertakenadrink,nordoeshesmoke・In
weatherconditionsthatpushedhimthroughinrecor fact,hehasneversmokedinhislife.Heisfond
time.Hejusthadtomakespeed,therewasnowa ofpets.Heownsachowdogandamonkeyand
toavoidit. saysthatheisanxioustobuyaleopardforapet.
Ashelivesinanapartment,hecan'tverywellkeep
噸唖郷
もｈｉ
毛口■■︶■一■﹄

h
isp
ets
the
re,
soh
ele
ave
sth
emw
ith
afr
ien
d¥y
ho
^Y^Useesomemightyprettysightsat
stilltalkingabouttheweather livesonafarmandtherehespendsmuchtime
worldbelow iscalmandsereneandyou withhisanimalfriends,goingtoseethemoften.

THEEVER-PRESENTE×AMPLE
deathwouldhavehurt,notonlyhisrelativesand
A
a
tt
罷
i
tu
鰐
d
et
総
h
at
e
i
sn
曹
o
th
繍
e
lp
t
i
ng
窒
g
li
副
d
in
綴
g
or
胤
p
ow
蕊
e
re
:
d
fl
無
i
ght
.
friends,butaviationaswell.
W
ebe
lie
vet
hat
eve
ryp
ilo
t,w
het
her
ofa
nai
rpl
ane
TheDepartmentofCommercegaveapilotpermis- o
rof
agl
ide
r,o
wes
itt
ohi
mse
lf,
toh
isf
ell
ow-
pil
ots
.
sionforaflightofhisgliderbehindatowingair- andtohisfellow-workersinaviationnevertotake
planeunder
theconditionthatheshoul
dwearapara- aneedlessriskthatpossiblymayresultinaloss,
chute.
Thepilot,
atfirst,r
efused,de
claringth
atthe whichallofus,tosomeextent,mustshare.Every
parachutew ouldhandicaphimincontr ollingthe death,whetherinagliderorinanairplane,results
glider.Laterhewaspersuad edtostrapthe'chute inlossofpublicconfidenceandsupport・Thepublic
onhimself,butonceitwasinplacehepulleditfrom donotanalyzeairaccident s.Theymerelyreadthat
hisbackandwalkedfromthebeachdemanding, someoneelsehasdiedbecauseheleftthesolidearth
"WhoselifeamIrisking,anyway,ifIdon'twear andjourneyedintotheair.
it?" If
aviationi
stoprospe
r,wemusta
ssurethep
ublic
Theansweristhathewasriskingonlyhisown t
h atpeoplenotonlymay1e
avetheearth,butalso
life,andthatifhewasinterestedonlyinhimself mayreturntoitintact,whetherbyairplane,by
hehadaperfectrighttoriskit.Butifhewas g
lid
er，
orb
ypa
rac
hut
e、T
hei
tem
tha
tal
mos
t､i
n-
variablygetsintothenewspapersisnothowthe
interestedinaviation,itseemstousthathehadno
r
igh
tto
ris
khi
sli
fe・
For
ifh
eha
dbe
enk
ill
ed,
his pilotwentup,butHOWHECAMEDOWN.
r‐

FORJUNE.193 P
age
Twe
nty
-se
vet

TESTINGTHEAIRPLANE
ByCAPTAINRICHARDDUNCAN,M､c.
f
Authorof"S u
nfF
lyi
n9叩
一Pr
acf
ica
lAi
rMe
feo
rol
O9y
and
Nav
ga+
ion

W鮮蕊鳶篭詳端 equaltotheweightoftheair-
plane,passengers,baggage,gasandoil
minustheirownweigiit.Manufacturersin
theirspecificationsstatethewing-loading
andthepower-loading.
WING-LOADINGiscomputedbytak-
ingthegrossweightoftheplanewithfull
loadofpassengers,baggage,gasandoil,
anddividingitbythewingarea.Awing
areaof300squarefeetsupportingagross
weightof4500lbs..,,wouldthenshowa
loadingof15lbs,persquarefoot・Aload
of10lbs',persquarefootisconsidereda
goodload.OnoneTrans-Atlanticflight
thewingloadingwas26lbs.persquare
foot,consequently,theplanerequireda
considerablylargerrunbeforeItcouldrise
offthegroundthanwouldhavebeenthe
casewiththenormalload.
Thewingareaincludestheailerons
butnotthestabilizerandelevators,when
computing-wing-loading.
POWER-LOADINGisthehorse-power
oftheengineinproportiontotheweight T〃恋d"'"ssAr"zyB-2Boi"6”f"idenventseveretes応．
ofthewholeplane・Iftheweightwas
4000lbs.andthehorse-poweroftheen- breakingload.M Ma
at
terialsmaybethevery LoiidsonTurning
●

---』一合上2−−1−−−14−1。

gine200H・P・thepowerloadingwould bestobtainable,butitisabsolutelyimpos-
be20lbs.perhorsepower-ｧanominalload- siblelodetecthiddenflawsinmetalor
ingforlargeandcomparativelyslowplanes. wood,sothestrengthofthestructureis The loadis incre asedo n
t hema inplane s,
.Racingplanesbuiltwithaminimumof i ncreaseds
tillfurther
togiveanadd
itional i n addi tiont owhi chth efus elag eissu b-
weightandmaximumhorsepowerhave marginofsafety. jcct edtoa twis tinga ndben ding moveme nt
bytheforcesactingagainstthefinand
apowerloadingaslowas5lbs.i^erhorse Apracticalexampleofthiscanbeillus-
power.Theplaneispracticallyallen- t therudder.Iftherudderispushedhard
ratedinthefoI1owingmanner:一Inpull− over,thetwistingandbendinginovement
gme. ing'outofadivethegreatestloaditIs
Theloadingsjustdiscussedrelateonly possibletoimposeonanR.E.8mono- w illinc reasepro p
o rtionatel y.Roughje rky
totheweightoftheairplaneandtheuse- p movementsoftheruddercontrols,aftera
laneisequiv
alenttofourtimes
itsweight. p erio dofti me,wil lthro w
t hefu selage out
fulloaditiscapableoflifting. ThroughcalculationsandtestsItisknown
LOADSIMPOSEDrelatetothestresses t ofal ignme ntma kingt hepla ned i任icul tto
hatthebreakingloadIstwelvetimesthe handle.
andstrainsplacedupontheairplanewhen normalweightofthemachine・Dividing
carryingoutvariousevolutions,suchas thebreakingloadfactorbytheimposed NOSEDIVESimposeloadsdependent
anonthess
tcenncsss
ofthpflid
vpai洞、'ぬv
1e
ﾊr､;f･、’.
nose
-diving,
looping,
'rollin
g,etc. loadfactorItisthenseenthattheFac- a pont he teepn e softh e ivean d loci ty
Unlesstheplanehadrigidityaswell torofSafetyisthree. Inap owerd ivet errifi cdrag isex erted on
asstrength,itwouldbeindangerofloss themainplaneswithadownwardpressure
ofcontrolduetoexcessivebendingand DynamicLoad onthetail-plane.Anyweaknessinthe
stretchingofthewings.Therefore,in wingswouldcausethemtofoldback,or
strivingafterlightnessandtheminimum
amountofairresistanceahappymedium
I熟i麓1撫職:st駕｡窯:en噛譜 asuddenpullonthecontrolstickinat-
temptingtocomeoutofthedivequickly
hastobemaintained. timestheweightoftheairplanefully isliabletocrumplethetai1surfacesii、
loaded・Incertainmaneuverstheactual additiontothewings.
loadonthewingsIncreasesandtheamount
T
'n
ig
ht
ma
yb
ee
qu
iv
al
en
tt
o6
潔路
鶴 overandabovetheweightoftheairplane a
got
ofi
ndt
h雅蝋
蕊謡
ashorttime
ofthewings
itsgrossweight,aconditionforwhichdue isknownastheDynamicLoad. beingdivedverticallyforse¥eralthousand
allowanceismadebythedesigner・But, Noinstrumenthasyetbeenperfected feetat400milesperhour. Thewings
aftersufficientstrengthandweighthas thatregisterswithaccuracytheloadsim- finallycollapsedandthetest pilottookto
beencalculatedtotakecareoftheIm- posedduringvariousevolutions. hisparachutelandinginperfectsafety.
posedload,anotherfactorentersintothe TheAccelerometer,however,hasbeen
picture-T〃eF“foγofざafciy. Theutmostspeedatwhichaplanecan
foundtorecordwithafairamountofac- bedivedisknownastheTen"向Ia/Velocity.
THEFACTOROFSAFETYisthe curacy.Itmeasurestheforcewithwhich
ratiobetweentheimposedloadandthe t Regulatethesteepnessandvelocityof
hepilotpressesdownupontheseat. thediveaccordingtothestrengthofthe
P
age
Twe
nty
-ei
ght NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

plane;totryanddiveacommercialtrain- underseverestressandstrainparticularly mostsuitablefortheclassoiwork,the

ingplaneatthesamerateofspeedasa closeuptothefuselageattheroot.When c ompetent
designerIsablet
ocalcu
latewith
combatplaneissuicidal.Itwouldsimply sparsaregroovedforlightnessthisfact acertaindegreeofaccuracythestrength.
crumpleup. istakenintoconsideration,andatthat s izeandweightofthedifferentmembers,
partwhereconsiderablestrainisexperi- thestressestheywillbesubjectedto,and
LoadsandControls encedthesparwillbeleftaloneandnot t lieapproximateperformanceoftheair-
groovedorcutout. planeundervaryingloads;
S
I悪署
』;駕
篭h悪
swi
llr
edu
cet
he StressAnalysis
WithinthelastfewyearsAeronautical
Engineeringhasmadesuchrapidstrides
stressandstraintoagreatextent;aplane forwardthatacompetentengineershould
atalltimesisundermorecompletecon-
trolaseachmovementisexecutedthanif ^jniEde謎鯛蹴t洲淵爵撫 notbemorethan5percentoutinhis
calculations.Actualflighttestsandstatic
thecontrolswerejerkedintoposition.Flj lionasintheearlydays,butonerequiring
testingwillgivepracticalevidenceasto
throughouteveryinchoftheevolution expert
knowle
dgeanda
eronauti
calengi
neer- wetherhiscalculationswererightor
andbydoingso,youwillperfectyour inga
bilit
y.
wrong.ThedevelopmentoftheWind
flying,increasethelifeoftheairplane Thetypeofairplanehavingbeende-
andreducethecostofmaintenance. cideduponandthehorsepowerandengine TunnelisofgreatassistanceIntesting,
bytheaidofmodels,thevarioustheories
astheyareadvanced.
、‐畷
ー WindTunnel
蕊
「 ・
蝋
9強【迩曇
T鷲撫&職.a噸星罷11^協網
openingthroughwhichairIsdrawnby
.
‘溌 漫 meansofapropellerplacedattheoppo-
siteend.
−，q Somedistancefromtliemouthan
experimentalchamberisbuilt,mwhichthe
modelstobetestedareplaced,splittingthe
airtunnelintotwoseparatesections・The
一ｌＬ

rearendofthefrontsectionandthefront
endoftherearsectionarebothhoney-
﹄

combedtomaintainasteadyflowofair.
＃啄厩降黙鐙

Theexperimentalchamberisequipped
withanapparatuscalledaIVindTunnel
Ba/α"'ceuponwhichthemodelsareset,
dlrectlvinthecenteroftheairflow.
一マーマ室﹄噸一．里強

Scalemodelsofcompleteairplanes,wing
sections,propellers,etc.,arcalltestedin
『丁一
室‐■P
thismannermakingitpossibletoesti-
mate'withaccuracytheflyingqualitiesand
stabilityoftheproposedairplaneorwing
section.
Variousmethods,withIndifTerentsnc-
cess,weretriedtotestmodelspriorto
theintroductionofthewindtunnel・Finall,．
somegeniusdiscoveredthatforcesacting
onanairplaneinflightcouldberepro-
WindTi"""ノI71fα〃2Ⅳo〃".Bcrliner-JovceA"℃》”iCoﾉ7'..Dundalﾙ，〃。 ducedinthewindtunnelonscalemodels:

STATICTESTINGistestingthestruc-
tureonthegroundinsuchamannerthat
theactualstrengthofthevariousasscm-
bliesunderstraincanbedeterminedac-
curat
ely,ands
cientific
allyrecor
ded.
Theplaneisturnedupsidedownandsup-
portedunderthefuselage.Alongthespars
weightsandsandbagsareplaced,beingpiled
evenlyalongthestructureuntilsomepart
ofthewingsbreaksdownwhenthebreak-
ingpointhasfarexceededtheimposed
load.ThistestisknownastheTestlo
Destruction.ThetestisnotconsidereI
satisfactoryunlessthebreakingpointis
reachedatamultipleoftheweightequal
to,orgreaterthan,thatwhichthedesign-
ercalculatedwouldbenecessary.Any
failurebelowthisloadwouldmeanre-
placementofbrokenpartsbystrongerones.
TESTTODESTRUCTIONarealso
carriedoutonthefuselage,landinggears.
andvariousbolts,fittingsandtubing,etc.
Specialequipmenthasbeendevisedforthis
purpose.
TENSIONANDCOMPRESSION-s
thepullingapartorpushingtogetherof
theinfinitesimalfibersofthematerial.Con-
siderabletensionisvisibleinthepullon 忽
秘伽t
eri
orz
’陀w
ofl
arg
ewi
ndt
unn
ell
ooﾙ
伽gt
ozu
ard
オハ2
伽℃力
e唯γ
〃nd
・鋤》
αir
pla
nei
s
thewires.Sparsoftendeflectandbend suspendedfoγ#2sｵ．ⅣewYor型たUnivct否"y-
FORJUNE.193
P
age
Twe
nty
-ni
ne

F ＝

』抄iezvtozvards〃蛇ノwneyco札b,entranceendofworkhigsection,shozvﾙﾙgα〃lod2lsuspendedfortests.Ⅳ2画YoγルUnive沌",v

thatabodyheldinonepositioninablast possible,thedensityoftheairatthis thosewhoseworkentailstakin9-offfrom

ofairwouldreactInthesamemanneras levelapproximating"StandardAir"more smallfieldssurroundedbyobstructionsof
abodymovingthroughair,Awindspeed closelythanatanyotheraltitude.Still onekindoranother.
of100M.P.H,canbesecuredinawell airisalsoanassentialfactor. Stabilitytestsarecomparativelysimple
equippedtunnel. Knowingtheairspeed,thenexttestis Thehorizontalstabilizerisadjustedto
Beforeanairplaneofanewmodelis todeterminetherateofclimb,atest theneutralpositionandthepilotletsgo
grantedanapprovedtypecertificateil thatisfarmorecomplicatedandexacting ofthestick・Iftheplaneisevenlybal-
hastoundergoarigorousflighttest・Ter- onthepilotthantheprevioustest.With anced.itwillflyalongonanevenkeel.
rificloadsaredeliberatelyImposedonall thethrottleopen,hefindsouttherate otherwisethenosemaydroportheplane
partsofthestructure,fargreaterthan ofspeedthatwillgivehimthebestclimb- startclinibing;itmayflyonewinglow
wouldbeexperiencedundernormalflight ingangleforthefirstthousandfeet;the orhaveatendencytoswingoverintoa
condition. rateofclimbinfeetperminute;the hankingposition・Aplanethatisstable
Thefirsttest,forspeed,ismadeover ‘‘ServiceCeiling'’oftheplane-thatis longitudinallyandlaterallywill,withthe
ameasuredcoursewithsuitableobjects iheheightbeyondwhichtherateofclimb stabilizercorrectlyadjusted,returntoits
serving!aspylons・Astopwatch,not doesnotexceed100feetperminute,and normalflyingpositionirrespectiveofthe
theairspeedindicator,istheinstrument fromthenonthepilotcontinuesclimb- altitudeinwhichtheplanehasbeen
usedforchecking・Taklng-off,thepilot inguntilthe"AbsoluteCeiling"is placedbythepilotofitsownaccord.
gainsaltitude,swingsintopositionand. reached・Eachstepisrepeateduntilthこ Inthestallingtest,theplaneispulled
withinamileofthefirstpylon,opens pilothascompiledanaccuraterecordof upintoasteepclimbuntilallflyingspeed
thethrottlewideinordertogainniaxl- theplane'sclimbingabilityfromthe islost,thepilotreleasesthestickand
mumvelocitybeforereachingthestart- groundtothe"AbsoluteCeiling",not ruddercontrols,lettingtheplaneride
ingpoint.Asthewingalignsitselfwith o m
ittin
gdiff
erent
interm
ediate
height
s. free・Thisisdonewiththethrottle
thepylonthestopwatchissnappedon.

総雛灘驚
theplanestreaksdownthecourseand
asthewingflashesbythefinishingpost A蝿¥麗縄麗需a播溌｡W雛
thewatchissnappedoff.Atleasttwo beroffeetperniinute.butitisthewrit-
runseachwayareneccssarvInorderto er'sopinionthatthisisnotsufficient.
arriveattheaccuratefigures.Speed Theangleofclimbisofgreaterinterest
testsaremadeasneartosealevelas tothemajoritvofpilots,andparticularlv :脇,灘剛撫:職･測畿篭so藍
P
age
Thi
rty NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

eNew
wingoranotherorgointoaspinis
proofoflackofstability.Thismaybe
duetobadadjustmentofthecontrols,or
itmaybeinherentintheplaneitself
U
.S.
Ser
vic
esP
urc
has
Inthelattercasetheengineeringisdis-
tinctlvatfault.
C
omp
ass
T器s砦隠鰐私ne淵淵縦 p
lac
ed.
Thetelepointwasexhibitedatthere-
comeoutofaspininoneandahalf
turnsafterthecontrolshavebeenncu- centAllAmericanAircraftExposition
tralized.Sixcompleteturnsmustbe h
ere
alo
ngw
ith
ane
wdr
ift
ind
ica
tor
,al
-
madebeforerecoveryisattempted.Any r
ead
ysu
cce
ssf
ull
yde
mon
str
ate
dby
Cap
-
unusualpressureonthestickmustbe tainFrankM.HawksinhisspeedyTexa-
notedandthesourceoftroublelocated. CO13・Mr.Colvinannouncedthatsev-
Whenputtinganewmodelthroughthe eraloftheseindicatorsweresoldtoin-
spinningtest,particularattentionmust dividualsduringtheDetroitshow,among
bepaidtoanydispositionoftheplane thepurchasersbeingLouisHuckofthe
togointoaflatspin.Indicationofthis GeneralMotorsCorporation.
isgivenifthepilothasdifficultyInkeep- Thetelepointcompassisinregular
ingthenoseoftheplanedown・Intests p
roduct
ionbyP
ionee
r,whi
chisa
lsoco
n-
ofthisnature,thepilotcarriesballast. t
inni
ngmanu
factu
reo
ftl
ieear
thind
ucto
r
soarrangedthatitcanbedumped co
mpass,
usedon
such
histo
ricfl
ights
as
throughanopeningInthebottomofthe thoseofColonelCharlesA.Lindbergh,
fuselage.Shouldtheplanethenover- AdmiralRichardE.ByrdandWingCom-
cometheeffortsofthepilotandendup nianderCharlesKIngsford-Smith.The
inaflatspin,theloadcanbereleased newtelepointissocalledbecauseit
andtheplanerestoredtoanormalposi- show
s,atthei
nstrument
board,th
ehead-
tionwithcomparativeease.Withoutthis ingofa
nairplaneasdeterm
inedbyare-
precautionthepilotwouldhavetotake moledirectionunitwhichmaybelocated
tohisparachuteunless,bysomemeansor a
tan
ypo
int
ont
hes
hip
whe
rem
agn
eti
c
other,itwouldbepossibletoshiftthe d
ist
urb
anc
esa
rea
lam
ini
mum
.Th
ete
le-
loadforwardoftheCenterofGravity. p
oin
twe
igh
sbu
tte
npo
und
san
dma
yhe
usedonalltypesofaircraft.
Totestthestrengthofthestructure Thecompassconsistsoffourmajor
theplaneisputthroughaseriesofevolu- units:Themagneticdirector,whichis
tions,suchaspowerdiving,forseveral U
ﾙ".
yof
秘ez
vPi
one
erI
､βI
epo
int
Com
pas
s.
thedirectionresponsiveelementofthe
thousandfeet,rolling,looping,inverted
telepoi
ntortheartif
iciallycreat
edmag-
flyingandvariousothermaneuvers.Par-
ticuiarattentionisalsopaidtothere-
P照；驚紐鵬舎鯛｡謡c藤 ucticunitwhichharmonizeswiththe
sponsivenessofthecontrols. p
ass
es,
ane
wde
vic
eco
mbi
nin
gth
epr
in- earth'smagn
eticlinesiftheplane
Isfly-
ciplesofthefamousearthinductorcom- ing
acorrec
tcourse
orconf
lictsif
the
Otherdatarelativetoperformanceis
passwithextremelyrefinedmechanical r
aftIs
off
;thes
ens
itiv
ity
adjus
ter
,whi
ch
theangleofglide,groundcoveredintak- features,hasbeenannouncedbyCharles enablesthepilottoregulatethesensi-
ing-offandthelowestlandingspeed. H.Colvin,presidentofthePioneerIn- tivityinaccordancewi
ththeweaknessor
Unlesstheplaneisfullyequippedand strumentCompany,adivisionofthe thestrengthofthemagneticlinesofthe
carryingtheloadforwhichitwasde- BendixAviationCorporation. terrainoverwhichheisflying;thedi-
signed,thetestscannotbeconsideredas Afterrecentflightswiththetelepoint rcctioncontroller,bywhich-the℃ourse
atrueindicationoftheplane'sperform- byLieut.A、F.HegenbergerOfWright i
sse
t,a
ndt
hes
tee
rin
gin
dic
ato
r,w
hic
h
anceandstrength.Inadditiontothis. FieldandLieut、L、D.WebboftheNa- i
saz
ero
-ce
nte
rga
lva
nom
ete
r,t
hen
eed
le
aseriesoftestsshouldbecarriedout valBureauofAeronauticsthegovern- ofwhichiskeptonthezero-centertor
withvaryingloadsandatmosphericcon- mentordersfortheinstrumentwere c o r r e c t f l y i n g . '
ditions.UnlessthisIsdone,areallyac-
curaterecordoftheplane'sperformance 一

isnotpossible.
Muchdependsupon,theskillofthe AGLIDERPILOT'S0 OPENLETTERTO THE
testpilotandhistechnicalability.Skill
isoflittleuseunlessitiscombinedwith THISMAGAZINE*
EDITOROFTI
asoundengineeringknowledgeofaprac-
ticalnature.Withoutthisbackground. Thisletterisyours,touseitasyou

Y溌鱗繍鱗
hewouldnotbeabletodiscuss,intclli- seefit.IfatanytimeIcanbeofservice.
gently,thefaultsrevealedduringthe k
indlyw
riteandI
'llgivem
ybesteff
orts.
testingperiod.Norwouldhebeable You,unknownamateurslikemyself,
tocompiletheexhaustivereportrequired honestbeliefandIhopethatitwillmake m
anu
fac
tur
ers
,ev
ery
one
mus
tfi
ght
aga
ins
t
bythoseresponsibletortheconstruction othersfeelthesameasIdoandwilling thepresentamendmenttotheAirCom-
oftheplaneandtheeliminationofany t ogivetheiraid.Ifyoudesireinforma- merc
eRegula
tionsi
nregard
tolicen
sing
defectsthatmaybenecessary. tionaboutmeaskWolfHirthorHawley gliders.Wemusthaveabetter,more
Bowlus,IworkedforWolfsinceheen- (Cont"ﾙ肌ed01トクαge74)
Littleisheardofthetestpilotontside
theindustry.Heislostsightofamongst teredthecountryuntilhewenttoNew
thatever-growingmobof"Recorders" York.IassistedFritzAckerman,world's
whofolloweachotherinanendlessand l
ead
ing
gli
der
con
str
uct
or,
inb
uil
din
ga
stupidrepetitionofenduranceflightsof Prufling.WewereallatElmiraduring
onesortoranother.Anunknowingpub- thecontest.PrevioustothatIassisted
￨蕊無蝋撒篭簸
calEngineer,comesataveryop-
liemarvelsattheir"deathdefyingfeats, EdwinTealewithTheBookofGliders portunetime.Wereproducethis
littlerealizingthatthecreditlieswith bycontributingthechapterHowToBuild letterinfullwithoutmakingany
thosewhotriedandprovedtheplanesin aGlider.Inotherwords,Imaynotbe furthereditorialcomment,leaving
whichtheyfly.Notforthemthebar- anexpert,butIhavebeenassociatedwith thesubjectmatterentirelyopento
discussionfromthereadersofthis
rageofcameras,theballyhooofthepub- glidermenlongenoughtodesiretodo
magazine
licity.Theymerelytakealltherisks everythingpossibletoaidtheglidermove-
andtheotherscashin.
FORJUNE,193
P
age
Thi
rty
-on
e

SAILPLANE
CONSTRUCTION
ByWM・HAWLEYBOWLUS
醸
禽ず
ﾙ
〃． HazvlevBozvlus

TheWings

T蕊熱瀞燕撚謹
一一ーwings.Whoeverhasonce
Sowninaverygustywindcanunder-
standtowhatstressesthewingsarcsub- Bracedribwithjunctiongussets
jectedandwithwhatcaretheymust
bedesignedandconstructed.Thede-
sign,naturally,dependsonthedimen-
sionsandloadingandalsoonwhether
theyaretobecantileverorexternallv
braced,Ingliderconstruction,aerody-
namicconsiderationsarecomparatively
unimportant.Itissoughttoreducethe
wingloadingasmuchaspossible,and
thestructureofthewingsiscorrespond-
inglysimple・Asmallwingloadingis
especiallydesirableforgliderswitha
largestructuraldrag,inordertokeep
thesinkingsiwedasslowaspossible.
Generallyspeaking,aminimumwing
loadingistheprincipalrequirementfor
meregliders,whilegoodaerodynamicde-
signofallpartsisveryimportantfor
"soarers".Themeanwingloadingof Plywoodrib
glidersvaries,therefore,between1.02and
1.64Ib./sQ.ft.,whileitliesbetween1.64 Flange.
and2.46lb./sq.ft.forsoarers.Aglider We]D･
withasmallwingloadingissuperior Boxspar
inallrespectstoonewithalargerwing-
loading.Theexcellenceofasoarerde-
pendsonothercharacteristics.Thisis
wellillustratedinnature,thebestsoarer
amongthebirds,thealbatross,having
thegreatestwingloading,upto3.28
lb../sq,ft.Forthisreasonthewingsof
glidersandsoarershavedifferentaspect
ratios.Thegreatertheaspectratio,the
essthetravelofthecenterof pressure
andtheeasier,onwing-controlledair-
craft,thewingscanberotatedabouttheir
lateralaxis・Withincreasingspan,how-
Plywoodribwithflexibletraえユユngedge
ever,theconstructionbecomesmorediffi-
cultandtheweightofthewingsincreases
disproportionately.Itisobvious,there-
fore,thatefficiencyandweightmustbe
suitablybalanced.
Inpractice,soarersare
madewithanaspectratioashighas18
Thealbatrossoftenhasanaspectratio
of20.Ingeneral,present-daysoarers
havespansof40-50ft.andaspectratios
of10-15.Forgliderstheaspectratiois
smaller,inordertoreducetheweight
Onmonoplaneglidersthespanis26-39
ft・andthechord3.3-4.9ft.Onbiplanes
thespanisoftenreducedlessthan20
ft.Thewingsmustbemadeinsec-
tionsofsuchlengththattheycanbe
locatedintoanordinaryrailwaycarfor
transportation・Forspansoflessthan Plywoodboxribwithflexible trailingedge.
−

NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEW
P
age
Thi
rty
-tv
/o

39.4ft.,thewingsareusuallymadein p rofile441tothe
alba tross
profileIsnote- spar,andauxiliaryspar.Ifeitherthe
frontorrearsparismuchstrongerthan
twosections,oratmost,withashort, worthy. theother,itmayalsobetermedthemain
centralcabanesectionrigidlyconnected AccordingtomeasurementsbyGustav
withthefuselage.Longerwingsare L illenthal,theratiosofthechordtothe s
par
.Ai
rpl
ane
win
gsa
reg
ene
ral
lym
ade
withtwospars,thoughthereareexcep-
mademostlyinthree sections,themiddle tliicknessofthewingsofvariousbirdsare tions,includingsingle-spartypeswith
sectionbeingusuallythelongest.The asfollows:
rigidplywoodleadingedges,whichhave
wingshapesvaryg reatlywithoutgreatly upperpartLozverpαγf givengoodresults.Thethicknessofthe
:ilﾓectingth
eflightcharacteris
tics.The nfzvingofzving sparsdependsonthethicknessofthe
wingtipsareusuallyroundedinorder Pheasant…………….……….．2030 wing,andthis,inturn,dependson
toprev
enttheforma
tionofvortic
es・Ex- BrantGoose…………..……1715 whetherthewingisbracedorcantilever.
tendingthewingtipsaftproducesin- CarrionCrow……..………1320 Itisadvisabletoutilizethewholewing
herentstability,whichmaybesogreat Urubu…………….……......….917 thicknessforthespars,eventhoughthe
astorendertailsurfacessuperfluous. I3rahminyKite…....………814
Theflightpropertiesofasoarerdepend Swan．...….….…….…….,…...6.7513 strengthcomputationdoesnotcallfor
GoldenEagle……...….….…513 it,becausetherigidityofaspardepends
l
arg
elv
ont
hec
ros
sse
cti
ono
fth
ewi
ng, Pelican…….……….…....….、613 onlyonitsthickness・Ifonlyonespar
FrigateBird.………..……6.510 isused,itshouldbesituated,ifpossible.
Condor…….………………..…6.78.2 inthecenlerofpressureofthewing,
.A,lbatross.……..….………...5S
especiallywhenthewingsaretobe
Oftheabovebirds,thepheasantand manipulatedforcont
rollingthe伍:ght･The
brantgooseemployonlyflapping(light sparspreviouslyusedonengine-driven
andthecrowsoarsveryseldom,while airplanescanhardlybeusedongliding
theothersonlysoar.Thesoaringability orsoaringairplanesbecausetheirweight
−

ofbirds,accordingtotheabovetable,in- isdisproportionaltotheirstrength・The
creaseswiththethicknessoftheirwings. simplestsparsa retheoneshavingathick
Itisseen,moreover,thatforthebest w^ebwithflanges・BoxsparsandI-gIrd-
soarersthewingdiminishlessinthick- erswithplywoodwebs,whichcombine
nesstowardthetips. smallweightwithgreatstrength,arenow
ThewingprofileofthePondlcherry commonlyused.Thewebsareoften
vultureIsverypeculiar,inthatithasa o pen-workedsoastoresemblelattice
recessonthelowersidejustbackofits g irders.Inwhichcasetheyaresometimes
leadingedge.AccordingtoHaidcin, reinforcedbynarrowstrips.Theflanges
similarrecessesarepossessedbythead- fortheboxsparscanusuallybebought
jutant,crane,andflamingo,hencebyall ready-madeinalldimensions.Fine-
landsoarerswithahighwingloading. g rained,knotl
essspruceisgenerallyused
Itisthereforetobeassumedthatthere- f orthispurpose,andwhennecessary.Is
cessfacilitatessoaring.Accordingto f irstspliced,wherebycaremustbetaken
Hankin,thebirdswiththerecessedwing t hatsplicesoftheupperandlowerflanges
profilesoarswifterthanthosewiththe donotcomeoppositeoneanother,・Then
eagleorowlwingprofilewhile,onthe f ollowsthefittingoftheplywoodwebs,
whichmustbedonewiththegreatestac-
contrary,theglidingangleofthelatter
profilesisbetterthanthatofthere- curacy.Thewebsaregluedtothe
cessedprofile.Han
kin'sobservationsre- flangesandsecuredwithsmallbrads.The
fer,however,onlytosoaringinascending gluedsurfaces mustbefirmlypressedto-
thermalcurrents,andhence,itIsnotad- g ether,becausethestrengthofthespar
、亨一

visabletoImitatetherecessedprofile. d ependsontheperfect.gluingofthe
.¥irplaneswiththisprofilewerewrecked flangesandwebs.Itisveryimportant
intheirfirsttests.Therecessedprofile tokeepthesparstraightduringItscon-
islikewiseunsuitedfordynamicsoaring struction・Thiscanbemosteasilyac-
f
lig
htb
eca
use
itd
eve
lop
svo
rti
ces
,wh
ich compllshedonaperfectlylevelsupport.
Profiles increasethedrag. Sinceplywoodsheetscanbeprocuredonly
incertainsizes,thewebsmustbespliced
Brandgans 5．Move moreorless.Ofcourse,thismustbe
Alder 6．4必α〃o“
7.Go〃"2“〃‘斜；
T脇鯉撫鰯onents篭稲撫 donebeforegluingthemtotheflanges.
n Here,also,caremustbetakenthattwo
Eule
8.Gottingetエラ35
aredesignat
edaccordingtotheirlo
catio
Geわ〃 asleading-edgeformer,frontspar,rear splicesdonotcomeoppositeeachother
9．．乃"唯gﾉ宙

i
、e､
,th
e"p
rof
ile
"・A
com
par
iso
nof
the
profilesofthelandandseasoarersshows
出attheformerarerelativelythinandare
thickenedonlyattheleadingedge,while Snﾕicingthevreb
thelatterareconsiderablythickerandhave ofaboxsuar
t
hei
rgr
eat
est
thi
ckn
ess
ata
bou
ton
e-t
hir
d ダ
一
一
ヘ 、
一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 − 一
一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一

ofthechordfromtheleadingedge.If 三

weadopttheviewthatthelandsoarers
utilizeascendingthermalwindsandwinds
whicharedeflectedupwardbymountain
slopes,wefindthesedi任erencescompre-

露
hensible,forthickprofilesenableagreat
increaseintheangleofattackwithout
anysuddenlesseningoftheliftormuch
increaseinthedrag.Theyare,therefore.
especiallyadaptedfordynamicsoaring
flight.He
ncetheGottingenpr
ofile441is Auxiliarysoar Mainspars ｴ』eading-edgeforxer
oftenused.Thishasanespeciallyhigh
lif
tco-ef
ficien
tandi
tssink
ingspe
edisq
uite
constantforalargerangeoftheangleof Cutsthroughsparsofengine-drivenairnlane
attack.ThesimilaritvoftheGottingen
FORJUNE.193
P
age
Thi
rty
-th
ree
Theflangesareoftenreinforcedwiththin
plywood,inordertosupporttheedges
ofthewebsandthusrelievethestresses

慨
。
ontheglue.Thisreinforcementmust
likewisebemadeunderstrongpressure.
butonlyaftertheglueonthesidesofthe
webshasbecomewellset.Boxspars
− − エ ゴ 。 ■ I 、 一 一

arealwaysusedwhenonlyonesparis ゐ
usedwithouttheplywoodleading-edge
former,becausetheyaremuchmoretor-
sionresistingthanI-spars・Thelatter
areusedasmainsparsonlywhenthere
aretwoormorespars,orwhenthewhole
leadingedgeofthewing,fromthetop
ofthespararoundtoitsbottom,iscov-
eredwithplywood.Theconstructionof
anI-girderisconsiderablyeasierand
alsocheaperonaccountofthesmaller
quantityofmaterialrequired.Thewebs
arepreparedInthesamewayasforbox
spars,butwebsectionsarenotjoinedun-
tilaftertheflangeshavebeenadded,the
plywoodconnectingpiecesbeingglued
onbothsidesoftheweb.Theflanges 母
ofI-sparsareoftengroovedtoreceive
theedgesoftheweb.Thismethodis ､a
notrecommended,however,sinceItin-
creasesthecostwithnocommensurate
advantage.Inusingsuchflanges,the p立刀eflanges a P ineflanges
webmustfittightlyInthegrooveand Plywoodwebs b P Iywood.webs
theflangesmustbedrivenonfirmlywith Boxspar
theinterpositionofapieceofwoodbe- Igirders.
tweenthehammerandtheflange.Any
open-workingofthesparwebIsdone
tionalribs．Withcontinuousribs,th I'lieribsare shovedoverthesparsand
withtheaidofastencilaftertheflange.=. flangesareoftenreinforcedalthispoint
havebeenattached. securedbysmalltriangularpieceswhich
bypiecesofplywood,orspecialflangesare aregluedandnailed.Theribsarethen
Ribs used,whicharewideratthispoint.Under gluedatequalintervalstotheleading-
nocircumstancesmustnailsbeusedto edgeformer.Thewingisthenstrengthened
T器s鞭t勝i陪継継崎蝋磯 fastentheribflangetothespar,sincethe
material,weakenedbythenails,wouldbreak
againsttorsionbytheintroductionofdi-
agonalsidewalls,whichmustintersect
isdeterminedbythewingprofile・There ontheleastprovocation. evervribintervalorevcrvsecondinterval.
aretwomaintypes,thosewithtriangular
bracingandthosewithopen-workedply-
woodwebs・Thelatteraremoredi任icult
10makeandmoreexpensive,buttheirgreat-
erstrengthmakesthemdecidedlyprefer-
abletotheformer.Theribsatthejunc-
tionsofthewingsectionsandtheattach-
mentsofthestrutsareoftenofthebox
type,sincethesecanwithstandgreater
stresses･Thevariationsintheplywood
ribsdependonwhetherthewingistoo
rigidorflexible・Thewebisoftenasingle
piece,whichisshovedoverthesparand
securedwithcornerbrackets.Itisalso
oftenmadeIntwoorthreesections,sothat
thesparscanbemadethefullthicknessof
thewing.Websofthesameheightare
madewithapattern,whichalwaysfacili-
talesthework.Thetaskismoredifficult
whenthewingtaperstowardthetips.In
thelattercase,eachindividualribmust
bemadewiththegreatestcarefromthe
workingdesign.Theintervalsbetweenthe
ribsdiffergreatly.Someconstructorspre-
fertousemanyribs,inordertoobtaina
smoothsurfacewithouthollows,while
othersuseonlyafewribsandcoverthe
wingslargelywithplywood・Ingeneral.
theintervalsare12-20inches.Withgreat-
erIntervals,intermediateribsareused.
Thesegenerallyextendbutashortdistance
hackofthemainsparandserveprinci-
pallytopreventthehollowingofthefab-
ricandconsequentprofilechanges. Modeノofα〃〃ん加izvered〃30加？edgliderthat ” 〃 伽 ” " ん orzvithoutmotor.な〃”
Theweakestpointofaribisatthe orig伽α/ideaoftheseyoungaero"α“化α/engineers,zvho伽ejustcompletedオハet〃"d
spar・Inbreaks,especiallyofsingle-spar
wings,thefailureusuallyoccursatthis
modeloftheiroγ城"αノ〃αne,andzv"ノbetested
Unive癒鋤"伽｡尚""id.Itzvillcαγrya450H.P 船繍撫 伽αII""e伽ⅣczvYoγル
//develo力αspeedof200
point・Theriskisnotsogreatwithsec- ？""'isperhour.Lefttoright.C""#0〃 A.Schine"伽 andP賊"ipMasi.
 NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
P
age
Thi
rty
-fo
ur

WeatherChanqcsFateofNations
A
irTra
nspor
tLea
dersG
iveMe
teor
ology
I
mpo
rta
ntT
ask
sofS
afe
gua
rdi
ngF
ligh
t
− ' 一 一 一 一

璽戯逓職

己
＝1−票一

難高。。，引睡j序ゎ ｡
首 一 一

鳥司蓉一hs嚢．！．等ミニ鰹鳶、 画、
0 門 e 7 4

畠DP‘｡卓輔白歯砂亀‘画衝抵自函や 聡画壷
台

岬 陽 。 b 麹
一

一ﾏ、…埋謝．配ら÷・・
− −

、, .▲生

一 一 一

鋤ｼ肥ricanA脚'zvaysFastExpγど“

" A浬綴乳甚譜藤棚鶏職舗謡醗
"H撚塞騨蹴｡糊脳恐
Th
usVicto
rHugo
haswrit
tenin"
LesMis
erabl
es
ofanelementaryforecast,suchasmanypersonsare
" abletomakeintheirhomesbyan'aneroid'bar-
s
howin
ghowafe
wdropso
frain
mastered
Napole
on.'omete
r,whichhasonit
sdial'Fair',℃h
ange',and
We
ather
hasit
seffe
ctupo
nall
life,
human,
anim
al Rain'.Planeswerenewduringtheperiodofthe
WorldWarandweatherwasadecidingfactorin
a
ndp
lant
,andi
tist
oMe
rle
A.R
usse
ll,ch
iefm
ete
or-w
o
logi
stofA
meric
anAi
rwa
ys,I
nc.,t
oshow
itsp
ar- aih
r
.
etherornotcombatsweretobetakenintothe
t
icu
iar
inf
lue
nce
ont
ran
spo
rta
tio
nan
dth
eim
por
tan
t
"AftertheWorldWar,whentheairmailcame
ro lem eteor o
lgy
isp
lay
ing
int
hed
eve
lop
men
tof intoe
xisten
ce,sc
hedul
edairt
ransp
ortat
ionbec
ame
aeronautics.
Volumeshavebeenwrittenonthementaland a
rea
lit
yin
thi
sco
unt
rya
nds
imu
lta
neo
usl
y,a
via
tio
n
p
syc
hol
ogi
cal
eff
ect
sof
def
ini
tem
ete
oro
log
ica
lco
n-

d
i
t
i
o
n
s
o
ni
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
i
n

n
o
t
o
n
l
y
m
u
d

s
t
r
e
c
o
g
n
i
r

i
z
e
a
l
o
f
t
e

h
e
v
a
r
i
o
u
c
t

s
t
a
t
e
s
o
f
l

l
s
,
a
n
d
o
n
y
.

i
n
d
u
s
t
r
y
,d
i
r
e
c
t
l
ya
n
d
M
r
・
R
u
s
e
l
h
o
w
s
a
i
r
t
n
s
p
o
r
t
c
w
e
a
hr
s
t
e
y
x
i
s
t
o
n
h
e
u
r
f
a
c
,
b
u
t
l
s
o
a
t
hh
e
v
r
i
o
u
s
f
l
y
n
g
a
t
i
u
d
e
s
,
a
n
b
g
i
n
e
Uw
t
h
e
s
o
a
W
r
l
d
p
e
r
i
o
d
,
u
t
l
i
n
e
s
m
n
it
o
r
l
g
y
'
s
e
v
r
-
t
h
g
o
w
i
n
p
a
r
t
c
i
t
eo
n
a
e
r
u
t
i
c
s
n
l
t
o
d
a
y
,
i
n
‐
d
St
at
es
,t
he
ai
rt
ra
ns
po
rt
op
er
at
or
sh
av
en
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
i
n
t
e
ns
e
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
l
et
w
e
a
t
h
e
r
e
po
r
t
i
n
g
h
a
v
s
yt
e
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
w
or
l
d
.
a
n
d
c
o
m
T
he
A
m
e
r
i
c
a
n
A
ir
w
a
y
s
y
s
t
e
m
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
l
ar
g
-
r
l
d
・
e
T
h
e
U
nm
o
r
i
te
m
e
e
dr
i
c
a
S
tn
N
o
a
tr
t
h
e
sA
m
e
h
ar
i
c
v
ia
n
c
o
n
gn
t
i
a
in
e
n
r
mt
.
O
a
if
t
h
e
l
s1
4
0
e
rc
i
t
v
ii
e
s
c
ei
n
t
,
5h
e
，
無
2
o淵
：
f
th
em
he
a
r
e
s
e
a
e
rr
v
e
d
o
nb
y
M
r
.
R
a
u
tu
s
e
i
cl
'
s
c
o
s
,
Mm
p
a
n
r
.y
.
e
r
v
i
R
u
sc
e
，
5
s
eI
n
r
e
c
i
l
l
st
i
n
g
a
it
h
e
s
t
o
d
:
wr
y
o
f
m
eh
o
w
m
e
t
t
e
oe
o
r
o
r
ol
g
y
i
s
a
l
g
yi
d
i
n
i
sg
n
y
・
a
i
di
ng
aeronautics，Mr・Russellsaid： O’2γα"“晒皿anageγノreadﾙﾙgweatherrepoﾉn.
FORJUNE.193
P
age
Thi
r+y
-fl
ve

tern,an
dlaterbyTra
nscontinen
talAirTran
sport,
r
q

andthedemandsuponthegovernmentalagencies
forweath
erinformations
urmountedtheab
ilityof
theseagenciestosupplyth
eneed,andtheopera-
torsw
ereforcedtop
rotecttheir
ownplanesag
ainst
theweatherhazard.
"Variousmethodscameintousebutonlytwo,
o
fdi
sti
nct
lyd
iff
ere
ntc
har
act
eri
sti
cs,
sta
ndo
ut.
Un-

撚繊蝿溌議溌雛§灘
t
heg
ove
rnm
ent
alr
epo
rts
whe
rep
oss
ibl
ean
dsu
ppl
e-
mentedsuchreportswhenandwhereneeded.Our
c
omp
any
'sv
ari
ous
div
isi
ons
cho
set
hel
att
erc
our
se.
a
ndwere
ablet
omainta
inanexc
eedingl
yhigho
pera
-
tion
seffi
cienc
yrecord
,withth
ehighe
stdeg
reeo
f
saf
etyofa
nyopera
torflyi
ngmaila
ndpass
enger
s.
dayandnight,inallsectionsoftheUnitedStates.
Today,almostallofthecommercialoperatorshave
I
nte
rio
rof
副7"
eri
can
Air
ztﾉ
"'s
o'e
'．α
蔵"お
off
ice
atC
lev
elα
"｡， adoptedoursystembecauseofitsefficiencyand
showingte彫却’“γ“0γ成祁gweather. economy.
"Therearenowfourdivisionsofgovernmental
weatherbecameaproblem.Airmailflightswere airwaysweatherservice.Theseare:
madeon
thebasisoff
orecastsfr
omthedailyw
eather
maps,whichareissuedateighto'clockinthemorn-
i
nga
nde
igh
to'
clo
cki
nth
eev
eni
ng,
eas
ter
nst
and
ard
t
ime
,bu
tth
epi
lot
sso
onb
ega
nto
use
the
tel
eph
one
tocheckwithpersonsalongtheirroutesonweather
c
ond
iti
ons
bef
ore
the
yst
art
edo
ut.
The
sep
ers
ons
mtimewereappointed'airwaysobservers'.
"Itwasnot
longuntiltheseobserver
swerereport-
ingbytelegraphatregularlyappointedhours,ac-
cordingtothescheduleofmaildepartures・Theob-
serverswere_alsobei
ngequippedwithceilingpro-
Jectors-anmstrument・toascertaintheheightof
thecloudbaseabovetheground-andalsowithwind
mstruments-aninstrumenttodeterminethewind
directionandspeed-andalsobarometersandtlier−
mometers.

"
Abo
utt
his
tim
e,s
che
dul
eda
irp
ass
eng
ers
erv
ice
developedandwithaneedforbettercommunications.
Thisdemandbroughtathree-minuteservicefroma 〃'"α"α"onofrad加γeceiverinFIQA.-i*]
largerforceofobservers;theinstallationofauto-
matictelegraph-typewritersystemsandradiocom- "
T
h
en
a
t
io
n
-
wi
d
e
8a
.
m
.,
w
e
at
h
e
rm
a
p
s,
w
h
ic
h
a
re
c
o
mp
i
l
ed
f
r
om
o
b
se
r
v
a-
n
d
8p
.
m
．（
E
S
T）
w
e
a
t
h
e
r
m
a
p
s
，
w
li
c
h
a
r
e
c
o
m
p
i
l
ed
f
t
i
o
n
s
t
a
k
e
n
s
im
u
l
t
a
n
e
o
u
s
l
y
a
tb
o
u
t
2
0
s
t
a
i
o
ns
,
.
2
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
te
d
o
v
e
r
t
h
e
U
n
i
t
e
dS
t
a
e
s
,
C
a
n
d
a
,A
l
a
s
k
,
'
a
n
d
t
h
eW
s
t
I
n
d
i
e
s
,
a
n
dr
e
s
u
p
l
e
m
n
t
ed
b
y
r
e
-
n
a
d
，
A
1
as
k
,
、
municati
onforairplan
esinflight.

^H I L Ea l l 懸臓 i n en t a la i 鰯 撫, 圭
servicewasinauguratedbyUniversalAviationCor-
p
ora
tio
n,n
owa
uni
tof
the
Ame
ric
anA
irw
ays
sys
-
a
n
d
t
h
e
W
e
st
l
n
d
i
e
s
，
an
d
a
r
e
s
u
p
1p
o
r
t
s
f
r
o
mo
t
h
e
r
c
o
u
n
tr
i
e
s
a
n
d
f
ro
m
b
o
a
t
s
a
t
se
a
.
-
o
T
h
e
se
m
a
p
s
a
r
e
t
he
f
o
u
n
d
a
t
io
n
f
o
r
o
u
r
w
ea
t
h
e
r
e
-
rw
e
a
t
h
e
r
e
-
portingsystem
．
"
The
nth
ere
are
the
reg
ion
alw
eat
her
map
s,d
raw
n-
F アーヮ‐即， ー…
everythreehoursatallUnitedStatesWeather
B
ure
aua
irw
ays
con
tro
lst
ati
ons
,an
dde
sig
ned
tosupplementthelargermapsandtoshowacloser
ne
tworko
frep
orts・Th
eseena
bleame
teorolo
gist
ton
otonly
forec
astweath
erfro
mthelarg
ermap
,
際
b
butto
note
the
small
er,ye
ttro
uble
some,
local
con
-
d
itio
nst
obeen
cou
nte
redby
apl
ane
infli
o-h
t.
‘‘
"Itmig
htsee
mthat
thiss
hould
besuf
fici
ent
w
eat
her
inf
orm
ati
onf
ora
nyi
ndu
str
y.H
owe
ver
,we
一 二 一 一 可

蝋淵閉謡繍畿諸瀞職無産職
g
rap
h-t
ype
wri
ter
cir
cui
ts,
sin
cea
cer
tai
nam
oun
tof
蹴継§望.撫蹴職鯨蝋e蝿c鑑：
識羅J棚穏繍嚇c盛'劃琴幾i鮪差彊舞
c
ura
tel
yex
pla
ine
d.T
heU
nit
edS
tat
esD
epa
rtm
ent
F
7．"
〃zﾉ
iez
vof
rad
ioc
ont
rol
pα"
どんo
npa
sse
nge
rca
6加測
“” 笛｡r認悪罷0綱i塁utics b
r a
n c
h 射髭s遥蹴
 NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
P
age
Thi
rty
-si
x

t
ype
wri
ter
cir
cui
tan
dwi
lli
nst
all
.so
me2
,80
0mi
les
moreofsuchserviceduring1931.Wherethisserv-
i
ce,c
ommon
lykno
wnast
elety
pe,is
notav
aila
ble
at
t
his
time
,thea
irway
sweat
herre
ports
arec
oll
ect
ed
bytelephoneandtelegraph.

i
irj
iHE
fac
tt勝
息噌.
ot舞
柵艇i
噸職1
ouro髄cials-hence，theradiotelephone，whichen‐
ab
lesa
pilo
ttor
ece
ive
inf
orm
ati
ona
she
fli
esh
is
r
oute
,orh
emay
requ
est
inf
orm
ati
ona
she
nee
dsi
t.
"Specia
lweather
station
shavebee
nestabli
shed
byourcompanyandothercompanies,alongthe
lin
eof髄g
ht,an
dtoei
thers
ideof
theai
rway,
and
a
recal
ledup
onind
oubtf
ulcas
estor
eport
condi
-
tions.
Asanexample:Onestation,ofmanyre-
p
ort
ing
,sh
ows
den
seg
rou
ndf
og,
¥vh
ile
all
oft
he
o
the
rsi
ndi
cat
ebl
ues
kya
ndu
nli
mit
edv
isi
bil
ity
.It
h
ard
lys
eem
sri
ght
tha
tat
rip
sho
uld
bec
anc
ell
ed
b
eca
use
oft
hat
par
tic
ula
rsp
ot,
yet
,at
the
sam
eti
me,
itisnotadvisabletosendaplaneintoacondition
whichisknowntobedangerous・Ifthecondition
i
sfo
und
tob
epu
rel
ylo
cal
,af
ter
ane
xte
nsi
vec
hec
k,
t
hep
ilo
tis
ins
tru
cte
dto
det
our
aro
und
the
con
di-
ditionandwhichwayheshouldgo・Thesespecial
stati
onsarever
yvaluable
indeterm
iningthee
xtent
ofallbadweatherandenablethelinestoincrease
theservicerenderedtothemaximumwithabsolute
safetv.

一 一
Radiotransmitterinrearofpassengercab加〆α"2

"I
fthe
pil
otb
eliev
esiti
sin
adv
isa
bleto
make
the
t
rip,e
vena
fterh
isope
ratio
nsm
anage
rhasg
iven
himclearance,hehastheprivilegetocancel.How-
e
ver,i
ftheo
per
ation
smana
ger
has
cance
lleda
tri
p
the
pilot
maynott
akeof
feven
thoug
hhebe
lieve
s
hecanmaketheflightsuccessfully.

R
adi
obr
oad
cas
tin
ciα
"dr
ece
ivi
ngp
ane
lin
pos
iti
on6
ysi
d "0^'患無機織｡繍識譜t粥鯛I
of′"ot'sseal. p
oss
ibl
efai
lur
eto
rec
eiv
ein
str
uct
ion
sbyr
adi
obe
-
c
aus
epfs
tati
ccon
dit
ion
sor
mec
hani
calb
reak
dow
n
"Everyprec
autionistake
ntopreventac
cidents. w
ithi
nther
adioa
ppar
atu
s,au
nifor
msyst
emo
f
Eachlinehasbeensurveyedbygovernmentaland g
rou
ndsi
gnals
hasb
een
ins
tal
ledt
hroug
hou
tth
e
companymeteorolo gists,bothbyairandgroun d. A
t
m
h
e
e
r
o
i
p
c
e
a
r
n
a
A
t
i
r
i
w
o
a
n
y
s
s
m
s
a
y
n
s
a
t
g
e
e
m
r
,
t
t
o
h
h
e
a
s
v
e
e
ma
c
k
e
o
i
m
t
p
p
l
o
e
s
t
s
e
i
c
b
o
l
n
e
t
f
r
o
r
o
l
prior
totheopeningof
scheduledopera
tions,inorder v
thattheweathertobeencounteredmaybeguarded o erallairplanesin伍ght,eventhoughradiocon
-
againsta
ndthereportingstati
onsproperlylocate c
d "epti
onisimpo
ssible.
andequipped.Beforeeachplanemovement,the c Ourpilotsmak eathoroughreporto fweathe
r
onditi
onsencountereda
ftereachtrip,w
hichgives
pilot
discussesth
egeneralwea
thersituati
onasindi- usaconstantcheckontheaccuracyande伍ciencyof
catedontheweathermaps,withboththegovernment
meteorologistsandhisoperationsmanager.Hehas airwaysweatherreport
sandpermitsimprovements
receivedaserie
sofweatherreportsfro
mintermedi- onthesystem.Ourservice,throughtheco-opera-
atestatio
nsalonghisrouteofflight,
whichindicate tionoftheUnitedStatesWeatherBureauandthe
theexactstateoftheweatheratsuchpoints,and,in UnitedS
tatesDepartmen
tofCommerce,dep
artment
noevent,arethesereportsmorethanonehourold, ofaeronautics,hasoneofthefinestweatherre-
and，inmostcases，theyareonlyl5or30minutes p
ort
ing
sys
tem
sin
the
wor
ld,
ist
rie
dan
dte
ste
dan
d
old.Thepilotrecei
veshis'clearance'signsandthe i
sfunc
tioni
ngwi
ththe
utmos
tdeg
reeof
safet
yand
t
rip
iss
tar
ted
. t
heh
ighes
tper
cen
tag
eofun
inte
rru
pte
dsche
dule
s."
FORJUNE.193 P
age
Thi
rfy
-se
ven

THEDEVELOPMENT
ー ▼ ー 一 ー

萱 ｰ．‐制

。f
SOARINGinGERMANY
ByWOLFRAMHIRTH

(
Con
tin
ued
) ”0〃γ“〃H〃fル

The1927and1928RhoenSoaring
Contest-TheGermanExpeditions
toFranceandU．S、A・

戸一、HEyear1927sawquiteanum-
berofyoungpilots,solelyglid-
ingandsoaringpilots,inaction
Itwasdelighlfulforeveryfriend
ofthesportingmovementtowatchthese
youngboys,theiragerangingfrom15
to25years,duringtheirtraining.Un-
tiringlytheyflewtheirmachinedownin-
tothevalley,pullingitupthesteep
inoiintainslopebacktothestartingplnco
aftereachflight.Someonecoineda"say-
ingabouttheflyingduringthisseason,
thattheflyingsportconsistedreallyof
twoparts,the"flying"ofiheshipinto
thevalleyandthesportofdraggingit
backtothestartingplace.Itisesti-
matedthatoneoftheprizewinningclubs
covered18milesduringoneday'swork.
andhalfofthisdistancemeantpulling
theshipbacktothemountaintop.
QuiteremarkableisthefactthatE.
SchiedloftheDarmstadtFlyingGroup
madeallhisthreelicenseswithinone
week,arecordwhichcouldnotbebeaten
soeasily.Ontheseventhdayafterhis
The'"P》'ofessor'fﾉownwiｵハ success6yKror旗〃伽1928.
firsthopinaZoeglinghemadeaflight
’￨ oftenminutesintheimprovedprimary
glider"Goelz".qualifyingforhisfirst
classlicense.
Thesenioroutfitofsoaringp池ts
werenotidleeither.EspeciallyBubi
Nehring,whoshowedanewhismaster-
shipbyflyingthedi篭cultstretchfrom
theWasserkuppetotheHeidelstein,set
linganewrecordingoaldistancefly
ing・Lowhangingcloudsmadehistask
veryhazardous・Nehringalsotookhome
thelaurelsforthelongdistanceflight.
covering32miles,flyingfromoneeleva-
tiontothenextandsoon,whichparticu-
larsortofflyingwasalwayshisspecial-
ty.Eventhoughthisdistancewasalittle
lessthantheoneflownbvKegelduring
his partlyim
voluntarythunderstorm
lI

fl
igtintheprec
h cedingyear,itwasvalued
much higher
Rossitten, situatedintheFarEast
I^Germany, andthefavoredsoaring
terraj FerdinandSchulz,thisfamous

IVolfHirlhzvilhIﾙβ‘‘〃""0”−1928．
鱗窯溌瀞雛謹
newofficialenduranceworldrecord(stil1
P
age
Thi
rty
-ei
ght NATIONALSLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

unbrokentoday),buthealsocovered283 license,afterwhichhecontinuedhis
milesinaclosedcourse・Thishappened t rainingontheWasserkuppe.Rightfrom
onthethirdofMay.Elevendayslater. thebeginningoftheRhoencompetition.
onthe14th,heprovedhismastership hewasthefavoriteinthejuniorcon-
againinanotherline,inlongdistance lest,inwhichheflewthestandardtype
soaring.Heflewastretchof38miles "Professor".Oneofhisfirstaccom-
whereashiscompetitorsKegalandLau- plishmentswasthebreakingoftheold
benthalhadtobesatisfiedwithalittle Wasserkuppeendurancerecordof5hours
less. and22minutesbystayingupmorethan
一ー一一一一〒一一

RobertKroi〃g〃，〃innerofjhCルサtior
一 一 再
R〃oenCon↓'9""on1928.

趣 1
一
、凹一＝
H〃メルSoaringin Vauvill9,Frα"“、
Alltheseeventstookplaceduringthe
lastofthesoaringmeetsinRossilten.
in1927,whichwerediscontinuedfor
lackoffunds.Sincethenonlyone
bigsoaringcontestisheldeveryyearon
theWasserkuppe,beginningtheendof
Tulvandusuallvlastingthreeweeks.
扉
madebefore,butcreditmustbegiven
浮
号
q e ●
toKronfcld,who,throughextensiveand
＝』津,昌一rB−
systematicstudyoftheseunknown
forcesandtheireffectuponthesoaring
plane,gaveusconsiderableandvaluable
information.Greatwastheastonishment
7hours.Hiskeenestcompetitorwas ofhiscomradesandtheonlookerswhen
BachemfromStuttgart.Notsatisfied heclimbedhigherandhigheronare-
withthis,heenteredtheseniorcontest,lativelycalmday,provinghistheoriesto
andsuccesssfullycompetedforthedis- beright・Thedistancegoalflightwhich
tancegoalflightprize.Healsotookthe waswonbyBachemwasonlypossible
prizefortheexploringflight,acom- withthehelpofthesethermiccurrents.
pietelynewkindofcontest,ofwhichthe Lucksawtoitthattheprizesweremore
objectwastoinducepilotstomakelong evenlydividedamongthecompeting
distanceflightsindirectionswhichhad pilots.Dittmaratthistimeestablished
neverbeenflownbefore. anewaltituderecordof2542feet,flying
an"Albert".

T駕溌濫舞溌撫CO淵灘
milesandestablishinganewworldrec-
ord.Healwaysstucktohisoldmethod
ofusingthedifferentmountaincurrents.
whereasKronfeldtookadvantageofthe
so-calledthermiccurrents.Flightswith
theuseoftheselattercurrentshadbeen
The1928Wasserkuppecontestcanbe
regardedasthemostsuccessfulandmos
impressive,forallformerrecordswere
surpassedandbroken.
Threemoreeventswhichmakethe
year1928outstandinginsoaringhistory
(Continuedofルクαge76)

｢一−−−
6Fα"loiisG2rmanSoαγ伽gPiio応．
Leがォ0RigﾙｫｰKegel,H"蝿Sc〃""患．
IﾙCar-弓S＃""〃,Kronfcld,Diltm-αγ・
Theyear1927isalsooutstandingbythe
Openingofseveralothersoaringcamps
inGermany.Worthmentioningare
Grunau,whereSchulzmadethefirstim-
portant伍ghts.andDoernbcrgbeiKassel,
whereKegel,nicknamed"Gewittcrmaxe"
(ThunderstormMac)withafewstudents
obtainedwonderfulresults.
Tileyear1928shouldbeprintedin
goldenlettersinthebookofsoaringhis-
tory,foritbroughtusthegreatestoi
oursoaringmasters,theViennaboy
RobertKronfeld・Longbeforehetool
upflying,hedistinguishedhimselfas
asportsman,bymakingatripinacol-
lapsiblecanoefromLakeGenevair
Switzerland,downtheRiverRhoneand 二通『辰志
alongtheFrenchCoasttoSpain. 里．凸

Afteracomparativelyshortprimary
flyingtraining,hereceivedhisfirstclass 乱SailplaneTransportalVauville.Frα"“．
FORJUNE,193
P
age
Thi
rty
-ni
ne

H
owt
oBu
ild
the
G旧l
len
ger ByT.E・MEAD

(
Con
tin
ued
fro
mAp
ril
Iss
ue]

C⑪nh．olsandSeat
零浬
亘

戸畷織鱗,塁職鑑
一一hardwoodblockintheviseand ー 1．子一・.･--一一一一一

borea1"holeinthecenter,1/2"deep
／
Thevisekeepstheblockfromsplitting
Now,asthetorquebeammustclearthe
H"crossstrutswhentheyarelaternailed
tothetopoftheskid,thebearingblock
mustbelocatedhighenoughonthefront
doublestruttoRivethisclearance.The

一一
centerofthe1"holeshouldbe1-苑葺・
abovethetopoftheskid・Thepieces ー

綱︲陶帰唾恥撚一”蛾趣議
whichholdblockinpositionare5^'′x
苑''X4".Theyarefastenedtothestrut
withglueand¥-H"No.6screws.Drill
holesinthesecleatsfortwoscrewseach.
蕊 ロ

andthen,beforeattachingthemtothe ∼・爵

壷 灘２羅
I 里

strut,nailthemtothesidesofIheblock ”

宮凸﹃一画一一﹄
(Puttheblockintheviseforthis,to 雷一言﹃班
preventsplitting).Thecleatsshouldrest

△・
onthehorizontalcrossstrutwhenin 抑

place;thereforeleavea%'′spaceabove 壷
ー 一 J

thetopoftheskid;thecrossstrutwill
laterbeslidintothisgapandnailed.
Boltthesideplatesandwalking-beam 顔
tothetorquetube,allowingthetubeto
project認'′beyondthefittingsateach
end.Drawtheboltsuptight,cutoff
surpluslengthandrivetthenutsinplace.
Filearoundgrooveinthefrontbearing 踊り"＃､S,“蔵onoftheCAα"engerSkeleton,beforeplyzvoodcozvlinqhasbee〃αpplied.
blocksothatthetorquetubewillbe
paralleltotopofskidwhenrestingin Makethefourstrapstofitoverthepivot verticalfinuntilthestabilizerandrud-
itsbearings.Bendthefrontbearingstrap tubefromthestripsteel・Thesearc derarefinished.Toinsureaperfectfit
intoasmooth"U"whichwillfitsnugly boltedattheouteredgesofthepedals withtherudderandthestabilizer,the
overthetorquetube,andclamp with苑〃boltssothatthecenterofthe rudderisclampedtothesternpost,and
ittotheskidwhileyoudrillholes tubeis7'′fromthetopand5"fromthe thestabilizerismountedbymeansofthe
forbolts. bottomofthepedals.The"U"fittings anglebrackets・Theverticalfinsparis
forwirepullsandspringattachmentare thenclampedtotheupperpartofthe
madeasshown.Donotflattentheends rudderspar.Thefinleadingedgeis
N慨奨紬es謎舗繕溌 ofthepivottubeuntilthelongeronsare thenmitredtofitthetopofthefinspar
inplace.Thefittingwhichholdsthe andthefrontpointofthestabilizer,anこ
gluethecleatsacrosseachend,Waway
fromtheends.Next,bolttheseatbrack- pivottubetotheskidisfastenedinplace thecapstripsareputon.Thestripsat
etstotheseatwitha1-苑〃spacebe- witha1-J4"No.6screw. thebottomofthefinare3/16"x認〃
tweenthemfortheskid・Allowamar- Thisisasfarasyoucangowiththe
Itisadvisabletomakeasimplejig
ginof1"acrossfrontandbackofseat controlsandseatuntilthestreamlining
isstarted. fortheelevatorsandrudder;thesamejig
sothatthehingesmaybeconveniently
boltedthroughtherearedgeofthescat.
Slidetheseatintopositionontheskid TailGroup
sothattherearedgeclearsthetorque
tube%'′andthefrontedgeabout1".
Therearedgeshouldclearthewalking- T謡｡習躍:鯉a語鯉d測蕊雛
beamaboutM".Trytheseattosecif ment.Theleadingedgesaremitredto
theslopeiscomfortableandthendrill fitthesparandthefillerblockismitred
holesforboltsthroughskid，Glueand tofitintotheangleatthefrontjointof
nailtheplywoodtotheseatbackand theleadingedges.Whenthesecutshave
bolthingeson. beenmade,glueisappliedandthecor-
Thebracketsforelevatorpulleyare nersarenailedwith1"No．19cement-
next,made,butnotputonskiduntil coatednails.Thecapstripsarethen
thecrossstruts(whichcomeswiththe putonasshown.Thoseatthecenter.
streamliningmaterials,areinplace).The wheretheverticalfinwillrest,are列綴 Typeof/勾 used forassemb"秘gtherudder
rudderpedalsaresimilartotheseatback. wideinsteadofVz".Donotbuildthe g
彫
α"deりa
foi
..s
Fof
オルe
Chα
"en
get
．．
−

NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
PageForty
is.ofcourse,usedforbothelevators,and
canbeusedfortherudderbyplacingan
extrarowofnailsoutsidethoserequired
fortheelevatortrailingedges.
The1･udderandelevatorsparareall
alike・Notethatthebottomoftherud-

；
derandtheinneredg-csoftheelevators
arcdouble3/16"xH",andnotacon-
tinuationofthelaminatedtrailingedges.
Thelaminatedcurvesarcfittedinto
notchesatthetopendoftherudderspar
童 andtheouterendsoftheelevatorspars.
Thesecurvedtrailingedgesaremade
inthejigandallowedtodrybeforeas-
semblingthemwiththecapstripsand
spars.Somemeansmustbeusedtose-

、＆Ｌ

榊唯調栂
cureagoodghiccontactbetweenthe

Ｉｌｌも。ｐ鷺、入遁
心冒 .
str
ips
whi
let
hey
are
dry
ing
int
hej
ig.
Beforesettingthemintothejig,seethai

魁」 1
1"
一･
･

､④
：
thereisenoughglueonthestripsto
oozeoutwhentheyaresqueezedtogether.
Laythemalltogetherflushattheends
andedges,anddriveonenailattheend,
whichwilllaterfitintotheslottedspar
ends.Placethenailedendinthejig
firstandworkaroundthecurvetoward
thebottom.Ifyouhaveabouttwo
︸一

dozensmallclamps,usethemonthe
s
tri
psa
bou
tev
ery
2-J
^"i
nch
es,
orw
her
-
everthereisatendencyforthestrips
tobulgeapart・Ifyouhavenoclamps.
makesmallwoodenwedgesandforce
thembetweenthe.jig-nailsandthework.
ー∼←_
StillanotherwayistodriveH'′No.20
nailshorizontallythroughthestripsevery
threeinchesorso,clinchingthemon
theinside.
Besuretolaypaperbetweenthejig
andtheworksothatitwillnotstick
down・Theassemblyofthesesurfaces
ismerelyamatteroffollowingthedi-
mansions.

(ToBeCom範施邸eの
毎食逐廷ミ滝壷急、

HAWKSTOREPRESENTU.S.
ATSTOCKHOLMSHOW
！；li
のI
A呼既蝋謡溌,蝋諾欝識悪
I00I
1 ■ ■ 一 一 一 ＝

0
0！

④ ;
;シ,
,""
跨謬
〃う"s;:.
Op−
inStockholmduringtheweekofMay15th
鯵Ｉ言言

byCaptainFrankM・Hawks,recently
園 一 一 一

“の！ ID
;D'5
O：O

chosenbytheLigueInternationaledes
Aviateursastheoutstandingflierinthe
UnitedStatesin1930.
§ TheintincraryofCaptainHawks,whois
ミ亀
nowtouringEuropeasaeronauticaladvi-
N, sorforTheTexasCompany,hasbeenar-

雲 rangedtopermithimtoflyfromoneof
themaj
orcontinenta
lcitiestoSt
ockholm
inthesamelow-wingspeedshipinwhich
今金，

heestablishedalmostascoreofcross-
令・・言．

一
二＄
■ら■こげＪ弾

② わ 口 中 countryrecordsintheUnitedStatesand
O 令蚤 morerecentlyrecordsforthedistances
“角帖叱

茸:槌
fromLondontoRomeandfromParisto
London.
1$．『 職。
L琴引
今金

CaptainHawksisnowoccupiedwith
■０９１０

s
tudyo
ftheair
transp
ortsys
temsofG
reat
Britainandthecontinentalcountries,and
皇、、ｂ吋一
シ愚

duringt
heStockholmshowwill
conferwith
Europeandesignersandenginemanufac-
ミ

turers，TheTexaco13,inwhichCaptain
垂再 Hawkshasbeenestablishinghisrecentrec-
ords.willbeondisplayinStockholmandis
一
expectedtoattract
unusuala仕ention,espe-
cialiyinviewofitssuccessfulassaultson
continentalrecords.
FORJUNE.193 PageForty-one

翰撰

HOMESTUDYCOURSE

ｉｌ
ByMAJORWM.L・PURCELL

ｌ１
O {
&
AIRCRAFTINSTRUMENTS
型 ざ

(
Con
tin
ued
) 闇1A

〃αjorWin.L.P伽γ“〃

thepilottomeasurehisdriftangle.

A瀞藩雛灘
manufacturersasType625,isworthyof
considerationatthistime.
su
e
W
c
a
r
h
h
n
i
a
e
s
l
s
s
e
f
s
.
I
l
t
t
y
r
i
s
i
e
,
n
e
t
h
g
t
e
a
l
r
e
t
i
f
n
g
o
r
i
h
e
g
t
,
j
h
s
u
t
o
s
t
,
r
a
l
e
s
e
i
g
l
a
h
e
s
y
t
c
e
t
d
r
,；j
o
i
b
c
j
s
e
i
c
g
n
showuponthescreenwithremarkable
c
l
t
s
s
,
.

totakeadriftreadingatnightasinthe
ADriftIndicatorisanecessaryauxili- d
ayt
ime
,pr
ovi
ded
,of
cou
rse
,th
esh
ipi
s
arytoacompass,ifaccurateaerialnavi- passingoverlightedobjectsofsu缶icieni
gationistobeaccomplished.・Aswas b
ril
lia
ncy
.
pointedoutheretofore,anairplanemav
beheadedinonedirection,yetfollowa Installation
courseinanother・direction.Thedif-
ferencebetweenheadingandcot"ざeisthe
dγ峨α"gle.Thisisillustrateddiagram- T 悪s淵】驚撫,職弾認雛
625DriftIndicatorinthefloorofan
maticallyintheaccompanyingsketches・The
airplaneAisheadedinthedirectionH. airplane.Tomakeaninstallation,itis
butbecauseofthesidewindW,actually onlynecessarytocutaholeinthefloor
travelstowardC・TheangleDisthedrift. oftheplaneofthepropersizeandfasten
Inorderto"makegood"thedesiredcourse, theDriftIndicatorinp
lacebyfourscrews
Dｻｻ/Indicator
itisimperativethatthepilot(oriiaviga- orbolts.Inmakinganinstallation,itis
tor)knowthedriftanglesothathemay veryimportanttomakesurethatthe
onthegroundappeartotravelinaline Indicator mounted sothatthesigh

calculatetheheadingandthattheairplane
besteeredaccordingly.
Theonlypracticalwayofascertaining
thedriftisbyobservationoftheground.
andaDriftIndicator,orDriftAngle
Meter,astheinstrumentissometimes
called,isusedforthispurpose.
ThePioneerDriftIndicator,type625,
isverylightandcompact.Itismounted
ｒ電山一
alongthescreenparalleltothesight
wires.Theangleofdriftisthenread
directlyfromthescale・Inordertocor-
rectthecompasscourse,simplyaddto
itorsubtractfromit,asthecasemaybe,
thenumberofdegreesofdrift.Itisim-
possibletomakeamistakeindetermin-
ingwhetherthedegreesofdriftshould
beaddedtoorsubtractedfromthepres-
発Ⅱ

intheflooroftheairplane,asillustrated
酌ｗ

恥舵
凶１１

F…C‐…稗『くf画“g唾唾画一

herewith・Anobservationtodetermine cutcompassreading,astheinstrument
driftcanbemadefromwithintheair- itselfisplainlymarkedontherightside
wireswillbeparalleltotheforeandafi
plane,makingitunnecessarytoopenwin-^ "addtocompassheading"andontheleft axisoftheshipwhenthescreenisset
dowsorplacetheheadoutsidetheship. side"subtractfromcompassheading". toazeroreading.
ThisDriftSightisparticularlyadaptable Whenflyingsoloitisnaturallydiffi-
culttoflyastraightcoursewhilelook- Tochecktheforeandaftposition,a
tocabinplanes. cordshouldbestretchedontheground
TheconstructionofthisIndicatoris ingatsomethingonthefloorofanair-
plane.However,theimagesstandout undertheinstrument,exactlyparallelto
extremelysimple.Inthetopofthein- theforeandaftlineoftheship・Hold-
withsufficientdistinctiontoenablethe
strumentismountedagroundglass,3-％〃 ingthetopringoftheinstrumentonzero.
indiameter.Alensisinsertedinthe pilottotakeoccasionalquickglancesat
rotateitsothatthecordwillbesighted
bottomofthefunnel-shapedcase.Asthe H C
exactlyparalleltothesightwires・Anv
浄・、、．

却泌

airplanemovesovertheground,animage errorintheforeandallalignmentwil】
ofthegroundbelowisthrownuponthe
groundglassscreeninthedirectionof
璽
芳 causeasimilarerrorinallreadings・If
asshownintheillustration,theairplane
themovementoftheairplane.Thescreen
itselfisrotatableandisprovidedwith
parallelsightwires,asshownintheil-
lustration,andanangularscale,gradu-
崖=婆． こ』●一コ
atedindegreesfrom0to50onbothsides
ofzero. 坐
theinstrumentandadjustuntilthescreen
T
烏ma
ke蝋
測ro
tat
eth
esc
ree
n oObnjeeocrttswtoratvreilaplasrwailllellstuoftfhiecdreitfotelnianbels.e
eithertotheleftorright,untilobjects
PageForty-two NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
U

hasthefuselagecovercarriedbelowthe liablecompassis,ofcourse,necessary. TheroundtypePitchIndicator,illus-

flooronfairingstrips,aholelargeenough
forthelensshouldbecutinthecovering
Incasethelatterisfurtherbeneaththe
floorthanthelengthoftheinstrument,a
cone,whichincludesthefullangleof
visionoftheinstrument,shouldbemade.
extendingfromthebottomoftheinstru-
menttotheoutsidesurfaceoftheair-
plane.Thediameterofthisconeatthe
bottomoftheairplaneshouldbeequalto
thedistancefromthelowestpointofthe
instrumenttothebottomoftheairplane
andproperallowancemustbemadefor
d
rif
t.
TheTransmittercarriesasmallpro-
pellerwhichrevolvesastheairplanegoes
forward,onceamileactuatingavalve
whichadmitsvacuum,createdbyasmall
butpowerfulVenturitube,toanindi-
catorontheinstrumentboard,adding
onemilelotherecordeddistance.
TheIndicatorhasahandwhichmakes
onerevolutionofthedialforeachbun-
dredmiles・Thehundredsarerecorded
tratedherewith,hasaveryopenscale.
Thehorizontalpointerenablesthepilot
todetectmuchsmallerchangesinposi-
tionofthehandthanispossiblewitha
verticalpointer.
ThePitchIndicatorisoperatedby
meansofaVenturitube,thesameasthe
TurnIndicator.
LandingLights
L慨然｡駕篭airplanecanbe
landedsafelyatnight.・Twoarecarried
oneachairplane,mountedonthewings
orundertheSuselage.Eachlightusesa
12-volt,35amperebulb,andhasabeam
candlepowerofabout260,000.Itiseasy
toinstallandthrowsmuchmorelight
thanthoseusingasmallerbulb.The
addedsizeandweightismorethancom-
pensaledforbythegreatlysuperioril-
luminationobtainedfromthistypeof
LandingLight.

NavigationLights

TS,難雛;雛無難re蝋鰯
bytheDepartmentofCommercetocarry
NavigationLights.NavigationLights
areinstalledinsetsofthree;greenon
therightwing,redontheleftwing,and
AirLog byawheelcounter・Thedistancetrav- white(clear)onthetail.Winglights
eledisreadbyaddingtheindicationof aredesignedtomountonaverticalsur-
T
器銭h
照濫錬
dis
tan
cet
rav
- thecountertothatofthehand.

eledbytheaircraft・Itcorrespondsin
itsfunctiontotheodometer(mileage
counter)ofanautomobilespeedometer,
ortothetraffraillogofaship.
Airdistanceistheyard-stickbywhich
theperformanceofaircraftismeasured.
Ifitisknownaccurately,itispossible
toexpresseveryessentialcharacteristic
ofashipintermswhichhaveasub-
stantialanddependablebasis.
PilchIndicator
face,taillightsonahorizontalsurface.
Thelightsareveryeasytoinstalldue
tothefactthatthebaseisfiat,having
noprojectionstointerferewhenattach-
T器離器:鰯鰯:柵謡溌lly ingtothewingortail.Theyare
issimilarinprincipletoaTurnIndicator. equippedwithdoublecontactsocketsand
AgyroscopicPitchIndicator・differs aresuppliedwith21candlepowerbulbs,
greatlyfromasimplependulousora either6or12-voIt.
liquidinclinometer.Bothlattertypesare
adverselyaffectedbylongitudinalaccel-
erationsoftheairplaneandfrequently N叩!GATIONl-IGHTS
GREENLIGHTONRIGHT

Inordertohavearecordoftheper- showananglewhichisonlyafraction WING､REDONLEFTW1NG

ANDWH両EにLEA鋤αO･跡11
oftheactualinclinationtothevertical.
formanceofhisship,everythoroughpilot
keepsa"log";notingthetimeoftake-
ofモandlandingofeveryflight,figuring
theelapsedtime,andtotaling,dayby
day,theflyingtime.Toarriveatthe
distancehehasflown,thebesthecan
doistomultiplyhishoursbytheesti-
matedaverageairspeed-givingaresult
whichisinmanycasessofarfromcor-
rectthatreliableperformancefigurescan-
notbebaseduponit.
Andtomaintainthisrecord,eitherthe
pilotorhismechanicmustdoalarg-e
amountofclericalwork・Allofthis
"bookkeeping"iseliminatedbytheuse
ofanairlog.
Thisprovidesarealbasisforallcal-
culationsandrecords;fuelandoilcon-
sumption,actualairspeed,servicebe-
tweenoverhauls，costsperpassenger-or
perton-mile,relativefinancialreturn TheParachuteFlare
fromdifferentshipspermileflown,etc. However,pitchingofanairplaneisac-
Theinstrumentisalsovaluablefor
pilotsflyingoverunfamiliarcountry,or
companiednotonlybyfore-and-aftac-
ccleralions,butbyangularmotionabout T
悪Pa
rac
hut
eFl
a錨｡
：繍識
inweather,whichmoreorlessobscures cientgroundilluminationtoenablehim
thelateralaxis,andthismotionistrans-
theirlandmarks.Bymakingallowance latedbythegyroscopeintoanangular tobringhisplanesafelyloearthinevent
forthewind,whichcanbedonewitha displacementofthehandjustoppositeto ofa'forcedlandingafterdark.When
simplegroundobservation,itispossible thatwhichwouldbecausedbyaccelera- somethinghappensonboardaplaneat
tobringashipdownprettyclosetoa lion.Asaresult,thechangesinlongi- nightwhichmightrequireittoland.
desiredfield,evenundermostunfavor- tudinalanglearemagnifiedinsteadof t hepilotimmediatelyneedsillumination
ableconditions・Onsuchaflight,are- obscured. whichwillshowhimthelocationofa
FORJUNE.193 P
age
For
ty-
thr
ee

suitablelandingplaceandwhichwillsuf-
ficientlylightupthatplacesothathe
maysafelysethis.shipdown.The"Chute
Flare",asitiscommonlycalled,will,a
fewsecondsafteritisreleased,lightup
anareaofaboutamileandaquarterin
diameterfromanaltitudeof2,500feet
abovetheground.Theflarethenfloats
slowlydownward,lightinguptheground
moreandmorebrilliantlyasitdescends
Theflarelastsforaboutthreeminutes
burningwithacandlepowerbetweei
300,000and400,000.Itmaybesafelyre-
leasedatanaltitudeof1,200feetabove
thegroundwithoutcausinganydanger
tolifeorpropertybeneathit.
Radio
T鶏x識j謡s熱鰹聯蕊e詮職
inarathergeneralwayinacourseof
thisnature．Enough,however,willbe
giventostimulatesufficientinterestin
thematterastocreateadesireforfur-
therinformation.
Theradiomethodofcommunicationis
undergoingrapidimprovementsandfor
thosestudentswhoareparticularlyinter-
estedinthisphaseofaviationitissug-
gestedthatthevobtaintheverycompre-
hcnsivecataloguesputoutbythemanufac-
turersofaviationcommunicationequipment
astheycontainaquantityoftechnicaldata
thataremostinteresting.
Adisadvantagetothisformofcompassmostinvariablytheroutinewassomewhat
istheamountofapparatusitrequiresbothasfollows:
onthegroundandintheairplane.Prepa-"Beforeaplanetookoffforthenext
rationsforagivencoursemustbemadeairport,therewasaperiodoffeverish
inadvance,justasisdoneonourairmailactivityinwhichinformationregarding
routes,
whichofcourse
limitsitsfie
ldofweather,
windvelociti
es,positions
ofother
a
ppl
ica
tio
n. planes,passengerlistsatpointsalongthe
Withoutgoingintotheengineeringand route,andmanyadditionaloperatingdetails.
technicalproblemswhichwouldordinarily
havetobetakenintoaccountinadiscus-
werecollectedandgiventothepilotas
theyexistedatthemomentofhisde-
parture.Assoonastheshiphadleftthe
sionoftwo-wavradiocommunication.
airport,thegroundpersonnellapsedinto
enoughinterestingmaterialontheprin-
ciplesofoperationcanbepresentedasfood aperiodofinactivityandwaitedexpectant-
forthoughtinthefollowingparagraphs lyforareportthatthedestinationhad
astomakeitworthconsideration: beenreached、Weatherconditionsmight
havechangedcompletelyduringthetime
thattheplanewasintheair,andyet,be-
M皇d舟鷲巽recently爵腰碁砿 causethepilotcouldnotbewarnedofthis
fact,thegroundorganizationwaspower-
phaseofthesubjectverynicelywhenhe lesstohelphim.Forthisreasonthere
saidinpart."Priorto1929theschedule wasnoincentiveforthecollectionofad-
airlinesoftheUnitedStateshadnotbeen ditionalweatherinformationbetweenthe
abletoavailthemselvesofreliablecom-
limethatashiphadleftoneairportand
municationwithaircraftwhilethevwere arrivedatthenext.

一一一ZONE’一一一言ZONE工一一一zonem−−
"O粥畿撫難rie畿蝋雛蓄
unfavorableconditionswhichwouldhave
beenofvitalinteresttoanotherpilotwho
waseitherbehindorinfrontofhim･And
yet,becausehecouldnotpassthisinfer-
mationon,itsvaluewasdefinitelylost.Fur-
thermore,becauseofsomeunforeseenchange
intheweather,thepilotmightnothave
beenabletolandatthefieldofhisoriginal
destination,andtherefore,wouldbeforced
eithertolandatsomeintermediatefield,
orgropearoundforsomeothersuitable
250MILESAVERAGEDIST漁NCEBETWEENRADlOEQUlPPEDAIRPOR丁S locationnearhisobjective.Incasehe
landedatanisolatedemergencyfield,his
whereaboutswouldbeofgreatconcernto
DIAGRAMOFANAIRWAYSHOWINGCOMMUNICATIONNETWORKBETWEENAIR-
CRAFT.AIRPORTSANDWEATHEROBSERVERS･AIRPORTSI,4.AND7ARECON-
allofhisoperatingorganization・Onthe
TROLSTATIONSFORZONESI,HANDm, otherhand,ifhefounditnecessarytolook
foranalternativelandingplacenearhis
TheRadio-DirectionCompasscanbeofinflight・Systemsforcommunicationother pointofdestination,particularlyinthe
greatnavigationalaidwhenusedbypilotsthanradio,suchasvisualsignals,hadbeen eventofbadweather,heunwillinglyas-
flyingbetweenstationsequippedwiththeemployed,buttheirusefulnesswasvery sumedanaddedburdenofresponsibility
propersendingapparatus.Aseriesofsig-restricted.Afewtransportoperatorsused forthesafetyofhisplaneandpassengers.
nalsaresentoutbygroundstationsandcoloredpanelsorsomesimilarmeanso "Withtheavailabilityoftwo-waycom-
arereceivedbyspecialapparatusonthegivinginformationtoplanespassingover munication,however,anentirenewsystem
plane.Earphonesorlightsareusedtotheirairports;butonlvthemostelemen- ofairplaneoperatingprocedurehasbecome
warnthepilotthatheisdeviatingfromtarymessagescouldbesentinthisman- possible.Insteadoftheoldmethodby
hiscourse.Suppose,forinstance,thepi-ner,andanythingapproachinganactual whichthepilotwasisolatedfromthemo-
lotisonhiscorrectcourse;acertainconversationwasimpossible・Ifpilot menthelefttheground,henowisindi-
le仕:erintheMorsecodewouldbeheard.wishedfurtherinformationfromthe recttelephonecommunicationwiththema-
Ifheturnedo圧totheleftadifferentgroundorhadmessagesthatliewantedto jorairportsalongtherouteandwithother
letterwouldbeheard,andiftotherightgiveduringflight,hisonlyrecoursewas airplanesinhisvicinity.Inplaceofthe
yetanotherentirelydifferentletterwouldeithertolandordropanote・Eithero intermittentcollectionofdatabeforethe
informhimthathewasswervingfromthethesealternativeswasunsatisfactoryfrom departureofap1ane,therenowisasmooth
straightandnarrowpath.Iflightsareanoperatingpointofview,withthere- workingsystem,basedprimarilyonthe
used,aslongasawhitelightisseen,thesuitthatvirtuallynocommunicationwas factthatthepilotisconstantlyintouch
planeisgoingintherightdirection,aattemptedwhiletheplaneswereinflight, withhisgroundorganizationatalltimes.
redlightindicatesdeviationinonedirec-eventhoughitmighthavebeenhighlyde-
tion,andgreenlightintheother.Whensirable. p
eri
odi
cal
lya
dvi
se繊
｡龍墨
淵懸荏
erandwindvelocitiesatvariousaltitudes.
thepilotseesacoloredlightburninghe "Inviewoftheselimitations,thegenera!
steershisplaneinadirectionnecessarymethodofoperatingairplanesalongthe Hemaybeadvisedtotakeanalternate
toregainhiscoursewhichisindicatedbymajorairwaysofthecountrywasfrom routeinordertoavoidastormarea,the
thewhitelampburningagain,thebeginning,considerablyhampered.Al presenceofwhichmightotherwisebeun-

P
age
F◎尚
yごf
our
knowntohim・Iftheairportofhisdes-
tinationisnotsuitableforlanding,hemay
bedefinitelyinformedofthefactbefore
hearrives,andothermoresuitablefields
canbelocatedforhiminadvance・Fur-
thermore,ifhelandsatsomeisolatedin-
termediatefieldthegroundsta任isimme-
diatelyreassuredastohissafety,andcan
keephiminformedoftheadvisabilityof
latercontinuinghisflight occurinthisinstanceasheispulledthrough
thetailsurfaces,(assumingthattheplane
isinadive)butitmaysavehislife.
"A§僻t繍獄ip胤湾溌職
ofexchangingweatherreportsamongthem-
selveswillbecomeincreasinglyvaluable.
Thisuseisalreadyregardedasoneofthe
majoradvantagesofradio.Butasidefrom
talkingwithotherplanes,theonlydirect
contactthatthepilothas,istheradio
stationatthenearestairport・Ifthese
stationsaretofulfilltheirfunctionsprop-
erly,theymusthaveanetworkofob-
serversavailableontheground,uponwhom
theycandrawfortheirinformation.This
plannecessitatesafastandreliablesys-
ternofgroundcommunicationwhichwill
tietogetheralloftheobservers,meteoro-
logicaloffices,airportsandradiostations.
"Theimportanceofthegroundcommuni-
cationnetworkcannothestressedtoo
strongly.Itisactuallythenervesystem
oftheairtransportcompany,，Theschema-
ticmapindicatesthattherearcthreetypes
ofcommunicationinvolved.
"First,eachoftheairportsgathersindi-
vidualweatherreportsfromobserversin
thevicinity,whichisusuallydoneover
theordinarytelegraphortelephonelines.
Thesereportsarerepresentedonthemap
bydottedlines.
"Second,theadjacentradiostations,lo-
catedatmainstoppingpointsalongthe
route,mustbeindirectcommunicationwith
eachotheratalltimes,whichmaybedone
eitherby
telegraph,telephone,
orpoint-to- complicatedorliablelofpulandmustnot
pointradio
.Thearrival,departur
eofships. besusceptibletodamagethroughanyor-
theexchangeofweatherreports,andother dinaryserviceconditions.
vitalmessagesregardingoperations,pass
overthiscircuit・Itisrepresentedonthe
mapbythesolidline.
(5)Theparachutemustbeofsuchsize
"Thethirdclassofcommunicationtakes
placebetweencertainofthemajorair- leavetheaircraftwiththeleastdifficulty
portsalongtheairway.Atthesepoints ordelay.
arelocatedtrainedmeteorologists,who (6)Theparachutemustopenpromptly
makeperiodicforecastsoftheweatherin
eachoftheirrespectivezones,basedpri-
marilyupontheindividualreportscollectetl
ateachofthesmallerairports.Theme-
teorologiststhenexchangethisinformation
witheachother,anddrawupageneral
forecastforthewholeterritory.Thelat-
tercircuitisrepresentedonthemapby
thebrokenline･Onlargetransportsys-
terns,whereseveraldifferentroutesareop-
cratedinthesamegeographicalarea,a
separatecircuitisdesirabletotietogether
allofthemajorairports.Onsmaller
systems,however,asinglecircuitwillserve
forcommunicationbetweenbothmajorand
minorpoints,"
TheParachute
T駕嚇ende撫船藍r鰯r溌
saving・Itisusedwhen,duetolossof
propercontroloftheairplane,thepilot
considersitimpossibletolandwithoutin-
curringseriousinjurytohimself.Sue-
NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
cessfullandingshavebeenmadefromal- andverystronganddesignedsoastotrans-
fertheshockofopeninginsuchaman-
titudesunder500feetbutwheneverpossible
jumpsshouldbemadeabovethisaltitude. nerastopreventphysicalinjurytothe
Inanextremeemergencywheretheplane aviator.Itmustalsobesufficientlyad-
iswithinseventy-fivefeetoftheground justabletof
itthelargestandsm
allestper-
itmightbeadvisabletostandupinthe Son．
cockpithighenoughsothatthecarrieris (9)Theliarnessmustbesodesigned
abovethecowlingandpullthecord.In- aslopreventtheaviatorfromfallingout
juriestothejumperareverylikelyto whentheparachuteopens,regardlessof
h
isp
osi
tio
nin
the
air
,ai
ida
tth
esa
met
ime
itmustbepossibletoquicklyremovethe
harnesswlicnlandinginthewaterorin
ahighwind.
(10)Thestrength"followthrough"
mustbeuniformfromtheharnesstothe
topoftheparachutc^bearinginmindthe
oldaxiom−‘‘Nochainisstrongerthanits
ARNE
weakestlink".
w (U)Theparachutemustbesodesigned
astobeeasilyrepackedwithlittletime
r … andlabor.
SE師
郎“
蕊鐘鼠
、
pULLRlNC
T震,淵鯛捌隠‘:#勝競，謙
一
LAPPAC札
freetypeismeantonethatiscomplete
inoneunitstrappedtotheaviatorbya
suitableharnessandhavingnoattachments
totheaircraft・Amanuallyoperatedpara-
TblELAP-秘CKolSUS[DBYOBSERVERSA9JDGU即NERS電E呼鮎Cぽ。R
亡HuTE■T州緬ISPoPULARWIT職PlLOTa
chuteisonethatwillunpackautomatically
whenthewearergivesaslightpullonthe
ringlocatedinareadilyaccessibleplace
AccordingloawellknownParachute ontheharness.Thistypepermitstheavia-
manufacturer,requirementsforparachute tortoopenhischutejustwhenclearof
equipmentisasfollows: theplaneorhecanmakealongfreedrop
(1)Itmustbepossiblefortheavia- beforehepullsthering.
tortoleavetheaircraftregardlessofpo-
sitionitmightbeinwhendisabled.
(2)Theoperatingmeansmustnotde-
pendontheaviatorfallingfromtheair- STR人PS
craft. 型 一
謝親
NAL
(3)Theparachuteequipmentmustbe
元
fastenedtothebodyoftheaviatoratall
timeswhileintheaircraft..
匿
涜 PULL
Rl制G
鋤︾軌
(4)Theoperatingmeansmustnotbo
、｡
潮
謝
雛
andsodisposedastogivethemaximum
憲
雪
REARANDFRONTⅥEWOFSE（TTYpECFpARACHUTE
comforttothewearerandpermithimto
Parachutesrangeinsize,whenopen,from
22feetto28feetindiameter.Thelarger
sizeisusuallyemployedforexhibitionpur-
andmustbecapableofwithstandingthe posesorinpracticejumps.The22foot
shockincurredbya200poundloadfalling chuteisusedinconjunctionwiththe28
ataspeedof400milesperhour. footsizeintrainingjumps,beingcarried
(7)Theparachutemustbesteerablelo asabreastpack.Theregularservicetype
areasonabledegree. is24feetindiameterandweighs,com-
(8)Theharnessmustbecomfortable pletewithharnessapproximately18lbs.
Theaveragerateofdescentis15feetper
second.
Thebodyorairbagofthechuteishigh
gradesilkandthesuspensionorshroud
１１
，
￨
‘
毒︽︲￥壱
MA1NCHUTE OPER師lNG
−WlRE
linesarcsilkcordswhicharecontinuous
fromtheirpointofattachmentononeside
CASﾘNC
^(CMOTt oftheharnesstotheotherpassingthrough
PULL
R1NG andoverthetopoftheairchute.This
formofsuspensiongivesanetworkof
cordswhichgreatlyincreasethestrength.
Ashockabsorbingventisincorporatedin
theapexofthesilkbody.Inthestyle
illustratedasmallparachuteknownasa
』
"pilot"chuteisattachedatthepeakor
地迄︲
‘SEAT
ape刃ofthemainchute・Thisis30inches
STRAP
、
。 indiameterandisconstructedwithsteel
、
ribsandaspringinsuchamannerthat
THEB“H−PA信HTYPEOr“RACHUTE (Co城〃〃icdonヵaq*7tf
FORJUNE.193 P
age
For
ty-
fiv
e

GLIDERANDAIRPLANECLUB
ACTIVITIES
FROMCOASTTOCOAST

Fisher"Y"andA．B、C・Glider pers】、a rdancetoplansreceivedfrom

Clubs anauthoritativesourceinGermany.
Thereisnoconneclionwhatsoeverbe-
tweentheplans･advertisedbytheIdeal
A溌熱c隙W縦A照総｡爵 Aeroplane&SupplyCo.andthisglider
builtbytheAirhoppers.
AircraftShow,thehumoftheairplanes
stoppedandtheleadinggliderclubsof TheGliderClubofWisconsin
Michiganbegantheirdemonstrationof
t
heabi
lityo
ftheir
pilots
andsh
ips. Milwaukee,Wise.
GliderDayattheAircraftShowwas
s
c
i
p
o
l
n
,
s
o
w
r
h
e
i
c
d
h
b
y
i
t
s
h
m
a
e
d
M
i
e
c
u
h
p
o
i
f
g
a
e
n
l
G
e
v
l
e
i
d
n
e
_
r
G
l
C
i
o
u
d
n
e
-
r
'
J'H
EGl
ide
rCl
ub幾
唱is
鷲職s
艦
ClubsofDetroitandnear-bycitiesin GliderClubs.Theyhave,fromrecent
Michigan. reports,obtainedwonderfulglidingand
RobertDuncan,thefirstcommercia 謹
雪 soaringterrain,locatedabout22miles
outsideofMilwaukee.
licensedgliderpilotinMichigan,was 酢一鍾
inchargeofthedemonstrations.Fol
lowingisalistoftheclubsandpilots
whotookpart: ｢一了 蕊
A、B、C.GliderClubpilots,A.Schultz
andJ.Johnson;Fisher"Y"GliderClub
pilots,H
aroldMcCracken
,WilburLock. ￨
調:
wood,RalphHarring
ton;U.ofD.Glider 縮
￨
Club,ClydeWood,FrankWeiler.
TheAirScoutsofAmericaSquadron ノ7心血〃‘砿1'"'GliderChめ．
numberonewerethereinbodyandlent
theclubsahelpinghandinhandlingthe plane&SupplyCo.,NewYorkCityand
s
hip
s. theGlidershownonpage36oftheFeb-
Thegliderswerelaunchedbyauto-tow ruaryissueofthismagazine,underthe
u
singf
ivehu
ndred
feeto
frope
._Tho
se caption:"IntheAiratBarrenIsland-
f
lyi
nguti
lit
ysh
ipsre
por
ted
6minu
tes
in AirhoppersGliderClub",thatthephoto-
theair. graphisanactionpictureoftheAirhop-
Unusualinterestwasshowninthepro- persGliderClub.TheGlidershown 副groupofmembersofGliderα"bof
●

wasbuiltbvthemembersoftheAirhop- ”な“”“?z、
gramoftheGliderClubs.Itwasesti-
matedthattwothousandpeoplelined
thefieldforthefulltwohoursthatthe
clubsperformed.
F
ollowingthein
terestaroused
atthe
Show,twootherY.M.C.A．ClubsinDe-
troitorganizedandplansareunderway
forthefourthclub.Thiswillbringa
tntalof16clubstoDetroit.
A
irh
opp
ers
Gli
der
CUi
b
NewYorkCity

I
Air
hop
per
s醐聖
麓rC
O蝿｡
淵
formallthosewhohavebeeninquiring
aboutthesimilarityoftht-Glidershown
intheadvertisement(ftheIdealAero-
一︽ｆ

ー −一
一

*EDITOR'､5，NOTE:Thisdepart
mentisdezﾉolcdentir9lylonezvso

b垂

SeaがんGliderClu6'ssccondarvunderconsln｛〆low
一

’
一
 NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
P
age
For
ty-
six

TheSecretaryandTreasurer,Mr.Paul ThisfieldwasdonatedtotheGliderClubs EdgewaterFlyingClub

Schroeter,of2851N.DownerAvenue,bytheCli圧ordReidRealEstateCo.,,in Chicago,皿．
Milwaukee,isveryanxioustogetin theho
pesthatit
mightadve
rtisethei
rsub-
touchwithallgliderenthusiastsinMil- division.Ithasnotonlydonethisbut
waukeeandextendsthemanopeninvi-
tationtovisitthem,eitherattheirclub 観､駕諦c孟鵬of蹴譜爵i謡麓 A ^珊騎｡淵,selyinte患珊
aviationanddesiringtoreceiveanaero-
houseoratthefield. ItwouldwellpayanyChamberofCom- nauticaltrainingorganizedtheEdge-
mercetotryandgetsuchglideractivity waterFlyingClub.Atthattime,itwas
neartheirtownfortheadvertisingand
「 purelyalocalorganizationonthenorth
crowdsthatitbringsonSundays.As sideofthecity.Theclubwasincorpor-
manyas20,000peoplehavebeentoone atedunderthelawsoftheStateofIlli-
GliderMeetthatwasheldattheglider
noisasanorganizationnotforprofit.
fieldhere・EverySundayfromonetofour TheEdgewaterFlyingClubmadea
thousandcarsdriveovertotheGliderPort
quietentranceintotheaeronauticalfield
toseetheglidersfly.
afewyearsagoandinspiteofgeneral
汐 L r 、
Thismightbeamethodforotherclubs adversebusinessconditions,theclubrap-
塞諏崇潤
宇 ・ ･ 言 touseingettingtheirChamberofCom- idlygrewfromanobscuregroupofa
mercetohelpthemwithafield.Themore fewaggressiveyoungmen,interestedin
gliderfields,themoregliders.
酔磯譲懲懇蕊溌謹騒蕊鍾謹 enteringthefieldofaviation,tothemost
active"notforprofit"flyingorganization
AmericanAirplane&GUderClub
inthecountry.
MemberofGliderClubofPVisconsit&αbout NewYorkCity Therearenodividendstobondhold-
tor"α陸alanding.
ersoranyothersuchdrainsontheclub
TheFirstGliderPortintheUnited O需謡零e鴨､篭enious繍謡 treasury.Theyfeltthatthroughtheir
StatesUsedbyTheSanBernardino gliding,bothprimaryandsoaring,hasbeen combinedeffortsthattheywouldbeable
accomplishedbytheAmericanAirplane& tobuildupanorganizationsothatit
GliderClub
GliderClub,anorganizationwithabout wouldbepossibletogivetoeachmem-
sixtymembers,locatedat241West68th bercompleteaeronauticaltrainingata
T器t無t殿c魁鴨院ortinthe Street,andwhohaveattheirdisposal
Germangliderpilots,engineersandmodel
moderatecost.
Theyknewthatoneofthereasonswhy
forovertwoyearswithoutanyseriousac-
cident・Yettherehasbeenfromthreeto builders.Membersofthisclubreceive aviationwasnotprogressingasfastasit
twenty-fourglidersflyingattheFieldev- theirinstructionandthecostisdefrayed shouldwasthefactthatitwaspractically
erySaturday,SundayandHoliday,rain bythemembersasawhole・TheClub impossibleforayoungmanofmoderate
orshinesinceitwasopened.Oneofthe maintainsaninstructionfieldforprimary meanstobreakintothefascinatingbusi-
highestsoaringflightsmadeatthisfield pupilsatRockleighBoroinNewJersey, nessofflying.
wasmadeduringarainstorm.Thisis abouttwelvemilesfromNewYork,and .'¥tthattimetherewerealsootherob-
theRcdondoGliderFieldatRedondo, abeautifulsoaringfieldatLafaye仕:e.N.J.， sfaclesbesidepriceandthatwasthefact
C
ali
f.
aboutsixtvmilesfromNewYoi^k. thatagreatmanyschoolsdidnothave
competentinstructorsandequipmenttogive
F三一 acompletecoursethatwouldprepareaman

￨ tostepouttoanairportandgetajob
asamechanicorpilot.
TheEdgewaterFlyingClubrentedastore
onthenorthsideofthecityandimmediate-
lystartedontheconstructionofthefirst
一聖
撃．︾

ship.Thisshipwasbuiltentirelybymem-
bersoftheclubundersupervisionofan
一ｔ

aeronauticalengineer.
Theclubgrewsorapidlythattheycould
notrelyontheconstructionofplanesto
meetthedemandforflighttrainingofthe
幸一
必

熟秘蕊｡_皇豊 membership,soitbecamenecessarytopur-
SanBer伽α7私伽oGliderClubandルハβ〃Ezﾉα"s chasefactorymadeequipment.Theclub
se
condar
yglide
r. 丑niericanAirplane&GliderCli必ｼ凡例"6鋤･ nowoperatesfourdifferenttypesofair-
〃ルα､γ･
p
lanes.
Thefieldisahalfmilewideandamile
Theflighttrainingisnowcarriedonat
longwithagentlesloopdowntothecli任s Membersarcgivenathoroughtraining
intheNewYorkclubroomsandadevice theChicagoMunicipalAirportwherethe
thatoverlooktheocean.Thesecli任sare
clubmaintainsacozyclubroomonthesec-
fromfiftytoahundredfeethighand hasbeensetupsomewhatlikeawindtun- ondflooroftheCentralAirTerminal
risefromawidesandybeachatthe nelwherebyamemberofthisclubis
ocean･ taughttheregularhandlingofanairplane Hangaroverlookingthebusyairport.Their
flyingteachingsta圧nowconsistsofthree
Theseabreezecominginfromtheocean orglider.Themembersofthisclubbuild wellknownlicensedtransportpilots.
makesthehillandcliffsanidealspotfor theirownequipmentinsuringenoughma- Theclubpridesitselfonprecautionstaken
flying.Thestudentsinprimariescanfly chinesforallofthemembers.
Mr.EmilRomberg,aGermanengi- tosafeguardtheirmembers.Allflying
fromthehillandseldomgetovertento studentsarerequiredtousetheclubpara-
fifteenfeetabovetheground,yetthey neer,isthepresident,andinaninter-
chuteswhiletakinginstructionandmak-
madeaflightofoveramileinlength. viewhasstaledthatafteramemberre- ingsoloflights.
Thevcantrygentlebanks,turnsandspot ceivesalicensefromtheDepartmentof Theclubalsomaintainsclubroomsand
landings・Thosewiththesecondaryglid- Commercethemembershipisstillre- officesontherimoftheLoopwherethe
erscanflyondownoverthecliffsand tainedonaccountofthejointownership airuniversityislocatedandwhereitis
havesoaredforoverthreemilesdown intheequipment,furnishedbytheclub.
convenientforeverymember.Itconsists
thebeach. thusenablingagraduatedstudenttofly
ofseverallargeclubrooms.classrooms.
Thesailplanescanstartfromthehill. withoutinvestinganymoneyinthepur- andworkshopsequippedwithwindtunnel
gainaltitudeandmakelongflights.Most chaseofglidersorairplanes. andseveralmoderntypesofengines・There
anyafternoontheseabreezestrikingthe Thisisonlyoneofthemanyways
arevariousunitsofinterestsothateach
cliffsmakesanupdraftthatwillkeepany clubsarcgettingtheirmembersintothe
membermayparticipateinthatparticular
sailplaneafloat;ifthewinddiesdown airandthisSpringandSummershould unitinwhichheismostinterested.One
suddenlythesandybeachmakesasafe seemanythousandsofnewflyersand
land
ing. prospectivecustomersofairplanes. (Coi噸畑ledonpane79)
FORJUNE,193
P
age
For
ty-
sev
en

SIMPLIFIEDENGINEERINGAN D
ITSAPPLICATIONS
ByLOUISA・MEYER.A
ero
nau
tic
alE
ngi
nee
r
E
ngi
nee
rin
gRe
sea
rch Bureau

ANINTRODUCTIONTOTHISINSTRUCTIVE
SERIESBYPROF．ALEXANDERKLEMIh

Thereisnom
oreimportanteducationalta
skthan
thedi仔usionofsoundknowledgeofengineering
princ
iplesint
heaviati
onindust
ry.Thete
chnician
is
welltakencareofinhisfundamentaluniversity
course
s,inhisengin
eeringpapers
andinthetech
ni-
c
alp
res
s.I
tis
the
you
ngd
raf
tsm
an,
ort
hey
oun
g

一一一
mechanic,orgroundengineerforwhomsoundand
−
−
一

TUG-OF-W八頂
一

corr
ectprin
ciplesi
naviat
ionareh
arderto
secure. sﾅご'ticouilit>>･lum
Ihavereadwithmuchinteresttheoutlineand
someoftheintroductoryarticlesofMr.Meyers
series.Thismaterialimpressesmeasmeetingthe
aboves
pecification
s,andlikel
ytobeofinter
estand ○
realhelptogreatnumbersofmenintheaviation ○
industry ，InviewofMr・Meyersexpe rienceasan 、
enginee
r,mechanic,
andteacher,
himself,thi
smight
havebeenexpected.
Ishallreadotherarticlesinthisserieswiththe
1
g
reatesti
ntere
st.

一一一
UNBALANCEDTOTJCEi'
Ron亡拓oweo
(signed)ALEXANDERKLEMIN,
Pro
f e
ssorof
Aerona
utical
Engine
erin
g,
N
ewYorkU
niversity
;Technic
alEdit
orof
A
viati
onEngi
neer
ing.

A溌雛灘職難蝉難¥/
署 爵蒲i臓孟撫艦鰯茎鰯鵬r'^h^*一脚.隙:鯛鰯菟.獅弄’
information(andtheabilitytounderstandit)isof
v
ita
lim
por
tan
cei
nre
sea
rch
wor
k.C
omp
lic
ate
dpl
ain
the
why
and
the
whe
ref
ore
ofs
oun
dde
sig
n
磯
謡魁t
野潔も
継堂n
sav
ail
恐淵謡
：鵜殿
溌懸｡
asf
ara
spo
ssi
ble
i…i
mpl
eel
e-
謡
c
i
I
rc
l
淵
ei
s
撫
e
鳴
q
ua
認
l
to
i
3
.1
篭
4
16
雛
t
i
鵜
me
s
雛
th
e
撫
s
r
q
ua
･
r
eo
廃
f
th
〔
e
o
h
pp
o
脇
si
t
慕
e
'
r
ea
溌
c
ti
繍
o
n.
i
I
t
艇
so
u
蕊
nd
s
撫
s
i
i
mp
誇
l
ee
鷲
n
ou
淵
g
h
謝
(a
n
瀧
di
s)
r
adi
us・
Thi
seq
uat
ion
ban
beP
rov
edo
nly
byt
heb
utm
any
mis
tak
esa
ris
ebe
cau
sei
tis
not
cle
arl
y
雛
s
am
撫
e
d
f
is
t
s
in
c
i
t
s
i
on
鯉
i
st
謡
r
ue
撫
i
nt
淵
h
e
綱
ma
j
職
or
p
i
ar
t
s
o
s
f
en
o
g
i-
u
w
it
撫
h
af
跳
o
r
I
ce
o
譜
fo
n
蝋
eh
u
測
n
§
d
re
柵
d
po
翌
u
nd
溌
s
.H
K
o
w
淵
's
t
跳
ro
ng
n
eer
ing
wor
k・T
heP
roo
fof
ala
wma
ybe
ver
yco
m‐m
ust
the
rop
ebe
？Mu
sti
tbe
str
ong
eno
ugh
tow
ith
‐
磯職謡鶏概:識駕airplanedesig…d銚翌無職．§蹴蕊箔､鯛蕊畷淵協s：
漁灘鱈溌灘灘騒蕊識嬉選職§職難騨
畷既謹｡雛h珊淵雛:磯野洲碓離職 総 継 脇 u
骨
st
p
噸
ingglidersandlightairplanes.
pa
rto
fth
ero
pem ul
l
望
ag
a
蹴
in
s
職
tt
h
t
ea
dj
h
o
in
潔
i
ng
悪
p
art

竺
c
an
凝
b
eus
ed
潔
w
it
溌
h
out
a
蕊
ny
fu
蕊
r
the
r
蕪
st
ud
灘
y
,an
d
雛
to
･e
羅
x
-e
潔
n
oug
h
建
to
wi
議
t
hst
a
鱗
nd
ap
灘
u
llo
f
鞭
on
eh
講
u
nd
署
r
edp
ou
蕊
n
ds'
!
 NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
P
age
For
ty-
eig
ht

Supposewecuttheropeandinsertaspringscale. it,strongerthanalinenthreadofthesamesize.
Howmuchwillthescaleread？obviously，itwill Thesecondfactorisalsoobvious.Ifwedouble
readonehundredpounds.Supposewecuttherope therope(thusdoublingthecross-sectionalarea).
infiveplacesa
longitslengthandinse
rtascalein theropeistwiceasstrong.Butitisimportantto
cachplace・Howmuchwillthescaleread？Each knowthatthedistributionoftheareahasnoeffect
onewillreadonehundredpounds.(SeeFigure1). onthetensilestrength・Thus,asolidroundbar,a
Someofyoumaythinkthisisstrange,butitis squaretierod,astreamlinedwireandaroundor
justana”licationofthislaw-everyactionhasan streamlinedtubehavethesametensilestrengthif
equalandoppositereaction.Andifyouarestill madefromthesamematerialandhavethesame
skepti
cal-try
itandcon
vinceyo
urselft
hatitist
rue， cross-sectionalarea.Later,wewillseethatwhile
Letusgoastepfurtherwiththediscussion.In thedistributionofareaplaysnopartintensile
orderthatamancanexertaforceofonehundred .strength,itisanimportantfactorinothertypesof
pounds
,hemustbea
bletobrace
himselfaga
instthe oading,suchasthebendingstrengthortorsional
l
ground.Ifthementriedtohaveatugofwaron strength.
anicepond,assoonastheybeganpullingagainst Letusnowseewhatthetensilestrengthofvarious
eachother,theirfeetwouldslipandtheywould materialsusedinaircraftare.Thefollowinglist
.slidetowardseachother.Inotherwords,theground givesthetensilestrengthforcross-sectionalareaof
mustreactagainstthemanwiththesameonehun- onesquareinch: TenHllflHtrensth
dredpoundforce.Ofcourse,thepressurethatthe M式耶堀歴IALS..PeE8q･inch）
(inpounds

L^rou
ndcanexe
rtistre
mendous,
butinthi
s-partic
ular Steel
case,theconnectionbetweenthemanandgroundis Commercial(S､A.E.No.1015-1020).．．．．．．．．．．、42,000
MildCai､bon(S.A.B.No.1025)..．．．．．．．．．．．.55,000
madethroughfrictionbetweentheman'sshoesand ChromeMolybdenum(S.▲.,E.No.4130)．．．．．．．.96.000
thegroundwithwhichitisincontact.Thisfric- 離淵淵t謡綴･も世凱磁,upto180,000
tionmustalsobeequaltothesameforce. WO⑪d
Ash．．．．．．．．−．．．．．．．．．…．．．．．．．．．…．．．．．．．．、16,000
spruce．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、−．．．．．．．．10.000
'制j蕊:需卿藍畿謡噸i総職;職』 Tofindthetensilestrengthforjiiiyothercross-
sectionareawethenusetheformulaP二二sA･
iftheropeisstrongenoughtowithstandapullof
unehundredpoundswithoutbreakingandtheground Where"P"isthemaximumloadthatthemember
frictionisonehundredpounds,thentheentiresystem cancarryintensioninpounds
offorceswillbalanceandthetugofwarwillbea "S"istensilestrengthofmaterialinpounds
t
ie. persq.in.
Thisconditioniscalledstaticequilibrium-astate "A"iscross-sectionalareainsq.inches.
ofbalancewitheverythingatrest.Rememberthat Forexample:Whatloadcanadura!stripsup-
termbecauseitisusedveryoften.Ifanyofthe p ortifitislin､wideand苑in・thick？
aboveconditionsarenotfulfilled,thatis,ifoneof
themencannotexertaforceofonehundredpounds. Fromthelistgiven,"S"forduralequals55,000
oriftheropeisnotstrongenoughorthefrictionis I
bs./s
q・in
.
notgreatenoughtowithstandapullofonehundred "A"equals1"x1/8''equals1/8sq.in.
p
oun
ds,
the
nth
ere
qui
red
rea
cti
onw
ill
not
bet
hee Theree
r fore,"P"equalsSxAequals55,000xJ/g
quals6,875pounds(answer).
andthesystemofforceswillnolongerbeinastate
ofstaticequilibrium(andtheequilibriumofthe Itissometimesmoreconvenienttousethe
menpullingontheropewillalsobeupset). formulaintheformAequalsP/S,orintheform
SequalsP/A,dependingonwhichofthethreequan-
く７

titesisunknown.Alwaysusetheoneinwhichthe
unknownisontheleftsideoftheequation.
Example2.Wewishtosupportaweightot
40,000lbs.byawirehavingacross-sectionnot
greaterthan0.25sq.inches.Whatmaterialcanwe
−
use？
一一

SequalsP/Aequals40,0OO/.25equals160,000
一
I
bs.
/sq
.in
.
THEBOAT瓦ACE Wemustthereforeuseamaterialwhosetensile
9
-rつ
凱巴冠
-TV
2.
strengthisatleast160,000Ibs./sq.in・Referringto
Wearenowinterestedindeterminingthestrength thelist,weseethatheat-treatedalloysteelisthe
oftherQ pe・Uponwhatdoes thestrengthdepe nd？ onlymaterialstrongenough.
Theforceexertedontheropeisapullingforceand Example3.Whatcross-sectionalareaisrequired
iscalledtension.Thereareotherkindsofforces. tosupportaloadof2,100lbs.onamembermadeof
s
ucha
scom
press
ion,b
endin
gandt
orsio
n(ort
wist
- commercialsteel？
in
g).
Wew
illd
iscus
sthes
einla
terar
ticle
s.To
day
, AequalsP/Sequals2,100/42,000equals0.05sq.in.
wewilllimitourselvestotensiononly,sincethatis
Inaircraftwork,tensionmembersaregenerally
theforceexertedontherope. wiresorrodsandcanbeobtainedinstandardsizes
Weobservethatthetensilestrengthdoesnotde-
inhardwire,streamlinewire,flexiblecable,and
penduponthelength.Theropecanwithstandthe squareorroundtie-rods.Thestrengthofthese
samepull
ifitisonefootl
ongortenfeetin
length. membershaveallbeendeterminedbyactualtests
Thetensilestrengthdependsontwofactorsonly. andnofurthercalculationsarenecessary.Thefol-
(1)Thematerial
used.(2)Thecross-se
ctionalarea lowingtablegivesthestrengthanddimensionsoi
(whichistheareaseenwhenlookingattheendof thesestandardtensionmembers.
theropei
fitiscutatrightanglest
othelength). (Cont〃"Ied0〃汐aae50)
Thefirstfactorneedsnoexplanation.Asteelwire
FORJUNE.193
P
age
For
ty-
nin
e

州ｗ
THREEA T V E R Y L O 閑港紗 VERYPOPULA

T
hes
eTh
ree
Edu
cat
ion
alM
ode
lsA
reE
xce
lle
ntF
orB
oth
Beg
inn
ers
and
Adv
anc
edModelBuUm⑧rg
E44SYTOBUILD−EASYTOFLy
EITHERHANDLAUNCHEDORRISE-OFF-GROUND(R.0.G.）
The恥．0．G.istheWorld'sMo8t Orl^inulDesiem−欝ewrOrk'8
PopularIndoorModel
Sensation,"THECOMET"

A・△．C･Baby丑．0．G．Kit・Completewithfullsizeplana
andinstructions・Cut-to-8izegrade"A"BalsaWood.Red
JapaneseHakoneTissue,Ambroid,BananaOil,etc、PaCked
incompactbox.readyforshipment.
POSTPAID−−ONLY30c
Babyinsize,butGIA画minperlormance･m1igindoor
commercialmodelisof11"wlngspauandguaranteedto
riseofftheground.Kitcompletewithfullsizeplansand
in8tructions・・Cut-to-sizegrade"A"BalsaWood.Red
JapaneseHakoneTissue,Ambroid.BananaOil.Celluloid
Wheel8，etG・
POSTPAID−ONLY50c

U．S.ARMY H A W K
12"FLYINGMODEI

I瀞瀞測 ＄
利旦0
0
POSTPAI。
晶
一

C
OMP
LET
EKI
T-l
ncI
ude
sfd
ll-
siz
epI
ans
def
aiI
edb
uil
din
gin
sﾅr
uct
ion
s:a
mbr
oid
cem
ent
;ba
nan
aoi
l;f
eat
her
wei
ght
c
ell
uIo
idwh
eels
；Japa
nese
Hak
one
cov
eri
n9；p
lenf
yOf・e
rade
”A”b
als
awo
oda
ndsu
ppli
es−AN
DRED
,WHl
TE
A
NDB
LUE
MIL
ITAR
YINS
IGNI
AS(
Sta
rs.
Str
ipe
s.U
.S・A
rmy.
Etc.
)als
opi
ctu
res
oft
hem
odel
.Eve
ryth
ings
nug
ly
p
ack
edi
nbo
xan
dma
ile
din
ver
yst
ron
gsh
ipp
ing
car
ton
・Fo
r＋h
ePr
ice
ofO
nIy
−
ONEDOLLARノ』』

A
skY
our
Dea
ler
orD
epa
rfm
enf
S+o
ref
orf
his
Kif
-or
Sen
dYo
urR
emi
汁an
ce(
Qas
h-C
hec
k-o
rMo
ney
Ord
er)
fo
(.VoPo鋤α"eStamps.Ca"α飾α犯orForeignCoi祁』c“”eα）

A､A､C・MODELAIRCRAFTERS4715ThirdAve.,NewYorkCity

BEVyAREノ･ノ
GetYourSterlingSilverW航gs
Donotbeconfusedwithotheror鳶迅nizutionsorfirmsusing
th⑧initia1gA.△.C、馳gin⑥urnanle･
ThereIsONLYONmA.▲.C、MODEI,A1UCKA万四皿恥S，
wh恥hisanindependentorg拠nizationandhas血び五帝涌j盃5壷：
撫竜簿繍餓撫溌撚詳職瀞溌
WevalueourgoodmEmoandreputationfortliehigh
g”mdordofmerchandisewose皿． 瀞撚瀞灘謹熟輔撫溌墓溌謡撫
REIⅥ画ⅥBERthefullname− o(^翻淵噌鵬慨飢銘ぷ麓F艶Ⅱ班柵濫｡蹄彊爵'｡"｡r’
"A.A、C.MODELAIRCRAFTERS" ’0画頑owill揺軍震需c鮭｡親器ptains.
 NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
P
age
Fif
ty
TABLE-I

StrengthofHardWire
︾“０１２３４−５６７８９０１２３４５６７８９０１

肱⑧
Ｓ
ｔ

Itrenkingstrength

牽碓
ｅ

m,xnc“r Wei窓11tl》er
i加inch 100ft./Ibs. inlbg、

0．30624．87 14,000
0．28321．14 12，100
0．26218．25 ユ0，520
0．24415．7ユ 9,200
0．22513．36 7,950
0.20711．31 6,850
0．1929$73 6，030
0．1778．27 5,250
0 ． 1 6 2 6 ． 9 3 49520
．0．1485．78 3，850
0．1354.8ユ 3,290
0 ． 1 2 0 3 . 8 0 2,670
0．1052．91 2，090
0 ． 0 9 1 2 ． 2 3 1，600
0 ． 0 8 0 ユ . 6 9 1，260
0 ． 0 7 2 1 ． 3 7 1，040
0 . 0 6 2 1 - 0 5 775
0.0540．770 600
460
0.047P．583
0 ． 0 4 1 0 . “ 4 356
0．0340，323 250
0．0320.270 225

TABLE-II

S
tre
ngt
hof
Ste
elC
abl
e
蕊0m一五lexible
19strandsFlexible7x7 璽玉trn-r1eXible7韮19
Weight
rinlb．Breaking We唯htBr⑧郷kin窓 ¥VeightinBreaking
per100strengthInlb.strength 1b･perstrength
雌．Poundsper100ft・round8 lOOft．ronnmg
D”皿eterininchc8
0､0311/32 0．30185
．0621/16 0.785000．81480
1．217800．83550

雛蕊 1．751，1001．45920
２４６９２４７２６

２２４５７８９２４
０００００００００
０００００００００
０８２６００８５４
2．601，600
。○ん強Ａ型度ＵｎＵ院Ｕ庁’Ｒｕ４組
口○“４−”。・ｎｖｎＵ−唇勺４⑨Ｊ男
。Ｇｐ●弓■、。。

９，，，，２，，、
、1251/8
．ﾕ565/32
3.502,1002.451,350
5．50
7．70 糊I郷；洲
噺oWe-mろ
．ﾕ873/16
１１１２２

．2187/32 10．006，1008．304，600
13．508，00010．505,800
: 謝鯛2
１１

．3125/16 20．6512，50016．709,200
．34411/32 司
．3753/8 I ‐

TABLE-III
S
tre
n9t
hof
Tie
-Ro
ds

ｑ
呼迦︾皿皿州州祁祁皿鋤
Ｓｂｔ
Stre血.xnliI1e n⑪und

ｍｍ１−１︽

ｇｌ
ｂ
SizeandThreadsbreakingbreaking

８
onednc ●】11岳 副WallKSVC
perinchstrength,lb.strength,lb、
6-401,0001,000
a十-一一 10-322,1001,900
1 2 - 2 8 2 , 6 0 0
1/4-283,4003.400

論
5/16-246,1005,700
3/8-248,5008,500
7/16-2011,50011,500
1/2-2015,50015,500
ProblemsToBeSolved

伽リ柵
Theanswerstotheseproblemswillbegivenin
thenextarticle.
1.Youhaveoftenheardtheexpression"trying
t
oli
fth
ims
elf
byh
isb
oot
str
aps
."I
fam
anw
eig
h-
i
ng1
00l
bs・
can
lif
tan
oth
erw
eig
hin
g15
0lb
s.,
why
c
ann
oth
eli
ter
all
y"l
ift
him
sel
fby
his
boo
tst
rap
s?"
2.Twoboatsarethesamedistancefromthedock.

I
鴬1
A
rop
eex
ten
dsf
rom
eac
hbo
att
o't
hed
ock
sot
hat
itcanbepulledin・Oneropeistiedtothedock,the
otherisheldbyamanstandingthere.Thismanand
themeninthe*boatscanallexertanequalforceof
100lbs.pullontherope.Seediagramwhichboat

繍鐘雲
willreachthedockfirst？Explainindetailwhy
youi;statementiscorrect．。
3．Menarehoistingaweightof1,500lbs.overa
切り1

singl
efriction
lesspull
ey,asshow
ninthedia
gram.
Wewishtosupportthepulleybracketbyacable.
Whatisthesmallestsizehardwirethatcanbeused:
Non-Hexiblel9strandscable？Flexible7x7
Cable？Extra-flexible7xl9Cable？Tie-rod？Usご
o
nly
the
sta
nda
rds
ize
sli
ste
din
the
tab
les
.(W
atc
h
yourstepinthisone).
FORJUNE.193
P
age
Fif
ty-
one

NOWVOUCAN

’一

4肥肥⑪朋肌⑱"肥〃
汀HEE即⑪EWATE配FLYIN⑰①LUB9S
PLAXOFⅡ■WDTPLANETRAINING
E
dge
wat
eri
sag
ain
fir
sti
nth
efi
eld
wit
hth
ean
swe
rto
the
Am e n c a n
Y
out
h's
que
sti
ono
f"H
ow
spendingafortune?"
c
anI
bec
ome
atr
ans
por
tpi
lotwithout
−

I
nve
sti
gat
eth
ene
wEd
gew
ate
rpl
anw
her
eby
Edg
ewa
ter
als
oop
era
tes
its
own
Air
Uni
ver
-
h
our
sin
the
air
ina
rea
lai
rpl
ane
,no
tan
sit
y，w
her
eco
mpl
ete
avi
afi
ont
rai
nin
g（a
t
u
N
B
-n
8
wd
i
t
he
f
ir
v
e
-p
c
yo
l
i
nw
d
ee
r
r
ar
d
ie
a
l
ed
n
NP
o
B
-
8w
iw
e
t
h
fi
vr
n
e
-
cy
l"
]
i
n
de
r!
^
r
a
di
aw
i
l
e
ng
it
^
n
e
*,
fW
^
o
l
d^
-t,
ofc
our
se)
,ma
ybe
had
.
i
ngw
ing
s,T
own
end
rin
g,a
irw
hee
lsa
ndE
dge
wat
ero
per
at
modernineveryrespect,maybehadfor
e
sop
enc
ock
pitandcabin
$
4.5
0pe
rho
urs
olo
and
$7.
50p
erh
our
dua
l p
lan
es*
,on
whi
cht
ime
may
beb
oughtforthe
instruction. p
ric
eof
act
ual
ope
rat
ion
cos
t.
−
−

車88〃.P・
'Robins,Great Zα脆e8α”αC九α〃e""e汚・

F
lig
hto
per
ati
ons
and
clu
bro
oms
ont
heM
uni
cip
alA
irp
ort
,Ch
ica
go.
C
onv
eni
ent
and
com
for
tab
led
own
tow
ncl
ass
roo
ms,
lab
ora
tor
ies
and
clu
bro
oms
.
Dayandeveningclasses.
J
oin
now
and
rea
liz
eth
ata
mbi
tio
nto
bea
pil
ot.
A
cZi
"em
em6
ers
肺（f
ull
poi
mgr
ig"
sCo
n“c
t-(
IC瓦
，“e
Zan
oZh
e『ぬ
ygo
63−
β〃o
ut
and加lerestinclu6assets)onlリ【hecouponheloivandmαﾊeastα”toivar〃α
＄100.00．Convenientterms.career加巡〃哩T/O/V-;-..-.;.......．‐:．
"AskAnyMem6er"J"記謹瓶歪闘話龍君LUB… ‐
EDGEWATERFLYING…｡…座､｡s…
Dept.A.X.

Chicag:o,minoiB．

C
LUB
,In
c. ：With"､cost｡”obligation-plea§￨etenmemo図eabout
y
our
mem
b…P
pla
nsa
nds
pec
ial
fl￨
lng
rat
esa
ndi
nst
ruc
tio
n.
(Not-For.Profit)Name….,.….………….….＃…..Age….……
357NorthLaSalleStreet Add………………….……,.……….…….…
CHICAGO,ILL. ，圃峨………………………State…………．
F■ーーーー一一一一一一

NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
P
age
Fif
ty-
two

ｿU.S.ARMY
CURTISSHAWK

弓一ヨー
:＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
−
−
戸 一
＝三三三 一

雲素蒸産二 伽

一一
−
一
一

一
鱈
FLIESONITS

C
omp
let
eKi
tW鉦
hAl
lMa
ter
ial
san
dDi
rec
tio
ns
⑪WNPOWBBI
"e＃たe〃”＃《偽yo鴬r
neighborhoodtom侭膨6
娩勿〃．＆4fw1〃n回“A
Absol虻elvFREEtoSu6scriberstothe 型⑥daZ．

NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

綴
灘
 FORJUNE,193
P
age
Fif
ty-
thr
ee

C
eil
ing
Pro
jec
tor
D
ete
rmine
sHe
igh
t◎ fClouds
A蕊灘灘瀧
announcedrecentlybytheWestinghouse
ElectricandManufacturingCompany,
EdgewaterPark,Cleveland,Ohio.This
lightingunithasanarrowbeamanda
higiibeamcandlepower,andhasadefinite
visiblesportrangeofhalfamileor

Todeterminetheceiling-heightitis
【;iecessaryonlytofocusthelightbeam
fromtheprojectoruponthecloudsand
losight,throughaninstrumentcalled
thealidade,thelightspotthusthrown
ontheclouds.Thealidadeconsistsof
telescopicsightmountedonaprotractor;
whentheprojectorandthealidadeare
orientedcorrectlywithrespecttoeach
otherandwhentheprojectorissetata
givenangle,thepointeronthetelescopic
sightofthealidadegivesdirectlythealti-
tudeoftheceiling,theprotractorbeing
markedinfeetratherthandegrees.
Theopticalsystememployedinthe
projectorproducesaphenomenalbeam
intensityof1,840,000candlepowerwith
450wattsinputtotheautotransformer.
whichisbuiltaspartoftheunit.The
beamdivergenceis3degrees,42min-
utes,whichgivesaspotlessthan65feet
indiameterat1000feet･Theappear-
anceofthebeamwhenprojectedupwards
isthatofaperfectpenciloflight,con-
sequently,quiteaccuratereadingsofceil-
ingheightsarepossible.Theerrorat
1000feetislessthanninefeet(sineof
theangleofdivergencediameterofspot
x2).
Theprimaryreflectorisofglass,16
inchesindiameter.Itisparaboloidal
inform,anditscurvatureiscorrectedfor
a7.5mm.lightsource,theapproximate
dimensionofthefilamentofthe35am-
pere,12voltairplaneheadlightlampfor
whichtheunitisarranged.Asmallsec-
ondaryglassreflector,precisionground
andpolished,isplacedinfrontofthe
lamp・Thissmallreflectorservesadouble
purpose-ittakestheplaceoftheusuai
louvreforeliminatingalldirectraysfrom sights,liningupwithcrossmarkerson
thelamp,andincreasesthebeamlumens theinsideofthedrum,areused.A
oftheunit45percent,asshownbyphoto- quadrantandalockinghandlearepro-
metrictests. videdatthesideofthedrumforcon-
Theceilingprojectorconsistsofadrum- trolling,beamelevation.Thebowmay
typebodyandring-typedoorofcastsili- berotated360inazimuth.
conahmiinumalloy,mountedinasteel Theunitmaybeconnectedtoeither
bow・Thebowismounteddirectlyonthe 115or230voltlines.Theautotrans-
transformercasetowhichisboltedthe former,whichsuppliesthelampwith35
haseoradapter;thetransformercaseand amperesat12volts,hasamultiplicityof
thebaseareofcastironandarehotgal- tapstocompensateforallordinaryline
vanized.Fulladjustmentisprovidedon drop,anddrawsonly450wattsfromthe
thesocketforfocusing,forwhichpeep line.
 NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
P
age
Fif
ty-
fou
r

■AT■⑪NTRA■団■NG-
ニー鷹工、

弓 一 一 討 馬 一 一

弧9
Westbr⑪⑪
ご"p⑪日･胸 芯⑭"。

Tﾊβル""必γookS加γ応ｵerPhotogγαphedatRoosezﾉg"F"IdatTimeofitsRelurnFrom
aTwoThousand1痕JeCross-Cox"伽yFligﾙｵ．

MAYNOWLEARNAVIATIONWHEREAIRPLANESAREBUILT

T駕聴窯野総鯛職謡駕寵 p競測鰍撫灘雛淵i灘
T〕
poo
rr
tt
ul
mm
tit
yv
tt
oo
lla
eer
an
r−
n- eludedtoallwhoqualify.Wehaveou
AERONAUTICALENGINEERING
ENGINEMECHANICS WEEMPLOYONLY−
AIRPLANEBU皿』D耐G
α皿aAVIATION
WESTBROOKTRAINED
MEN
『
und
ert
hep
ers
ona
lsu
per
vis
ion
ofN
eil
W.
P
erd
ew,
B.S
c.,
A.E
.,d
esi
gne
rof
the
Wes
tbr
ook
S
por
tst
er. IF殿諦i這職淵淵捜謡鱒
Mr.PerdewwasformerlywiththeFokkerAir- t
ala
ndp
hys
ica
lfa
cul
tie
swi
tht
hei
dea
ofm
aki
ng
c
raf
tCo
rpo
rat
ion
sup
erv
isi
ngd
eve
lop
men
tan
d asuccessinaviation-hereisyourchance-your
research. onebigchance.
CarrollH.Matson,B.Sc,alsoformerlywith Duetothecostsintime,materials,salaries.
F
okk
er.
and
J.K
.Mc
Afe
e,M
.E.
.to
get
her
wit
h equi
pment,too
ls,machin
ery,etc.,w
earerequi
redto
o
the
rWe
stb
roo
kex
ecu
tiv
esw
ill
giv
eyo
upe
rso
nal chargeanominaltrainingfeewhichmayeasilybe
a
廿te
nti
ona
ndh
elp
inl
ear
nin
gAz
ﾉﾉα
〃on
asi
tca
n adjustedtosuityourpocketbookoryourincome.

↓
OURFACTORYISWORKINGDAYANDNIGHT
o
nly
bea
cqu
ire
dby
the
pri
nci
ple
san
dpr
act
ice
of MAKINGITPOSSIBLEFORYOUTOADJUST
f
act
ory
met
hod
s. YOURTIMETOOURREQUIREMENTS.
ｰ
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■画■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■画
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■■■
■童■
■■■
■B■
■■■
■■ロ
ロ画画
、二
一
■
■
〃
■
Y
■
■■
o
画
■■
狸
■
■
A
■
r
■
画■
e
■
■
Ⅳ
■
“
■
■■
α
■
■
C
■
邸
■
■■
r
■
■
i
■
o
面
■■
s
■
■
沈
■
y
■
■■
S
■
■
e
庫
e
■
■■
k
■
■
e
■
r
■
■■
S
■
■
e
■
m
■
■画
‘
■
■■
I
■
■
T
■
賊
画
■■
S
画
一
C
q
O
■
■■
皿
■
■
P
■
o
■
可■
r
■
■
2
■
A
■
■画
Z
■
■
O
■
7
■
■■
z
画
画
c
■
e
■
■■
一
■
■
一
■■
一
WeInviteYoutoVisit
OurFactoryat
WestbrookAeronauticalCorporation 142-146WEST24thST
144West24thStreet
Date….,……….….….…………………_ inNEWYORKCITY.
NewYorkCity,N.Y.
Gentlemen: YouMaySeetheShipat
I
des
ire
toe
nte
ryo
ura
irp
lan
efa
cto
rya
ndr
ece
ive
tra
ini
n貫珪
一 RooseveltField,Mineola,

I
Air
pla
ﾘ…d
Eng
ine
M…n
ic…
d…n
gof
Air
pla
nes （ch“た（′）tra伽加〃aesired)
L、1．,N.Y.
ATrialFlightorRideWill

｛
竿｡
na
ut
ic
al
En
gi
…n
§ BeArrangedforQualify-
ingApplicants.
Name…．….……………….…..….…………………..……….………….……………...Age………一 Our･SalesandDealerPlan
Stre
et&No.
..….….
……………
……….．C
ity….…
.…….…
.……..…
..……St
ate…..
..….､
二皇一 IsReady−−WriteforDe-
tails.
PresentOccupation…………….…...….…,……….……...………………………….…….….……….‐
ThisCouponObligatesYouinNoWay−SendAtOnce!
 FORJUNE.193
P
age
Fif
ty-
fiv
e

ASKyoURQUESTIONS
ALLQUESTIONSRELATIVETOGLIDERSANDAVIATIONANSWEREDONTHISPAGE

Q-1Howshouldanair-cooledenginebe solderedatthejointsandseams. stabilization,therefore,whentheair-

inst
alled
inafus
elage？ Aslargerfueltanksbecameneces- planeijanksatover15thecom-
A-1Anair-cooledengineshouldbe sary
,lighter
material
sweresou
ght. p
ass
'ef
fec
tiv
ene
ssi
ste
mpo
rar
ily
ini
-
placedinthefuselageinsuchaman-
Duraluminhasbeensuccessfully p
air
ed.
nerthattherewillbeapositivecir-
-employedinfueltanksbythema-
jorityofoutstandingairpianecom- 3−Thisquestionisa11sweredinanswer
culationofairaroundthecyhnder- No.2．，
panics.Throughthelatterdiscov-
headsandaportionofthecylinders
eryofanewplating-process,itis
allofthetimethattheengineis
nowpossibletosolderthematerial 4−The‘､lubberline"isaiixedlineon
inoperation. thecompassbowlandisusedasa
insteadofweldingit.
Q-2Arebrakesusedonallairplane siglitforcompasscardreadings
Iandingwheels？ Q-6WherecanIprocureinformation w
hic
hin
dic
ate
sth
edi
rec
tio
npl
ane
is
onthedesignandconstructionof h
ead
ing
、
A-2No.Unfortunately,brakesarenot metalpropellers？
beingusedonallairplanewheels
5−Themagneticcompassalldtheearth
A-6TheNavyDepartment,Bureauof inductorcompassaresimilaronly
asyet・Brakesonairplaneland-
ingwheelsareusedforthesamこ
《Aeronautics,inTechnicalNoteNo. inthefactthatbothusetheearth's
161,haspublishedtheinformation magneticfieldasadirectionalbase.
purposeasbrakesareonautomo-
yourequireinitsusualthorough otherwisetheyaredissimilar.
biles・Someoftheplanesusing
manller・Thispaperwasprepared
brakesaretheBuhl,Verville,Stin-
byLt.Col.W.A.Bristowandcan 6−Theindib:atoroftheearthinductor
son,Travelaire,Ford,Fokker,Bel- compassiselectricallyconnectedwith
lanca,andothersofsimilartype
beprocureduponwrittenapplies-
tiontotheNavyDepartment, thebrushesofthegenerator.
andpricerange.Thebrakesshorten
BureauofAeronautics,atWash- /^Theoufslandingadvantageofthe
thelengthofrollconsiderablywhen
landing.Theyareagreataidin
ington,D.C,specifyingthenum- earthinductorcompassisthedisas-
beroftheTechnicalPaper, s
oci
ati
ono
fth
edi
rec
tio
nre
spo
nsi
ve
taxiinginhighwindsandentirely
eliminatetheuseofchocksunder Q-7WhatismeantbytheStandard clement(Generator)andthedirec-
thewheelswhilewarmingup,at ControlSystemsandhowmany tion
indicatingun
it(Galvanom
eter).
thesametime,eliminatingthedan- StandardControlSystemsarebeing 8−TheheartoftheturnindiLatoristhe
gerincurredwhenremovingthe used？
a
ir-
dri
ven
gyr
osc
ope
.
chocksfromunderthepropeller
thatiswhirling. A-7ThereareonlytwoSystemsof 9−Abankindicatorissimplyasteei
controlsusedtoday.Oneknown ballrollinginaglasstubeofliquid.
Q-3Definethetermfloat. astheDep.,whichistheabbrcvia-
A-3AccordingtoPagざsModernAir-
tionforDepardussin,themanwho lO−Thetubethatformspartoftheair
inventedthisparticularsystemand speedindicatoriscalledthePitot-
craft,afloatisacompletelyen- statictube,whichconsistsoftwo
closedwater-tightstructureat- thesimplestickcontrol・TheDep.
tachedtoanaircraftinorderto
Systemofcontrolconsistsofa separatetubeswhichconnectthe
giveitbuoyancyandstabilitywhen
hand-wheelmountedonacontrol P
ito
t-s
tat
ict
ube
loc
ate
d,i
isn
all
y,o
n
bridge・Therelationsoftheparts thewingtotiieinstrument.
incontactwiththesurfaceofthe
beingsuchthatthecontrolwheel
water.Infloatseaplanesthecrew
maybeoscillatedatthesametime
iscarriedinafuselageornacelle
separatefromthefloat.Theterm thatthecontrolbridgeispushed
"pontoon"isnowobsolete. backandforth,asdesiredbythe
pilot・TheStickControlSystemis SA皿PLANERECORDSET
Q-4Whatisthehorsepowerofthe theonewhichiscommonlyseen MUNICH,Bavaria-PilotGroenho狂ot
Packardaircraftengine？ onallairplanes.TheDepwheel
control,itmightbeinteresting-to theRhoenRossittenGliderFlyingSoci-
A-4Twoengineshaverecentlybeende- know,atthistimeisusedonlyon ctysetanewsailplanemarkwhenhe
velopedbythePackardMotorCnr theheavymachine.TheStickCon- flewhismotorlessmachinefromhereto
Companyforaircraftservice.They trolbeingusedonallsmalland Kaaden,Czecho-Slovakia,adistanceoi
arerelativelyof500H.P.and800 medium-sizedplanes.
H.P・each. 165miles.Thepreviousmarkwas101
miles,heldIn-RobertKronfeld.
Q-5What-wasusedforfueltanksbe- ANSWERSTOLASTMONTH'S
forethegeneraluseofDuralumin？ TESTQUESTIONS
A-5Lightgaugetincopperwaslargely 1-Themagneticcompassmustbecom-
employedforfueltankswhenplanes pensatedevcrytimechangesaremade MRS.BEVBNSBREAKS
.KSWOMEN'S
werefirstbuilt.Itisinteresting inmotors,fueltanksorothermetal GLIDERREC O R D
fonotethatevenbrassandturne- partsoftheairplaneonw-hichitis
platewerealsoused・Despitetheir mounted. ItisinterestingtonotethatMrs．O'Key
weight,thereasonforusingthese
materialswasthatatthatparticular 2−Themagneticcompassdependson Bevinssoaredforfiftythreeminutesat
■

period,tankswereofsmallcapacity theearth'smagneticfieldforitsdi- Warwick,,'N.Y.onherfirstattempt.

andthereforecouldbeeasily rectiveeffectandupongravityforits breakingwomen'sglidere
en
nd
du
ur
ra
an
nc
ce
er
rec
eo
cr
oq
r．.
d
 NATIONALGLIDERANDA1RPL帥帳NEWS
P
age
Fif
ty-
six

AVIATIONBOOSTERS
一
■ − ’ 三 帝 寺 Q

‘獣．』雪声。

OF
駒 AMERICA
，謹i

CONDUCTEDBYRICHARDCLANCY
一

閏,垂． Bytheway,don'tforgettogetyour
pictu
resinear
lyasothe
rwiseIwon
'tbe
R正面ardClancy abletoputthemintothecolumn.How
ChiefBoos蛇γ aboutsomeofyoufellowswhonow
havetheirsweateremblems？Sendin
yourpicturesandlettherest.ofour
membersseewhatyoulooklike.

Ⅱ蕊熱灘瀧雷
youngAmericanstheyare.Andwere
Keeponpoundingatyourfriendsand
impressuponthemhowmuchbetterthey
canworkontheirmodelsiftheywork
withotherboysinterestedinthesame
theyenthusiasticmodelbuilders？’,ll work.Exchangesofideasalwayshelp
saytheywere・Oneofthembroughtin andwheneveryouarestuckyouareal-
a60-inchscalemodelofaBoeing,com-
waysatlibertytosendinyourqueries
pletewithlightsmadeofmetal,and1 tomydesk.Therearelotsofcompe-
haveneverseenaprettierpieceofwork. titionsabouttobeheldinthegreatout-
HowmanyofyoUgottotheShow？ doorsandlotsofprizestoshootat.Re-
Ifyoudidn'tgo,youmissedatreat. member,youarenotaskingthemfor
That'sonepartofthecountrywhich
ＩいいＭ１職

money.Remindthemthatnoduesare
．”側錘蹄一

knowsoftheAviationBoostersofAmer-
exactedbyus.Wearedoingapioneer
ica・IfIcanarrangetotaketripsto
workinhelpingtheyouthofthecoun-
otherpartsofthecountry,liketheonn trytogetair-minded・Modelbuilding
toDetroit,Iamconvincedthatourmem- isafascinatingsportwhichappealsonly
bershipwouldreach100,000innotime. totheboywithbrains.
Here'shopingIcanarrangeitsometime
︾”一

Here'salistofnewchaptersformed
sinceApril: T 器,呉蝋h望柵｡蝿t跳益
oftheclubmembers.JackHarris,Jr..
RooseveltChapter,Brooklyn,N.Y. Vouknow,I'vetoldyoubefore,that broketheworld'sindoorgliderrecord
LafayetteChapter,Brooklyn,N.Y. youhavetodoyourshare.Whatdo whenhisgliderstayedaloftforthewon
vousay？ derfultimeofnineteenseconds.TheDe-
GrenadaChapter,Brooklyn,N.Y. Bytheway,KennethCook,of3353 wittC1ubhasovereightymembers.
SouthernGliderClub,NewOrleans,La. NorthFourthStreet,Milwaukee,Wiscon-
LongIslandAirplaneLeague,Long
sin,wantstostartachapterandhas Detroit,Michigan
askedmetoinviteanyofourmembers
Island,N.Y.
inhisdistricttogetintouchwithhim.
AstoriaChapter,Queens,L.L,N.Y. Heisaseniorinhighschoolandhas J
AME
S鮭黒
誓,o
f^M
ic謡
卿赫
PurcellChapter,Brooklyn,N.Y. beeninstructingmodelairplaneclasses. thepicturesentmeitsureisagood
Hehasreceivedpermissiontousea lookingmodel.PilotJackO'Mearaauto-
ChiefBoosterClancyChapter,Brook- largeclubroomduringthesummer graphedthephotosasagreed.
lyn,N.Y. months.Milwaukeeboostersshouldget Wordhasjustbeenreceivedthatthe
RickenbackerChapter,Brooklyn,N.Y. busyandcontactwithKennethasIbe- rulesandregulationsforthenex、
lieveheiscapableofrunningaveryac- A.M.L.A.NationalMeetwillbethesame
WarwickModelClub,Warwick,N.Y. tivechapter. asthoseoflastyear・Intheoutdoor
AmericanAirplane&GliderClub, Aboveisapictureofhimwithhis contest,therewillbenowingloading
NewYork. VoughtCorsairmodel.Theotherpic- butpossiblytheareaofthewingwil
turesshowHarryHanson'sFordTri- belimited.
motormodelfromRuthven,Iowa,anda
A路監n膳｡柵宅liderC髄誰 photographofoneofourJuniormem- Ihavemadearrangementswherebyour
luniorChapters.Anvofourmembersin bers,HarryBarrett,ofSuffern,New clubmembersareentitledto10%dis-
thesedistrictscanjoinbywritingtome York. countontheirpurchasesfromsomeol
forfullparticularsofthevariouschapters NowIamgoingtoletyouinona themodelsupplシhousesthroughoutthe
Howaboutmorechapters？Getbusy 1ittlesecret-ourEditoriscontemplating country.This,initself,isquitesome
members．Don'twasteyourtimeby puttinginarotogravuresection,withpic- saving.WritetomeandIwilltellyou
writingmehowproudyouaretobea turesoffamouspilotsandthelatestair- allaboutit・Otherdealsforthebeneli、
member.Itwouldbemuchbetterifyon planes,ashebelievesthatourreaders ofourmembersareintheoffin9.Keei
wouldgetyourfriendstogetherandsenこ wouldliketocollectthemfortheiralbums. inclosetouchwithheadquarters-a､：
inforyourcharter.Thisistheonly ThisisquiteanideaandI,forone,think do､，tforget−doyourshareinthebuild
waywecanincreaseourmembershii: itanexcellentone・VVhatdoyouthink？ ingupofourorganization.
 FORJUNE,193
P
age
Frf
ty-
sev
en
ー

MODELBUILDERS
DEALERS
Requirethe
INCREASEYOUR
BESTMATERIAL SALESINTHE
MODELAIRPLANE
A
IRS
E竃M
SA DEPARTMENT
ifyoucompeteforthe
TRYOURBIG
WAKEFIELDCUP ＄
25．
ANDASSURESUCCESS ASSORTMENT
恋︾綱綱綱

膨罪麺麺麺麺麺麺
ＴＴ−〃〃〃〃〃〃

唖皿恥伽や恥恥伽

CONTAmⅦNGAIn』POPULAR
唖睡睡睡睡唾唖

ｓ６５６６４３
麺︲１，０，．

錘誕工・・・・
Ｅ巧坊鎚釦叩顕
醗

SIZES

11
皿唖唖趣趣麺
ｅｅｅｅｅｅ

誇噌妻灘謹鱗灘ロIロ……tedo唾…… 1
。 variousGradesonrequest.
Write/orFreeBooklet⑧肥砿⑥delCon8true域⑥”

T
heF
lei
sch
man
nTr
ans
por
tat
ion
Com
pan
y
BalsaWoodDivision ●

595MadisonAvenue NewYorkCity,N､Y.
一 二 − q

LEARNTOFLYfor50cto$2A LESSON
瀞語馬耕淵EE：爵醗o鯉灘gUPTOSOL0 $50.
METHODAPPROVEDBY

NationalAviationClubs
−GREATESTCHANCEYOUEVERHADTOIEARNFLYmG 一

ThenewSOLOSYSTEMrevolutionizesFLYINGINSTRUCTION.Beforegg o i
oingintot
th
heeairyou
1earnthebasicelements-Steering,useofstickandrudderbar，coordinationofc
com
ontrols,theFEELof
theplaneinmotion-TaxiacrossthefieldwithtailupinHyingpositionreadyffortheTAKE−OFF−
o1
ALLWITHOUTDANGER.

COMPLETE LEARNTOFLY
PRIVATEPILOT'S Thisistheflyingseason.CometoNewYork THESOLOWAY
COURSE atonce.Don'tdelay.OurPersonnelBureau at
ATLOWESTPRICE GLENNCURTISS
EVEROFFERED willarrangecomfortableaccommodationsat
AIRPORT
reasonableratesandassistyoutofindpart-time NORTHBEACH,
PAYASYOULEARN employmentifdesired. N.Y.

．．、肱α〃thisCouponTo-DayforFreeFlyingLesson...
■■■■車一再■■■■■■■画■■■■庫画■■■■画■■■■■■■■■■軍画■■画唾■■■口車■■■■■■画■■画■■画画国軍■■■■ロ■■■■画画■■■■■■画■■車■■画画■■■■画■■■ロ■■■■■■■■ロ画ロ■画■■■■■■■■画■■車■■垂■■画■■■■■■号

SOLOS叉S亜EnXO刀正江4YXⅣGINS聾配IJCTIOX,
1780BUOADWAY,NEWYDnK，蕊．叉．

KindlysendmeaPASSforarnEETRIALPLYINGLESSONandallinformationconcerningyourmethodof(lyiiiK
instruCtion･
l
l
Naxne．．．．．．．．．．．。．．・・．．・・．・・・．．・・・．・・・．．．．．．．．．．．．。．．.Age．・・・・・・・．．．。・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・･IF・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・．
Address.．．．．．．．．．．．．．‘．．．．．．．．．．．…．．．．．．．．，．．．．．．．．、City．．．．．．．．，．．．．．．・・・・・・・．・・・State．．．・・・．．．．．．．．．．

一 ＝ −
−

A
not
her
Cle
vel
and
Ach
iev
eme
nt!
ACo
mpl
ete
Kit
oft
heR
ema
rka
ble
Pla
neP
ilo
ted
by ー

"TheREDKNIGHTof GERMANY" BARO鼠 MANFREDvonRICHTHOFEN'SOWN

FOKKER
TRIPLANE
Anunusuallybeautifulmodeloftheplanemostfearedby
Allie
dpilots-fe
ared，forati
tscontrols
satGermany'
smost
麺亜ciousairman-theidolofhisnation.ThisCleveland-
D
esi
gne
d^4
"sc
ale
bri
lli
ant
all
-re
dTr
ipl
ane
wit
hit
s17
%"
s
pan,1
4-％''
leng
th,
and6
-苑〃he
ight,
isc
olo
redju
stlik
eits
fam
ouspr
ototy
pewit
hafew
black
detai
lswhi
chdef
tlyse
t
itoff.IthastwinSpandauguns,movableailerons,a
c
omp
lic
ate
dfu
sel
age
des
ign
whi
chw
eha
ves
imp
lif
ied
(ev
en
f 蹄隅bs§珊捌iIﾖ'磯鯛離Ma縄謝謹
mond"balsawood,rubber,paper,coloreddopes,cements,
4’“〃αeveland'8幻αce-settingge冗如s鈍”“t伽〃α“"en㎡cflv雌〃moae酌 s
ay､
not
hin
gof
the
ful
l-s
ize
,co
mpl
ete
lyd
eta
ile
ddr
awi
ngs
o/theたa
rd-to-get
famousplan
es,bringsm
odele祁娩秘8
i“妬α
他鈍i〃一”be虎γ8t一”be“memoｱe8化""Z加odeIb泌禰“柘一”んα秒e
卸”んero
ppor‐ 謡認t謡i畷mも懸鳴艶擬completely畿麓｡:翻蝋
“、“ん伽,ク･ealtoshowJor.誕加eande加r･＄秘8“， orders,25cextra).

HeadYourWarLinewithCol．E・V. "Eddie"RICKENBACKER'SSPADXIII
Mostprizedwarmodelof
NIEUPORTSCOUT allisthis調〃Cleveland
F LDesignedmodelofthe
L.ve damifl ownby practi callya ll
． 、 野
planethatwasconcededto
betheaceoftheA11ie8錘1，
q■

』・1−唖
Alliedpilots.TliecloverlittleCleve-
land-Designedmodelhasaspanof 悪 馳斗9錨｡潤確･黙
tailBurfaceg，greenfuge-
20･隅〃and13"length;brilliantyel-
1owwinpsandtail;blackfuselage 1age；wmgcircle8，Btarsfor
■

vdetailed・
and8trutg、Completely ･xnaC
chmeguns
S，
･etc.；
：エ
fuu
n‐ thewheels,andHat-in-the-
sizedrawings,easy-to-understandinstructionsandeverything Ring:insig:nia.Kitincludes
ウ

elseneedeci・OrderKitCB-4･only$4.postfree．(Foreign Cleveland'scopyrightedfullsizedetaileddrawings,easy-to
口も

orderg‘25ceXtra)． ユョ･
under8tandingtructiOhB-eu”"蛾加〃ノOrderKitCB−2・omy
１

割
琴︼．、職

S4．postfree．（刀o】､eignorders.25cextra).
碑置篭

FOKKERD-7BIPLANE(German.19181 篭 ALBATROSS
ID
SD
--
33
{(
GG
ee
rr
mm
aa
nn
..
11
99
17)
画idmamed側1eG”mfm“SPad,､、唖hl
NicknamedtheGerman"Spad"、田hQ
TheprideoftheGerman"野】yingCir‐
震
"hell-diver"ofitstime・田hi8C1ev今
cub"．瓦ealisticallyduplicatedin land-Designedmodelisbeautifullj
Cleveland-Designed22"span,16-%"
lengthmodel･Darkgreenwingsand L ．’■
streamlinedliketheoriginal,witha
spanof22".and18-J4"length.
tailsurfaces,orangefuselageand Orangewings;lightbluefuselage.
8truts,MalteseCrosses,copyrighted 繕
tailandstruts.Completewithfull
full-sizedetaileddrawings,easy-to- sizedrawings,easy-to-understandIn-
皿mdcrstandinstructions,andevery- in gg
!1
OO
r der KitCB-5，only84.pog8-
C“・配fc化e7zbac施e7． structions-and everyt
1hi
1，賃n rd er
thmgneeded-inC1udedinkit･OrderKitCB−3，only＄生・ free．（Foreign orderB、25ceXtra
postfree．(Foreignorders，25cextra). America'sAceofAces

TwoNewImmenseClevelandOi･ig加ations
CLEVELANDROBINFL-201 "
KnewN
obody
ElseB
utCle
velan
dWoul
d
餓 職i認蝋蹄:噌脇ete謡需,珊篭綴鷲､淵「
且y−boy0ohboy!m1egciGnceembodiedmitgde8ignas‐1
Ha
veAny
thing
+◎○仔e
rLike
This"
撚灘鏡胤‘瀞羅撰撚撚:蕊瀞韓｜
Gentlemen：
エsawyourApriladvertisementandthewonderful

鮮灘#‘瀞蕪瀧熱瀞i織盤蕊鞘I l
i
n
e
of
W
o
rl
d
W
a
rt
i
m
el
i
g
h
ti
n
g
pl
a
n
e
st
h
e
be
s
t
l
in
e
o
fm
o
d
e
lp
l
a
ne
s
a
n
yo
n
e
ma
y
w
a
nt
o
u
ha
v
e
t
o
copyrightedfull-sizedrawings,andeverythingneeded・Order
唾t”201．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．・・．．．．．．．．．，．・・・．．． ONLY$2.20postfree, o
H
e
r
･エ
w
i
sh
t
O
B
麺t
h
a
th
e
C
1e
v
e
lI
m
d
l
in
e
i
yo
u
h
a
ve
t
h
ep
l
a
ne
b
u
i
lt
,
y
ou
k
n
o
wh
a
tk
i
n
do
f
b
y
fax・thebestlmeofmodelplanesanyonemaywant

t
o
b
m
l
d
・
N
n
y
i
g
h
e
c
s
r
u
a
p
t
o
d
b
e
h
E
v
r
y
i
n
g
s
c
a
w
u
t
o
p
l
e
h
y
k
s
a
m
i
r
n
b
g
o
t
e
w
h
y
c
f
s
d
l
k
8
i
m
p
ea
n
y
u
d
r
s
t
o
w
k
g
i
1
h
a
c
m
e
且
t
.
s
p
o
i
b
l
a
k
n
y
r
m
e
t
h
c
s
u
i
o
f
d
l
.
B
W
e
n
I
a
w
t
h
r
m
g
z
i
k
e
n
a
w
y
t
ho
b
d
l
s
u
C
v
a
e
n
y
-
エ
t
h
i
g
o
f
r
l
k
s
,
d
a
e
n
I
m
u
w
i
t
g
h
l
r
,
d
c
o
s
n
a
m
e
y
t
f
h
l
w
i
g
:
1
k
C
B
-
"
o
e
n
F
t
r
m
yd
(ZW．eわれo『｡”8，25c“かα）
CLEVELANDSIRIUSFL-202
AnothernewCleveland-Designedprofilefuselagemodelthat
willbethesummerflyingsensation･Forbeautyand五ne
nymgqualitieB-it，sahoney1makeso丘andlandsasthough
conU-olledbyahumanpilot,andrarely,ifever,nosesover.
Landsatagoodspeed,itstwowheelsrollingontheground
forquiteadistance,andthe,tailskiddoesnottouchthe
grounduntilthemodelhasalmostcometoadeadstop.
謡溌f欝迩乳g淵:漁'識懸8曲鍔瀦曾柵溌懲
農職制wingsand^蹄鰐f轍溌職elsebl蝋ONLY$2.20postfree.
Exceptionalvalue・Completewithcopyrightedfullsize

1
"
C
B
-
2
"
E
i
c
k
e
n
b
a
c
ke
r
'
S
p
a
d
'
‘
B
o
e
m
g
ni
h
t
e
r
1
"
C
B
-
3
"
F
o
ke
r
D
-
7
"
‘
O
B
･
2
‘
R
i
dK
e
n
b
a
G
k
e
1
"
C
B
-
4
"
N
ie
u
p
o
r
t
S
c
o
u
t
"
‘
C
B
−3
“
F
o
k
e
r
D
-
7
”
1
*
C
B
-5
"
A
l
b
a
t
r
o
s
D
-
3
"
−
4“
N
i
e
u
P
o
r
t
S
C
O
U
t
”
．・
．
4
．
0
並r
d轟w
ai
wn
ig
ns
gs,
,ande
ev
ve
er
ry
yt
th
hii
nn
ggne
neee
dd
ee
dd
・・
OO
rdr
ed
rer玉
唾tXi
江t
』m
･｡
2･
02
2．0
．2 ．．．(.Fo把われorders,25cextra)
．．．

峯洲総搬珊拙：蕊難灘灘騨灘
mondEngineeredsupplies．(InsertsfornewWarLineandlatermodelsmailedlatertoall
1“CB−50‘A1batroBBD-3'0．．．．…。．．、4．00

Yourstruly．
−

S20．00

catalogholders,butkeepthispageastherewillbenosheetsforashorttime)．Beup-to-date- (Signed)GEORGEW．DｪEFENDEREvER
getthisgreatNotebookCatalog・Send25catonce,andwe'llrushyourcopytoyou．(No rullerton・Penna．
freecopies).
NOTICE:ThesaleofdrawingsforallCleveland-Designedmodelshasbeendiscontinued.
AllSE(outline)drawingsnow10ceach,orSI.00perdoz．(24kinds). 一 一 一

亜⑪、ELBUXLDEnS8−VVriteandteuugwhnt4s雁ro郡7.zeadingStorefort he
seando
ther｡α
evelan
d-Des
ignedM
ひdeI8-
が蛾e〃ね
α"“’
蛾e7孔〃雄ere'sanⅣ．』・皿・画・りんαp“〆伽〃0浬γ”tD72，”｡
xnodelgyoUWoⅧ1dlilKeto80e"Cleveland-Designed"!ootthe抑pOraej｡αかe“・』S花

CLEVELANDMODELANDSUPPLYCOMPANY
Cleveland,Ohio.U．S、A,
I866GWest57thSt.. M
ode
lAi
rcr
atE
ngi
nee
rsS
inc
e19
19
"
α…d
Blu
eD伽
･卿｡
"一s
”!｡
'H･
剛"'
Q"恥
●Re
aso
nab
leP
ric
ean
dI…
dia
teS
erv
ice
FORJUNE.193
MODEL
AIRCRAFTERS
DEPARTMENT −
ByTHOMASLBULGER
E
dit
oro
fMo
del
Air
cra
fte
rsD
HowtoBuildtheTexaco13TravelAir
戸扉、HEflyingscalemodelofthefa-
nioustravelairMysteryShip
− − −
abouttohedescrihcdisnamed
the"Texaco13"andisaflying
scalemodeloftheairplaneflownbyCap-
tainHawks,America'sspeedpilot
Thismodelwasdrawnespeciallyforthis
magazineduetothethousandsofre-
questsforthistypeofmodelfromour
manyreaders・Althoughthedrawingde-
scribesaHyingscalemodelofthisship
itwillbequitesimpleforthenon-flying
scalemodelbuilderstousetheoutside
dimensionsfortheconstructionofanon-
flyingscalemodeliftheysodesire.Well!
let'scleartheworkbenchandgetgoing
fellows.
Fuselage
TS概詩鮒t職職隠繍
materials・thepieceof1/16"x6"x36"
balsawoodsheetofveneerandfromthis
materialcutoutthenecessaryformersas
showninthedrawingsfigs.1and5.
Whenthesehavebeencompletedlay
themoutintheirrespectiveplacesfrom
formerNo.2toformerNo.7,usingthe
3/32"squarebalsaforupper,lowerand
ingshouldbeheldinitscorrectposition
sidelongerons.Theselongeronsareal!
fastenedtotheformerswithambroid betweentheformers4and5,smallmode
mode]cement,afterwhichyoumaycut makerspinsareveryusefulinholding
cowlinginplacewhiletheambroidis inthedrawingfig.No.6andwhencom-
tothecorrectsizethe1/16"squarebam-
boofuselagestringers.Whenthismuch drying・Tiiefuselagecannowbelaidto whentheyarethoroughlydrythese
hasbeenaccomplishedandallowedto o
dry,thetailblockasshowninfigs・Nos.
2and6shouldbecut,sand-papered,and
fastenedtightlyintoplace.Theengine
cowlingconsistingofformersf,gand
No.1asshowninfigs.1and5should
nowbecuttoshapeandassembledtak-
ingparticularnoticethattherearesix
formers"f"・Thealuminumtubingshown
infigs・No.1and3shouldnowbece-
mentedtightlytotheformers3and4
asshowninthesamedrawings.Apiece
P
age
Fif
ty-
nin
e
一 一
￨ミー
l
epa
rtm
ent T伽ざ．L、Bulge
M
yst
ery
Shi
p
usingthe3/32"birchdowelsasspars
MATERIALS Alltheribsarecementedintoplace
Onepc.1./IC'x6''x36〃BalSa-formers， Wingrib"b"cannowbesetintoplace
ribs
andalsocemented.Leadingandtrailing
Onepc、1/32"x3''x36〃Balsa-cowling・
Fourpes、2"x3-7/16''X粥〃Balsa- edgesof1/16"x3/32''balsawoodisnow
wheel-pants. cementedinthenecessarywingslots・A
Onepc.、ユ/1G"xl9/32"xl-15/16"Balsa
pieceof1/32"squarebambooisbentto
亜雨撫aeﾝ鵬鯛慾36"Ba1sa-lon-
geronsbraces.
shapeasshowninfig､7andusedforthこ
Onepc.3/1C"工％''xl3-3/16〃Balsa- wing-tips・Thebestmethodofbending
nlotorstiCk．
bamboosothatitwillholditsshapeis
O
mjp
c.^
瀞"X
17/
32"
蕊1-
%〃E
ais
a- bysteaming.Eachwingpaneliscon-
Twopcs･兇"x5/32"x36'′Balsa- structedinthesamemannerexceptcare
Struts．
Fourpes、ユ/ﾕ6''x兇〃x36〃BalSa-Hibs， shouldbetakenthatoneisleftandone
LeadingsRibs. isright.Themetalclipsasshowninfig.
:齢蝋撚ﾁ鴬:饗"罵庶
Twopes.3/32"Birchdowel.
7arefastenedintoplacewithcement
TheseclipfittingsaremadefromNo.12
musicwire.
購職雛鷺爵餅寒瀞iblng
Onelargepropellerhanger. CenterWingSectionandLanding
OnespoolofNo.34annealedwire･ Gear
Oneft･ofNo．14nlnsicwire．
Two'/J"copperpropellershaftwash-
erS･
One2oz，bottleofambroid.
One1oz.bottleofbananaoil.
T駕溌乳鯉島捌淵噌鯉無
TwosheetsJapanesesilktissue. ribs"a"asshowninfig､3using1/16〃茸
Allnccesarycoloredfinishingdopes 殆〃balsawoodfortheleadingedgeanこ
1/16"X3/32"balsawoodforthetniilinff
of1/32"balsawoodisusedforthecowl edge・ThelandinggearstrutsC,Dand
Earethencuttothecorrectsizesas
Ingafterbeingcuttothecorrectshape showninfig、6andshouldbecemented
asshownindrawingfig.4.Thiscowl-
intoplaceasshowninfigs.Nos.Iand
8.Thestreamlinepantsarecutandsand
paperedtotheircorrectshapesasshown
pletcdtwohalvesarecementedtogether
nesidetothoroughlydry. streamlinepantsshouldbecementedto
WingConstruction
N osM品野￨撫瀞洲Md瀧謎
T 器淵磯ionoft雛謡職：
leftpanelandacentersectiontowhich
arcnowputintoplaceandtheaxlesas
showninfig.No.2inserted.Across
sectiontiewireofNo.34annealedwire
thelandinggearisaffixedaswillbede- isusedforbracingpurposesfromthe
scribedlater.Therearcfourteenofthe axlehookstothebottomofcenterwing
wingrib"a"andtwoofthewingrib sectionasshowninfig.No.8.Atail
"b"cuttotheircorrectshapesfrom1/16" skidiscuttoshapeandlaminatedas
sheetbalsawood.Layoutthefivewing showninfig.No.2afterwhichitisce-
ribsasshowninfig.No.7,1-17/32″さpar： mentedtothefuselageasshown.
NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

［︹︾造豊丘
丘

Nm
の当画辿垂室
−
四Ｊ×疋山哩包︽
Ｉｐトｚ迂旦
[
四重ごＥ疋山比卜の
￨制

R^/
堅
冨

上準

。
四ｋ哩工哩畔↑Ｌ
ｐトと一心両

l.
ひｰ

t
..0

画
一 一 ー
随、割随囚吋⑮蝋
昌一画ミ匡岨てき面一・．鞭
ど蝦蝿 引咽則

鵬
︾咽吋

鞭
ミU

(
∼
亙り乱迂ｍＨ・○の亀吋Ｑｗ
鞭逗鋲電が●鞭里巳汽α・卜圭
８ｍと迂囚匂の樫﹂

in
寸 ﹄﹃一

町
1
四
唾の当疋田︲留雲照
Ｉ
y

唾の．冨画息蝋 恥止一望Ｑ四逗含二
蝋迄
a
PgS
eit
x
 PageSixty-one

Ｎα込生ｕ、劃、く一ミｎ画玲句卜、
：

随喜とぎゐ吋一靭 Ｑ一﹃。 刺。と・竺旦 町と一卜止皿の廷門

些。山Ｑ疋亙
ｊⅧ⋮恥 ︽迄“卜Ｌ唾。乏山 四割×定
吋叫逗迂Ｅ ︽ｖⅡⅡⅡⅡⅡⅡⅡ鈴Ｕ
山Ｎ一のＪ劃員﹂ “ｚＯＱｚ四画
ト込匡工吻と凹型剖凶Ｑｐｋｑ
ｎ
の里含卜 瞳 延

と
Ｑ−ｘのＪ勇粋岸 Ｑ一劃。
虻。。韮叱
の凶。“に
迂ごと唾劃
山堕四工
写⑰正虐菖ｐｈ
Ｑ一室の望兵卜

￨
ハ
^>ノ
ヱ。。凸凹ご匡片
-KS
F
二

辺
童
謎

､
廷」

雨
ﾐ
g

ｈ画一比
I>

〃
引⑲

α山Ｑｏ。に
^

函
、
ﾍ
;汁

い
丘

-
･理
1

こ
両I寺
m
q
○
-r*
二
擢

門
HN
１１ｌこのゴミ四 愚 調 両 晶 弛 揮 一 Ⅷ

I
畠迫
’
．

｝
い
FORJWNE 193

Ｃ Ｏ 国 と 匡 由 画抑把
NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

両．。ｚ：一Ｇ一睡
廻茸
い、 丘の斗吐岨胸感噛
Ｐ、、ご﹄
噌耐侯冬司疋。○恥
電

唾ｎ割ご雨門．耐、垢両 率 蝋
“に廻工、寸

画
心へＬｐ卜と一ｐ局

唖
、

討
建
崎
⑲

。ご句ｓ典︺堕姉劃唾画．、蝋

￨
匂迫
範
a
PgS
eit
xyt
-wo
 he
rs

寸守。ｚ吐岳堅
t

虻的言・﹃皿、卜幽山工吻、端
y-

寸
t

とに“ドドぷ些珍を、さ墓０。
x

両
a
PgS
ei

こ︷

と
の
己一一
凶に唖エ
ぬけ一旦ｐト室ｐｈ

ト
当江伝幻Ｉｈ ｌ
一一
一一辛盾唖︾帳
４
ミｕｒ唖哩Ｕ鍾迂を
疋則に偽塁飛吋①一陛侭に。卜昏母岨 卜

。
ト

j
r
堤

榊尋胸撫兆蕊

s
nF
剛

j
二

-
ﾐ

虻
^

詞r

②
酒
急州ミ州

理
韮

I
−
。。巴ムに岨匂の煙
FORJUNE,193

﹄一一
蕪

翌
￨
 NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

いき。ｚ房⑯一且 眠る一重匙幽三ｋｏＬ 濠、。と一生四一重庄一ＯＬ

侭。迂 ，⑲．○ｚ陛竺と企ＯＬ
．”○重 比幽這正○ｋ
−
−

止凶匡陛。﹂

一 一
−
−

一一一一↑一・琴彦一

群
一一一一一一一一

ぱ
−

ざ
l望

1、1的
唖
竺 ∼

基
亀

雁膿馴陣

ｰ
−

∼
一

一
燦

きき一
一 ■ ■ Ⅱ ■ ■

巷 儲
一

尉
磁

一
い

ぷ
;
三
唾の雷一画ト池単・丙、｜袋Ｌｏ
山Ｑ吏匡の匡哩迄虻ＰＬゴゴミ

弐1
。、．○廷と四重随ｐ﹂ ﹃。ｚ虻凹区庄一ＱＬ
Ｎ○重にｕ盲陛ＯＬ

L −
/三
三／
ＦＩＦ︲庁冶凹・身ゴ
∼

﹂
、 一

−
一

■
一
−
ー
〆

一 一 ・ 一 一 一

＝
−

ミ
こ
ﾆ

／
／
ー
ー

一
ミ
煙

御四
ー
ﾐ
距一

一
二弓

こーごI・二三
一一

N*)
ー
や、
亀岬１１１寺１１１珊一
鵬一

両｝虹
一一一

駒
一一

逗
一一

ｰ
−
一一

、 一 一
に星、

ﾄｰ上=＝
一
一
一
r

一
ou

一
f

二
≦

/
a
PgS
eit
xy
言
FORJUNE,193
P
age
Six
ty-
fiv
e

漏↑Ｌｐト、聖ヒ
ミ×内山Ｊ○工

勘四二二．角・蝋

丘四一迂国卜岨山遼押導
r一一

や之ＣＱＰｕｏＧ辿迷随号へ
封
､
I 【−

刀
ー ■

吻卜。比ト、と迂蜘⑬
− ■

、’■

−ロ
￨” 陰
ま
岳

− 4

^ MS

近Ｕ疋叫吋山迂迂屋
I■■

ー
ﾉ

永い
一一

炉ト虻仁岸ｕｚさ︽
I
t ［
L
一一丁 ■
’
／
ﾐ
ノ
華 、
国

⑥ｚ−Ｑと更‘﹃
司 門

此
四一にＵと一三

1
牌
−

ノ
山 司 ロ 』
Ｖ︾
岡１

◎
〃
-
−

④。ｚ・山一Ｌ
処
』
−下司
8廻

、 −
泳

聯
琴
正劃 門ノ
潰
&
一

玉 0一一
I
ニニ
ェ

ミ
1圏
器
鍋張 劃I ∼

nl*
一軍
ｈド乏叉此壁碇画ｕ吟乏一ｏｚ正割

I
〃

_ﾄ鞭聖
這い一睡“Ｎ“芝迂更
Ｉ

蕊
l背 '
I
とＵ三餌﹃一産

呂 咽
ー

,
'
ﾄ急司
ｰ 闇
一樺
､
Id
∼

1
、 ’
￨
）｝）
￨
I
 NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
P
age
Six
ty-
six

侭．。ｚ心一Ｌ
心室童

［
FORJUNE.193
P
age
Six
ty-
sev
en

、．、塁、、

イ
0，
x4-
/tJ3*L多々グァRUT
−

ﾉら‘

号一nISJQ.BAMlO 壱

伽脈乃
隼屋一一

ご
う、
〃〃HEALED
∼ W i r eS
BRk
fice
､、
肋"“
ご
‘

4
だ
F峰Ho6
言

NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEW
P
age
Six
ty-
eig
ht

Ｉ
刈拳１
どチ
多８

Ｊ一斗

ｊ−８
。■

孝晴 卜
言
、
、
、

瞳
里８

イ
‘
一

8
−
I〃
8
こ
'彦
：
ケー８

一 I
ノ
ク‘
《
て
7，
'
三
イヶ
イ'l 8 ー

8
− q

脚ethcoOr
阿◎uHTiHGr
PROPCLLeP

、
、

食
ﾉ
'
‘ ﾄ
言斗
Pro
Propeller
FL皇No9
FORJUNE.193
P
age
Six
ty-
nin
e
ElevatorsandHorizontal NewYork,N．Y.
Stabilizers
UNIORAVIATIONCLUBoftht
JNewYorkEveningGraphic,headed
"^areco撫臨溌謡翻竪綴撫 In
- our
goodfriend,"Larry"・Shaw,wil
nerasthewingpanels･Cuttothecor- stagetheThirdAnnualModelAirplane
rectshapefrom1/16"balsaalltheneces- DerbyonJune6thatCentralPark,New
saryelevatorribsasshownindrawing YorkCity.Theeventisco-sponsoredby
fig.No.4.Apieceof1/16〃韮苑〃x7-%" theNewYorkParkDepartment・The
balsawoodisusedasthemainspar judgesincludemanyprominentaviation
台

while1/16"squarebambooisusedfoi representatives･Resultsofthiscontest
theleadingandtrailingedges. willbepublishedintheAugustissue.
Afreemembershipisofferedinthe
ModelDepartmentoftheAmericanAir-
RudderandVerticalFin
plane& GliderClul,241West68th
Street,NewYork,to allboysunder1
T
器壁d
鍵,p
雛磯f
rom
api
ece yearsofage・Allapplicantsmustshow
schoolrenortcardswithgoodrecords.
ThisRudderPostiscementedflushup
againstformerNo.8.(Seefig.No.2)
江e沌允“ん“P〃〃，'0α”
Therudderribsh,i,j,k,1,m,narecut W〃“Zej。，江α'〃man,Goldberg,
toshapefrom1/16"sheetbalsawood NetoRochelle,NewYoｱルPz"｡c肱a8e，
Ⅳ穆wYoj･た0〃〃Ⅳe”Yof･北
afterwhichtheyarecementedintoplace,
asshowninfig.No.2.1/16'′square Weston,Canada
bambooisusedfortheleadingandtrail-
ingedgescemented,ofcourse,toeach BernardHowe,oneofourCanadian
r
ibt
ip. modelbuilders,writesinthatheisget-
tingwonderfulresultsfromhisBabv
Junkersand12"modeloftheU.S・Armv
MetalFittings Hawk.

A路溌聡蹴ymetalfitti蕊慨 Chatfield,Minn.
NormanJ.Borgenwasanotherwho
toshapefromNo.12musicwire,these
sentinaphotographofhisCadetII
shapesbeingshownindrawingfig.
No．2．Bothsquareandround-nosedcut- modeltobeautographedbyJack
O'Meara,and"OhBoy"whatasweet
tingpliersshouldbeused.Al1rigging modelNormanbuilt.
isdonewithNo、34softannealedwire.
Hartford,Connecticut
Propeller
O畷糾職霊譜撫i躍臨 ”""amBeerstein,Youngs加切",Ohio.
T鵜:淵erfort霧卿瀧awood twenty-fiveglidersamongthemodelson
GoodWillBoys'Club・Therewereover Houston,Texas
propellerblock,rememberingtoleave
enoughmaterialatpropellerhubsothat
exhibitandsomeofthemcouldglidefor
morethan100feet,aspecialAutogiro S悪澱謡Id^ike^t凝淵淵蝿
theimitationspinnermaybeformed(see modelwasalsoondisplaywhichhada cangettheplansforathree-footFokker
6i9.No.9).
wingspanofovertenfeet,poweredby D-7WarPlaneoranyothertypesol
warplanesusedintheWorldWar.
twodrycellbatteries.
CoveringandFlying HomerCity,Pennsylvania
T器a蟹悪蕊欝w悪協磯凝 A
.Ma
inS
tr鯛
蝿li
k墓｡
鷲a『
淵
tissue,usingthebananaoilasanad- othermembersoftheA.B.A.inthis
hesiveforstickingpapertoframework. citysothataclubmaybeformed･An-
Coloreddopesmaybeusedonthistis- gelohasjustfinishedabeautifulmodel
suefortighteningandcolorscheme.The oftheStinsonDetroiter.
Texaco13,beingaspeedship,usesheavy
兇'′flatrubberandcareshouldbetaken WhitもHains,N、Y.
thattheshiphasaperfectglidebefore RobertV.ScottoftheRooseveltFly-
anyattemptismadetoflyit.Should
theshipstall,itisbesttosnapafew
｡ま翻一 ingSchoolrecentlyaddressedthemem-
bersoftheWestchesterCountyMinia-
heavyrubberbandsaroundthemotor tureAircraftLeagueatWhitePlains,
cowlingtobalance. NewYork.

Lakewood,Ohio
MODELDEPARTMENT

Syracuse,NewYork
B'馬迩¥畷鰯of捌篭r寵
JOHNM蝿鷺蒜幾舗el認識F Billyhasbeensickabedforthelongest
whowillbuildamodelforhim.Get

鱗 撫 繍 灘
busygang1Hereisachanceforabusi
nessdeal.

Elizabethville,Pa.
H・PaulGonderofthiscitywould
liketohearfromsomeonewhohasa
G‐
淫撫艦i撫諜s冴縄製翻
metalpropellerandwouldliketoex- Master"Vie"DubydisplayingReynold's ANDAIRPLANENEWSEditorial
chancreforsomemodelsupplies. Sα
"’1
α抑2．

…I
PageSeventy
NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

’−−−。患f縦…1皇一二…1−2−“

多冒
多繍 THISHANDY
言

JustTheThing
鰻 N
oMo
reC
utt
ing
Fin
ger
swh
en
ThisII汁lek n
ife
wil
lbe
com
eyo
urh
and
ies
t+◎
◎I,
tha
t's
wha
tou
rwo
rkm
en
havelearnedin O
urs
hop
.Ca
nbe
use
dfo
rca
rvi
ngy
our
Pro
ps,
spl
itt
ing
Bam
boo
.
c
utt
ing tissueand ahostofotherthings.
C
h
ave
tod
ois
tot
rea
tyo
urs
elf
wit
h$1
.50
wor
tho
f"M
adi
son
's
騒熟R蕪藍丙態磯u
槻猟獅穎蝋hie購暴蹴撫漁撫､網1臆.
surinavouofthe"BEST"atGUARANNTE
TEEEDSAVINGS訴一AKNIFEGOESWITHEVERYORDER
D
○F$1.,50orover.

RECORDBREAKINGOUTDOORMODELS
UTDOORCABINTRACTOR Mα亜sor1
 −

FORJUNE,193 P
age
Sev
enﾅ
y-o
ne

ざQもむ二

蕊
NEWTO⑪L 、f恥FORE
READ

龍
罷

y。uVeWanted oRDERIN

C
utt
ing
Bal
sa
謹繊 InOrderfor
PromptDelivery

鰯
罫晶韓；
PleaseComply
WithInstrucﾄtions
蝿 Below:
BeSureToAskFor
1 ． O rdersunder
50cnotaccepted−duetoou
verylowpriceS．
2・Add15cforpacldni

蕊感糠鵜溌
6
.Ad
d5c
for
ins
ura
nce
aga
ins
tbr
eak
age
int
ran
sit
.

ALERSANDCLUBS**婿藷R^SPECIA
−

PlankBalsa ColorlessCement
1X3X36----.40
1X-6X36----.70
.Absolutelythestrongest,Il^ht-
estandfastestdryingcolorless
⑱oth inou t*yo urhe avie r
liquids.2oz・can．．．．．．．．、14
2X3X36----.70 cementonthemarket!Try
someNow！
4oz.can．．・・・．．．．．完．．．．．、25
2X6X36----1.00 2dramtube．．．．．．．．．．．．、05

騨簿蕊婁
2X5X40----1.00 1oz・tube．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．13
2oz.・can．．．．．．．．．．．．、−．．．20
BalsaPropellerBlocks ioz.can．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、37
BalsaWood
OurBalsaWoodisthe 嬢琵薯--3for.05 CoveringMaterial
Xewestthinsincovering:your
i
ght
cst
and
bes
tba
lsa
tob
e 5^X1X7--2for.05 models1
,ad.Itisclearstraight
grainedstockcuttocon-
^X1X8---.03
)^XIJ^X8---.04 AluminumLeaf D
f
o
雛
o
鴬
t
･
S
F
理
o
ur
｡
静
s
iz
穏
e
s
暦
t
u
o
s
b
e
b
l
e
e
c
r
t
fr
^
o
m
Thismaterialispuresheet
謎砺那沸泌娩溌那張ｒ綴媛襲蕊蕊

renientsizes. HXU/iX10---、,05 遥
Ihe
low
est
pri
ces
mAm
e琵
鈍巽一翼一亜亜一軍軍一嘩一亜一︾母いふ倖録

aluminum･,0003ofaninchin
％詔154X11---.06 thickness．亜hinkofit,only
Ｓ

％XIKXII---.07 総
淵鴨唱
儀．:
:::
:灘謡
::：
ＶＶＶｖＶＶⅣ〃ｙＶＶＶｙｙＶｌＶＶｙｙＶＶＶｙｗ

onetenththethicknessof
〆Ｏ〆Ｏ〆○〆０戸Ｏ
ｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘｘ︾

１才１１寺１︽島ワ］の。句０句。４鼻、〆、〆０片ノハ５︵Ｕ
ｎＸＵｎＵｎＸＵ︿ＵハＵ︵Ｕ︵ＵｎｖｎＵ︿ＵｎＵハＵ︿Ｕワ学
で上屯上ぐょｏｏｎＵｏＤｏＯ屯止屯ＬＡ叶典今舟今ｏＯｏＯク︼○ＯＲＹ１寺１の。可ｌｎＣ１︽Ｊ

MX1J4X12---.07
苑XIKX12---.08
聡跨 a 柵詮 ! "愚 ｴa
bea
utT
fui 溌
6謡:
:::
:::
::灘
謡::
；
粟〃￥グガ恋

coverinsrjob.
^XIKX14---.10 3J/5incheswide5ft.for.05
CelluloidWheels
SpruceandPme
Xtra-ThinTissue Verylightandstrong.Bush-
Wedonotstockcutsizes Absolutelythelig:htestcover-
ofSpruceorPine・Writefor
ing-materialknowntobehad
anywhereatanyprice･TJge ,
溌a雛
玲認雲
:::
:::
:::
:!：
specialpricesonthese
woods.
itforcoveringyourendurance
xnodels･ 域
：揺司謡:
:::::
::::閉
Sheet20X15．．．．．．．．．．．05
Doz．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．50
Bamboo
JapaneseTissue.Astrong St顕ong，Iightand虻i鉦．Sizea
TONKINstraiffht-Rrained.
no-knotbamboointhefol-
lighttissueforcoveringyour
commercialmodels.
Sheet20X24．．．．．．2for、05
搬
ag
es
^'
'*
**
*'
'*
**
*'
…棚
lowinKsizes:
1/16X1/4X15--.01
Perdoz、----.10
Do務．．．．．．．．．．．…．．．．．．．、25
"Woodveneerpaperforscale
modelwork.
ﾕﾉ風無職協騨篭“
1/32X1/4X8--、OOK
Sheet20X30．．．．．．．．．．．．15 1/4outsidediam･perft...15
︹画勺ｔ句０句○つ０つ０２

Perdoz、−−−−．,05 ClearDope
００００
４４４５

1/16xl/16x9−doz．．03 Thisisrealnitratedope
thinneddowntomeetthere-
６６２６６

Dowels quirementsofmodelairplane
Straight-grainedgenuine
ugage，
2oz･can．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、14
ThrustBearings
birchdowelsinthefollow- 4oz･can．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、25

撹
SIZ
熟一1
8in
.lo
ng.
01 ColoredDope
Realpigmentedaircraftdope･
3/16diam,−36in・long、02 Donotconfusethiswithdopes
1/4diam,−36in、Ion賃．.03 ofInferiorquality・丑ed,Blue,

CeRH淵y9R蕊計d蕊爽e,n 浅野'縦智協Blagk^Olive '

color、2oz,can．．．．．．．．．．17
diam・EaCh．．．．．．．．．．．．．．40
/
舟｡d
els
.･P
er^
do
4oz･Can．．．、−−．−−−−−‐‐‐、｡
職
呼協

NC 134LIVINGSTONST電,BROOKLYN,N.Y OurKitsandSuppliesAreHandlesByLeadingDepartmentStores

職増薫蕊鋳濃蕊蕊奏蕊蕊謬割蕊綴溌篭灘職溌:篭報‘‐頭 …ド篇鼻蕊溌溌
己

』
 NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
PageSeventy-two
一 一ヴ
一 巳
凸
｡ ◆ 国 o d さ ･
● ■ 甲 b
q 凸
堂 胎 一

TheGreatestValue
in Model
AirplaneHistory
B 〃』 型〃Ozﾉ〃坊eCo""”』〃
B""Z〃g乃方〃b'〃γamous
〃b〃/42〃力馳"脇加"α〃
L0泌乃弓〃9

MysteryShip
PLANSFOR
MYSTERYSHIP
TﾊeMostReα〃sticFlyingModelEver ｢
駅珂’
24-INCH
FLYING
Built!
MODEL

鯛a l ni ng f uf 職y 瀧 蓄
entiremodel,allbulkheads,
Kit
conta
insfu
llsiz
eplan
sandinstructions,
AluminumN．A.C、A.cowling,stamped
r
ibs
,st
amp
edb
ulk
hea
ds,
lar
get
ube
総 職憲.蝋蕊無： cement,2oz・canreddope,Ioz・bottle
4,000wordsofinstructions.
韮 50
a
w
hit
edo
pe,
ven
eer
fus
ela
gec
ove
rin
g,p
air
P
ric
eis
onl
y c
ell
ulo
idw
hee
ls,
eas
yto
for
mwh
eel
pan
ts,
a
ndm
any
oth
erf
eat
ure
swh
ich
mak
eth
is
SOC. k
itt
heg
rea
tes
tba
rga
ini
nth
isc
oun
try
atonly.….…………….……，．…･………･…………･…・
WhenorderGmseparatelyadd10cforpostu窓⑱’

THREE- IN-ONEKIT蹴雛.齢.柵署柵蝿
jl
a卿燕猟蕊職椛鯛撫匿糊息y･粥
alongtime・No
suretogetakic
an
san
din
str
uct
ion
san
dal
lma
ter
ial
sne
ces
sar
yto
bui
ld
kit
conta
inspl
ans
HlGH-PERFODRR
hM
/ANCER、○・G.,aSENIORR、○.G.,andane，

蟹:瀞擢職鵜茎基萱毒珂oc
ll-MINUTEIND
threemodelsisL
t
hel
ast
pla
nea
l
Add10cforpostajrcwhenorderlI1iKseparately

HighestQua雌y−FasfesfSer塊ce−LomesfPγices
M
ADI
SON
MOD
ELA
IRP
LAN
ES,
Inc
.,1
34L
ivi
ngs
ton
St.
,Br
ook
lyn
,N､
Y， 一 ■ 一 画

一 一 ■

‐ 一 一
冒覇冒胃臨・一‘、〆．…．．．
FORJUNE.193
P
age
Sev
ent
y-t
hre
e

l
'
,
￨ I
STATEMENTOFTHEOWNERSHIP,MANAGE-
MENT,CIRCULATION,ETC.,REQUIREDBY
WINDERSPECIALS
THEACTOFCONGRESSOFAUGUST24,1912,
ofNationalGliderandAirplaneNewspublishedmonthly
atNewYork,N.Y.,forApril1,1931.

謡瀞f脚e郷｡irk}".
Beforeiiie,aNotaryPubHcinandfortheStateand
Countyaforesaid,personallyappearedRICHARD
CLANCY,wlio,havingbeendulyswornaccordingto
law.deposesandsaysthatheistheBusinessManagerof
theNationalGliderandAirplaneNews,andthatthe
followingis,tothebestofhisknowledgeandbelief,a
truestatementoftheownership,managementetc.,,ofthe
aforesaidpublicationforthedateshownintheabovecap-
tion,requiredbytheActofAugust24,1912,embodied Don'ttakeachanceonruining-acoodmodel¥s-ithaweakwinder.
9哩亜nders麺ethebestthatmoneycan五面7麺証孟euncon証逓：
insection411,PostalLawsandRegulations,printedon allygruaranteed.Strong-sing-lewinders.50c函函.All孟応r証而息
thereverseofthisform,towit: inumwinders.5-1ratio,!K)ceach・Doublewinderswithcountre.
S4．50each

1．Thatthenamesandaddressesofthepublisher.
editor,managingeditor,andbusinessmanagersare:
Publisher,DimePublications,Inc.,370SeventhAvenue.
NewYorkCity,N.Y.
Editor,EmanuelStieri,370SeventhAvenue,NewYork
City,N.Y.
ManagingEditor,EmanuelStieri,370SeventhAvenui;,
NewYorkCity,N、Y.
BusinessManager,RichardClancy,370SeventhAvenue,
NewYorkCity,N.Y.
HEn麺,SrXT配丁‘AT函S唾
Engrlishparachutetissue.20'′エ.30"sheets.5ceachor60cper
dozen．TakeatipXromusandtrythisnewcovering-onyour
ne韮t1nodel．
CONm麺S亜配U涯配恋配
3/16''flat.2Ft.perc.1/8''五at.1/16"or1/32'′Sq､3Ft､Perご
Postageprepa掘如〃．S.A．0銘α〃oftheaboveitem8．Add10%
JorCanadianorliar"“iα冗shipmen錘．班如j加泌、”α〃，”c、0郡r
bわi"郡8tratedcatalo"，5c,orfree泌此九α50c”秘”．
COUNTRYCLUBAEROSUPPLYCOMPANY
58a1HOLMESST配嗣翻TKANSASCIT又．M0．

一
一
2．Thattheowneris:
DimePublications,Inc.,370SeventhAvenue,NewYork
SPECIALISTSIN
City,N.Y.
Thenamesandaddressesofstockholdersowningor
holdingonepercentormoreofthetotalamountof
AUTOMOTIVEANDAIRCRAFT
stockare:

E・Stieri,370SeventhAvenue,NewYorkCity,N、Y.
MACHINEWOm《
RichardClancy.370SeventhAvenue,NewYorkCity,
N.Y. 職溌I脇測§蟹駕獅龍t謡熱;綴隅継:雛
WilliamL.Purcell,370SeventhAvenue,NewYorkCity,
N、Y・
瀞掛窺職f熱蝋溌斑聯柵･鴨噸
EdwardJ・Welch,114LibertyStreet.NewYorkCity. J.M.FLOODMACHINECOMPANY
N.Y.
6VARICKSTREETDept.A.NEWYORK
Phon⑥TVA1k⑧r届-621
3．Thattheknownbondholders,mortgagees,andother
securityholdersowningorholding1percentormor
oftotalamountofbonds,mortgages,orothersecurities
are:一None．

4．誼hatthetwoparagraphsnextabove,givingthe
namesoftheowners,stockholders,andsecurityholders,
ifany,containnotonlythelistofstockholdersandsecurity
PLYC0R^"7.'J
holdersastheyappearuponthebooksofthecompany PDYCOU.thestandardplywoodoftheaeronauticalindu8try.
butalso,incaseswherethestockholderorsecurityholder isresiUent.strong:,andofuniformtexture・Obtainable一面
appearsuponthebooksofthecompanyastrusteeorin
anyotherfiduciaryrelation,thenameofthepersonor 瀞‘競職b僻f淑場繊野繊鎚‘勝聯別
corporationforwhomsuchtrusteeisacting,isgiven; VENC0RG工皿ERPLYWOOD,a3plyaldermaterial,haa
alsothatthesaidtwoparagraphscontainstatementsem beenadoptedbyleading:lig:htairplane,glider,andmodel
bracing;affiant'sfullknowledgeandbeliefastothecir
cumstancesandconditionsunderwhichstockholdersan
骨瀞珊rers.撫鴇｡panels:斗ｿ舗職説蔑磯
charg-eatcost・エ心ggthan匂ユ0panelswillbeshippedwith
securityholderswhodonotappearuponthebooksofthe sheetscutto20"by2生〃．
companyastrustees,holdstockandsecuritiesinaca WRITETODAY!Letusquoteonyourindividualrequire-
ments･LiberalqUantitydiscountg．
pacityotherthanthatofabonafideowner;andthis
affianthasnoreasontobelievethatanyotherperson THEPLYCORCOMPANY
associationorcorporationhasanyinterestdirectorin
directinthesaidstock,bonds,orothersecuritiesthan 1500SouthWesternAvenm色 C
hic
ag心
i,I
lli
noi
s
assostatedbyhim.

(Signed)RichardClancy
(BusinessManager) BalsaMod℃IGliderFREE!
Sworntoandsubscribedbeforemethis30thdayo rn皿皿;Parts7"BalsaModelGliderifyoupaypackintrand
March.1931.

(seal)MaryEllenGaeltz "難鷲鶴諜蹴瀞識溌織灘舞率。
Black.5epostpaid.
CommissionexpiresMarch30,1932. AZURECO.
929CO礎亜AGmrLACE ‘UNI0画CX亜豆．Ⅳ．J‐
一

−
 NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS
P
age
Sev
ent
y-f
our
G皿DERP皿OTﾂSLETTER
−

− 1

(Continuedfro"ルヵαge30)
LOCKHEED pract
ic alamendmentorthegli d
erm
ove
-
LEARN mentisgoingtosuffer.Thereisso
SIRIUS m
any
rea
son
swh
ywe
mus
tha
vet
his
cha
nge
.
tliatIcanonlysetdownthemainpoints

GLIDING here.
Herearcthereasonswhywemusthave
anewamendnrent.
Thepresentoneisnotaccurateenough.
Thereisnodistinctionbetweenprimarys.
Genuin RedWingModelKit"fplane
favoredbU,寸の‘,1．丁‘耐MnMhTo唾h、WIth⑪r
yCol･IjindhorKh、vVitll⑪r u
til
iti
es,
and
hig
h-p
erf
orm
anc
eso
ari
ng
withoutretractablelundinK:間⑥血r・掴ru⑥
pitchpropeller.
planes.Whyshouldtheyallbetreated
asjus
tgliders,whe
nthereissuc
haglar-
18"WingSpread-−.-$1.00
Chicago For28otん鋤、緬ts,send10cfor・““‐
1
(>(
Ili
e．C
“α1
0"鮎
e力･
eew
ith
,fi
rst
ot.
｡鋤，
．・
i
n
q
t
g
l
a
d
i
l
i
任
t
i
c
r
e
s
e
？
n
cei
nth
eir
use
s,t
hei
rfl
yin
g
Thepresentamendmentwillmakeitim-
CHICAGOMODELAIRPLANE
possiblefortheamateurtoexperiment.
Gl
iding &SUPPLYCO.
6407N・ClaremontAvenue
Chicago,111.
Thereisanunexploredfutureforsoaring
a
ndt
her
egu
lat
ion
mus
tbeI
lcxi
blee
noug
h
t
ope
rmi
tan
yon
eof
smal
lfin
anci
alme
ans.
School ATTHESHOW
liiathaveengineeringandaeronautical
a
bil
ity
tob
uil
dth
eir
ide
asa
ndt
est
the
m.
(Continuedfrompage12) Observewhattheamateuraccomplishedfor
GlennL.MartinCo・Thissession radiointhepastfewyears・Thereisso

E 劉琴雛,職忠慧
atGlenView,Illinois,just
alsoincludeddiscussionson"Aircraft
Fuel",byH・K.CunningsandD. d es
igns,(s
m
a
u
c
n
h
y
p
a
o
s
s
s
t
i
a
b
l
i
e
l
d
e
l
e
v
s
e
l
s
o
,
p
m
c
e
a
n
t
b
s
i
n
i
n
s
s
,
o
a
e
r
t
i
n
c
g
.
・
N
)
t
e
h
w
un-
B.Brook,BureauofStandards,as der-stormsoaring,improvementofflying
wellasbyDr.GrahamEdgarand q ualitie
sbyexperiment,test
ingofnewwing
outsidetheCityofChicago. W.A.Perkins.Intheafternoon,at p
rof
ile
sor
fus
ela
ges
hap
esi
nth
ebe
stf
ull
2P.M.,OscarSchley,N.A・C.A.: scalewindtunnelpossible,thatis,under
S、L.Prescott,U､.S.A.A.S・;R.B. actual
flyingco
ndition
s.
Poole,U.S.A.A.S.;andDr.O.C. Thepresentamendmentwillpreventnear-
Bridgeman,BureauofStandards,ad- lyalltheembryogliderclubsfromcarry-
Raceswereheld dressedtheS.A.E.on"Engines". ingon・Itwillbefounduponinvestiga-
Anaircraftbanquet,sponsored tionthatne
arlyallclubsbuildt
heirfirst
jointlybytheS.,A.E・andtheAero- "lider,whichisoftheprimarytraining
￨撫鼠職卿撫謡:縦 nauticalChamberofConunerce,Inc.,
washeldattheBook-CadillacHotel
at6:30P.M・J.C.Hunsaker,Vice-
type.Theremaybemanywhobelieve
thatitwouldbebetteriftheyboughta
manufacturedgliderhavinganApproved
g
lid
ers
whe
reJ
ack
Vil
asJ
r. TypeCertificate.Theargument,proand
President,Goodyear-ZeppelinCorp.,
learnedtoglide.JackVilas and"Senator"EdwardFordwere con,overthispointcouldtakealotof
Jr.was14yearsoldwhenhe thespeakers.Wm.P.MacCracken space,but
thefactstillremain
sthatitis
receivedhisU.S.Department wastoastmaster. cheaperandfarmoreeducatingtobuild
ofCommerceCommercialLi- FRIDAY，APRIL17−MICHIGAN a primarytraini
ngglider.
DAY:Officialinspectionofthe Thegliderindustryitselfisnotstable
censeandalsowasgivenspe-
ShowbyGovernorBrucker.of a ndproducingenoughtomakeitpossible
toaffordastressanalysissuchasisnee-
cialcommendationfortheex- Michigan.(TheGovernorwastrans-
cssary.
cellenceofhispiloting. portedtoandfromLansingbyAir-
Anyway,whoistheexpertinWashing-
p
lan
e).
At12:15Noonanaviationluncheon
tonthatknowssomuchaboutglidingand
TWENTY-FIVEotherstudents gliderconstructionastomakewiseand
washeldbytheAircraftClubof
l)rac
ticalst
andards
.Therei
sonlytw
oreal
q
ual
ifi
edi
n19
30f
ort
hee
xam
- DetroitattheStatlerHotel.
gli
derscie
ntists
inthisc
ountry
atthepr
es-
i
nat
ion
sfo
rli
cen
set
est
sgi
ven SATURDAY，APRIL18−DOMINION enttime.TheyareWolfHirth,ofthe
DAY:Nodinnersormeetingswere Bowlus-HirthInstituteofSoaringandDoc-
byU.S・DepartmentofCom scheduled. torKlempereroftheGoodyear-Zeppelinat
merce,AeronauticsBranch Akron,
SUNDAY，APRIL19−AIR‘rRANS−
Agesofstudentsran
gedfrom PORTDAY:Nodinnersormeet- G
erm
any
,th
ele
ade
rof
the
gli
din
gar
t，
14yearsto42years. ingswerescheduled.Showclosed doN
esn'tneedsuchregulations.
oonehasbeenkilledinthiscountry
formallyat10P.M.
− inagliderbecauseofstructuralfailure
WRITEtoday.Usethecoupon. SKY-CAR
whileinanormalflightcondition.
■■■ー■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■軍■■■■■■画■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
(Continuedfrompage15)
ChiefInstrnctorPaulC.Skeels
ChicagoGliding:School, valvesarewithineasyreachofbothoc- T
脇?駕
慨to
fCo
mme
rce
rea
liz
es
G1enView,XUlnois. cupantsofthecabinandthereareeasy- extendedthetimeuntiltheamendmentbe-
P1easesendmefullparticularsof readinggaugestotelltheamountoffuel comese任ective・Onlyonemanufacturing
you
rG1idi
ngCoursewi
thoutoblig
ating ineithertank.Visionforlandingand c ompany,averylargeonetoo,hasanAp-
myselfinanyway・エaminterested flyingpurposesisexcellentinalldirec- provedTypeCertificateandit
isona
singl
e
intakingaGlidingCourse tions. runnerprimarytrainingtype.
Ⅳα7兇e Outstandingaer
onauticalmena
llove
rthe
countryagreethattheamendmentwilldo
S〃｡e“4α回r“S MODEIiBUｴｴ』DERS1 SendlOcrorour moreharmthangood.Theyonlyneed
aleader.Whomakesbetterleadersthan
SI“
andgetoursoaringglider
newCatalogandgot ma
g a
zines？
0〃が
planFree．Ehrhardt's ModelAircraft Theentireaviationindustrycaneasily
4〃巴 Ave.,St･Louis,Mo realizewhatwouldbetheeffectofa

,
'｡
."
'"
，…
書…
."
OCcZjp“わ〃
tremendousincreaseintheair-mindednes!
(Conlimiedonpage75)
＝ 一 一 一
FORJUNE,193 P
age
Sev
ent
y-f
ive

ofthepublic・Glidingandsoaringcan

一
doit.Stunt-flying,wonderfullongdis-

一Ｗ
一
tanceflights,passengerflying,etc.,have 01》POR畑WlTI酉易.r・
A1RPいNE
hadtheirchanceandfailed.Whynotgive INnu5郡W

glidingadecentchance？Justtljinkof
顎

﹃一
thegreatincreaseofpowerplanepros-
pectsthatwouldbetheresultofabig
glidermovement.
Everything,alldiscussionpointstothe
factthatweneedadifferentamendment
oftheAirCommerceRegulationsdeal-
ingwithlicensinggliders.
’皇灘
Well,then,whatcanbedoneaboutit？ T
t
h
駕
o
圃
u
sa
型
n
d
8
s
麗
o
fh
職
i
gh
i
l
溌
y
-p
‘
a
i
排
d
温
j
ob
搬
s
o
a
p
m
e
ra
撫
o
n
柵
l
｡
y
to
柵
t
r
麓
a
磯
i
ne
d
d
m
a
e
r
n
・G
i
e
t
n
i
g
n
to
-
t
h
,
i
a
s
th
m
r
i
b
ll
i
i
n
t
g
-b
雛
u
s
瀞
i
淵
n
ess
Thereisseveralsuggestions.Through w
hil
eit
iss
til
lin
its
inf
anc
yan
dun
cro
wde
d1Ⅳ
owー
bya
lmi
que
new
hom
e-s
tud
yp1
an-
von
themediumofyourpublication,itwould Canquicklysecurethebasictraining:insparetime.Fascinatinさ．interesting-ahnoBtlikethe
behelpfultocarryonarealcampaign.
askforproposedplansandgetsome
謡 幾淵$ui職s蝋,甥W柵W淵乳調)know.撫器職淵驚圏淵,綴溌i,blue-
AirplaneIndus〃〃nowreadyTellsyouhow-togetintotheAviationIndiiHtry・Simply
sendyournameandaddressforyourcopy.Noobligations
actionbeforeJuly,whentheamendment
becomese圧ective.Whynotsuggestthat AnlERICANSCHOOLOFAVIATI0N,DEP配ざ410−A
3601md1i苫nnAvenue
CIlicaRO,Illilir.i-
theDepartmentofCommercecallacon-
ferenceofglidermanufacturers,gliderex-
pertsandafewoutstandingaviationedi- TheDepartmentofCommercecouldissue trolsurfacesandallthatwouldbeneces-
tors？Certainly,theDepartmentofCom− aninspectedcertificateandgrantalicense sarytomakeagliderflysafely.Ibe-
merceiswillingtodoanything*thatis ofacertaincodeletter.Toobtainthis
l
iev
etha
tthes
ugges
tedam
endme
nt,w
ith
intheinterestsofaviation.Itwould inspectedcertificateitwouldbenecessary p
ossi
blyaf
ewmin
oralt
erati
ons,w
ould
notbesoexceedinglydifficulttomake forthelocalDepartmentofCommercein- coverthewholegliderlicensesituation.
thischange. spectortomaketwoinspections,andfil
SinceIhavebeensoboldastofind
faultwiththepresentamendment,will
outareporteachtime・Thefirstinspec-
tioncouldtakeplacejustbeforecovering w
§u織脇a溌職t竿総e寵y蝋：
howantstoaidthedevelopmentof
youpermitmetoevengosofarasto (plywood,cloth,etc.)wasapplied.The glidingandsoaringasyoudowilldo
makeasuggestion？Hereisaplanthat secondcouldbemadewhentheglideris e verythingpossibletocheckandelimin-
Ibelievewouldeliminateallthedefects finishedandmakesthetests.
atethepresentamendmentdealingwith
thatexistnow. Inthefirstinspectiontheproper･pro- gliderlicenses.
Firstlet'smakeadistinctioninthe cedurewouldbetomakecertainthatno
Verytrulyyours.
diiTerenttypesofgliders.Iwouldsug- inferiormaterialhadbeenused,thatjoints (signed)JACKW.HERRICK.
gestthefollowing-fourtypeofgliders. connections,metalfittings,etc・werecor‐
PRIMARYTRAININGTYPE:Open rect.Theinspectorcouldfilloutare- P.S・一Ifeelsurethatadetailedcheck
fuselage,usuallywithrunnerforlanding. portsimilartoFigure1・Atthistime o nallthefactspresentedherewillfind
Wingspanupto35ft..,glidingangle thedesignerortheconstructorshouldsub- themaccurate.
approximately10:1,Flyingspeedap- mitequationsanddatathatindicatethat
proximately45ft.persecond,factorof theplanewillbeaerodynamicallystable
safety5.Tobeusedexclusivelyintrain- andpossibletocontrol.
ingflightsonhillsides. BUILDMODELBOATS
UTILITYTYPE:Closedfuselage,
usuallywithairwheellandinggearor
'
-^p
rov
en職
綻t職
t鯉溌
｡職： andMODELAIRPLANES
combinationofwheelandskid.Wing strength・Thiscouldbeaccomplishedac-
curatelyenoughforglidersbymakinga ModelBoatInstructions25c
spanupto40ft.,glidingangleapproxi-
mately14:1.Flyingspeedaround45ft. staticloadtest.Loadthewinginthein- ：
I
BALSAWOOD
persecond,safetyfactor7.Tobeused vertedpositionaccordingtostandardprac- Postpα地哨
fortraining髄ghtswithautosorhill- ticewithsandbagsorsomethingsimilar 3x6x18．．．．．．．．．．．．．＄､60ハ
sidelaunchingandinsoaringflight. Testitfortheloadnecessarytogivethe 3x6x30．．‘．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、1．00：
2x3x18..．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．40i
HIGHPERFORMANCEGLIDERS: factorofsafetyofthetypeitcomesunder 1x8x35．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2．25i
Itispossibletomakeasimilartestonthe ユx6x18．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．40
Wingspanover40ft.,glidingangleap- 2x3x30．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．55i
proximately20:1,flyingspeedapproxi- fuselageandcontrolsurfacesiftheDe- Priceson亜nhogany,Klack,Walnut,
partmentofCommercewishes.Allthis
mately48ft.persecond,safetyfactor9. Spruce,e“．⑨nRequest・nemitbycheek,I
Tobeusedforsoaringandtrainingsoar- laborshouldbedonebytheconstructors e工pre88⑨rU．S･亜OneyOrder、
ingpilots. andtheinspectorsimplymakesouthisre-
MODELCRAFTSTUDIO
EXPERIMENTALGLIDERS:No port.Thenseveraltestflightsshallbe
Seaford,N、Y･
setflyingqualities.Factorofsafety9. madetochecktheflyingqualitiesofthe
glider.Asuggestedreportforthiswork 』
Tobeusedforexperimentflightsonly. isgiveninFigure2.
Thenthegliderscouldbelicensedunder
thefollowingclasses:Youwillnotethat Nowitcanclearlybeseenthatthe
SELECmED心T掘A凡人面面⑥
(1)and(2)aresimilartowhatweal- abovesuggestionsmakesitpossibleto
readyhave. proveagliderairworthywithoutanex- SPRUCE
(1)Glidersmanufacturedinfactories pensivestressanalysis.Italsoprevents FOBQUICKSHIPMENT乃湿o亜cHmAgo
anyunfitdesignerorconstructorfrom 配oughorPinishedtOnXactS1zefor文onr
underapproved-typecertificates.Eachtype rIIme⑪rG1Ider･
wouldhaveacorrespondingsafetyfactor. securing-alicense.Thedesignermust zo泌妬6W"01“αZe野ice8
Thiswillbesimilar tothepresentprocedure knowenoughaboutaerodynamicstode- PIKE-DIALLUMBERCO、
involvingtlielicensingofairplaneswhich tcrminethesizeandstrengthofthema^ 225＄St．L⑥⑥misSt.Chicago
rnoneC⑭nalOO49
arebuiltunderapproved-typecertificates. terials,thepositionandareaofthecon-
Alsoglidersconstructedbyanyone,pro-
videdtheyarebuiltinaccordancewith
specificationsanddesignpreviouslyap- Io TUBBS-HENDERSONENGINES/
provedbytheDepartmentofCommerce.
(2)Glidersnotmanufacturedunderap-
proved-typecert預catcsbutwhichmeetthe
requirementsforsuchacertificate.
ig．●
(3)Glidersconstructedbyanyonethat
doesnotwishanapproved-typecertificate.
一
一 三

PageSeventy-six NATIONALGUDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

DEVELOPMENTOFSOARINGIN HOMESTUDYCOURSE andthekneesslightlybent・Noeffortshould

GERMANY
(Coi1鋤加肥dfrompage38)
shouldbementionedhere.Thefirstsoar-
ingexpeditioncametoAmerica,bring-
ingwiththemthefamous"Darmstadt",
inwhichHesselbachmadeaflightof
fourhoursatCapeCod.Itwasthis
flightparticularly,whichstirredupand
stimulatedinterestfortheglidingand
soaringsportintheU.S.A.Theor-
iginatorofthisexpeditionwasC.K
Froehlichwhoseinterestwasarouseddur-
inghisvisittotheWasserkuppein1927.
ItwasalsointhesameyearthatI
broughthomemyfirstlaurels・During
theinternationalmeetatVauville,France,
Iwasluckytocaptureallfourfirst
prizes,flyingthe"Wurttemberg",aship
similartothe"Darmstadt",builtaccord'
ingtothedesignoftheconstructor
Lauterbach.Ialsoestablishedanew
Frenchdistancerecord.Thisflight,dur-
ingwhichIflewseveralmilesoutover
theocean,excitedagooddealofcom-
mentatthattime.
ThethirdeventtookplaceinKassel.
ThewellknownpilotEspenlaub,theace
ofsoaringpilotsofthattime,wastowed
inagliderbehindamotorplane.
Co"〃”2．伽オルeJulyIssueof
〃α閲onalGJ趣'er&Airplat杉ⅣezfAs
INVENTORﾂS
UNIVERSALEDUCATOR:
Contain8900me函anicalmovementB；50Per‐
petualMotions:instruetiononprocuring:and
Belling:patent8and8electing-anattorney,etc.
Suggestsnowidea8･Erices1・00postpaidin
U．S、A.AddressSicterichCompany,
602JOnrayBuilding,¥Vu8hing;ton,D．C、
(Continuedブγ0"‘’αge44)
itfoldsupundertensionsoitcanspring
outwhenthecontainerisopenedbythe
ripcord,catchtheairandpullthemain
chuteoutintothelineofflight.Later
modelsdispensewiththepilotchuteal-
thougiithoseusingitclaimthatitreduces
thetimerequiredforopeningandmakes
forgreatersafetyatlowaltitudejumps.
Theaveragetimerequiredfortheairchute
loopenandassumenormaldescentisap-
proximatelyoneandthree-鉦tilsseconds
aftertheripcordhasbeenpulled.
TheUseoftheChute
凧7¥謡e蝋d:'艦s擬i縦噌W鑑
amountstoaswingwithwebbingrepre-
sentingtheropesoftheswingoneither
sideofhisbody.Withineasyreachand
slightlyabovehishead,thewebbingdi-
videsintotwo,andtheshrouds,orsmall
cordswhichleadtotheouteredgeofthe
parachute,arehereattachedtotheharness
infourplaces.Thejumpermayfindthat
hisparachuteisswaying,inwhichevent,
hecanstopthismotionbypullingtheropes
ononesideoranother,･Thechutecan
beside-slippedabouttenfeetforeveryone
hundredfeetofdropbymerelypulling
downononeside・Onthissidethechute
willbelly-inbutwillopenoutassoon
astheshroudsarereleased・Intheevent
thatitisfoundnecessarytoswingfrom
somebuildingorotherobstacletheshroud
linesshouldbepulledinthedirectionin
whichthejumperwishestotravel.Ir
landing,thefeetshouldbeclosetogether
bemadetostandupandthebodyshould
berelaxed.Theshockofthefallisab-
sorbedtosomeextentbyrollingoverand
oneislessapttobehurttnthis_manner
thanintryingtoohardtoresistit・Where
thejumperseesthatheisgoingtolandin
waterthetwohooksacrossthelegsand
thehookacrossthechestcanbeunfas-
tenedsothatthejumpercangetloosefrom
theharnesswhenhelands.
Themaintenanceanduseofカαﾅ･“〃utes.
AlthoughtheArmyAirServicestipulates
thattheirchutesmustbepackedoncea
monthinCommercialpracticetheruleis
thattheymustbepackedonceinevery
threeorfourmonths.Thepackingofa
chutemustbedonebyanexperiencedman
ascorrectpackingisabsolutelyessential
toitsproperfunctioning.Whennotin
usetheparachutesshouldbekeptinadry
place.Whenthepackhasnotbeeninuse
forseveralmonthsitshouldberepacked
becausecreasesareapttoforminthesilk.
possiblycausingdamagetothematerial.If
foranvreasonthepackbecomeswetii
shouldbetakenoutanddriedorelse
mildewislikelytoform.Withproperu.se
andcareaparachutewilllastforyears.
TESTQUESTIONS
l-Whatisadriftindicator？
2−DeHneairdistance？
3−Whatisapitchindicator？
4- 弧Ihyarenavigationlightsrequired
bytheDepartmentofCommerce？
5−Whatistheobjectoftwo−wayradio
communication？
6−Whatistheaveragerangeinsize
ofaregularservicetypeparachute

SATISFACT■⑪Ⅳ _‘.一Lg

accordingtoWebster,means"gratifiedtothefullestextent;
freefromdoubtoruncertainty".
q

Wearepleasedtostatethat"Satisfaction"istheuniversal
sentimentexpressedbyourcustomers.’・
Amongthemanyfactorswhichcontributetothisstateof m indarepromptandefficientservice,high
qualityofmaterials,andoutstandingperformance・YourneighbormayhaveseenorflownaMEADglider．．‐
askhimaboutit.
O圧eredinaseriesofeasilyassembledconstructionkits,nr迩色
O圧eredinaseriesofeasilyassembledconstructionkits,pr i
c e
das
low
as$
89.
50c
omp
let
e(o
rby
ins
tal
lme
nts
i
fyo
ude
sir
e),
MEA
DRh
onR
ang
era
ndC
HAL
LEN
GER
gli
der
sar
ewo
rth
you
rin
ves
tig
ati
on.
Pleaseinclude10ctocover
’一

mailingcostsonourlatest
ca
tal
ogs
.
腰

Glidersyou
canbuildand
license---

MEADGLIDERS
Dept・G8 12S･MarketSt. C
hic
ago
,Il
lin
ois
FORJUNE,193 PageSevenfy-seven

"Hercules"ModifiedCommercial Aeroplane AskFor"Hercules"BalsaWo⑪。

(Guaranteedfo 75c
ガ肌〃c“γ“〃〃
Postage
CO"8〃泌酎“）
Pf･e
paid

Thecompleteconstructionkitcontains:
FullsizeBluePrintPlans,Ambroid,BananaOil,Col-
oredDope,Wheels,Thrussbearing,Propeller,Wirefor
Wingclips,canandhooks,Rubbermotor.Washers,
Bearings,HighestgradeJapaneseTissueforcovering
andalargesupplyofthefinestGRADEAA"HER-
CULES"BALSAWOOD,packedsecurelyincarton.
PricewestofMississippi15chigher.Shippedatbuyer's
riskunlessfeeforinsuranceisaddedtoremittancewhen
orderisplaced.
BAB璽遮.0．G.瓦I亜completewithfullsizehlueprintplans.
30e,postapo15cextrn．
71N1COⅣS礎恥UCTIONKITcontainsblueprintplansand
⑱largesupplyofmaterialsforsevenelementarymod⑧】8，
＄1.00,postagre15cextra.
No．C．O．D・Shipments.NoStampsorForeignCoins
Accepted.Terms:CashWithOrder.
−，“Ig7TandTγαde，5，cho0ls

HERCULESMODELAEROPLANE&SUPPLYCO.
2 0 5 T H R O O P A V E N U E B R O O K L Y N , N . Y .
O皿elalSupplyDepotfor亜HEJUNXOnAVXAnXONrA興亜OLSOrA皿EnXCA．

WHITEGABARDINEHELMET

$
10船
‘ GENUINEPROTECTORGOGGLES

賜一NOW-今%A.95
$
4蕪畷
｡”
一SPECIAL−
Helmet95c
Goggles$4.50
Ifbought
GENUINEELLIOTBANKEVDIGATOR separately
Veryusefulforgliderandflightinstruction
塑egreet竺竺$2.50 1,
Givehatsize
whenordering
ALDISTELESCOPESIGHTS

画一
CostU.S・GovernmentOver$50.each
LimitedNumberal<jj4.50Kach
AllbrandnewinoriginalGov'tcases. 2(;inchesIon窓−−1ViIn.diameter

Thesetelescopesightsweremadeforaircraft, range-findingmachinegunworkandaresurpluswarsupplies-thevery
sameasused byU.S.AirmenduringWorldWar.

亜S■｣ゆゅⅡ圧』
＄Ｏ１ 可上のｅ−ｎＵｎＵ剤Ｌ
○。頁Ｕもイェィ土産、
●ｃｃ一■凸
・ａｏｅ。．。
。．Ｌｏｒ・・・
■か一員︺●ｎＭ︽●■画

Hinges,perpair,complete．$､25
由の

BoltsandNuts．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、05up
MicacartaPulley,2〃．．．．．．．．．．．．、40
Ｉ 申争

ControlSteelCable,Extraflex,
■■西夕宇

一毎︽■一

C
ont
rol
蝋州品
ei'
mi･
per
loo
''0
ft．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．.．．．．．．．．、4.OO
ControlSteelCable.Stiff,3/32",
､45 pel、100ft，い、．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2.OO
an3 ControlSteelCable,Stiff,%",
per100ft。．．，．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、2．00
２

2.号号：
５０ｎ︾７︵５
巽％盈巽
１
。．︲〃。。
・・″・叫

CaseinGlue,largecarton…．．…．35
０３０２

⑪himbles,%",5/32",3/1G",per
．．

100．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、1．10
WickerGIiderSeats．．．．．．．．．．．、1．95
Safelyll./lts,iu-¥vlype．．．．．．．．．、1．50
一“一雨︼

一・一一冠。一

Plywood,1/32,1/1G.'A,3/1G,%,persq．§ ． TowRope,"4"Manila,perft．．．．．、01

AIRTRANSPORTEQUIPMENT,BoxGGARDENCITY,N.Y.
一

P
age
Sev
ent
y-e
igh
t NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

Q"mStP胆砂脆s肋⑲
a
irp
la n e
nee
●

andrepair

ThG
A
irc
raf
t Me
cha
nic
s'
Handbook
byI.W.Miller
Lieutenant,U.S・MarineCorps
174’αges,4Y*x7
38〃ﾉ“＃rations,$2.00
COMPLETEPROTECTION
UNMATCHEDCOMFORT Thisbooktellsyou:
一whattoolstheairplanemechanicneedsandhowto
ATANEWLOWPRICE usethem.
一howtohandlethevariousmaterialsofairplanecon‐
structioninmakingrepairs,applyingprotectivecoat-
Engineeredforcompleteeyeprotection,forall-around ings,et
c.
comfort.Madetosellatasensibleprice.That'sthe −howtorepairwires,cables,wings,propellers,rigging1
engines,etc.
storyofSNUGFIT,theAceofGoggles.Foronlyin −howtomakeathoroughinspectionoftheplaneand
SNUGFITwillvoufindα〃ofthesefeatures: engme.
一quickestandmoste圧ectivemethodsforhandlingthe
Widevisionheavyhardglasslenses,replaceablein variedjobsthatfacetheairplanemechanic.
casetheyareaccidentallydamagedorbroken.
Speciallymoldedspongerubbercushions,withpro- Everythingiecoveredini

tcctiveai
rfintoclosethegapordinar
ygogglesl
betweennoseandcheek.Anexclusive,patented
eave
繍
鮒蝋漁
'io
ii"
!'d
Snn
^Ae
A
er
ro
l
oo
lg
oy
tiona,tables,etc・mroushout.
feature.See〃伽ざ#γα箆切z、 thebookrepresentsthemo AGroundSchoo】
stAGrOUudScllOol
valuablecombinatLonofpraM
c-
aM
na
un
au
la
iliA
nnA
ec
rr
oO
nU
aaU
u-
-
SturdyFrameofNon-TarnishableChromium.
AQuicklyandEasilyAdjustedNose-Picce.
AWide.Serviceable,ComfortableElasticHeadBand.
l藷鰯駕鴬鴬":隠豊駕駕
eary.Standard…dmethodヨ鵬糾淵召鰯縦t.雰溌
ticalMeteorology
ByCHAKLESJOSEPH
MAfJUIKE,Lieutenant,〃”赫郵
Smt“Ⅳαり",Ae'･OIO"おtofthe
areInthemainthoseofthe〃”.“郡oブ4〃onaulies.Ⅳα抄〃
Bw･“郡oブ4〃onautics.Ⅳα抄〃
governmentservlceB- Dep経祁加“雄130p⑬Ees,6x9,
PerfectVentilation. 31pl
la
at
te
es
s,
,$
$2.
35
.0
5・
0.
E”α加加etheseThisboo
Thik
spr
booe
ks
pen
rest
esa
ntsb
ari
brie
ef
f
booksf〃ee溌謂珊b
難
c
utaccurate,non-mathemati-
,
aldn
iso
cun
ss-m
io a
noft
thl
ea珊
tx謡
no二
s−

SNUGFIT phere.Itspur
np
'ose
oistotell
EitherorbothofIhcsoItheaviatorhowtheweather-
theaviatorhowtheweather-
bookawillbesentwithoutmanworks,howtointerpret
manworks,howtointerpret
coatonreceiptoftheattachedtheweatherphenomenathe
theweatherphenomenathe
蟹iUpon.Y器鱒齢呼総：際b
Ke
際s
bt
es
ut
su
es
mea
ma
乳乳
』』
謡鵠
dd灘
THEACEOFGOGGLES carefullybeforemakiufryourIth
ter
he
ep
ro
er
pt
os
r,
ta
sd
,av
di
vc
i
castswhicharenowrnade
e
c
remittanceorroturning'thecastswhicharenowmade
s
e,
sa
,n
ac
ni
dfore-
bookB･Sendthecouponto-availablebyspecialistsof
availablebyspecialistsof
dny．tnfakeadvanlaffcofthinlo
ln
ogee
ngxx
pe
pr
eri
ie
en
nc
ce.
ConsiderthemanyadvantagesSx^UGFIToffers.Con- Drivilcge.
siderthelowprice.ThencompareSNUGFITwithany
gogglesellingata.vprice.Forprotection,forcomfort
-forvalue-changetoSNUGFIT．
− 雨ごGRAW−HiFEE一
YourdealersellsSNUGFIT,orcanget 睡亘_堅仙虹lg型_竺Q型E旦哩」
拳
500
themforyou・Or,youcanorderthem Q ：
_
。

directfromthemanufacturer,givingthe ：mcGr…-HillBookCo.,Inc.,370SeventhA…ue,画｡w五・傘．烏
nameofyourdealer・Sentpostpaidupon ISendmefortendays'FreeI耐ﾏnmi洞､綿onthebooksdled垂ed：
ロ
receiptof.……….……….…….….………….….……..… Q
口班Uler-Air“aftMechanics，Handbook，”･00･
pmagnire-Aero】ogybs2,50.
：
Z…｡t osend therem itta
postpaid,atthattime.
nc
ein
ten
day
sor
tor
etu
rnt
heb
ook
a，− 旨

ぶゆplydeaﾉ"甥jo66ers,sc〃0ol0perator懇』 Name………………………………………….、ミ
clubs,zvriteforspecialsalesカノ"蹄． OHomeAddres8．、−．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．・・．．．。．．．．・・．｡．−

CityandState..…………………..……..………
NameofCompany………………….….…………．・
TESTRITEINSTRUMENTCOMPANY
0Occupation．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．。．．．．．．．．．．．…−
59East11thStreet NewYorkCity ：
《Bo
oks
sen
ton
app
rov
aﾙt
ore
tai
lpu
rch
ase
rsi
nU.
S.
o n l y . ） L
a
ndC
ana
d③こ
蔀 0
AV班5-1-31E
O 0
，画■■■■■■■■■■−■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■､画■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■車■■■■車■■■■.．.．.．..L亘
 FORJUNE.193 P
age
Sev
ent
y-n
ine

一一一
−

NEW1931FLYAWAYPRICE CHURCHMIDWING mi0

NOW$890.0宮 ill'』砺皿
YVAS9？届.00
一一
》
〔
雰弓
鞍 一 一
_=一.一一一一=−−一？．…∼

一、一
一一ぷ ︾ 迄

ﾑｰ.一塁舎室一一
：︸

− 一
ｖ汐

NEWCOMPLETEKIT
NowReadyforonlyS190.00
W
eld
edf
use
lag
ean
das
eto
fbu
ilt
upw
ing
rib
s
wi
tha
llm
ate
ria
l”c
ons
tru
ctt
hes
hm，
eve
nmc
lud
ing
thG
new
“st
i;1
,1u
mi】
】um
str
eam
lin
Bd輔
S
A
&
U
y
f
o
f
u
h
o
a
W
v
X
e
t
e
o
"
d
o
o
'
=
i
r
V
o
^
w
^
i
s
v
t
.
o
p
e
u
l
t
y
d
o
c
u
r
.
s
1
h
i
i
p
n
t
o
^
g
c
e
r
t
h
a
e
t
r
・
e
Y
1
o
u
.
e
f
a
e
n
'
e
t
l
g
o
.
w
^
r
o
-
n
}
g
w
,
i
^
t
h
^
t
t
^
hi
s
.
c
u
o
m
a
p
r
l
e
e
･
t
轍
e
錨1溌慨etouo畷綴｡縦;強塑#灘-蕊乎需熱p鮮職M寵｡盟溌.将eprint，ジ
w
i
t
h
ea
d
l
g
mn
p
･
Y
o
Au
c
A
1
5
1
5%
D
％i
s
c
o
’
iu
n
t
sa
l
l
c
oo
w
e
ud
o
n
n
te
a
c
ah
g
r
l
lo
u
p
o.
S
e
n
w
ed
1
0
dc
l
o
o
nr
i
l
“l
u
s
C
ht
r
a
gt
e
d
x
'b
o
o
Ck
l
e
u
pt
.
a
･r
t
b
u
S
en
d
i
nn
g
y
d
1o
u
r
0o
w
n
c
fP
l
a
on
o
f
r
io
x
・
la
s
l
i
l
u”
e
sa
s
s
1
い
'1
〃
8
秘．
t
edb
ook
l“鴬
CHURCHAIRPLANE&MANUFACTURINGCO
ChicilKO.nilnoifl
Dept.GO.4811NevadaStreet
=＝＝＝＝ﾆｰｰｰ一一一三＝‐−−−
GLIDERCLUBNEWS
(Continuedfrompage46)
｜‐JULY1-SEPTEMBER亘
ofthemostpopularunitsheingtheglider
g
rou
p・A
gli
der
isn
owb
ein
gbu
ilt
whi
ch
willsoonbereadyforflight.
Theclubisalsooperatedonabusi-
nesslikebasis・Theyhavebeenappointed
asthe
distribut
orsforNor
thernIlli
nois,bj
theNicholas-BcazleyAirplaneCompany.
Thesocialendo[theclubisunderthe
s
upe
rvi
sio
nof
the
ent
ert
aii
nnc
ntc
omm
itt
ee.
Thiscommitteeconsistsofmembersofthe illu.slrations,commercialdesigns,

chibandfromtimetotimeget-together 綴.cartoonも｡舗鳥認乎錨噌測e脇識篭
neld--andi¥field^vhereverybigmoneyis
partie
sarehel
d. i;l;idiypaidanyonewhocanproducegood
TheEdgewaterFlyingClubisownedand art^vork．Advertisei's,magazines,news-

o
per
ate
dby
its
mem
ber
s・T
hcv
sel
ect
the
ir R洲甚d'T珊鶏珊溌悪:蹄霞e儲駕溌篭
LYMANVOELPEL
2026$瓦⑨⑪VerA11e.Belroit,Mich噂乱】1
ownofficersanddirectorsandanymem-
beroftheclubiseligibletoholdanoffice
溌蕊淵&撫捌can迩鵬I夢説捌畠
I'nterthis"wnrld'.smostfascinating,best
T
hro
ugh
the
spl
cnd
i<l
co-
ope
rat
ion
ofi
ts 】
iii
iid
buK
ine
ss.
g,
一
一

membersandofficersithasgrowntobe NewEasyWayToLearnToDr･aw
t
h el
argestf
lyingcl
ub in
Illinoi
sandthe Youwillbe.imazcdattheeasewithwliichyou
o
nlyorgan
ization
intheUnit
edState
sthat
PLYWooD is
offer
ingcomp
leteaer
onautic
altrain
ing
lem'n-amazed，too．“yourrapidprogresS・You
stal,twiththeverysimplestfundamentals,yet
.-ilmofitbefoi,eyourcaliKGit，yiiuaretaught,the
atcost.
FOR miithndsofi)i'DduGiMgsalablework．xt，Bactu副
Theclub'sobjectiveistomerelypayop- funleaniiiiiTtodrawthisway.Youlearnat
home,yelyourworkreeeivesthepergonalat-
AIRCRAFTCONSTRUCTION cratingexpensesandtoestaiilishareputa- tcutionandcriticismofartistswho側ﾕem8elvee
havemadesUcceSSesmthigneld･亜anystudentg
tionofhavingitsgraduatesandmembers .ii'tunllysellenoughworkduringtheirtrainine
Birch,Alder,Mahogany, rankamongthehighestinthefieldof topayforitmanytimesover!
1/32"andup
aviation.
Wealsospecializeincommercialbirch MailCouponForFREEBOOK
plywoodspeciallywaterproofgluedfor Anowhandsomelyilhislratedbookhasjustbeen
aircraftpurposes.
pl,iiUcd,whichgivesallthemostiip-to-datoin-
EUROPEANWOODPRODUCTSCO., NEWCE皿咽GPROJECTOR form拠倣ononthethonsandsofwonde㎡nloP‐
Inc、
pnrtunitiesinCommercialArtandshowshow
thisstartlingnewmethodeasilyenablesyouto
(Co"緬醐icdf1．oinpage53) enter社1isneld・エttensaboUtourBtUdentS−−
401FourthAvenueNewYorkCity theil，successes−whntlheyga訂一actu狐repro・
Theindicator,msteadofthecus- ductiol】softheirwork一howtheymadebig
moiifwwhilestudying'-Thisattractivebook
tomarypieceofbrassbar,consistsofa willbesentwithoutcostorobligation.Send
lengthofbronzetubingwithcross-hairs fo1、it．亜ailthecoUponnow、
REALWARTIME ateachend,similartoatelescopicrifle
WashingtonSchoolofArt
AIRPLANE sight.Asmallchromiumplatedmirror
Dept.101-Q,llirS-lSth8t．N･TV.，
PROPELLERS isplacedattheendsothatreadingsof Waghi加窓ton，，．C･
anyheightmaybemadefromanupright
8'6"LONG p
osi
tio
n.
■■■■■■画■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■＝画■■■■■■E−

1.VushingtoiiSohnolofArt
(AsIllustrated)
Inaddition,theWestinghousealidade. nept，101-Q,lllfi-inthSt･繭．W,，
$1.98EACH likeasurveyor'stransit,hasabuilt-in Wftshinttton,D.C.

Theymakedandyorna- crosstestspiritlevel,whichgivesacon- Pleasesendmewithoutcostorobligationyour

】】ii;wbookonart."ArtforPleasureandProfit,"
ment量．Senddimefor slantaccuratecheckonthevertical,mak- anddetailsofyourspecialoffer.
l爵概粥鑑鮮e瞳“． ingiteasytomaintaintheinstrumental-
Name．．。．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、
waysinperfectadjustment.
KARLORT P1easewx･iteplainly瓦r､,.Mrs.,orMiss
TheWestinghouseceilingprojector
(JI8WestPoplarStreet Address．．．．．．，．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、
Y《》rlK．r⑯n弧sylvnnm‘
hasbeenadoptedasstandardbythe
UnitedStatesWeatherBureau. Cit,v、−．．．．．．．．‘．．．．．．．．．．．、State．．．．、．．
言

P
age
Eig
hty NATIONALGLIDERANDAIRPLANENEWS

⑪配nmｦSL⑪ⅧESTPR■①GS
3Ⅱ⑪町配糧UPPLYSERV■①E" −

AIRSEALBALSA ALUn血NUnX亜UBX繭G
ScientificBal8aWoodIsthelightestand
bestBalsagrownandisimportedfrom
SonthAmcric⑬．班bdelaeroplaneexperts
秦懸垂;龍”蕊鍵 rLA爾亜EALSA
%outsidediam.perft.,,．．．．．．．、．．、07
3^16outsidediam.perft10
綴織懲蕊灘織灘灘卿縛灘灘灘

ateverycomerofthe窓】ob⑧havengedour 36〃lengths WASHn配S

一種一掴ユ２
一こし﹄、︿Ｕ
Balsaforboththeirflyinなnndscalemodels. lエユ脇．．．．．．．．．、,222x3．．．．．． Washers14forlightindoormodels
ScientificBalsaWoodisKilnBrlcd-strait 1x2．．．．．．．．．、2，72韮6．．．．．． perdoa．．．．．．．．．Oﾕ兇→ergrosS.．．．．．．、ﾕ5

１２
g西nined8加唾,e8peciallypreparedandcutto 1x3．．．．．．．．．、353X3．．．．．． Washers!/!foroutdoormodels
convexnentng乱bl⑧､gizeg． 1x6．．．．．．．．．、603x6．．．．．． perdoz．．．．．．．．、0ﾕ兇司〕ergross．．．．．．．．15
００００００００００００００００００００００００００００００００００００００００００００００００００１１１０１３２

ｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｉｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｌｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆｆ士ｆｆｆｆｆｆｆＺ王ｆｆｆｆｆ玉ｆｆｆｆｆｆｆ２ｆｆ２ｆｆｆ
唾唾函砿、唾唾砿唾唾画砿画唾唾唾、唾、砿唾唾唾唾唾唾唾ｍｍｍ唾鉦砿唾唾唾唾唾ｍｍｍ唾、”唾砿唾、欧唾味唾唾唾唾砿、唾唾唾唾睡唾唾唾唾唾唾匪
１１十才４劃Ｌ２我穏抄３１−１︽２３１−１−１︷１︷２２負託○３３３４︷ワー１２２２３３４︽４房◎１３３３４童Ｄ３﹄、﹄、−，６︽ご︽ＵＲ︶ウ具Ｕ︽ＵへＵ９７ｎ苫、

︽Ｕ−Ｕ↑Ｕ０Ｃ二・今上一ｚｇ︽Ｕ−Ｕ−基ｚＧ−ＵｃｃＺ二・今回・一一語雷君電宮寺．吉“雪・今竜．今．黄些更汚工一為ｚｃｚ２罵雷毒ｚ一落雷︽だ一通↑ろｇＢｚ寿雷ｚ−ｚ−逓００−Ｕ吾川︷２２竺・＋２２章晶勺︽弔坐Ｚ２
一，一、⑥一，一斤一言︼⑪四唾二勅云哩・菅・口ら。⑪忌一砂一Ｕ−ｒ−・真・苫Ｕ−ｒ−⑨う一・ピーｑ一面ざ３５︸ＵＤＵ藍一Ｕ−Ｕ⑪・鷺・︼Ｕ⑨晶三二⑨⑰一・︼．︺．﹀Ｕ生５−・苧ＤＵＯＯ壷・諺い、３．Ｕ戸Ｄ０５ら塁う５
s政廻皿mALUB血NU班

ｂ。●●●●●●、①■ＧＢ●◆■●●■。●０●０号●●●■●●尋●。●●●●●●●●●●■ｇ◆●●●町●ｅ●■●●■●●︲◆。■●●旬●●■
EAn'、OO
Strait-grainedno-knotbamboo. 12"wide.005perft．．．．．．．．．．．．、．．、13
．0エOperrt．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、20
1/I6x!4xl5.．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
％兇兇脇兇脇脇妬随雌雌

PerdozGn，−．．．．．−．−．．．．．−．．．‐‐‐ 睡亙歴US睡逓EA配XNGS
VeIT1ight，
Jjarfresize.03.5holeeach．．、O2-perdoz．．．、20
Smallsize・O25holもeach．．、o2-perdoz．．．、20
STILLGOINGSTRONG SCI羽Ⅳ配XmC“EXrE配弧”nUBBEn
Scientilieallypreparedbytheworld'slarccet
manufacturerofmodelaeroplanerubber.
Foursiz“、

誰輔;塞難灘蕊無灘弱
.'J/lSflat2鋤．for，01225ft･skeingl・o0
DUnmI叉配ADIAXj廻NGXN皿S
I)cylinderdummywhirlwindmotorsmadeof
celluloid3〃mdiam･andvcrj'lipht,each．．．、33
nZUSXCVVx配E
strong.liEht,usedbyeverymodelbuilder.
Sizes:.014,.030..028..0;i4:15ft.lor.05
X』OC亜豆血皿DSXnXUS−−CO画S配nUC盛10瑚 IrXT Wecarryafulllineofplansformodelaero-
ユ8〃WingSpread. planes.10ceach:3for25c.
C⑪ntent80f五itg FCI到冠:erAmphibian.LockheedVEffa.S･通、5Brit、
Allwoodpartscuttosize．Allwire paItS
１

formed.Tubeofcement,rubbermotor,
pitchpropellerblock,ti8sue,andfullsize plan．
Packedinanattractivebox.
Postpaid91,00
JAPANnSnSUrE恥rXN皿睡XSSU胃E
ExtraSuperFineTissue．Usedbyexpert
modelbuildersalloverthecuontry.
Sheet18x24．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．08
玄OS旺盃OSI工遮寵ISSUE
Amewtigsue･
Sheet18x24．．．．．．．．．．‘．．．．、O7
JArA爵廻SE亜XSSU皿
Forthecommercialship.
Sheet201^x24^..．．．．．．．．．、o5
SCALE］IODULTISSUE
Formodelsthataretobecoveredwithcolored
doPeS･
Sheet21x25..．．．．．．．．2for、o5
JArA茸ES皿nXSSU狸
Sheet1914x241,4．．．．．．．．．．．．O生
丞皿XNrOnCmD豆EAV叉DU掘立WX爾刀麺ng
eaCh．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、35
BANANALIQUID
２
isihPursuitPlane.StinsonCityofChicago･亜any
true morearetobeaddedtothis1iBt･
WealHohavethecompletelineofA班廼.A･
ScaleModelplans.Eachdrawing1bapproxi-
mately34"X44〃・
BoemgP-12Pursuit、20Stinsonエ〃coming'．．20
TouehtCorsair．．．、.30WacoTaperWing．．20
FokkerF-10．．．．．．．20玉ockheedSiriuB．．、20
LoekheedVega．．．．、20‘
Wearedistributorsforthefollowingmode】
aeroplanecompanies.Orderyour,kitedirectかom
usandreceivethemquicker.Allbitsareenl
po8tpaid･
GeorgeD･Wanner&Co.,MadisonModelAero-
pIanes･RodWingAeroCo･ONa極on皿班odelAir・
craft&SupplyCo..,Inc・ずCleveland］riodel&Sup-
plyCo..,Inc...u.s･modelAircraftCo..,Southern
ModelAircraftSupplyCo.，班matureAir唾aft
Corp..GrantAircraftCo.、瓦odelAviator画od・
ucts,IdealModelAeroplaneSupplyCo.，Biltmore
ModelAircraftSupplyCo.,,HawkModelAero-
pianos.ModelAeroplaneShop.SellyMfg･CO.，
CollinsPlowCo.,Count】訂ClubAeroSupplyCo..
PioneerModelAirplaneSupplyCo･..CrescentModel
Airplane.
StreamlinePantB”ke8anywheelfrom1〃to
蝿t鮮協Inper総綴｡呼撫.郷.淵
N.A.C.A.Cowlings(blackcelluloid),each．．．23

2oz･bt．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．08
１１

Featherweightcompresgedairmoto”･
Finishedtank.t"x3"x20"with3cyhndermo-
n丁銅A配DOrE tormounted・毎“tedreadFforuse．
Thisisgenuinemodelaeroplaneexpertsdope
兇
００００００００００００
１２３３４５３生生生生９

S6..98completeAmericaﾉS1owestpri“．
thinneddowntomeetthereauirementsofmodel manksforanmodelairm蕊neg．sx3x20〃p戒“．
airplaneusage. $4.00：3x3x24"．＄壬.,50:3x.1x30"．55.00．
2oz･bt．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、10
Perpt．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、75 Finishedmotors(endorsedbyAirCommerce

COLOEnDDOrE 蹄｡謡脱"需幾幾淵協総，職牢t塁患
Realpigmentedair画･aftdope.Donotcon- 7.000revolutionsperminute.Completereadyto
u8ethiswithdopesofinferiorquality・Color6： boattachedtotank53.36.
InternationalOrange.GalateaOrange,Fokker Americfi'slowestpriceforaknockdownmo-
戦⋮︾

Red.SpartanGreen,Silver.LoeningYellow.Cur- torkit.allpartsarcreadytobeaaeembled.
亜蛇Ｅ姥泡兇

tisslilue.B1ack.While. Theyaredrilled,formedandshapedtocorrect
size･工setcomplete．．．．．．．．．、3．．．．．．．．．99
迦蕊篭瀦欝駕皿鯛網瀦璽

S…Ⅳ亜X正江CDOrE唾HXNⅣ廻混
聯５群，６９動５５０唖
９ｐｐｐｐｐｐユ４２ユユ唾・

2oz．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、O8
pt．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、60 x､瑞瀞淵熟:淵鼎酔翻甥淵野冊蕊甥§
脇兇脇

complywithinstructionsbelow.
００１０１２０２１２

AC皿TO薗乃
６９９７００９８戸、１
鵠辛巽器駕亜芯〃怨狗蛇暁諺乃潅％
・・・・・・・・・。Ｓｘｘｘ工工工ｘ

ﾕ･一OrdersunderS.25willnotbeaccepted.
︻＆寺・・・△．：．．１１１ニュー１１

Tothinoutyourheavierliquids. 2−AddS､15forpackingandpostageonorders
2oz．．．．．：．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、08

雲
upto1.50．
pt．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．.．．，．．．．、60
Onordersof1.51andoveradd10percentfor
A孔仔睡丞⑪mT packingandpostagecharges.
GenumeA1nbroidmanufacmredbythewondB 3−公dd10cextratoabovechargesonbalsablank
1argestmakersofambroid，Usedexdu8ivelyby ordersleBsthanS1.50westofthe班i8Bis8ippi
thebestmodG1bunder8． andCanad&、
2oz．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、15 3−PostagegtampB，CanadianorForeignComnot
acceptedaspayment.
COLO配皿SSC翻孔IIE画『r 5韮emitbycheck,postalorexpressmoney
塞察
ｒ脇兇

Atlastcolor1e8scementthatis狐litghould order.MakepaymenttoScientificModelAir-
丑辛亜亜唖亜恥恥
Ｏ・・・・・・・
垂・
将皿皿

be.UsedbyexpertsatDetroit. planeC0..22壬226BergenStreet.Ⅳewark,面.J、
姥兇
。．
随謝調調％調％

５６７７６５６
ｘｘヱｘｘｘｘ

2oz．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、15 6韮ad1andevewartiC1ePurOhaSedかOmn8ig
垂︽塁１二弾２２
皿龍
・・

guaranteedtobeofthehigheststandard.
嘩 皿皿
・・

CnmULOIDW面嗣、T』B 7−qAllorderswillbeshipped3hoursafterre-
・・・。・

Lightestandstrongestwheelsformodelaero- cei沖ingthexn，
皿龍

planes,bushingsincluded. 8--Ordel･aamountingtoS生.O0andoverareBent，
““

鐙 綴.pr10 S
淵翌､
tam
pfo
rla
tes
tsu
厘皿e
r“‘
鍬｡暦
c｡n
．
。

3diam．、｡．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．、30 tainingwond,slowe8tmodelaeroplaneprices．

SCIENTIFICMODELAIRPLANECO.,224-226BergenSt.,Newark,N，J、
Dealersandα↑め.s”ﾉ･"EforS,ｼecialPγiceL,恋j，
 − 一 ‐

E ＝

ロヂロガ-厘一壷二

．−-一二二一詞- -−

壱一・ﾛ−．..‘_.･･････､0．−−一一口き＝盲寺寺.−−
− 一 一 グ

Clubso
fyoungmen
arepooling
their
籾i澱霞:腰:肘雛跳織搬灘鵬贈撚9職網 f
oftheoccasion.areusingth
a
u
e
r
n
m
e
d
s
i
u
s
t
n
i
o
n
o
p
g
b
r
t
t
e
h
e
a
f
m
i
n
i
A
e
n
e
r
p
r
e
r
o
e
n
n
f
c
c
e
a
e
r
e
s
n
.
S
t
c
p
o
e
o
t
r
h
o
t
e
t
s
h
e
m
i
i
e
n
r
N
ear
ly200p
rivat
elyow
nedAe
ronca
smom
ro
e
er
xe
pe
exp
ne
sn
is
vi
ev
ye
ay
ca
hc
th
st
,s
a,a
uu
tt
oo
mm
oo
bb
ii
ll
ee
s,.
p
lan
e・Yett
herec
reati
onalp
ossi
bili- a
refur
nishin
gequall
yvaried
andor
so
pr
es
ep
de
bed
ob
ao
ta
st
.s
A.
vA
iv
aia
tt
ii
o o
n
sn
sc
ch
ho
oo
ol
ls
sa
arre
t
ieso
fflying
hadap
pealed
sost
rongly c
are
freep
leas
ureto
their
owne
rsal
lada
od
p
to
p
it
ni
g n
g
t
ht
eh
me
fm
ofo
rr
_t
tr
ra
ai
in
nii
nn
gg
..
I
In
ns
sh
ho
ort.
ohimth
athestudiedva
rioustyp
es t
overtheUnitedStates.Totheseen-th
he
eA
Ae
er
ro
on
nc
ca
a,
,w
wh
hi
ic
ch
hl
la
as
st
ty
ye
earpio-
a
ofplanesformanymonths.After
c
ons
ide
rab
lei
nve
sti
gat
ion
hed
eci
ded
toownanAeroncabecauseitcom-
毒
r
ec
u
r
ea
猫
t
io
雛
n
-a
g
r
ec
職
r
eat
i
:
on
v
職
as
t
繍
ly
m
i
or
e
爵
wi
de
藍
m
ar
恐
g
in
晶
a
st
撫
h
Cl
職
e
ad
職
e
ri
:
n
it
認
s
cl
溌
a
ss・
binedallth
efeatures
necessary
tothe enjoyablethananythingtheyhavePricesanddetailsoftheAeronca
enjoymentoff
lying-extre
mesa企t）
easeofhandling,ruggc
dnessofcon- e
ver
tri
ed,y
etsu
rpri
sing
lyd
evo
ido
fsi
ngl
e-se
ater
ortw
o-se
ate
rwi
llb
e
structionandeconom
yofoperation. a
nyp
hysi
calh
azard
.Bes
tofa
ll,
the
fur
nish
edpr
omptl
yupo
nreq
ues
t.
expenseofthisnewsportismuch
Assoonastheshipwasdeliveredhe lessthanthatofowningamotorAERONAUTICALCORPORATION
orgotabouthisorangesand,tothe boat,asaddlehorse,orevenofbe-OFAMERICA
surp
pr
ri
is
se
eo
of
fe
ev
ve
er
y
ro
yn
oe
n,
e,beganflying longingto,ahigh-classgolfclubLUNKENAIRPORT-CINCINNATI,OHIO
alone-af[eronlvthreehoursofin−
StruCtlOn･

NowJimMcmberyisseenallover
centralFloridainhisAeronca.He 淳 一

flysfromtowntotownforthepure
exultationofit.Hegetsupearlyin
themorningtogreetthesunriseat
5,000fe
et.Hefliesl
ateintheeve
ning
-atimewhcntheairismostquict，
theskvismostbrilliant,andtheurge
tof
lyispr
actic
allyi
rresi
stibl
e.
Theabovephotographtypifiesthe
exhilarationwhichthisprominent
Floridi
anderivesf
romhisindul
gence
inthisnewsport.Whilethewater-
boundracingboatshurtlemostpre-
cariouslvoverthethrill-creating
／ｊｊ、匙
一

ASHIPYOUCANLAND

ONYOURLAWN!

＆-雪

§
B戸濁

鷺
︾
ー■P−…

鯛
＝
琴■、■---

画鰯,同 ‘蝋・磯 氏
_忠

﹃函一型
愚

病
評蕨

653

一 F
霧だ

一 唾 一
＝ 一

● " ＝ 一 ● グ ー ー ‐ ▽ F ご 一
一 一 奔塞…象・＝ず亘雲諒壷毒苦睦寺･季.当一・蕃引

Here'sashipwhichhopsupfromalargesizedlawn roadster・Itsslowlandingspeedof30m・P.1..andex-
...climbs600feelaminute…strikes80milesanhour tremelynimbleoperatingeaseonornearlireground.
...cruisesal70forhoursalatime…handlessoeasily m
ake
itj
ust
the
shi
pfb
ryo
u｡●
Dev
elo
ped
bya
via
lio
I,←
t
hat
beg
inn
ers
hav
ema
ste
red
ilw
ith
ina
day
,ye
tco
sts
but l
ead
ing
eng
ine
ers
,th
isn
ewp
lan
ebe
nef
tsb
yal
lCu
I･t
iss
‐
twocentsamiletoflyandonly$1490to6iげ！●And Wrighthaslearnedinbuildingitsvaried,victorion.-
theJUNIORasksnofavorsofyou,needsnohigh-priced aeel．●GotoyourCurtiss-Wrightdealer，s・Lookthe
pampering,presentsnohangarorserviceproblems. JUNIORoverpointbypoint.Getin…andflyilyourself!
Parkitout,putitinashed,it'salwaysreadytoupand
g
o・S
imp
let
ota
keo
ff,
fly
,an
dla
nd,
the
JUN
IOR
i
s
b
u
a
i
s
h
l
t
i
a
p
t
n
d
h
r
a
t
e
s
y
p
o
u
o
n
n
s
g
S
i
v
t
e
e
唾
t
o
l
t
i
k
h
e
e
c
.
●
o
n
Y
t
e
t
r
o
i
l
r
S
s
t
s
h
o
s
a
t
t
v
u
r
e
t
d
e
i
l
r
a
y
n CURTISS-WRIGHT
AIRPLANECOMPANY
p
ilo
tsf
ind
ane
wjo
yin
fly
ing
.Du
een
tir
ely
toi
ts
p
ush
ert
ype
con
str
uct
ion
,an
dra
ey,
ref
ine
dde
sig
n. ROBERTSON,MISSOURI

theJUNIORoHersvisihililvaSclearasfroma FACTORIESr ST.LOUIS,MO.WICHITA,KAN