Bound morphemes in the form of Infixes:

Definition of Infixes:
Morphemes that are inserted into other morphemes are called infixes.
Examples:
Certain words can be pluralized using "s"as an infix.
Cupful------cupsful
Spoonful---spoonsful
Passerby---passersby
Other examples include:
Unrewritable--- {re} is used as an infix.
Cleanliness------ {li} is used as an infix.
These are the examples of bound morphemes that are added to other
morphemes in the form of infixes.

Bound morphemes in the form of Circumfixes:

Definition of Circumfixes:
Morphemes that are attached to a base morpheme both initially and finally are
called circumfixes.
These are sometimes called discontinuous morphemes.
Examples:
Enlighten
Unfortunately
Uneducated
Disadvantageous
These are the examples of bound morphemes that are added to other
morphemes in the form of circumfixes.

ROOTS, STEMS AND BASE:

Root:
A root is a morpheme in a word that gives the word its principle meaning.
Examples:
Some examples of English roots are paint in painter, read in reread, ceive in
conceive and ling in linguist.
A root may or may not stand alone such as in the above examples (paint and
read) can stand alone while (ceive and ling) can’t.
The process of word formation:
When a root morpheme is combined with an affix, it forms a stem.
Examples:
root system noun
stem system + atic noun + suffix
systematic
stem un + system + atic prefix + noun + suffix
unsystematic
stem un + system + atic + al prefix + noun + suffix + suffix
unsystematical
word un + system + atic + al + ly prefix + noun + suffix + suffix +
suffix
unsystematically

With the addition of each new affix, a new stem and a new word are formed.
Linguists sometimes use the word base to mean any root or stem to which an
affix is attached. In the preceding example, system, systematic, unsystematic
and unsystematical are bases.

BOUND ROOTS:
Bound roots do not occur in isolation and they acquire meaning only in
combination with other morphemes.
For example:
The bound root {-ceive} can be found in different combinations where a prefix
is added that is also a bound morpheme.
Words of Latin origin such as receive, conceive, perceive and deceive share a
common root, ceive;
The bound root {-mit} can be found in different combinations where a prefix is
added that is also a bound morpheme.
The words remit, permit, commit, submit, transmit and admit share the root
mit.
For the original Latin speakers, the morphemes corresponding to ceive and mit
had clear meanings, but for modern English speakers, Latinate morphemes
such as ceive and mit have no independent meaning. Their meaning depends
on the entire word in which they occur.
Complications:
A similar class of words is composed of a prefix affixed to a bound root
morpheme.
Examples are ungainly, but no *gainly; discern, but no *cern; non-plussed, but
no *plussed; downhearted, but no *hearted.
The morphemes huckle, when joined with berry, has the meaning of a berry
that is small, round and purplish blue; luke when combined with warm has the
meaning “somewhat”. Both these morphemes and others like them are bound
morphemes that convey meaning only in combination.

DERIVATIONAL MORPHOLOGY:
Derivational morphology, in linguistics, is the process of forming a new word
from an existing word, often by adding a prefix or suffix, such as un- or –ness
etc.
For example:
Unhappy and happiness are derived from the root word happy.
Derivational morpheme:
In morphology, a derivational morpheme is an affix or a bound morpheme that
is added to a word to create a new word or a new form of a word.
Examples:
The addition of –ify to pure—purify means “to make pure” and the addition of
–cation to purify—purification means “the process of making pure” are the
examples of derivational morphemes.
We must have a list of derivational morphemes in our mental lexicons as well
as the rules that determine how they are added to a root or stem.
Derived word:
A form that results from the addition of a derivational morpheme is called
derived word.
Or
A new word in a language that is formed by the addition of a derivational
morpheme is called derived word.
Explanation:
Derivational morphemes have clear semantic meaning. In this sense they are
like content words, except that they are not words. Derivational morphemes
can change the grammatical category of a word i.e. when a derivational
morpheme is added to a base; it adds new meaning or function.
Examples:
 Verb into adjective:
When a verb is suffixed with –able, the result is an adjective.
For example:
verb suffix adjective
desire able desirable

 Adjective into verb:

When an adjective is suffixed with –en, a verb is derived.
For example:
adjective suffix verb
dark en darken

 Adjective into noun:

When an adjective is suffixed with –ness, a noun is formed.
For example:
adjective suffix noun
tall ness tallness