Phan tich va lya chon cdc phwong phap tinh hé sé nén 1.Mé diu H6 s6 nén la ty s6 gitta lye don vi va chuyén vi tong tng. Hé so nén 1a mét trong nhimng dic trung quan trong cua dit nén phan dnh site chiu tai va bién dang cua dit nén. Thyc té hg $6 nnén Ta ham phi tyén, phy thuse vio cap 46 tai, phuong thie gia tai, logi dat, kich thude eau kign tée dung vio dat. M6 hinh hod tong téc coe- dit nén nhur sau: ~ Coe duge mé hinh bing mét hode nhiéu thanh thing néi voi nhau tai cde ndit sao cho phi hop véi dic tung hinh hgc tong img cia coc thye. - Thay dat nén bang cc lién két dan héi tai cde diém sao cho phit hgp véi su thay doi cia dat nén va tinh chat kim vige cua ege. - Té hop cae diém chia theo coc va theo dit. 2. Cac phuong phdp tinh hé sé nén. 2.1. Phuong php tra bing. 2.1.1. Quy trinh 22TCN 18-79: Bang tra nay thurng ding cho thiét ké méng cgc theo K.X. Zavriey. Trong bang tra nay, z (an) la d6 sau lop dat. Ten dit Wz (thm’) 1. Sét va sét pha cat déo chay; bin 100-200 2. Sét pha cat, cat pha sét va sét déo mém; cat | 200-400 bui va roi 3. Sét pha cat; edt pha sét va sét déo cimg; cat | 400-600 hd va trung binh 4. Sét pha cat; cat pha sét va sét ctimg va cat tho | 600-1000 5. Cat Hin s6i; dit hon lin 1000-2000. 2.1.2. LE.Bowles Bang tra nay ding dé xac dinh ky cho méng coc. Ten dit k (MN/m‘) 1. Set; cat chat 220-400 2. Cat thd va chat vita 157-300 3. Cat trun, 110-280 4, Cat min; cat bot 80-200 5, Sét ciimg (dm) 60-220 6. Sét cing (bio hod) 30-110 7. Sét déo (dm) 39-1408. Sét déo (bao hod) 10-80 9. Bin sét 2.40 2.2. Phirong php tinh theo céc cong thire nén- méng. 2.2.1, Theo céng thite Terzaghi: k, = 24(€Ne + yDN,+0.4yBN,) Trong do: Ke: hg s6 nen cc: lye dinh cia dat y: Trong luong riéng cud dit phia trén diém tinh k, (p: gée ma sat trong cita dat D: chiéu sau tinh ky B: bé rong coc. Cée gid tri N.; Ny: Ny, tra biing theo @ 2.2.2. Theo céng thike Vesic: 130 JEW _E, B (er, (-4") Trong a6: k: hé s6 dan hoi B: Bé rong coc Epl,: DO cimg chéng uén ctia coe. 1: Hé s6 poat x6ng ctia dat nén Gia tri p= 0.3 6 thé xem 1a tuong déi chinh xae cho cde truimg hyp. Eg: M6 dun dan hoi dat nén. (kg/cm); N: Tri sé SPT 2.2.3. Tinh theo gid tri SPT: .95N (MN/m°) cho dat rei k,= L.04N(MN/m*) cho dit dinh. Trong de N: gid trj SPT wung binh B: bé rng coc. 2.2.4. Tinh theo mé dun bién dang nén, a) Hé sé nén tai mili coc theo phuong dimg tinh nhur sau: - Coe dimg: K,= a£,D“™*‘Trong do: theo phuong dime (kgf/em’*) 1 Ky: Hé s6 nén mui a: Hé sé didu chinh mii coc E, D: Duong kinh mii coe (em). E,: M6 dun bién dang nén (kgffen Ey=25N; (N: Gia tri xuyén tiéu chun). 'b) HE 86 nén doe than coc thdeo phurong dimg tinh nur sau: = Coc dong trong dat ri: k,, = 0.05 oE,D™*+ - Coe déng trong dat dinh: k,, = 0.1 aE,D** = Cgc khoan ni: k,, = 0.03 aB,D* k,: hé 36 nén théin cge theo phuong dimg (kgf/em') c) Hé sd nén ngang than coe tinh nw sau: ky = 0.2 aE.D*" ky: Hé 86 nén ngang than coc (kgf’em*). 3. Vi dy tinh toan theo cic phwong phap: 3.1. Sé ligu dia chat, nén mong: Tai ligu dia chat va nén mong nay duge tham Khao tir thiét ké chi tiét cau Quy Cao tai ly trinh Km 44,000trén Quéc 16 10 do Cng ty Tu van Nippon Koei, Louis Berger va Tety Tw van thiet ke GTVT (TEDI) thye hién. Ap dung céng thite tinh todn hé s6 nén theo mét sé phuong phap trén, ta cé két qua trong bing dudi day: Coc P4: Dai 44m, dinh 6 46 cao —2.00, ege khoan nhdi dudng kinh 1.00(m). Die trung dat nén, coe k(kN/m') BE rpng cge B1.00m | Bing The | Theo | Theo ‘TheoEo cao | 99 | N | Lop | 227CN spr | Terzagh | vec | kK, | Ky | Ky a | sau iit | 18-79) i 2 _|o |2 [+ |o 10000 | 2080 | 492.49 | 103409 | 3162.3 | azas | 31623 4 {2 [3 [4 [2000 | 10000 | 3120 | s630.89 | r604.04 | 47as.as | auisis | 4743.5 6 {4 |3 [4 [4000 | 000 | 1040 | s769.29 | r604.04 | 4ras.as | ai1as_| 473.5 {6 [3 [4 [600 | 100 | 3120 | 7907.69 | 1604.04 | 47as.as | r114s_| 4743.5 ao |s_|4 [4 [s000 | 10000 | 160 | 1016.1 | 2191.16 | e246 | s18.09 | e246 «12 {10 |2 [4 [10000 | 10000 | 2080 | 121845 | 103409 | s1623 | 4744s | s1023 a4 {12 |3 [4 [12000 | 10000 | 3120 | 143229 | r6o4.44 | arasas | ruisis | 4743s -1s {14 |7 [4 [14000 | 10000 | 7280 | t6461.3 | aor7.se | 11068.1 | 166021 | 11068 -s {is [9 (4 {16000 | 10000 | 9360 | 185907 | s274.78 | 142s0.4 | 234s | 14230 20 [1s [6 [4 [18000 | 10000 | s240 | 2078.1 | 3399.69 | 0486.9 | 142304 | 9486.9 22 [2 [6 [+ [20000 | 10000 | s240 | 228765 | 3399.69 [0486.9 [142304 | 9486.92 |s [4 [22000 | 0000 [3120 | asor49 | reos.s4 | azasas | rinsis | 47435 24 |s_|4 | 24000 | 10000 | 3120 | a7sa3_| reos.s4 | azasas | insis | 4743s 26 lis |4 | 26000 | 10000 _| rse00 | 29291.7 | o17a.1_| 29707 | ass7s0 | 23717 30 [2s [16 | sh [6000 | 1s000_| 16640 _| s28104 | 9837.96 | 25208.4 | 379476 | 25208 -32 |30 [14 | sb [60000 | 1s00_| ra4ss0_| s49488 | 8512.95 | 22136.1 | sx2042 | 22136 -34 |32 [a1 | sp [64000 | 15000 | 21840_| 370872 | 132083 | 322042 | sonne2 | 33204 36_|34_|23 [7 | 130000 | 11000 | 23920 | s7es5.3_| 14576.3 | 363665 | sasao7 | 36306 38_|36 |27 | 7 | 144000 | 110000 | 28080 | 399837 | 17341.5 | 4291.4 | 6102.6 | 42091 -40_[38_[27 | 7 | 152000 | t10000 | 28080 | 4222.1 | 1741.5 | a2691.4 | 6103.66 | 42691 42 [40 [28 | 7 | r60000 | 110000 | 29120 | 442605 | 180383 | 442722 | cosas | 44272 44 [az [1s_|7 | 168000 | 110000 | 18720 | 463989 | 111769 | 28400.7 | 4260.11 | 28461 -46 [44 [3s_|7 | 17000 | 110000 | 36400 | 485373 | 22971.1 | 5530.3 | s301.04 | 55340 3.2. Két quai thie tai tinh. Két qua thir tai tinh coe néi trén duge tham khéo theo tai ligu ciia Vién Khoa hoc Cong nghé Giao théng van tai. Nhimg sé liéu chinh duge mé ta dusi day: 6 lan (mm) tinh theo cap tai (KN) Cap tai (kN) D6 lin dinh P4 Tri sé Thoi diém (mm) 2360 Chat tai 4.668 DB tai 2.235 2870 Chat tai 5.568 DB tai 2.238 3540 Chit tai 6.128 DB tdi 2.245 4310 Chat tai 7.998 3.753 3.3. Tinh theo mé hinh: M6 hinh coc don c6 cae lién két din hoi bé tri theo cae khong cach 2m céch tinh theo phuong phap mé dun bién dang nén. G6i din hdi gin vao coc duge tinh nhu sau: 1. Géi dan héi dig mili coc: Ky =k, . Ac, (Ar dign tich m Ky 9c) wv A, (A, dign tich xung quanh phan eve giita hai goi 2. Géi din hdi dig thin co dan hdi ngang). 3. Gi dan hoi ngang: Ky dan hdi ngang) hp ~-Anp (App dign tich hinh chiéu dimg cia phan coe gitta hai goiKét qua kiém tra cho t nén tinh céch nay khé sit voi két qua thtr rai. Bang chuyén vi (nm) theo tai trong thing dimg P(KN) tinh theo m6 hinh: Cap tai P (kN) ‘DO lin ciia coe P4 (mm) Tri sb ‘Tho diém 2360 ‘Theo mé hinh 5.170 ‘Theo thi nghiém, sai khde 4.668, +11% 2870 ‘Theo mé hinh 6.180 Theo thi nghiém, sai khic 5.568; 411% 3540 ‘Theo mé hinh 7.510 ‘Theo thi nghiém, sai khde 6.128; 422% 4310 Theo mé binh 9.030 ‘Theo thi nghiém, sai khée 7.998; 412% ~ Pham vi ap dung: quy mé dvr dn 16n nén tién hinh thi nghigm dé xac dinh gid tri hé sé né Cae phuong php cén lai dp dung theo sié ligu dia chit nio c6 d6 tin ey cao hon. ~ Phurong phip Iniin: M@t s6 phuong php c6 xét dén kich the cia coe. Ching ta déu biét khi thi nghigm xée dink bé s6 nén bing tim liin thi kich thude tm néa khfe nhau cho két qua hic nhau. Nhu vy cae phuong php ¢6 ké dén anh huong ciia kich thude ge 6 ¥ nghiai ly Juan chit ché hon. Mét sé nghién cifu chi ra ring hé sé nén ciia dit rOi thay d6i theo chidu sdu, d6i v6i dat dinh thi anh huéng nay khong dang ké. yy nén khi thiét ké, hé s6 nén cin phai duge tinh theo it nhit k {4 hia phuong co so dinh gid d6 tin cay cia hé s6 dua vio tinh toin. Trong trudng hyp 1igu mé ta dat thi ding phuong phap ta bang. Néu cé hinh try 16 khoan thi nén tinh theo SPT, Néu kh6ng c6 gid tri SPT hay E, thi tinh theo Terzaghi, Gini dogn thiét ké Phwong phap tinh hé sé nén Thidt ké so bd = Diing bang tra ~ Tinh theo céc chi tiéu co ly Thiet Ke chi tet ~Diing bang tra ~ Céng trinh quy md nho (C) - Tinh theo cde chi - C6ng trinh quy mé trung binh (B) a ~ Diing cfc bing tra dé d6i chiéu - Cho phép tién hinh thue nghiém néu ~ Céng tinh quy m6 Ién (A) - Tinh toan theo tai ligu dia chat dé d6i chiéu Nguon: Tap chi Cau dicng Viet Nam, sé 11/2006