Balance Of Payments

First of all, be clear that the data to be used in the following operations are the following:
Exports: 2018  292.063.2 million €
Imports: 2018  328,462.8 million €
GDP: 2018 1.202.193 million €

The following KPIs (key performance indicator), also known as a key indicator or performance
meter or key performance indicator, will be used.

Trade Balance
To calculate the Trade Balance you have to make the difference between imports and exports, to
find out if there is a deficit or surplus. With which the following data corresponding to 2018 are
obtained:

292.063.2 - 328.462.8 = -36.399.6 million €

Looking at the result of the Trade Balance, it can be said that Spain was in deficit.

Coverage Ratio
To calculate the Coverage Ratio, exports are divided between imports and the result is multiplied
by 100. Thus, with respect to the year 2018 in Spain, the following data are obtained:

(292.063.2 / 328.462.8) x 100 = 88.9%

With this result, the Coverage Ratio can be seen as being below 100%, Spain has more imports
than imports, and with respect to the economy is vulnerable and dependent on the international
and what is imported.

Opening Coefficient
To calculate the Opening Coefficient, we must add the exports plus the imports, after which we
divide it by the GDP. With all this, it is intended to find out how dependent an international trade
economy is, in this case the Spanish one, with all of this the following data are obtained for the
year 2018:

(292.063.2 + 328.462.8) / 1.202.193 = 0.516

With all the results obtained, it is observed how the economy of Spain in 2018 depends largely
on the number of exports that take place, which exceed imports.