NET ZERO BUILDING

PART I
PROJECT EXECUTION
&
SPECIAL FEATURES

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Back Ground
Ministry of Environment and Forests(MoEF) in the Govt. of India carries the responsibility
for planning, promotion, co-ordination and overseeing the implementation of India’s
environmental and forestry policies and programmes. Primary concerns of this Ministry
relate to conservation of country’s natural resources including its biodiversity, forests,
wild life and prevention/abatement of pollution besides conserving and nurturing the
natural environment of India. The Ministry housed in one of the buildings in CGO Complex
in New Delhi was allotted a plot of land, 9000 sqm in size for constructing their own
HQ office building in Aliganj area on Jor bagh Road. The site occupies advantageous
location in the city.

The building is named the ‘India Paryavaran Bhawan’ as homage to the pioneering vision
of our late beloved leader Smt. Indira Gandhi who gave paramount importance to the
protection and conservation of natural environment.

In accordance with the mandate of the Ministry, it is envisaged that the design of office
building shall be result of a design philosophy that focuses on increasing the efficiency
of resource usage i.e. energy, water and materials while minimizing the impact of the
building on Human Habitat and the Environment in general both during the construction
as well as during life cycles. This is intended to be done through careful site planning,
most appropriate building form, usage of materials which incorporate low embodied
energy operating efficiently, easy maintenance, very low effluent disposal and energy
production on-site. Needless to state, while meeting the above parameters requirement
of a ‘Green Building’ this building will be a state of art in modern amenities and comfort
with Intelligent Building Management System which optimizes the energy consumption
in the Government’s programme of building ‘Green’ and to act as a flag bearer. Towards
this purpose it was proposed to go in for highest green building rating of ‘5star’ of GRIHA
of MNRE (Ministry of New & Renewable Energy) and also ‘Platinum’ of LEED India of
Indian Green Building Council . The development cost of a Green Building is marginally
higher than a conventional building, but result in substantial savings at the operational
level, more than offset the increase in capital cost over its life cycle besides imposing
reduction in burden on the
natural environment.

It was with this mandate of

MOEF , that the Foundation
Stone was laid by Sh Pranab
Mukherjee, the then Finance
Minister ,Government of
India, on 19 Nov. 2009.in the
th

presence of Sh Jaipal Raddy,

Minister of Urban Development
and Sh Jairam Ramesh,Minister
Foundation Stone laying by Shri. Pranab Mukherjee, the Finance Minister
of Environment& Forests,

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Architectural Concept
• Priority for pededstrians in the front
with vehicular access on the sides.
• Appropriate building envelope
design by orientation specific
shading devices and envelope
insulation to reduce heat intake.
• Preservation of maximum possible
number of trees standing at site.
• Use of permanent, durable and local
materials such as sand stone on
exterior face, low heat transmission
glass, reflective roofing.
• Use of ECBC compliant designing
practices.
• Adoption of Universal design parameters to provide
barrier free movement for physically differently abled.
• Intelligent Building Management System to optimize
energy usage through Occupancy sensors, Fire
prevention and Fighting and Parking management.
• Highly sensitive Security System including access
control using bio metric smartcard readers. Radio
frequency Tags, CCTV surveillance etc.
• Reduction of conventional lighting load by ensuring
75% day-light use
• Generation of energy by deploying thin film transparent
PV modules on space frame over the terrace, central
court-yard and also the floor on southern side.
• Usage of high efficiency lighting fixtures, astronomical/
time switches and occupancy sensors.

The building is designed in such a way that there is free ventilation across the entire
building .The two blocks namely North Block and South Block of the building are
separated out to create a large central court yard and these Blocks are connected with
two connecting corridors having 20 meter spans above 4th floor level . In the middle
portion of the North block, huge entrance atrium is created with a clear height of 4
storeys .The waffle grid slab at 4th floor level of this north block is 22 m in diameter with
a central cutout of 4.6 m diameter . Similarly entrance in South Block has been provided
with clear four storeyed height. The Building has large span Trusses at terrace and
Space Frame in central courtyard to support Solar Panels .

The Building has also been provided with adequate no of shafts to enable smooth access
to various MEP Services.

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Approvals
The task of translating the mandate of MoEF into reality, was assigned to CPWD(Central
Public Works Department).

After obtaining the sanction of an enabling estimate for Rs 1,37,00,000 during Nov., 2009
initial surveys (topographical , geological ,etc)were conducted and conceptual plans were
prepared by the in house architectural wing of CPWD.Based on these conceptual plans,
preliminary estimates were submitted on 5th March, 2010 and A/A & E/S (Administrative
Approval & Expenditure sanction) was conveyed by MoEF on 15th June 2010, for Rs
128.63 Cr. Initially, the building was proposed to be with 2 basements and 8 storeyed
superstructure, with a total plinth area of 31000 sq.m.

Detailed architectural drawings and other technical documents were prepared and
approvals from various statutory and local authorities were obtained over a span of time
till Jan. 2011.

Approvals from the following authorities were obtained.

Sl. Depttartment Type of Approval Date of
No. Approval
1 Forest Department of Delhi Government Forest Clearance for tree cutting 16.04.2010
2 Ministry of Environment & Forests Environmental Impact assessment 05.01.2011
3 Delhi Fire Services Fire safety clearance 21.12.2010
4 Airports Authority of India Height clearance 24.05.2010
5 Revenue departmentof Delhi Govt Land use reclassification 20.10.2009
6 Archeological Survey of India Archeological clearance 19.04.2010
7 Delhi Urban Arts Commission (DUAC) Clearnce of urban concepts 05.01.2011
8 New Delhi Muncipal Council(NDMC) Clearance of building plans 13.01.2011

Tenders for the main building work including all Civil, Electrical & Mechanical services,were
also invited in the month of June 2010. In the mean time, in the month of July 2010, MoEF
desired a review of certain architectural planning aspects and asked CPWD to modify
the approved plans. Among the most important features,that affected architectural and
structural planning as well as statutory approvals already obtained ,are

i) The building has to be a “Net Zero Energy Building” fulfilling the entire power
requirement of the building through onsite solar power generation.
ii) The building premises should be with Zero surface parking
iii) Separating out of individual blocks of the premises,which were earlier planned to be
compactly together.

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These changes necessiated re

invitation of tenders in the month
of September, 2010 and also
revised approval from NDMC and
DUAC. Contracts were finalized
in the month of January 2011
and revised DUAC approval was
obtained on 5th January 2011.

After obtaining the revised

approval from DUAC, the Bhoomi
poojan was done on 06.01.2011,
by Sh Jai Ram Ramesh, the
Minister of Environment & Forests.
Construction work started on site
from 28th January 2011.

--------------------------------------------------------------

Bhumi Poojan by Shri. Jai Ram Ramesh, the Minister of MoEF

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Building Plans

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Project Team
The building has been designed and constructed by the ‘Central Public Works Department
(CPWD)’ in collaborative exercise with leading experts in the various fields.

3.1 CPWD
The internal architectural wing of CPWD headed by Senior Architect-XII has been
involved in the entire architectural planning and design of the building. Entire
structural design has been done by the Central Designs Organisation (CDO) of
CPWD.

The Project Management at the pre construction stage, construction stage as

well as post construction stage, are all done by the dedicated teams of CPWD.

Formation of the project team for project construction had undergone changes
through the course of the project,but the organizational chart of the Project team
for project execution as on Oct., 2013, is given below :

Chief Engineer (NDZ-IV)

Project Manager

Executive Engineer (Civil) Executive Engineer (Electrical)

Assistant Assistant Assistant Junior UDC Assistant Assistant Office LDC

Engineer Executive Engineer (P) Engineer Engineer Executive Supdt.
Engineer Engineer

3.2 Consultants
The following consultants were engaged for rendering technical expertise and
assistance to the project team of CPWD.
1) M/s EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. (Environmental Consultant) were engaged in Nov.,
2010 after Failure of M/s AET infrastructure environmental services, who was
appointed in April, 2010 for obtaining environmental impact assessment (EIA)
clearance and M/s Indtech consultants were appointed for submission of six
monthly compliance reports to DPCC.
2) M/s Deependra Prashad Architects and Planners (DPAP) Green Building
consultants(engaged from March, 2010) Their services were utilized for the

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specific purpose of guidance about green building certifications, till obtaining

formal certification of green building ratings from GRIHA and IGBC.
3) M/s Spectral Services Pvt Ltd---MEP Services consultants(engaged from May,
2010) Their services were utilized from the stage of design of all Mechanical
Electrical and Plumbing Services till approval of shop drawings for all services
and completion of actual execution of the project.
4) M/s INSDAG ,Kolkata---Structural Design consultants(engaged from February,
2012) Their services were utilized for the specific purpose of designing the
composite steel structure in the Auditorium block(Vayu Block) of the building.
5) M/s Kothari Services Pvt Ltd---Interior Design consultants(engaged from
November, 2010) Their services were utilized for the specific purpose of
design of interiors of some select areas like Auditorium, Committee rooms,
Lift lobbies, Entrance Attrium and chambers of Ministers,Secretary (MoEF) &
DG(Forests).
6) M/s SGS India Pvt. Ltd. Third Party Commissioning Consultants(engaged
from December, 2010) Their services were utilized from the stage of award of
work.
7) M/s V R Techniche was engaged for design of automatic car parking system.
3.3 Contractors:
This is one of the first projects of its kind, where in conscious efforts were made to
minimize the number of contracts involved in execution, so that possible inter-
disciplinary coordination problems are minimized and execution is done speedily.

1) M/s Swadeshi Civil Infrastructure Pvt Ltd: A composite contract with scope of
work covering the following areas , was awarded in the month of January 2011.
The final value of the contract after completion of the project , is Rs 139 cr. The
specialized agencies associated with the Main Contractor of the Composite
contract, are given within parantheses of each area of specialization.
1. Main structure and finishing works (Main contractor)
2. Central Air Conditioning( HVAC)( M/s Voltas Pvt Ltd)
3. Sub station ( M/s Amber Electro Tech Pvt Ltd)
4. Lifts ( M/s OTIS)
5. Fire Fighting & Fire Alarm systems (M/s Fire protection systems pvt ltd)
6. IBMS( Integrated Buiding Management System) ( M/s Sterling Wilson)
7. DG Sets( M/s Amber Electro Tech Pvt Ltd)
8. UPS( M/s Amber Electro Tech Pvt Ltd)
9. CCTV & Access Control system ( M/s Sauter Race ….)
10. Internal El( Electrical Installations) ( M/s Amber Electro Tech Pvt Ltd)

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2) M/s Swadeshi Civil Infrastructure Pvt Ltd: The contract for roof top solar
Power generation system of installed capacity 930 KWp, was awarded on 31st
July, 2012. The final value of the contract after completion of the project, is Rs
20.76 cr. This includes the value of Rs 1.76 Cr towards Operation & Maintence
for 10 years after the initial warranty period of 5 years of completion of the
project.
Soler Panels used are supplied by M/s Sun Power Corporation USA
3) M/s Simplex Projects Ltd: The contract for fully automated parking of 330
cars in the three basements of the building, was awarded on 7th July, 2011.
The final value of the contract after completion of the project , is Rs 16 cr. This
includes the value of Rs 3.0 Cr towards Operation & Maintence for 5 years
after the initial warranty period of 1 year of completion of the project.
4) M/s Debono Flexcom (India) Ltd : The contract for providing furniture in the
entire building except the requirement of senior officers of the rank of Deputy
Secretary and above, was awarded on 31st July, 2013. The final value of the
contract after completion of the project , is Rs 4 cr.
5) M/s HST Enterprises : The contract for internal lighting fixtures & fittings and
external Façade lighting, was awarded on 9th February, 2013. The final value
of the contract after completion of the project , is Rs 3.5 cr.
Out of the total completion cost of Rs 200 Cr(approx) of the project, the total
value of work executed against the above mentioned 5 contracts is Rs 183.5
Cr.
Few other contractors were engaged for the rest of the job, comprising art
work, fountain work,etc.

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Salient Features
• Cost : Rs 198 Crores
• Structure : Ground + 7 Storeyed (Superstructure) with 3
Basements(water table 5 m below ground)
• Plinth Area : 32,000 Sqm
• General Provisions : Central Air conditioning(HVAC) 400TR capacity,7 Lifts,Fire
Fighting and Fire Alarm
: DG Sets, UPS, IBMS and CCTV& Access Control systems
1. Special Provisions
• Solar Passive Architecture.
• 930 KWP Rooftop Solar Power Plant.
• Geo thermal Heat Exchange system below ground.
• Chilled Beam System of Air Conditioning.
• LED Fixtures, occupancy and daylight sensors.
• Robotic Car parking in basements.
• Energy saving regenerative Lifts.
• Low discharge water fixtures.
• Eco Friendly Landscaping with no hard paving eliminating heat island effect.
• Flyash based products in construction.
• Modular Furniture and work stations
• Audio Visual systems in Conference halls
• Sewage treatment Plant 30KLD capacity

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Structure
This is one of the rare projects in which design of RCC framed structure, design of steel
structure and design of composite structure have all been used. The building has a
height more than 35m and is situated in Seismic zone IV.

Basements
The building has 3 basements with a total depth of 12m below GL and peak water table
at 5 m below GL.Based on a raft foundation 1.35 m thick, the 3 floor retaining wall up
to GL and all round the periphery of the building ,is designed with number of service
shafts. The basement structure is designed to accommodate robotic parking for 330
cars involving structural provisions for 6 car lifts, shuttle bays, turntables and effective
movement of vehicles through out. It is also designed to accommodate all the bulk
services including AC plant room, substation and DG sets, fire fighting pump house and
sewage treatment plant .The basement slab at GL is designed to carry the load of 1.5 m
high earth filling required for landscaping purposes.

RCC Framed Structure

The building having a height more than 35 m has been designed as a RCC framed
structure. At Ground level ,the building has been grouped into six blocks and connecting
corridors having spans of 20 m and a circular waffle slab of 22m dia were designed.
Sizes of most of the columns are 750 mmx750 mm and the circular columns at entrance
in North Block are of 1.20 m diameter and 4storey height and are covered with stainless
steel cladding.

Composite steel concrete structure

This building has two blocks connected with connecting corridors from 2nd floor onwards.
Each of these two blocks is divided in three parts by providing two seismic joints of 250

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mm width each. Normal grids are 6.00mX6.00m with column size 750mmX750mm. One
part in one of the blocks has provision for conference room at ground floor and bigger
size committee rooms at first floor. During deliberations at the time of structural design,
it was decided to develop conference room in the form of small auditorium thereby
necessity was felt to give column free space in the auditorium. Removal of two columns
in the auditorium made the size of auditorium 19mX24m. RCC beams for a span of 19m
were of size 1200mm leaving no space for services in floor height of 4200 mm. Therefore,
it was decided to use composite steel concrete construction in this block.

Depth of beams was accommodated in 800mm and columns in 350X350mm. Only

columns were encased with RCC to match the elevations. Seven storeyed composite
columns were erected over RCC columns of the basement. Moment connections and
Shear connections were used for connecting members. Shear Studs were used and
designed to form composite action of RCC slab and Steel beams. A pre camber in
beams of 19 m span has been provided to control excessive deflection.

Design for composite structure was done by Institute for steel development and growth
(INSDAG), Kolkata and checked by CDO, CPWD.

Description of composite structure

Preparation of shop drawings based on the design given by Engineer in Charge,
procuring , fabricating , providing, fixing and erection of structural steel work in plates,
angles, channels tubes, etc of specified grade of Fe 410 WA/ WB as per IS 2062 to
form structural members for about 20 meter span beams & columns up to 5.5 meter
high , at various floors in all floors up to 30.00 meter above formation level, as per shop
drawings approved by the Engineer in Charge . The rate shall include transportation of
materials from steel manufacturer’s yard to fabrication yard and then to site of work,
making all necessary arrangements for safe handling and erection and hoisting i.e.

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like making temporary sturdy structure but to take erection loads and loads of these
fabricated sections/materials during execution, dismantling temporary structure after
completion of structure, etc. to form support system on permanent basis for RCC slab
to form composite structure complete as per direction of the Engineer-in-charge. Primer,
painting, STUDS, cement concrete and reinforcement shall be paid separately. All work
shall be carried out true to line and levels as per approved drawings and specifications.
The rate shall include cost of preparation of shop drawings including incorporating
modification and preparation of revised shop drawing as per direction of Engineer in
Charge , materials and all operation like cuttings, beveling, tack welding, fine welding and
re-welding , filing and smoothening the edges to remove any burrs and additional welds,
making holes to receive nuts & bolts as required at site and in fabrication yard to maintain
line & level, providing required machinery like hydra, cranes, jigs & fixtures, all necessary
tools and plants to handle structural materials, temporary jointing and disjointing, labour
for carrying erection and tightening of bolts at required places with appropriate torque,
geometrical control survey field and Lab testing charges etc. complete as per required
specifications and directed by Engineer-in-charge.

Structural steel decking system of Tata Blue scope(Tata Smart Deck), was used for
casting of slabs, by eliminating conventional centering and shuttering.

Supporting Structure for Solar Panels

In order to create the total required area of 6000 m2 for supporting solar panels, the entire
central courtyard had to be coveredwith space frame and Additionally, MS supporting
structure over the terrace had to be extended further by huge cantilevers and terrace
level and fourth floor level on Southern side.

Keeping in view the requirement of high degree of maintenance of solar panels,adequate

number of catwalks are provided in the entire supporting structure, with perforated
bottom for easy draining of rain water. Out of total area of 6000 m2, area covered by
panels is 4600 m2 and by catwalks is 1400 m2 .
Stainless Steel Space Frame
100% on site power generation mandate given by the Ministry, necessitated the covering
of open to sky area in central courtyard with solar panels. To support these panels, some
structure below was required. Initially it was to be covered with MS but in consultation
with MoEF and for better aesthetics & less maintainability requirements at a height of
35.00 metre, space frame with nodes was provided. The structural design was submitted
by the specialised agency (M/s Alcox Pvt Ltd) and checked by CDO, CPWD. Complete
fabrication was carried out in the factory by using sections of make Jindal steel.
Sizes of tubes used in the work are 48mm dia, 73mm dia, 114mm dia & 168mm dia with
thickness varying from 3.68mm to 11.24mm

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Description of Space Frame:

Design, supply, providing and fixing in position, erecting at site upto 35 m height stainless
steel 304 tubular section space frame system to support solar panels and related leads
and consisting of electric resistance or induction butt welded tubes of stainless steel
304grade and forged/machined stainless steel cones/props/ tube end connectors, SS
bolt and solid spherical node connectors of different sizes as required on the basis of
design in grade SS 304 and SS base plate, supporting arrangement, fixing stainless steel
tubes for supporting solar PV cells and arrangement for catwalk etc. as per approved
space frame system and including transportation, cutting threading, machining. Leads
and lifts up to 35 m height tools and plants etc. required for all operations involved. This
includes preparation of shop drawings, which will have to be approved by Engineer-in-
Charge.

MS Supporting Structure
Only covering of central open to sky courtyard with space frame could not provide
required area for solar panels. Therefore area available at terrace which was only 2200
sqm was covered with MS box section with 6m cantilever all-round the building resulting
in 12m cantilever at four corners. Additionally 6m cantilever was provided at 4th floor
level on south face of the building.Box sections of size 250X450mm to 250X850mm
depending on the span, were used in the building for supporting solar panels.

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Stone Cladding
Two types of stone cladding upto 2-1/2 storey height with Dholpur stone(White sand
stone) used in this project. One over flyash brick work following CPWD specifications
and another on AAC block masonry with key stones.

On brick wall: stone cladding with stainless steel cramps and dash fasteners with
support of SS angle at bottom has been done as per CPWD specification.

Item:
1 Stone work (machine cut edges) for wall lining etc. (veneer work) backing filled with
a grout of 12mm thick cement mortar 1:3 (1 cement : 3 coarse sand) including
pointing in white cement mortar 1:2 (1 white cement : 2 stone dust) with an admixture
of pigment matching the stone shade : (To be secured to the backing by means of
cramps which shall be paid for separately) :
2 White sand stone (Dholpur sand stone) - Exposed face machine cut and table
rubbed with rough backing.
3 50 mm thick

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On AAC block wall: Outer wall are made with 300 mm thick Aerated autoclaved concrete
blocks(AAC) have density almost 1/3rd that of bricks thereby withholding capacity of
blocks was found to be inadequate for stone cladding. Key stones of width 300 mm
were used to provide support to cladding stones at top and bottom of stone by providing
groove in key stone. In this case AAC block masonry and stone cladding were done
simultaneously which was a time consuming exercise.

1 50mm thick gang sawcut sand stone work for wall lining (veneer work) over 25
mm thick bed of cement mortar 1:3 (1 cement : 3 coarse sand) including cost of
30.5X12.5cm gang saw cut sand stone key as in bands as per pattern shown in the
design scheme, for wall cladding etc. embedded in brick masonry work/ autoclaved
aerated concrete blocks masonry with cement mortar 1:3 (1 cement : 3 coarse
sand) including pointing in white cement mortar 1:2 (1 white cement : 2 stone dust)
with an admixture of pigment matching the stone shades upto 10m from external
cement concrete pavement level/terrace level/surface at which scaffolding rests
including cost of scaffolding, making grooves of required size as per drawings and
making necessary recesses, notches and holes wherever required and as directed
by the Engineer-in-charge.
2 In Dholpur sand stone

Stone jali: Stone jails with Dholpur stone(White sand stone) in connecting corridors of
blocks and in staircase for natural ventilation has been provided. In connecting corridors,
balusters of same stone fastened to RCC slab below in box section having opening top
side and fixed to slab with dash fasteners. Jali panels inserted in between the balusters.
Stone lali in staircases made in the form of tree supported on MS tube frame fixed to
RCC beams of staircase with dash fasteners. At junction of two stone panels, adjustable
stainless steel cramps has been used.

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Furniture
Furniture: Sanctioned estimate have provision of furniture for this project. At the start
of tendering process for procurement of furniture, difficulty was experienced in deciding
the make/model of furniture to be procured. To overcome this hurdle, expression of
interest (EOI) from manufacturers of furniture with 10years experience and moderate
turnover of Rs.10 cr was invited which was responded by 10 firms. Thereafter, tenders as
per CPWD procedure on two bid system were called from agencies approved in EOI or
their associates who could submit the consent letter from the agencies approved in EOI
on generalised nomenclature of items and common specifications to rule out advantage
to any one bidder. Display of samples and their approval by the committee constituted
for procurement of furniture under the chairmanship of JS of the ministry was one of the
eligibility criteria for opening of the financial bid.

Work Stations

Conference Table

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Auditorium

Executive Dinning Cafeteria

Conference Table

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Electrical System:
The Building shall be supplied power by the NDMC .The electrical load is estimated as
830 kW. To cater to this electrical load, the incoming power is available at 11 kV. The
Substation is constructed with 2 Nos dry type transformers each 1000 KVA, 11 KV/415
V located in first basement. One no Step up dry type transformer of capacity 1250 KVA
is also provided for supplying power from solar panels to NDMC Grid to make it net zero
building.
• Brief list of Major Equipment installed ,is as below.
• 11 kV Vacuum Circuit Breaker
• Dry Epoxy Resin Cast type Transformer,with online Tap changer
• Air Circuit Breaker (ACB) , Moulded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB) & Miniature Circuit
Breaker (MCB)
• Current Operated Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker / Residual Current Circuit Breaker
(ELCB / RCCB)
• Bus Duct / Rising Mains (Sandwiched Construction)

DG Sets
Emergency power is planned and
provided through 2 No. 500 kVA, 415
Volts, 50 Hz, radiator cooled DG sets.
All the DG sets are operated through
Synchronization panel with built-in
protections for the electrical system. The
electrical changeover system shall be
capable of restoring power supply within
15 seconds of disruption (black-out or
brown-out) of power.

UPS Power
UPS power shall be supplied on centralized basis to support critical services such as
emergency lighting, UPS power points for administration workstations, Security system
& Building automation system ,and NIC Server room.
3 No. 120 kVA UPS in parallel shall be provided with 15 minutes battery backup with
provision for static bypass. Additionally, 1 No. 60 kVA UPS has been provided for Server
equipments backed up by 3 No UPS each120 kVA.

4.2.2 Heating Ventilation and Air–conditioning System (HVAC) :

The building is designed for both air conditioning and heating. The air conditioning
load is estimated as 400 TR for which 2 numbers (1 working + 1 standby) of 240

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TR water cooled Screw chillers for conventional system & 1 No. 200 TR water
screw Chiller have been installed for chilled beam system.

The total load of the system would have been around 800 TR, had the
conventional system been provided in the entire building. Chilled beam system
of air conditioning, which is the most energy efficient system of air conditioning
with energy consumption less than 50% of that in conventional system, has been
provided almost in the entire building except the ground floor and 7th floor on
northern side. In these locations, chilled beam system could not be provided
because of clear heights more than 3 m and possible high humidity levels in area
like cafeteria ,yoga room and Gymnasium. This particular system of “chilled beam
air conditioning” is provided for the first time in any Government building in India.
Even private buildings with such system of air conditioning are very few in India.

Active type chilled beam system is provided in the building. Active Chilled Beam
is suitable for dealing with high internal thermal loads using a combination of
air and water, comprises a casing with integral primary air duct fitted with sets
of induction nozzles, size related to
primary air flow rate. Below the primary
air duct are single/two coils which are
mounted vertically or horizontally and
(non-piped) drain pan is furnished
directly beneath them.. The induction
grill below the coils is a perforated
plate.

The coils shall be used for either

cooling or heating operations (2-pipe
system). The assembly contains two
(2) separate chilled water coils with single supply and return connections In the
mixing section of the unit the conditioned secondary air is mixed with the primary
air and discharged horizontally (Coanda effect) into the room via slots. The unit
comprises external casing, edge profiles and suspension lugs.

Active Chilled Beam installed at IPB site

A short section of insulated flexible duct is used to connect the primary air ducting
to chilled beam and ensured that the flexible duct connection to the beam is
sealed air tight. A balancing damper is installed in primary air duct to facilitate the
air supply balancing of each beam to the scheduled static pressure at unit level.
AHU’s serving office areas envisaged with chilled beam system are provided with
centrifugal fan, cooling coil and filter section. These air handling units are capable
to deliver constant volume of air to plenum of chilled beams.

Chilled beams are installed in all conditioned office spaces and corridor, receiving

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chilled water input at 16-17 deg C to avoid any condensation on surface. In

addition, dry fresh air gets injected into the AHU room which shall ultimately be
mixed with the return air coming out from the conditioned spaces. Therefore,
formation of primary air will happen. Then, the same Primary air shall be injected
into the plenum of Active chilled beams which will pass through the small nozzles
and creates negative pressure for induction. Finally, the induced air shall pass
through the secondary chilled water coil inside the beam. Therefore, sensible
cooling effect shall be created without any condensation. Primary air conditions
are designed in such a way that air can take care of latent load present inside
the spaces.

Dedicated Outdoor Air handling units (DOAs) of variable volume type, double
skin (for noise control) construction, comprising centrifugal fans, cooling coil
section, stainless steel double sloping drain pan (for zero water retention), Heat
recovery wheel, cooling coil, and filter section are provided at terrace level over
the space available adjacent to connecting corridors. The fresh air gets pre-
cooled by recovering energy from centralized exhaust stream thereby reducing
the air conditioning load.

Server Rooms of NIC, catering to networking in the building, have been air-
conditioned through microprocessor based dual coil precision units(PAC) (floor
discharge) installed consisting of centrifugal fan, chilled water & DX cooling coil,
filter section, humidification/ dehumidification system and outdoor condensing
unit. These units are capable of handling high sensible heat generation expected
in Server Room. The units are floor standing within the Server Room and supply
air through floor grills mounted on the false floor. Return air shall be collected
directly through space. System shall operate on DX coil all the time, however, it
can also be operated through the chilled water being provided from plant room.
Thermal insulation on walls and floor & ceiling of Server Room was also done.
Precision units(PACs) of “Stulz” make are installed.

Goethermal Heat Exchange system: The Vertical Closed loop system of geo
thermal heat exchange system, which is bringing about considerable reduction
in the loads on the HVAC system, is adopted for the first time in a Government
building in India and first time on such a large scale in any building in India.

The concept and description of the system provided , is explained in Section 3.2
A.c of Part II of this book

Ventilation & Heating: All the un conditioned spaces like Toilets, Stores, AC plant
room, Pantries and Kitchen have been provided with mechanical ventilation
system. All the three basements accommodating automated car parking, have
also been provided with a ventilation system with 12 air changes in normal mode
and 30 air changes in Fire mode.

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 NET ZERO BUILDING

Additionally Smoke extraction system is provided in all office spaces with 12 air
changes.
The building is also provided with heating system .Hot water generators of total
installed capacity 240 KW are provided in the AC Plant room.
4.2.3 Regenerative Lifts : 07 number of Machine room less (MRL) gear less lifts of
OTIS make, each of 13 passenger
capacity, are installed in the
building. All these lifts have got
power regeneration technology.
Energy efficient Elevator together
with a regenerative drive option,
works as a generator when a heavy
car is returned to ground floor
or empty car going up. Instead
of turning the braking energy to
heat, the electricity is fed back
to the network.. It can save up to
25% of the energy consumed by a
typical 13 person elevator.The power regenerated from the elevator shall be used
for power requirement of the elevators only. However, suitable tapping point for
regenerated power of each elevator is provided for other purpose if required.

4.2.4 Low Voltage System :

Fire detection and Alarm System: An addressable fire alarm detection system
is installed for the entire complex. Infrastructure is provided for voice and data
transmission as per the requirement.
.

Fire Fighting :
The complex comes under the A category of Fire zoning as per NBC of India.
Accordingly the project has been designed with 200 KL of Fire Tank, Sprinkler
system, Hydrant System, CO2 extinguishing system, hand held extinguishers &
clean agent fire protection system

IBMS(Integrated Building
Management System):
All services shall be controlled and
monitored using IBMS for greater
reliability and to effect optimum level
of operating engineering services
systems

CCTV & Access Control System :

Security system consisting of CCTV

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with central monitoring, access control system, perimeter protection system is

proposed for the complex.

4.2.2 Automated Parking

AUTOMATIC CAR PARKING SYSTEM
This Indira Paryavaran Bhawan of MoEF has got three (3) basements which are
used for automatic parking system. First basement is used for car entry & exit
Lobby and puzzle parking system. Second and third basement is used for Robotic
dolly parking system. Civil structure for the whole parking system was executed
by CPWD through M/s Swadeshi Civil Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd., Electro-mechanical
component of parking system was executed by different agency i.e. m/s Simplex
Projects Ltd. There are two ramps, one for car entry and the other one for car exit.

Parking capacity is given in following table:

Location System type Car space

First Basement Puzzle type 49

Second Basement Robotic dolly type 126

Third Basement Robotic dolly type 170

Fundamental of operation:
A vehicle is always parked on steel stalls installed floor. The dolly always carrier
the car supporting the car from bottom area of the 4 wheels.

(a) Parking: user keeps his ear in the entry lobby and moves out. Elevator lifts the
car from the entry lobby and goes (along Z exit) to the required floors. Floor
shuttle dolly pick the car from elevator (the elevator moves away) and delivers
the same on a transfer stall and returns for the next command. The shuttle on
the specified floor moves on track along Y exit and the dolly goes out from
shuttle along X exist and also comes back by the same path. The shuttle with

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dolly and cars moves (along X exit) and aligns with an empty parking stall and
return to the shuttle.
(b) Retrieval: The retrieval operation is exactly as above but in reverse order.

Some Important Terms for the Robotic Dolly system:-

Entrance / Exit Lobby: Entrance/ Exit lobby is used for entrance and exit of the
vehicle. There will be a common chamber for sitting of the operator.

Elevator: This device for the movement of the car along the vertical axis i.e. Z axis
up or down. The elevator platform is moved along the vertical axis by electrical
power. The electric power and control is supplied by flexible cable.

Dolly: This is for lifting the car by supporting the car from bottom area of the 4
wheels only and transporting Y-axis and lowering the car to its parking position
and vice versa. The car wheels are supported on fork like structure which can be
protruded and withdrawn. The empty dolly moves below the car with the fork like
structure withdrawn. When the dolly is underneath the car, the fork like structure
extends out below the car wheels, supported on stalls with clear gap from the
floor. The dolly fabricated from steel has its own drive and other mechanisms like
lifting and centering the car, operated by electrical power through a cable reeling
drum. It can move along the X axis with or without the car.

Shuttle: It is carrier for the dolly with/ without car. It shall be located and operate
on an adjacent aisle to the lift well. It is electrically operated with power through
cable reeling drum. This will operate along Y-axis.

Parking Stall: Appropriate shaped steel rolled sections are installed on the floor
to support the front and rear wheels of the car. The steel bent sections are spaced
so that the arms of the dolly supporting the bottom of the wheels can match the
space.

Main component of the parking system are as follows:

(1) Robotic dolly
(2) Shuttle
(3) Elevator
(4) Boom barrier & Auto gate
(5) Car stopper at entry lobby
(6) CCTV and signage
(7) PLC Panel
(8) Car stall
(9) Control Room

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(10) Ticket counter

(11) Service voltage transformer Panel.

Car Stopper at Entry lobby.

Now car is parked at entry lobby. Parking Lift: This lift will carry car up and down
while parking and retrieving.

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Cars parked on stall

Robotic Dolly on Shuttle

This is robotic dolly on shuttle: dolly takes car from Finally Cars are parked on stall.
lift and brings to shuttle. Shuttle carries both dolly
& car to a specified location. Upon reaching the
location dolly carries the car and place the car on
stall, then dolly comes back to shuttle which is
ready for next cycle.

Puzzle Parking System

SVT Panel

Double Deck System, cars are parked one above Power distribution panel for automatic parking
another. system.

Main PLC Panel

Parking Control Room

Atomisation of parking system is Through this monitor operator observes vehicle movement via
done using programmable logic CCTV cameras installed in basement and logical steps as shown
control system. in user graphic interface.

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Some of the above components are highlighted with photographs taken at site,
as below.

4.2.3 Roof top Solar Power system

4.3 Landscaping & Horticulture

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PART II
IMPLEMENTATION OF
NET ZERO ENERGY
&
GREEN RATINGS

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1. Unique Bench Marks

This building is the first ever “ Net Zero Energy Multi storeyed Building with 100%
onsite renewable (Solar) Power generation” over and above its highest green
ratings i.e. GRIHA 5star and LEED India Platinum.

With a Solar Power system of installed capacity 930KWp the building is also the
largest roof top Solar system in Multi storeyed buildings in India.

Total energy savings achieved in this building are about 40% and savings in
use of water about 55% .Against the conventional energy demand of 22 lakh
units per year for this building , actual energy demand is brought down to only
14 lakh units per year by several green building and sustainability measures.
This entire energy demand of 14 lakh units, is being generated through highest
efficiency monocrystalline solar PhotoVoltaic (SPv) panels, located at rooftop.
Energy generation started from 19.11.2013.Energy thus generated is being fed to
NDMC grid from where supply is being taken, thereby offsetting the total energy
demand. Thus the annual electricity bill in this building is going to be zero. Also
there could be net revenue on account of solar power generation and issue to the
NDMC Power grid. Tariff fixation for solar power is under consideration by DERC
This building has many other rare features like Chilled Beam system of HVAC,
Geo Thermal Heat Exchange system, Regenerative Lifts, Fully Automated Car
Parking in basements with Zero surface parking , apart from several other green
building features.

• First “Net Zero Energy Multi

storeyed Building” with 100%
onsite renewable (Solar) power
generation
• GRIHA 5star and LEED India
Platinum Green Building ratings
• Largest roof top Solar system
in any multi storeyed building in
India

Salient Features:
• Cost : Rs 195 Crores
• Structure : Ground + 7 Storeyed (Superstructure) with 3
Basements (water table 5 m below ground)
• Plinth Area : 32,000 Sqm
• General Provisions : Central Air conditioning(HVAC) 400TR
capacity,7 Lifts,Fire Fighting and Fire Alarm

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 NET ZERO BUILDING

: DG Sets, UPS, BMS and CCTV systems

• Special Provisions : Roof top Solar PV system 930 KWp
: Fully Automated Robotic Car Parking
: Modular Furniture and work stations
: Audio Visual systems in Conference halls
: Sewage treatment Plant 30KLD capacity
• Start of Construction : 28.01.2011
• Completion : 31.08.2013
Net Zero Energy And Solar Power Genneration
• Capacity of Power generation : 930KWp
• Annual Power Demand : 14 Lakh Units(KWh)
• Annual Power Generation : 14 Lakh Units(KWh)
• Total area of the Solar panels : 4600 m2
• Total area of the system i/c catwalks : 6000 m2
• Photo Voltaic panels : Mono crystalline
: 20% efficiency

Architectural Planning And Landscaping

• E-W Building orientation and separation of different blocks with connecting
corridors and central court yard
• Out of total 79 trees, only 19 trees cut and 11 transplanted
• Building Envelope designed to ensure daylight in75% occupied area
• Access Friendly to differently-abled persons.
• Plantation and grassing in more than 50% area outside the building
• Circulation roads and pathways made with grass paver blocks to enable
ground water recharge
• Terrace Garden at seventh floor

ENERGY EFFICIENCY
1. Energy Efficient Chilled Beam system of Air Conditioning
• Air conditioning by convection currents rather than air flow through diffusers
• Chilled water circulated right up to the diffuser (chilled beam)
• Chilled beam has provision for draining out any condensation water
• More than 50% savings in energy consumption on air conditioning

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2. Geo Thermal Heat Exchange system

• Utilises advantage of difference between ambient temperature and the
temperature below GL
• Vertical closed loop system done with 32mm dia. HDPE U – loops 180 in
number and 80 m deep each
• Reduction of 160TR load on cooling tower and consequent reduction in
consumption of water to be achieved
3. Regenerative passengers Lifts
• Energy efficiency through conversion of braking energy into electricity
• 7 Nos Machine room less gear less lifts of OTIS Make
4. Other Energy Efficiency measures
• Chillers and AHUs with Variable Frequency Drives(VFDs)
• Heat recovery wheels
• Thermostat controls for HVAC
• LED lights and Occupancy & Lux level Sensors, etc

MATERIALS
• Walls with Fly ash bricks and AAC blocks and not clay bricks
• Entire Concreting ,mortars and plasters with PPC
• Locally available stone floorings ,claddings, Terrazzo flooring and flooring with
broken marble and kota stone
• High reflectance terrace tiles for low heat ingress
• Rockwool Insulation of outer walls and concrete surfaces
• Rapidly renewable Bamboo Jute Composite for door frames & shutters.
• UPVC windows with hermetically sealed double glass ( SHGC: 0.32, U
value:1.5 & VLT 59%)
• Calcium Silicate ceiling Tiles
• Grass paver blocks in pavements and roads for ground water recharge
• Low VOC Paints for better indoor air quality

WATER CONSERVATION
• Low discharge water fixtures
• Recycling of waste water through STP(Sewage Treatment Plant)
• Low demand plants in landscaping

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• Geothermal cooling
• Rain water harvesting
• Use of curing compounds

2. Implementation of Net Zero Energy Concept

The Indira Paryavaran Bhawan is a bench mark in sustainable construction, with
not only the highest green ratings ,but also the feature of “ Net Zero Energy”. In
general, it is not necessary that a net zero building is also a green building and
vice versa. While net zero concept focusses exclusively on the energy aspect,
green building concept covers a wider ambit of environmental sustainability.

It was a much bigger challenge to implement Net Zero Energy concept in Indira
Paryavaran Bhawan, than to implement highest green building ratings.

2.1 Concept and General Scenario

Concept: A zero-energy building, also known as a zero net energy (ZNE) building,
net-zero energy building (NZEB), or net zero building, is a building with zero net
energy consumption and zero carbon emissions annually.Buildings that produce
a surplus of energy over the year may be called “energy-plus buildings” and
buildings that consume slightly more energy than they produce are called “near-
zero energy buildings” or “ultra-low energy houses”.]

The zero net energy consumption principle is viewed as a means to reduce

carbon emissions and reduce dependence on fossil fuels and although zero
energy buildings remain uncommon even in developed countries, they are gaining
importance and popularity.

Most zero energy buildings use the electrical grid for energy storage but some are
independent of grid. Energy is usually harvested on-site through a combination of
energy producing technologies like solar and wind, while reducing the overall use
of energy with highly efficient HVAC and lighting technologies. The zero-energy
goal is becoming more practical as the costs of alternative energy technologies
decrease and the costs of traditional fossil fuels increase.

The development of modern zero-energy buildings became possible not only

through the progress made in new energy and construction technologies and
techniques, but it has also been significantly improved by academic research,
which collects precise energy performance data on traditional and experimental
buildings and provides performance parameters for advanced computer models
to predict the efficacy of engineering designs.

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The zero-energy concept allows for a wide range of approaches due to the many
options for producing and conserving energy combined with the many ways of
measuring energy (relating to cost, energy, or carbon emissions).

General Scenario of implementation world over :

Much before the concept of “Net Zero Energy” has started being implemented
in India, many Net Zero buildings were constructed elsewhere in the developed
countries. Most of these buildings are either individual houses or other buildings
and factory/industrial buildings which are single storeyed with vast available roof
area.

There are some multistoreyed buildings also world over, which are ‘Net Zero
Energy” buildings. In these buildings, only a small percentage, say upto 5% of
the total energy requirement of the building, is generated on site .Balance major
energy requirement ,is generated through renewable sources , away from the site
of the building, which is targeted to be “Net Zero Energy”building.

There are lessons to be learnt out of those experiences, in view of the need
to harness the huge potential of renewable energy generation, especially Solar
power generation in India .

2.2 Implementation in Indira Paryavaran Bhawan:

Uniqueness:Although there are many net zero buildings ,as mentioned earlier, the
Indira Paryavaran Bhawan Project recently completed by CPWD is a unique net
zero building.

This building is the first “ Net Zero Energy Multi storeyed Building with 100%
onsite renewable (Solar) Power generation” .Other buildings which are net Zero
are generally not Multistoreyed buildings and even if they are multi-storeyed ,
entire (100%)renewable energy generation is not done onsite.

With a Solar Power system of installed capacity 930KWp the building has also the
largest roof top Solar system in Multi storeyed buildings in India.

The total energy demand of 1.4 Million units, is being generated through highest
efficiency monocrystalline solar PhotoVoltaic (SPv) panels, located at rooftop.
Energy generation started from 19.11.2013.Energy thus generated is being fed to
NDMC grid from where supply is being taken.

Constraints and Challenges: Implementation of Net Zero energy demand in

this project,has been a very big and unique challenge because of the following
reasons.It has been a much bigger challenge than implementation of Green
building ratings.

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NET ZERO BUILDING

1) Highest number of Electrical and Mechanical Services: Apart from Central

Air Conditioning(HVAC),Lifts, Fire Fighting & Fire Alarm, IBMS,DG Sets, UPS,
CCTV system , Audio Visual System, and sewage treatment plant ,there is
fully Automated robotic Parking for 330 cars, demanding significant energy .
Off setting the energy demand with renewable energy generation in such high
energy demand buildings ,is a challenge
2) Severe constraint on available space: Against the space requirement of around
8500 sq.m, actual available space over terraces, where the solar panels could
be installed, is only 2200 sq.m. Creation of this additional space(8500 minus
2200 m2) in a multistoreyed building with restricted plot & roof areas where no
structure including surface parking is provided around the building, was a big
Constraint.
Constraints increase ,if no of storeys is more than 3 and land area is
restricted because roof area required for locating solar panels ,to generate
the entire energy demand through solar panels,as a thumb rule,is minimum
30% of plinth area of superstructure i.e For every 3floors,one floor area
of supporting structure is required.This is so in case of buildings having
all the Electrical and mechanicalservices mentioned above,excepting special
services like automated parking
3) 100% generation of energy on site: unlike other net zero buildings, low rise
or multistoreyd, where in part of the energy demand (like 5%,10%)is only
generated through renewable sources installed within the premises and
rest of the energy demand is generated away from the building site,in Indira
Paryavaran Bhawan, entire 100 % energy is generated on site, within the
campus.
Resloution of the constraints:The constraints explained above had posed a
big challenge in terms of the huge gap between estimated energy requirement
and the estimated energy generation.
To begin with, the annual energy requirement with total power intake of 800KW
,has been estimated to be 1.5 Million KWh ,with some assumed parameters
for the 8 hour occupancy government building. Area of solar power plant for
generation of 1.5 Million KWh solar energy with indigenously available panels
of highest efficiency 15 to 16%,has been assessed to be 8500 sq.m, which
was not feasible at this site, as explained in constraint no. 2 above.
To resolve the problem, efforts were to be made to minimize energy requirement
even while maximizing energy generation, so that the gap is reduced to Zero,to
make it a Net Zero Energy Building.

Maximisation of energy generation: The structural feasibility of creating a

supporting structure at terrace level ,was examined in detail by the Central Designs
Organisation (CDO) and found to be not technically viable to create a supporting

40
 NET ZERO BUILDING

structure with more than 6m cantilevers at terrace level, because design of such
long span cantilevers is critical with Seismic design considerations(The project
site is located at Delhi, which is in Seismic Zone IV).

Possibility of locating solar panels at other levels and sides of the building was
also explored ,keeping in view the potential for generation and the possible
shading effects due to adjoining trees and the cantilevering structure at terrace
level. It was finally considered feasible to provide cantilevering structure(6m span)
at 4th floor level on the southern side of the building.

Additionally, it was decided to cover the entire central court yard( around 2000
sq.m area with spans 26 to 33m)),which was originally planned to be kept open
to sky.

With all these possibilities, maximum area that could be created was assessed
to be 6000 sq.m.The design of these massive supporting structures in the
building entailed complex structural design exercise by the Central Designs
Organisation,CPWD.

In the mean time several enquiries were made in the market about the best
available solar panels and found that the mono crystalline panels of make “ Sun
Power” of USA, are the ones with highest efficiency of 20%. As on that date(and
probably even 2 years later)it was only SunPower Corpoation USA,who were
manufacturing such high effiency solar panels on commercial scale,although
panels of even higher efficiencies are under experimental production. These
panels were there fore ,to be imported from USA. On consultations with MoEF
about the cost implications of imported panels it was decided to go for them, as
energy generation was to be maximized .

Even with these highest efficiency solar panels,area requirement for generating
15 lakh units of energy annually,has been assessed to be around 6500 sq.m,
which is still more than the maximum feasible area of 6000 sq.m of supporting
structure.

Therefore, to bridge this gap, the estimated energy requirement was to be brought
down further,as explained below.

Minimisation of energy requirement: The energy requirement was to be brought

down to around 1.4 Million KWh annually from the initial assessment of 1.5 Million
KWh. Although apparently, this reduction seemed to be not much, it has really
been a big challenge because such reduction is attempted at a level when all
possibilities of reduction are almost exhausted.The energy requirement of 1.5
Million Kwh,is already the requirement reduced drastically from the conventional
base case design of 2.2 Million Kwh, with the help of several green building

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 NET ZERO BUILDING

measures(to be explained later ),leading to more than 40 % savings in energy

and highest green building ratings.One could imagine how tough it would be to
further reduce energy requirement, even by a small amount beyond this.

It was only after several technical deliberations ,that it could be found feasible
to reduce energy requirement to 1.4 Million KWh.The solutions adopted for this
further reduction in energy requirement are as below.

i) Re run of soft ware energy simulations several times, with more and more
precise modeling of the building parameters.
ii) Design of additional insulations of the building envelope,to reduce the heat
load and energy requirement of the building.The extent of insulation of the
building envelope designed and done in the building,as explained later,
would not have been essential, had it been only the highest rated green
building and not a Net Zero Energy building.
iii) Reduction in process loads was ensured by going for “Thin Client System”
with common servers, printers and photo copier machines for all officials
upto the level of Under Secretary.This decision involved several discussions
with MoEF,who finally did not agree for “Thin Client System” for senior
officers from considerations of privacy and security.
With all these measure which called for lot of technical enquiry and deliberations
over a period of time, both the estimated energy requirement and energy
generation ,could be equaled (to around 1.4 Million KWh annually)to make it a
Net zero Energy building.This was therefore,the biggest challenge in the Project.
The Project has received the award from Adarsh/GRIHA for Exemplary
Demonstration of Integration of Renewable Energy Technologies in the Project,
in Feb 2013.

Technical Details of Solar Power Generation:

1 PROJECT INFORMATION:
Solar electricity is produced when photons from Sun’s rays hit electrons in Solar
PV panels, generating DC current. DC current is then converted into AC by inverter
and is either used locally or fed back to the grid. The solar power system installed
in Indira Paryavaran Bhawan is Grid Interactive and is of generation capacity
930KWp(peak) at 11KV, 50Hz A.C...Conventional Power is taken from the Grid
into the building and the solar power generated is fed back into the NDMC (New
Delhi Municipal Corporation)Power through out the year.There is no provision for
storage of power in the building.

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NET ZERO BUILDING

Array junction Box(AJB), Four AJB are parallely Main Junction Box(MJB), Output of MJB is
connected to one MJB. connected to one PCU(power conditioning unit)
through armoured cable.

Four units of PCU, 250KVA each. Output of one PCU unit is Solar LT Panel, whose output is
290V AC, which is connected to Solar LT panel. connected to step up transformer
through compact bus duct,

Step up Transformer, 1250KVA, Solar HT panel Solar Energy Metering Panel

Transformer output is 11KV which
is connected to solar HT panel.

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 NET ZERO BUILDING

Finally solar energy is fed to NDMC via NDMC HT Solar Power generation monitoring through
panel SCADA System

The total capacity of the 930 kWp Solar Power Plant is divided into sub arrays of
250 kWp Solar Power capacity to feed into the 250 KW rating power conditioning
units. 332 kWp monocrystalline SUNPOWER make solar modules 2832 no. Used
for this project, connecting 12 no in series and 236 such strings in parallel using
Array Junction boxes and Main Junction boxes.

These solar modules are mounted on single module mounting structures specially
designed for fixing over M S Structure. The outputs of the Main Junction Boxes
connected to the power conditioning Units (PCU) for converting the DC power
into AC power and then export the solar energy into the gird through LT Panel,
Transformer and HT Panel.

The project is estimated to generate about 14.3 lakh units per annum for 25 years.

2 POWER SUPPLY ARRANGEMENTS

The power received at 11 kV level will stepped down to 0.415 kv by 2 No dry
type 11/0.415 kV, 2 x 1.0 MVA distribution transformers located at the Substation
which bares all load of the Complex. For optimum Utilization of the available flat
rooftop of the building, Solar power plant of 930 Kwp based on Mono Crystalline
technology is being installed and the energy so generated will be fed directly to
grid.
Capacitor bank has also been provided to improve the power factor.

2.2 POWER GENERATION SCHEME

2.2.1 Electrical System Types
Being intermittent, the electricity produced by solar PV array needs to be property
controlled stored and distributed. The two major possibilities currently prevalent
are (i) Stand-alone system and (ii) Grid connects system. It may be noted that
many devices are needed between the array and the load to provide electrical

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power. A typical stand-alone photovoltaic system is composed of an array

converting sunlight into electricity. Electrical current flows into a bank of batteries
through a charge controller (regulator) that protect the batteries from overcharge
or over discharge. By using DC-DC converter required levels of DC voltage can
be obtained if the loads to be connected are of DC types and if the loads are of
AC type a DC-AC inverter may be needed.

The project is of the grid connect system type. The system operates only when
the utility is available. The system consists mainly of the following:

Solar PV array- which produces DC electricity when solar rays are incident on it.
Power Conditioning Units (PCU) – Which convert DC (Direct Current) electricity
into AC (Alternating Current) electricity and facilitate synchronization with the grid
power

Transformers – which transform the AC output of the Power Conditioning Units

to the level required at the grid. 5.2.2 Operating Principle of Grid Connect Solar
PV Systems.

The System automatically ‘wakes-up’ in the morning and feeds-in power to the
grid, provided the grid power is within the windows (voltage and frequency limit)
of synchronization) The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) circuit within the
PCU extracts The Maximum available power from the solar array and feeds it to
the grid. If the grid voltage and / or frequency go out of the windows, the PCU
immediately isolates from the grid.

The PCU will reconnect after a pre-determined time when the grid is back within
the window. When the feed-in power is below a predetermined level or when the
solar insolation is below a selected value for a pre-determined period or time the
PCU is isolated from the grid and is operated in sleep mode. This minimizes the
stands by losses.

2.3 TYPICAL SYSTEM COMPONENTS OF GRID CONNECT SPV SYSTEM

2.3.1 Solar PV Modules / Array
As the solar cells have limited linear dimensions, numbers of cells are to be
interconnected to provide required voltage and current. These are encapsulated
using a material such as Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) between a transparent
window and moisture – proof backing to insulate and protect them.

As the PV cells are less efficient at higher temperatures, modules are mechanically
designed as not to retain the ‘Solar heat’ and mounted so as to permit natural
cooling. The electrical performance of module is more or less identical to a solar
cell.

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2.3.2 Solar PV Array

Depending on the load power requirements, modules are interconnected in series
or parallel to constitute a PV array.

2.3.3 Balance of Systems (BOS)

2.3.3.1 Power Conditioning Units / Inverter
The Power Conditions Units used in grid connect SPV systems consist of an
Inverter and other electronics for MPPT, Synchronization and remote monitoring.
The inverter is the most complicated part of the PV system. It has to act as the
interface between the PV array and the Grid. As the PV array output varies with
the solar radiation the inverter has to cope with the same.

The main functions carried out by the PCU are as follows:

Change the following DC received from PV modules into AC with suitable power
quality. The inverter produces sinusoidal AC wave forms with low harmonics
distortion.

The inverter also has to act as a protective device of the system. It needs to trip
out if the voltage, current or frequency goes outside acceptable ranges.
Pulse width modulation is used to generate a wave form as near as possible to
a sine wave. High speed switching device are used to generate pulses of the
devices mainly used for inverter circuitry. Inverter efficiencies are now reaching
about 95% commercially, mainly by deploying new switching topologies.

3 TECHNOLOGY SELECTED FOR PROJECT

Solar panels with Monocrystalline technology,having efficiency of 20%have been
used in the project.

4 PROJECTION DESIGN
The major equipments and materials associated with 930 Kwp grid connected
solar power plant are:

Solar module of composite 930 kWp capacity including mounting frames,

structures and interconnection cables.
Array Junction Boxes and Main Junction Boxes.
Power Conditioning Units (PCU)
LT Switch gear interface Panel.
315V/11 KV Generation Transformer and associated switch gear.
HT Switch Gear Panel with protection, indication and measurement instruments.
Earthing System for DC and AC System.

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Data Acquisition system with remote monitoring facilitates.

The total capacity of the 930 kWp solar power plant is divided into sub arrays of
250 kWp Monocrystalline solar modules.

The Junction boxes shall be dust, vermin and water proof; each array junction
boxes shall have suitable reverse blocking diodes and MCB’s for surge protection.
These solar modules are mounted on single module mounting structures specially
designed for fixing over Kalzip railing. The outputs of the Main Junction Boxes
connected to the Power Conditioning Units (PCU) for converting the DC power
into AC power and then export the solar energy into the grid through LT panel,
Transformer and HT Panel.

The PCU’s automatically turn on and off successively sensing the availability of
grid power and the Solar irradiation varies over the day. PCUs convert the DC
output of the photovoltaic arrays into the three phase AC power using, reliable,
high efficiency IGBT as the primary switching devices. The PCU’s having all the
necessary automatic synchronization equipments built inside to sync with grid
and export the solar energy. The PCU’s has the built in Isolation transformers
to provide the galvanic isolation when solar array is grounded and it allow the
inverter to match voltage of utility grid.

The output of the PCU’s connected to the LT Panel trough suitable incoming
breaker,measuring instruments, selector switches and mimic diagram. The
output of LT interface panel connected by bus duct to the 0.290/11KV step up
Transformer. The generation transformer shall be having all the required monitoring
and protection equipments. The output of transformer connected to the fully draw
out type HT panel and HT Vacuum circuit breaker. HT Panel is built with protective
relays, auxiliary relays, control switches, indicating lamps, enunciators and mimic
diagram. The output of the HT panel shall be connected to the utility grid point
with required metering panel for grid export.

The computer aided data acquisition system provided to continuously monitor

and record the various parameter of solar power plant both on DC and AC side.
This data shall be saved in the local PC and same can be controlled from remotely
through the telephone line.

The data acquisition system shall measure and continuously recording of the
following parameters.
i. Control room temperature
ii. Ambient air temperature near Array field
iii. Module back surface temperature
iv. Wind speed at the level of Array Plane

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v. Solar irradiation incidental to Array Plane

vi. Inverter Output
vii. System Frequency
viii. DC Bus Output
ix. Energy Delivered to the GRID in KW/h
x. Generated Output in KW/hrs.

All data shall be recorded chronologically data wise. The data file shall be MS excel
compatible. The data logger shall have internal reliable battery backup to record
all sorts of data simultaneously round the clock. All data shall be represented in
graphics mode or in tabulation mode in the computer screen.

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3. Implementation of Green Building ratings

3..1 Ratings & Certifications
RATING SYSTEMS ( Adopted in Indira Paryavaran Bhawan)
(1) LEED India Platinum Rating of IGBC (Indian Green Building Council,
Hyderabad)
Maximum Points : 69(as per LEED-NC version1.0 of 2007)(maximum
points are 100 as per LEED-NC 2011)

Rating Points required

Certification 26-32
Silver Rating 33-38
Gold 39-51
Platinum 52-69

The rating system is organised into five environmental categories:

• Sustainable Sites
• Water Efficiency
• Energy & Atmosphere
• Materials & Resources
• Indoor, Environmental Quality.

An additional category, Innovation & Design Process, addresses sustainable

building expertise as well as design measures not covered under the five
environmental categories.

LEED Prerequisites: The LEED NC rating system has 7 prerequisites, all of which
need to be met even if credit points are not attempted under a particular section.
The initial analysis indicates that the documentation and proofs required for
submittal is currently not available and efforts will need to be put in to accumulate,
consolidate and integrate all the available data so that a proper submittal as
required by IGBC can be compiled.

The prerequisites are:

o Erosion and Sedimentation Control
o Fundamental Building systems commissioning
o Minimum energy performance
o CFC reduction in HVAC

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o Storage and collection of recyclables

o Minimum IAQ performance
o Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) control

(2) GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) 5 Star Rating of
GRIHA, New Delhi of MNRE (Ministry of Non-Renewable Energy) through TERI
(The Energy Resources Institute) and ADaRSH (Association for Development
and Research of Sustainable Habitats)
Maximum Points : 100
(104 including 4 innovation points)

The rating system is organised into five environmental categories:

• Sustainable Site planning
• Water Management
• Energy Management
• Materials Management
• Waste management
• Health & well being
• Audit& Validation
• Operation& Maintenance
• Innovation

Rating Points (percentage)

50-60

61-70

71-80

81-90

91-100

An additional category, Innovation , addresses sustainable building expertise as

well as design measures not covered under the five environmental categories.

GRIHA non-applicability clause: The set of 34 criteria of GRIHA is broadly classified

into 2 categories- applicable & selectively applicable. The selectively applicable
criteria are those that may not apply to a project due to technical constraints or
due to the fact that its application may not add sufficient environmental benefit in

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the rating scale. The registered project shall not apply for these criteria and all the
selectively applicable criteria shall be decided at the registration stage. These
criteria & corresponding non-applicability conditions are:

o Criterion 2
􀂃 Preserve top soil: Contaminated sites / sites that do not have good quality
top soil worth storing for reuse
􀂃 Preserve existing vegetation OR Trees / plants replanted within site
premises in ratio of 1:3 : Sites that are devoid of trees
o Criterion 3
􀂃 Proper top soil laying for vegetative growth: Contaminated sites / sites
that do not have good quality top soil worth storing for reuse
o Criterion 19
􀂃 Renewable energy base hot water system for 20% to 100% of annual hot
water requirement: If hot water requirement is less than 500 litres per day.
o Criterion 20- Waste water treatment
􀂃 Treated water should meet disposal or reuse standards: If waste water
generation on site is less than 10 kl per day.
o Criterion 21- Waste water recycle & reuse (including rainwater)
􀂃 Recharge of surplus rainwater into aquifer: For sites that have high water
table where recharge is not advisable as per Central Government Water
Board (CGWB) norms.
o Criterion 24- Storage & disposal of wastes
􀂃 Provision of space for hygienic storage of segregated waste: If organic
waste generation is less than 100 kg per day.
GRIHA mandatory points: The GRIHA rating system has 13 core points
which are which are mandatory to be met for the project to be certified.
Unlike the pre-requisites in the LEED NC rating system, these mandatory
clauses also have points credited to them except for Site selection criterion
and the Energy Audit & Validation Criterion.
The GRIHA mandatory points are
o Site selection: The site plan must be in conformity to the development plan /
master plan / UDPFI guidelines.
o Effective erosion & sedimentation control
o If applicable, preserve existing vegetation OR trees / plants replanted within
site premises in ratio of 1:3
o Total surface parking not to exceed as permitted by local bye law
o Minimum sanitation/safety facilities for construction workers

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o Optimise building design to reduce conventional energy demand

o Compliance with energy conservation building code
o Achievement of the benchmarked EPI (Energy Performance Index)
o Renewable energy utilization of rated capacity equal to or more than 1% of
internal lighting & space conditioning connected loads or its equivalent in the
building
o If applicable, filtration system ensuring contamination of aquifer by recharged
rainwater
o Minimise ozone depleting substances
o Ensure water quality
o Energy audit & validation
o Operation & maintenance

RELEVANT MANUALS /CODES

1. GRIHA MANUALS (5 Volumes) – Volume 1 available on www.grihaindia.org.–
Information on same URL about sale of other Volumes
2. LEED INDIA Reference Guide – Information on sale at www.igbc.in.
3. ECBC 2007 (Energy Conservation Building Code of BEE ie. Bureau of Energy
Efficiency)
4. NBC 2005 (National Building Code of India)

IMPLEMENTATION OF GRIHA Rating:

Procedure for registration of construction projects for obtaining GRIHA Pre-
certification and Rating, is given on the web site grihaindia.org .

The step by step procedure laid down at Para 1.6.2 of GRIHA Manual Vol 1 has
been followed in the Indira Paryavaran Bhawan Project.

The Project was registered with

GRIHA in May 2010, at the pre
construction stage(construction
started in February 2011). Services
of a Green Building Consultant were
engaged in the month of March 2010
through a consultancy contract for
Field visits were conducted by the
GRIHA/Adarsh teams on three
occasions during the progress of
work and suggestions for correction
or improvement, made during the visits, were complied with.

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The Indira Paryavaran Bhawan has been provisionally certified with Five Star
rating under GRIHA on 16th January 2014 during GRIHA Summit 2014. Final
certification shall be after energy auditing of the building for minimum one year
after complete occupation. The building is in the process of occupation since 1st
week of June 2014.

In accordance with the Office Memorandum by the Ministry of Environment and

Forests (MoEF), Government of India, ADaRSH has proposed a procedure that
will enable fast track environmental clearance through GRIHA pre-certification.

The Project did not apply for pre certification, as that option was not available at
that point of time.

IMPLEMENTATION OF LEED India Rating:

Following the formation of the Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) in 2001, a
Core Committee was set up with the objective of indigenizing the LEED rating
system for the Indian context.The first LEED India rating programme, referred
to as LEED India Version 1.0, was launched during the Green Building Congress
Conference in October 2006. The latest version of the rating system is called the
LEED 2011 for India – New Construction and Major Renovations, or ‘LEED 2011
for India-NC’.

Project teams interested in obtaining LEED-NC certification for their project must
first register their intent with the IGBC, through the ‘Register Your Project’ link on
the website (www.igbc.in).

The LEED 2011 for India Reference Guide is a supporting document to the Rating
System. The guide is intended to assist project teams in understanding the rating
system and the benefits of complying with each criterion

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In Indira Paryavaran Bhawan Project, registration was done for certification using
LEED India –NC Version 1.0 of January 2007, where in evaluation is against total
69 points. As per LEED 2011, evaluation is against total 100 points.

For certification of LEED India, required documentation has already been submitted
following the procedure laid down in LEED-NC reference guide Version1.0 and
Platinum rating certification is awaited from IGBC.

3.2 Green Features adopted

A. GRIHA 5 STAR RATING:
Summary:
A summary of the evaluation of different criteria , as done by GRIHA in the Indira
Paryavaran Bhawan project , is given below.

GRIHA GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) is the

National Rating System for Green
Intent Indira Paryavaran Bhawan (IPB), New Delhi was evaluated ccording
to the benchmarks
GRIHA Compliance with GRIHA mandatory criteria must be demonstrated
Mandates before a GRIHA Rating is awarded. Non- ompliance with mandatory
criterion shall disqualify the project from attempting a GRIHA
Rating.
GRIHA GRIHA criteria have points assigned to it and project intending to
Points qualify have to comply with the benchmarks and guidelines and
submit documentation in the prescribed format. Points are awarded
after monitoring, validation and review of documents/photographs
submitted 98 (100-2) points are applicable to the project of which
the project is attempting 97 (93+4 innovations) points.
GRIHA Some criteria may not apply to a project due to technical onstraints
Selectively or due to insufficient environmental benefit on compliance. The
Applicable project is rated on the applicable points only. The IPB has opted
criterion for non-applicability for 2 points.
Achieved The project has been awarded 91 points (89 + 2 innovations) by
the evaluation committee of ADaRSH (Association of evelopment
and Research of Sustainable Habitats) on providing necessary
documentation and demonstrating compliance with mandatory
criterion under GRIHA Three (3) site visits were conducted during
the construction of the building May 11th, 2011, May 26th, 2013 &
December 21st, 2014 respectively. Compliance for criterions were
verified during these site visits conducted by ADaRSH officials.
Site visit reports shall be shared on request.

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Denied The project has been denied points in particular criteria due to
non-compliance with the requirements of the criterion or due to
incomplete submission of documents. The project has been denied
6 (4+2 innovations) points.
GRIHA *****
Rating 91% (89/98 Points) – GRIHA Five Star Provisional Rating One Star
Rating : 51 – 60 % ; Two Star Rating : 61 – 70 % ; Three Star Rating
: 71 – 80 % ; Four Star Rating : 81 – 90 % ; Five Star Rating : 91 –
100 %

The project has attempted 4 bonus points and has been awarded 2 bonus points.

Break up of points – 89+2 (bonus points) = 91 Points

Please note: 2 Points of criterion 34 are not considered in the total marks. They
are bonus points.

Criterion wise detail of points targeted and points award in the Indira Paryavaran
Bhawan Project, is given in the table below.

Maximum Points Points

CREDIT Item Remarks
Points Targeted Awarded
Criterion 1 Site selection 1 1 1
Preserve & protect
Criterion 2 landscape during 5 5 5
construction
Soil conservation (till
Criterion 3 2 2 2
post-construction)
Design to include site
Criterion 4 4 4 4
features
Criterion 5 Reduced hard paving 2 2 1 1 point denied
Outdoor lighting
Criterion 6 3 3 3
system efficiency
Efficient utilities
planning & optimum
Criterion 7 3 3 3
site circulation
efficiency
Minimum sanitation/
Criterion 8 safety facilities for 2 2 2
construction workers
Air pollution reduction
Criterion 9 2 2 2
during construction

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Reduce landscape
Criterion 10 3 2 2
water requirement
Criterion 11 Reduce building water 2 2 2
Efficient water use
Criterion 12 1 1 1
during construction
Optimize building
design to reduce
Criterion 13 8 8 8
conventional energy
demand
Optimize energy
Criterion 14 16 16 16
performance
Criterion 15 Utilisation of flyash 6 6 6
Reduce volume &
weight, and time
Criterion 16 of construction by 4 2 2
adopting efficient
technologies
Use low energy
Criterion 17 4 4 3
materials in interiors
Renewable energy
Criterion 18 5 5 5
utilisation
Renewable energy
Criterion 19 based hot water 3 3 3
system
Criterion 20 Waste water treatment 2 2 2
2 points for Rain water
Water recycle & reuse
Criterion 21 5 3 1 harvesting not applicable.
(including rainwater)
Other 2points denied
Necessary
Construction waste
Criterion 22 1 1 0 documentation not
reduction
submitted.1 point denied
To be checked during
Criterion 23 Waste segregation 1 1 1
final rating
To be checked during
Criterion 24 Storage & disposal 1 1 1
final rating
No documentation
Criterion 25 Resource recovery 2 0 0
submitted.
Criterion 26 Low emitting materials 3 3 3
Minimize ozone
Criterion 27 1 1 1
depleting substances
To be checked during
Criterion 28 Ensure water quality 2 2 2
final rating

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Acceptable indoor & To be checked during

Criterion 29 2 2 2
outdoor noise levels final rating
Tobacco & smoke To be checked during
Criterion 30 1 1 1
control final rating
Criterion 31 Universal accessibility 1 1 1
Energy audit & To be evaluated post
Criterion 32 0 0 0
validation occupancy
Operation &
Criterion 33 2 2 2
Maintenance
Out of 100 max
points,evaluation is done
for applicable 98 points
Total 100 93 89
only. 2 points against
criteriaon 21 are not
applicable
GRIHA Innovation points
1. Automated parking
system, thus zero
1 1 1
tolerance of surface
parking.
2. Education point +
1 1 1
Web site
3. 100% use of
renewable energy for 1 1 0 1 point Denied
electrical load.
4. Recharge of grnd
1 1 0 1 point Denied
extracted water
Total 104 97 91

The 34 criteria adopted in the rating system, are grouped into different areas of
sustainability, as shown below(source: Summary of GRIHA criteria page 45 Manual
Volume 1 GRIHA) and are detailed out accordingly.

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c1 Site selection A 1

Sutainable Site Planning

17 Points Rating c 22 Reduction in waste during A 1

Waste Management
5
construction
c2 Preserve and protect landscape SA 5 50-60
during construction
61-70 c 23 Efficient waste segregation A 1
c3 Soil conservation (post consruction) SA 2
71-80
c4 Design to include existing site A 4 17
features c 24 Storage and disposal of waste SA 1 5
81-90
c5 Reduce hard paving on site A 2
81-90
c7 Plan utilities efficiently and optimize A 3 c 25 Resource recovery from waste A 2
onsite circulation efficiency

c8 Provide at least min level of safety A 2

Health & Wellbeing

c 10 Reduce landscape water A 3 Water Mangement 13 14
requirement facilities for construction workers

c 11 Reduce building waterZ use A 2 c9 Reduce air pollution during A 2

construction Construction

c26 Use of low VOC paints/adhesive/ A 3

c 12 Efficient water use during A 1 10 sealant
construction
c27 Minimize ozone depleting A 1 14
substances
c 20 Waste water treatment SA 2 c28 Ensure water quality A 2

c29 Acceptable noise levles A 2

c 21 Water recycle and reuse SA 5
c30 Tobacco and smoke control A 1

c31 Universal acessiblity A 1

GRIHA
C6 Enhance outdoor lighting system A 3
Energy optimisation

35 c 32 Energy audit and validation A

Building Operation & Maintenance

2
efficiency and renewable energy
c 33 Operations and aintenance A 2 2
C13 Optimize building design to A 8 protocol for electrical and
reduce conventional energy mechanical equipment
demand

C14 Optimize energy erformance of A 16 34

building within specified comfort

C18 Renewable energy utillzation A 5

C19 Renewable energy based hot SA 3

water system

Total Points 100

92
C15 Utilization of fly ash in building A 6
Sustainable Building materials

14
structure C34 innovation (beyond 100) A 4 4
C16 Reduce volume, weight A 4 4
and time of construction by
adopting efficient technology A Applicable
(such as pre-cast systems,
ready-mix concrete). SA Selectively
applicable
C17 Use low energy materials in A 4 10
interiors Mandatory
Total Points including innovation points 104
Partly
Mandatory 96

Summary of GRIHA Criteria

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a) SUSTAINABLE SITE PLANNING

Criterion 1 – Site selection
Criterion 2 - Preserve and protect landscape during construction
Criterion 3 - Soil Conservation (till post-construction)
Criterion 4 - Design to include existing site features
Criterion 5 - Reduce hard paving on-site and/or provide shaded hard paved
surfaces
Partly Mandatory
Criterion 7 - Plan utilities efficiently and optimize on-site circulation efficiency

Criterion 1 – Site selection

Objective:The Project site is to be selected such that the development does
not cause damage to the natural surroundings of the site and the selected
site conforms to the development plan and the local bye laws and existing
transportation service is within ½ km radius.

Compliance:
The project is located at Jor Bagh, New Delhi which is at a distance of 520 meters
from Jor Bagh Metro Station . Also two (2) numbers of bus stops are located
nearby. Sanctioned drawing from the local authorities is in compliance with the
Urban Development Plans Formulation & Implementation (UDPFI) guidelines. The
Project had obtained all clearances like Environment Clearance certificate, NOC
(No Objection Certificate) from Delhi Urban Art Commission (DUAC), New Delhi
Municipal Council(NDMC),Gazette Notification for land re-classification, NOC
from Delhi Fire Service & NOC from Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) and
Airports Authority of India(AAI). Necessary infrastructure and services like market
place, ATM, banks, medical facilities, metro station and bus stand are located
within 2 km from site boundary.

Out of max 1point , 1 point has been awarded.

Jor Bagh Metro Station Jor Bagh Market

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Criterion 2 - Preserve and protect landscape during construction

Objective: is to preserve and protect existing vegetation, trees & soil and to
prevent soil erosion, water run-off on the site during construction.

Compliance:- Out of total 79 existing trees, 48 were preserved and 20 were

transplanted & remaining 11 were cut. To comply with the GRIHA requirement;
75 new trees (minimum requirement as per 1:3 ratio) have been planted along the
site boundary. Top soil removed from the excavated area has been re-used to
support the new vegetation.

The Project site has residential accommodations earlier, these are demolished
when the land was allocated to MoEF for their office building, there was a park in
the area which has good earth rest all area has demolished debris of the earlier
accommodation. The top 20 cm fertile soil of the park is extracted and saved on
our land on the North East side. The natural slope of the area is towards east.
Main area of the plot was under excavation, approx 86 by 68 sqm. The North
West portion has been utilized for cement storage, T&P storage, supervisor’s rest
rooms, curing tank for cover blocks, electric meter room, Refilling & Maintenance
yard, Fire Extinguishers, Dustbins, Sand Storage. The North East portion is utilized
for steel storage, steel cutting, bending and storing recyclable steel, main entry
of vehicle is on this corner so wheel washing facility has been provided there, a
gravel pit has been made to collect the water and again this water will be used
for wheel washing and also for other construction activities, shuttering yard &
workshop, one entry/exit of vehicles is on the north side so a wheel washing and
collection chamber is provided there. The East side is utilized for steel storage,
steel cutting, bending and storing recyclable steel, D.G. Set Station, Dewatering
Supervisor Rest Room, Refilling Yard, fire extinguisher, dustbins, Electric Meter
and change room, South side on the back of Site office is utilized for Associates
room, Hazardous waste room, Paint and solvent store, scaffolding store, Storage
for Kota Stone, Soil Storage, Mobile Crèche, change room for labour, toilet and
other facilities for labour, Dustbins.

Out of max 5 points , 5 points have been awarded.

Barricading, dust prevention Cement Store

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Steel Yard North East Gravel Pit(it also works as an interface

point for dewatering+interim storage before
further pumping)

Tool & Plants Store Fire Buckets and Tree Protection

Criterion 3 - Soil Conservation (till post-construction)

The intent of criterion 3 is to preserve the fertile top soil on site and re-use it for
landscape purposes at a later stage. The minimum quantity of the top soil to be
preserved shall be equivalent to the quantity of top soil required for landscaping
on the site.

Compliant –. Top soil removed from the excavated area has been re-used in
post-occupancy landscape activities.

The top 20 cm fertile soil of the park is extracted and preserved on our land on the
North East side. The Soil has been protected with building toe walls around and
having green barricades to protect it from being overrun by surrounding activity.
The ground has been planted over with grass and shrubs to protect the soil and
to have these plants ready for landscaping the finished building.

Out of max 2 points , 2 points have been awarded.

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Top soil being taken off for Top soil Storage Top soil preserved in 40 cm height
preservation stack

Criterion 4 - Design to include existing site features

Objective:
The design of the building should complement the existing site conditions such
that there is minimum disruption to natural site features. A detailed site analysis
is required to ensure sustainable site development.

Compliance:
Site inventory features:
- The vehicular movement has been planned in such a way that there is minimum
disruption to the site.
- There is a setback in the front elevation (North) to preserve existing trees on
the North side.
- The 100% of electricity requirements of the building is generated by the on-
site Roof-top Solar-PV cells.
- The Solar-PV also acts as shading device for the central courtyard.
- Building is North-South oriented hence having minimal heat gain. East- West
sides are minimized.
- All the black & grey water is treated on site and reused in landscaping and air
conditioning purpose.
Building level design features:
- Adequate Day-lighting for each room is achieved through appropriate design
of fenestrations and through central courtyard.
- Windows are located on North & South facades.
- Cross ventilation is facilitated at the micro level through openings.
- No built space created on East & West sides other than connecting passages
to allow maximum cross ventilation from East-West side.
- Minimum Built spaces given on lower floors to allow natural ventilation on
central courtyard.

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- Well landscaped Central Courtyard with water fountain allows evaporative

cooling. Also, a thermo-syphon is created in the courtyard for natural cooling.
Out of max 4 points , 4points have been awarded.

Criterion 5 - Reduce hard paving on-site and/or provide shaded hard paved
surfaces Partly Mandatory
As a mandatory requirement of criterion 5, the total surface parking must not
exceed as permitted by the local bye-laws. To achieve 2 points (optional) in
criterion 5, net paved area of the site under parking, roads, paths or any other
use should not exceed 25% of the site area or net imperviousness of site cannot
exceed the imperviousness factor as prescribed by National Building Code and
50% of paved area must have pervious paving /open grid pavements / grass
pavers; or shaded by vegetative roof / pergola; or topped with a material with
solar reflectance of 0.5 or higher.

Compliance:. Entire parking requirement (334 ECS) is provided for in the 3

basements. There is absolutely no provision for surface parking, although surface
parking is permitted as per local byelaws. Only 3 numbers of parking spaces are
provided at surface level exclusively for persons with disabilities & are paved with
grass pavers. More than 50% of the total paved area is shaded by trees and self-
shading by the building block.

Non-Compliance- As per online calculator of GRIHA, Net Paved area on site

under parking, roads, hard paved areas etc, is 24.62%. The central courtyard has
been considered under as 50% softscaped & 50% hardscaped. After including
central courtyard areas into the calculations the 33.41% of site have been found
as hard paved; hence 1 point has been denied.

Out of max 2 points , 1points has been awarded.

To reduce the net paved area, the
internal circulation roads with regular
vehicular movement are provided
with CC paver blocks and those
meant for emergency fire tender
movement, are provided with PVC
grass paver blocks.Although PVC
paver blocks are more expensive
than CC Paver blocks, they are used
to ensure more perviousness of the
surfaces. The PVC pavers have 90%
openings , whereas CC blocks have
only 40-50% openings.

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Criterion 7 - Plan utilities efficiently and optimize on-site circulation efficiency
Objective:
To achieve 3 points in criterion 7, transportation and service corridors on site
should be minimized to avoid unnecessary cutting and trenching of land. All
utilities must be aggregated and consolidated along previously disturbed areas
or along new roads to ensure easy maintenance and minimum damage to the
site. There is one point allocated to each clause.

Compliance:
Utility lines are clubbed together in three different locations for safety & security
purpose (Electrical channels are located along with site boundary walls, Sewage
Channel is located inner edge of vehicular road & closer to building block and
Portable water & Rain Water Channels are located at outer edge of vehicular
roads). These service corridors run parallel to the transportation corridor.
Pedestrian pathways are shaded by trees planted along the periphery of the site
and self-shading by the building block.

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All the service areas within the building are consolidated to the thermally
problematic east and west sides. All the utility lines are located along the vehicular
paths on cast and west sides. The bulk civil and E&M services like substation, AC
plant room, DG set room, water supply pumping station, sewage treatment plant,
etc. are all located in the basements. There is no service/utility of any nature that
is located above the Ground Level and outside the building.
Out of max 3 points , 3points have been awarded.

WATER MANAGEMENT
Criterion 10 - Reduce landscape water requirement
Criterion 11 - Reduce the water use by the building
Criterion 12 - Efficient water use during construction
Criterion 20 – Waste-water treatment
Criterion 21 – Water recycle and reuse (including rainwater)

Criterion 10 - Reduce landscape water requirement

Objective: To achieve 3 points in criterion 10, the project must demonstrate
reduction in the annual water requirement for landscape purposes on site. The
intent of the criterion is to minimize depletion of ground water resources and
reduce the demand for municipal water. The project shall be awarded 1 – 3 points
depending upon the total percentage reduction in water consumption from base
case scenario, ranging from 30% to 50%, for landscape purpose on site.

Compliance: The project has demonstrated a reduction in water consumption

by 44.38% compared to the base case scenario by adopting necessary water
saving measures like micro sprinkler irrigation system and use of native species
on site. Installation of Drip-Irrigation irrigation system at terrace landscaped areas
has been done.

Native plants like Sita Ashok, Amla, Kachnar, etc have been used in abundance
which have nearly no artificial irrigation requirement.

Most of lawn areas have been shaded by the trees, reducing the evaporation rate
and hence reduction in irrigation requirement.

Efficient irrigation equipments like sprinkler systems for general landscaping

and drip irrigation system for terrace landscape irrigation have been used.

Out of max 2 points , 2points has been awarded.

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Criterion 11 - Reduce the water use by the building

Objective: To achieve 2 points in criterion 11, the project must demonstrate

reduction in the annual water consumption in the building by using efficient
fixtures and sensors. The project shall be awarded 1 – 2 points depending upon
the total percentage reduction in water consumption from base case scenario,
ranging from 25% to 50%, in the building.

Compliant – The project has demonstrated a reduction in water consumption by

64.25% compared to the base case scenario by installing fixtures with low flow
rate. The building water consumption in design case is 30080.0 LPD as compared
to the water consumption in base case which is 84150.0 LPD.

This reduction in overall use of water is being achieved due to following

conservation measures. Percentage reduction against each of these categories
of water use is as below.
1. Low demand land scaping.
2. Low discharge water fixtures.
3. Reduction in soft water for AC make up cooling towers, due to Geothermal
cooling system.

The building is equipped with low flow fixtures. Sensor based Urinals have been
used with minimal pre flushing and post flushing system. This system, not only
saves a huge quantum of water, as compared to the conventional system, but also
maintains hygiene, hence maintaining the health and well-being of occupants.

The WCs use a low water consuming dual flushing system which saves a huge
quantity of water by reducing flow rates as well as by providing option of need
based use.

The faucets used are low flow ones and use aerators.

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Flow rates of faucets at 80psi (5.5bar) wash basin faucets (Jaquar CON-021KN,
Jaquar CON-167KNB) with 6.4LPM.

Geo thermal cooling system adopted for air conditioning in the building, is
contributing significantly to the reduction in water consumption by eliminating
the need for a cooling tower of capacity 160TR.

Out of max 2 points , 2points have been awarded.

Criterion 12 - Efficient water use during construction

To achieve 1 point in criterion 12, the project must demonstrate measures adopted
to minimize use of potable water during construction activity.

Compliant – The project has demonstrated measures adopted to prevent water

loss during curing and other construction activities. Pre-mixed concrete and
curing agent has been used to ensure efficient water use during construction.
Concrete batching plant was also installed on site to reduce water consumption
during construction. The project did a contract with NDMC to supply water for
entire period of construction of building.

Out of max 1 point , 1point has been awarded.

Criterion 20 – Waste-water treatment

Objective:
The objective of criterion 20 is provide a waste water treatment plant on site to
promote re-use of waste water on site and reduce dependency on potable water.

Compliance:
On an average 30KL of waste water would be generated per day out of
which2KLwould be lost in Sludge and evaporation loss.

Out of 28KLD of treated water, 20KLD(soft water) would be used for A/C cooling
towers irrigation and scrubber make-up and the remaining 4KLD would be used
for landscape purpose.

The Sewage Treatment Plant is compact, odour free and would consume low
power. The plant has been installed in 3rd basement and would generate minimum
amount of excess sludge.

The STP is designed for 30KLD capacity. (The STP was initially proposed for 80
KLD but due to the use of efficient fixtures, the sewage generation was reduced,
hence the STP was downsized to 30 KLD.) The STP uses MBBR/ Fab tank with
the compact EM technology for the treatment (chemical treatment).

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Since it is a small site, Dual plumbing system has not been used. Grey water and
black water has been integrated together which aids also in the STP technology
to be employed.

The flow diagram of treatment process is shown below

The Plant provides for Tertiary treatment through Pressure Sand Filter Cum
Activated Carbon Filter Column for the removal of suspended solids & removal
of colour after disinfection.

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The wateri n STP would be treated upto secondary standards and the standards
of the Effluent Discharge after treatment shall be as follows:

Parameters Value
pH 6.0–8.5
BOD5 Less than 10 Mg/L
Suspended Solids Less than 10 Mg / L
COD Less than 60 Mg / L
Oil & Grease Less than 10 Mg / L
Coliform count < 103 at the CCT outlet

Excess sludge generated from the bottom of the tube settler would be transferred
to Sludge Holding Tank. In this tank, sludge would be aerated & thickened by clear
supernatant withdrawal method. After thickening the sludge would be further fed
to filter press for mechanical sludge de-watering. Cake form sludge after the filter
press would be used as wet manure at external horticulture area.

Out of max 2 points , 2points have been awarded.

Criterion 21 – Water recycle and reuse (including rainwater)

Objective:
of criterion 21 is to utilize treated water and rainwater for various applications
(including groundwater recharge) to reduce the load on both the municipal
supplies as well as the sewerage system, and to improve the groundwater table.
To achieve points under criterion 21, the project must demonstrate use of treated
waste water and/or rainwater to meet certain percentage of annual water demand.
The project shall be awarded 1 – 3 points to demonstrate minimum 25% - 75%
annual water reuse. Additional 2 points shall be awarded to recharge surplus
rainwater into the aquifer.

Compliantce: The project has demonstrated around 48% annual water re-use
by using STP treated water on site.

Water Balance Diagram For Summer

All figures in KiloLitres / Day (KLD)
Municipal Water Supply Demand = 42 KLD
Recycled Water Requirement = 25 KLD

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Municipal Water Supply

42 KLD

Storage Tank

Water Requirement Domestic use

for Water Bodies 21 KLD
3 KLD

10 KLD 95% = 19 KLD

8 KLD 27 KLD
STP (Capacity 30 KLD) Sludge & Evaporation
Treated Effluent @95 % = Loss 2 KLD
25 KLD
100% = 8 KLD
2 KLD 15 KLD
8 KLD

Toilets Floor Mopping Soft Water to AC

Flushing 2 KLD make- up Cooling
8 KLD Towers 15 KLD

For Landscape purpose

10+8=18 KLD

Not-Applicable
As the water table of project site is
5 meter hence rain water harvesting
is not suggested.Therefore 2 points
are not considered applicable for this
project

Rainwater is being stored in rainwater

recharge pits for slow percolation to
the ground .It will not be reused for

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any purpose in the building, hence, no treatment is required. Oil & Grease Traps
are not required in this case as there is no vehicular movement near the rainwater
recharge pits.

Two rainwater recharge pits of 36 cum each have been used at site.

The storm water runoff from rooftop and site is collected and sent first through a
catch basin where the solids settle down. The water is then passed to the storage
tank where the water is stored during peak rainfall period. At the base of the tank
is a 600mm thick layer of coarse sand, with granules of size 1.5 to 2mm. Beneath
the coarse sand is another 600mm thick layer of gravel of size 5 to 20mm. Beneath
the gravel layer is an 800mm thick layer of stone ballast of size 5 to 20mm. When
the water passes through these three layers, the remaining suspended solids in
the water are absorbed in these layers and the water is filtered to the groundwater
slowly.

Out of max 5 points , 2 points are not applicable and out of 3 points applicable
1point has been awarded.

ENERGY OPTIMISATION
1. Criterion 6 -Enhance outdoor lighting system efficiency and use renewable
energy system for meeting outdoor lighting requirement
2. Criterion 13- Optimze Building design to reduce conventional energy demand
3. Criterion 14- Optimize energy performance of building within specified comfort
limits
4. Criterion 18 – Renewable energy utilization
5. Criterion 19 – Renewable-energy-based hot water system

Criterion 6 - Enhance outdoor lighting system efficiency and use renewable

energy system for meeting outdoor lighting requirement
Objective:The objective is to ensure reduction in energy consumption in outdoor
lighting by using fixtures of high luminous efficacy ,with automatic controls and
powered by renewable sources of energy.

Compliance:
Luminous efficacy: Reduction in energy consumption is ensured also in outdoor
lighting system by using fixtures of high luminous efficacy, with automatic controls
, powered by renewable sources of energy LEDs used for entire outdoor lighting
including Security lighting, Street lighting , Landscape lighting and Facade
lighting are as per GRIHA benchmarks.. Luminous efficacy of each type of lamp
used is varying from 50 to 87 lm/W against the bench mark of 50 lm/W.For facade

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lighting ,as per ECBC, lighting power density should be 2 W/sq m., where as the
system designed for the building is with 0.78 W/sq m

Lighting controls: All outdoor lights are fitted with automatic controls. Feeder
pillar with photocell relay sensing day light levels & time switch for automatic ON/
OFF control of all outdoor lights is provided.

Renewable energy:
This is a net positive building with 930kWp solar power generation capacity.
Additionally,all outdoor lighting fixtures are also powered by stand alone solar
energy panels.

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Optimze Building design to reduce conventional energy demand

(Criteria 13 of GRIHA)
Objective: To achieve 8 points (6 mandatory and 2 optional) in criterion 13, the
building design must be climate responsive, effective SHGC (Solar Heat Gain
Coefficient) of the fenestration must confirm to the maximum SHGC requirement
as prescribed by ECBC 2007, WWR (Window Wall Ratio) shall not exceed 60%,
minimum 25% of living areas shall be day-lighted and artificial lighting levels in
indoor spaces shall confirm to the benchmarks of National Building Code 2005.
The project shall be awarded additional 1 - 2 points depending upon the total
percentage of day-lighted zone in living areas, ranging from 50% to 75%.

Compliance:
Out of max 8 points , 8 points have been awarded.

Summary:
Solar Passive Design:

Building Orientation : Longer sides facing North & South

Building envelope :
Thermal Buffer zones : Toilets, staircases, Corridors, Lifts & Service
areas along with East & West Facades
Window Wall Ratio : 17%
Skylight -Roof ration : 5%
Effective SHGC of Fenestrations : 0.25
Daylighted area : 75.1% of total living area
Day Light Factor : As per Handbook on functional requirements
of buildings (SP41) in all the living spaces.
Other Aspects of Design :
Wall assembly : U value 0.37 W/m2K( ECBC 0.44)
Roof assembly : U value 0.26 W/m2K( ECBC 0.41)
Window Gazing : U value 1.50 W/m2K( ECBC 3.30)
LPD : Minimum allowable according to ECBC
2007(required here?)

Overdesigning of lighting system is avoided and Lux levels are maintained

according to NBC-2005

Details :
Generic orientation for the building is N-S as recommended (Refer Table 1
Criterion 13 or Table 3 NBC-2005). Maximum windows are placed on the Northern
and Southern side. Adequate shading devices are provided to the windows in
accordance with critical sun angles (Horizontal shadow angle & Vertical shadow
angle) and the SHGC has been calculated by calculation methodology given for

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It is opening
in open area N
in below
caurtyard.
This nis
open to
sky. Can be
covered with
polycarbon
ate
transparent
sheet if
required. There is
As it is not no sky
opening in light at this
any living North position.
space hence
it is not
considered
as sky
light for
calculation.

Effective SHGC (As per ECBC). The day lighted (DL) area for all the typical living
spaces are calculated as per GRIHA methodology to find that more than 75% of
living areas are day lighted.

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Climatic zone:
The site is in New Delhi, which lies in moderate climatic zone.

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Zoning:
The campus is mainly divided into four building blocks connecting through
passages and a central courtyard which facilitates ventilation & circulation to the
building as shown below:

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FACIA

WEST ELEVATION

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Passive design strategies employed

1. Orientation: Optimum orientation of buildings in India is with the longer
facades facing North& South to avoid summer heat gain and allow maximum
winter radiation and minimize E-W sun. So with this best orientation, this
building receives optimum daylighting during summers and winters. Also
optimum winter radiation will be received with adequately sized overhangs &
effectively cut down summer radiations and also minimizing solar exposure to
east & west facades(Refer Table 1 Criterion 13 or Table 3 NBC-2005)

As seen from the picture shown above , the north façade and west façade
would get maximum shade during morning sunshine hours in summers
Additionally, adequately sized PV solar module tensile structure over the
building effectively cut down direct solar radiation on each façade.

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As seen from the picture shown above that the north, south, east façade
would get maximum incident solar radiation during sunshine hours in winters,
which is always allowable inside the building.
2. Thermal Buffer zone: Typical floor plan (portion of repetitive block in plan) given
below shows that buffer spaces (such as Toilets, staircases, Corridors, Lifts
&Service areas etc.) are well placed along with eastern & western Facades .As
eastern& western Facades receive maximum insolation, all spaces adjoining
these Facades will have maximum heat gain.
3. Location of building openings: All building Blocks have maximum no of
openings in North and South Facade, Hence buildings would get least amount
of insolation.
4. Shading Design: All Fenestration shading is properly designed to block direct
sunlight .As East-West Façade is difficult to shade horizontally, so recessed
windows have been provided with vertical Fenestration on E-W Façade.
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient
The solar heat gain coefficient is the fraction of incident solar radiation admitted
through a window. It measures how well a fenestration blocks heat from the
sun. The lower the SHGC, better are the products in blocking unwanted heat
gain. SHGC is expressed as a number between 0 and 1.
As per GRIHA, the maximum allowable SHGC for living spaces is 0.25 & for
residential living spaces with operable windows it is 0.45(For Warm& Humid-
Vertical Fenestration) Similarly, for skylights it is 0.4(SRR<1%)
The SHGC of the Double Glazed Units used in windows is 0.32,but the
effective SHGC of the Vertical Fenestrations, after considering the effect of
shading design is calculated to be 0.25.
Shading analysis for courtyard:

Proper shading frame installed on central courtyard

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5. Sizing of openings:
Window-to-Wall Ratio & Skylight Roof Ratio
Window-to-Wall Ratio is the ratio of vertical fenestration area to gross exterior
wall area.
Gross exterior wall area is measured horizontally from the exterior surface; it
is measured vertically from the top of the floor to the bottom of the roof.
WWR= Net glazing area / Gross exterior wall area=17% in the Project
SRR= Net glazing area / Gross exterior roof area=1% in the Project

6. Adequate day lighting:

DAY LIGHTING:
In addition to proper orientation of the building,location and sizing of openings
including windows and sky lights, proper design of glazing of external windows
and some internal doors has contributed to achieving day lighting in 75.1%
of total living area.
The Glazing used for external windows has high VLT(Visual Light
Transimittaance) of 0.59 and a low SGHC of 0.32.
Many internal doors are also provided with glazing to ensure transfer of day
light across the depth and width of the building

DAYLIGHT FACTOR
Computer simulations were done for day lighting , using simulation software
for the target Day Light Factors,as recommended by NBC for various living
spaces.The following assumptions were made in the simulation exercise
Light scene - Uniform sky ; Climatic Zone - Composite Climate
Outside lux - 8000 ; Working plane - 750 mm
Internal Reflectance for Floor, Walls and Roof is 20%, 50% and 70%
respectively.
Other Aspects of Design:
1. Insulated Building Envelope:
i) Wall assembly : U value 0.37 W/m2K ( ECBC requirement 0.44)
ii). Roof assembly : U value 0.26 W/m2K ( ECBC requirement 0.41)
iii). Window Gazing : U value 1.50 W/m2K ( ECBC requirement 3.30)

Wall Assembly:
The entire building envelope has been designed in such a way that the thermal
conductivity values (U) of various elements of the envelope, are as below.

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Wall Assembly (conditioned Zones) : 0.37 W/m²~k

Wall Assembly (unconditioned Zones) : 2.07 W/m²~k
Fenestrations (windows) : 1.43 W/m²~k

Whole building energy simulation, which is an iterative software based exercise, is

done with the above set of parameters, which are considered feasible to achieve.
Only with these maximum levels of thermal conductivity of various elements
of building envelope, could we achieve the set goal of more than 40% energy
savings in the entire building as per criteria 14 of the GRIHA rating system.

The AC load, which constituted around 40% of the total power consumption of
the building, is reduced by about 45% (15% on account of building envelope
and 30% on account of other HVAC system features). Thus the well insulated
building envelope contributed to reduction of 6% (15% of 40%) of the total energy
consumption in the building.

Types of insulation of building envelope done in different locations in the project

are as below..
I. Outer wall conditioned spaces
a) North and South side Walls with stone cladding (Ground Floor and First
Floor)
b) East and West side Walls with Windows
c) East and West side wall without windows.

II. Walls between conditioned and unconditioned spaces.

Figure I a), I b), I c) and II respectively show the details of insulation carried out
in each of the above different situations

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FIRST FLOOR ( LVL.+4200)

200mm thk. AAC block

75 mm thk. rock wool

GR.FLOOR (LVL.+1200)

(LVL.±00)

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As can be seen from the above figures, insulation of wall with stone cladding
and insulation of RCC columns exposed to the outer surface of the building
envelope was a cumbersome arrangement.
Two different systems of units of ‘U’ and ‘R’ values (Conductance and
Resistance) are used by different people ,without some times mentioning the
actual unit used.

U-value R-value (I/U)

US system : Btu/hrft²~F hrft²~F/Btu
SI system : (Metric W/m²~K or W/m²~C m²~K/W or m²~C/W
system)

The ECBC code uses SI system everywhere. Whereas the figures that are
taken in the energy simulation software, are all following US system.

‘U’ value figure in SI system = 5.678 x ‘U’ value figure in US system.

‘R’ value figure in SI system = ( 1 /5.678) x R value figure in US system.

AAC (Autoclaved Aerated Concrete) block masonry in cement mortar 1:4.is

used in all external walls of the building as well as internal walls between the air
conditioned and non air conditioned spaces.

AAC blocks masonry is preferred

because of its excellent thermal
insulation properties. The co-efficient
of thermal conductivity of AAC blocks
is 0.16 W/mºK in comparison to 0.6 to
1.0W/ mºK of conventional clay bricks.

The rock wool insulation provided in

between outer and inner walls, has
very low thermal conductivity( almost
1/4th the thermal conductivity of AAC
blocks and 1/16th of conventional
bricks ) 5.678
Thermal Insulation using Rockwool

Roof Assembly :
The roof assembly in the building has been provided with a three layer insulationg
system, bringing down the U value of the assembly to 0.26 W/m2K from the
minimum required of 0.41 W/m2K as per ECBC guide lines.

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After laying the conventional brick koba treatment on the roof top, the surface
is covered with PUF(Poly Urethane Foam Insulation) of “Lloyd Insulations”make
and then by heat reflective tiles of “Thermatek” make.
The nomenclature of the items used for PUF insulation and heat reflective tiles
are as below.
----------------------------
1. Providing and laying on the sloped Roof-slab 40mm thick impervious,
sprayed, closed cell, UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR PROJECT SERVICES
(UNOPS) CERTIFIED CFC and HCFC free-Lloyd or equivalent Foam Rigid
Polyurethane foam over deck insulation conforming to IS-12432 Pt. III (density
of foam being 40-45 kg/cum). over a coat of polyurethane primer applied @6-8
m2/lt over the PUF Spray laying 400G polythene sheet with a wearing course
of 40mm thick cement screed 1:2:4 in chequered rough finish in panels of
2.5mtrs.x2.5mtrs with 24G wire netting embedded in between and sealing of
the joints with polymerized mastic.
2. Providing and fixing HEAT RESISTANT TERRACE TILES
(300mmX300mmX20mm) with SRI > 78 on waterproofed & sloped surface
of terrace in 20mm thick cement sand mortar in the ratio of 1:4 (1 cement:4
coarse sand) and grouting with white cement+marble powder in ratio of 1:1
including rubbing and polishing complete of the surface upto 3 cuts. Skirting
of 150mm provided alongwith the parapet walls.

Windows:
PVC Windows:
Un plasticised PVC or Rigid PVC is extensively used in building industry, as a
substitute for wood Aluminium and steel, mostly for window frames, UPVC
is known as having strong resistance against chemicals, sunlight and oxidation
from water.

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In comparison to other materials being used for windows, UPVC windows

that use recycled material, have low embodied energy, as well as low thermal
conductivity, as shown below:
Embodied Energy (MJ/Kg) Thermal conductivity ‘K’ (W/m°k)
UPVC 77.20 0.19
Wood(Hard) 10.00 0.2 to 0.4
Steel 20.10 80
Aluminium 155.00 250

Approved makes of UPVC windows, as mentioned in the contract are Rehau,

Fenesta and Polywood. In this project UPVC windows of Rehau make are used.
The nomenclature of the windows used in the project, is as below.
P/F UPVC Double glazed window frames and sashes shall be manufactured
from white UPVC profile. All sections of the frame and sash shall be reinforced in
accordance with the system supplier’s recommendations using galvanized mild
steel of minimum 2 mm thick, in a single continuous length. The profile material
must be pristine white high impact modified window grade UPVC and must
be colorfast and conform toBS EN 12608 code. The profile shall be a hollow
3-chamber (across depth) profile with a outer wall not less than thickness of
2.4mm only. The outer profile shall have a front to back depth of not less than
56mm. The profile shall be uniform and free from foreign bodies, cracks or marks.
The window units shall be designed with all corner joints, transom joints and
mullion joints being mitered and fusion welded. All excess material is to be neatly
trimmed and neatly feature grooved/raised nib finish at corners, transom joints
and mullion joints. The finished product shall be free all sharp edges, burrs and
the like that may be hazardous to the user. . Reinforcement is to be fixed at
a maximum of 10 mm from the ends . All Double glazing is to be packed in
accordance with system manufacturer’s recommendations.All beads will be cut
at the correct degree recommended by the manufacturer. Glass retention clips
must be fitted in accordance with the System manufacturer’s recommendations.
The windows will be with 24 mm thick hermetically sealed glass units having
6-12-6 arrangement (6 mm thick outer Toughened offline coated advanced Solar
control and thermal insulation glass + 12 mm dehumified air gap + inside 6 mm
thick heat strenghend clear float glass) with sizes as per design and drawing on
the framing and over areas as specified. The outer glass shall be 6 mm thick in
DGU of 6-12-6.
GLAZING:-
Double glazing in external windows:-
To achieve the bench mark value of 0.25 for SHGC of Fenestrations, it became
necessary to go for double glazing with a glass of following high specification, in
the outer building envelope.

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Combination : 6-12-6 mm (outer 6mm glass + 12mm

air gap + 6mm clear glass) hermetically
sealed.
VLT (Visual Light : 0.59
Transmittance)
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) : 0.31
U-value (W/m²~K) : 1.50

With a SHGC of 0.31 of double glazing and appropriate shading design , SHGC
of fenestration is achieved to be 0.25.

Although maximum U-value of fenestrations permitted is 3.3 as per ECBC 2007,

double glazing with U-value 1.50 is used, to meet the requirement of reduction
of heat load in the building , as per criteria 14 of GRIHA and to achieve 40%
savings in energy. This makes this glazing a low-e (low emittance) glass.

In choosing a glazing system, primary objective is usually to allow transmittance

of the most possible visible light (max. VLT) while minimising the solar heat gain
(min. solar factor). The ratio of VLT to SHGC is called light-to-solar gain ratio.
(LSG)

Mostly Low-E(emittance) window glass systems have an LSG between 1.2 and
1.4 However in this project, the LSG ratio adopted is 1.94 (VLT 0.60 divided by
SHGC 0.31). Glass of “ Saint gobain” make are used.

Glazings with LSG as high as 2.4 are also now available.

Clear or tinted glass inside the building:-

In order to achieve the bench mark of >75% daylighted area in the building, all
the internal doors and windows are provided with glazing (clear glass 5mm thick).
Also internal partition walls are all provided with clear glass 5mm thick.

Section of UPVC window with double glazed low-e glass

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2. Over design of lighting system

As per the specifications provided by the Lighting designer, computer simulations
of all the living areas on all floors is done, with following assumptions
• Room maintenance factor 0.8 for AC spaces
• Workplane height 750mm
• Reflectance for floor, ceiling and Walls.is 20,80and 50.( colour reflectance has
been considered as per SP41)
These simulations are evaluated in Lux level and the Lighting Power Densities as
per NBC and ECBC respectively and found that overdesigning of lighting system
is avoided

Criterion 14 – Optimize energy performance of building within specified

comfort limits
Objective: The objective of the criterion is to optimize use of energy systems
in building that maintain a specified indoor climate conducive to the functional
requirements of the building. To achieve 16 points (8 mandatory and 8 optional)
in criterion 14, the project must comply with all mandatory requirements of ECBC
2007 of BEE, Government of India (mandatory 6 points) and must achieve the
benchmarked EPI (Energy Performance Index) as recommended by GRIHA
(mandatory 2 points). In addition to the above, the project shall be awarded 2 –8
points for every 10% reduction, to a maximum of 40% reduction, in EPI from the
benchmarked value.

Compliance: Out of max 16 points , 16 points have been awarded.

(i). Mandatory Provisions of ECBC 2007:

All the mandatory provisions of ECBC 2007 are complied with in this project as
detailed below . The details are given for various components of HVAC, Lighting
and other Electric equipment.

Summary(may not be required here?)Motors installed on site are of efficiencies

either EFF 1 or EFF 2. Provisions of occupancy sensor and daylight sensor have
been made on site for effective lighting control. Dry type transformer installed
on site is of capacity 1000 KVA and losses at full load is 10 W which is meeting
the ECBC- 2007 mandatory requirement. Cooling tower with VFD fans has been
installed on site. Building Management System (BMS) has been installed to
provide for controlling HVAC system. Provision of piping and ductwork insulation
has been narrated to show compliance with the mandatory requirements. It was
observed that geo thermal system has been installed on site; however it has not
been documented in energy calculation.

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HVAC(Heating Ventilation and Air-conditioning):

Equipment Efficiencies: Project has installed 3 screw chillers as per the details
given below.

Description Chiller Minimum COP for selected Minimum IPLV for

as per ECBC capacity at COP as Chiller @ IPLV as per selected
(Table 5.1) site per ECBC ARI 550/590-1998 ECBC Chiller
Screw 200 TR 5.4 5.68 6.17 7.59
Chiller 240 TR 5.4 6.1 6.17 7.2
(water (Stand by)
cooled) ≥
150 and < 240 TR 5.4 5.86 6.17 8.84
300 TR (with VFD)

COP: Coefficient Of Performance

IPLV: Integrated Part Load Value
Controls:

Integrated Building Management system (IBMS) is provided to monitor

all parameters of HVAC system and other services in the building. Building
Automation System shall not only help in conserving energy by making it
possible to plan and execute various energy conservation control schemes but
also help in reducing scarce trained man power requirement for operating and
maintaining the building services without compromising on quality of services. It
shall also act as a Management
Information System (MIS) by
keeping the management
informed about the critical
operation of various building
services and make available
data required for analyzing the
working of, and possibilities
of conserving the energy. The
system is based on Micro
Processor Control System, using
the various Energy Management
Programs to save the energy
with the latest techniques of
controlling the environment.
The Services integrated with this system are HVAC,Sub Station,STP
ventilation,plumbing pipes,kitchen scrubber & air washer,STP and water
tank………………………………………..

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Time Scheduling
The following commands shall be time scheduled to be issued at a later date and
time :
i. Start and stop a point.
ii. Change alarm limits, warning limits or setpoint.
iii. Lock/unlock point reporting or point control.
iv. Demand limit target setting.
v. Trend point enable/disable for a point.
vi. Totalization enable/disable for a point.
vii. Alarm summary.
One time override schedule shall be provided to accommodate overtime usage.
Separate schedule shall be able to accommodate for holidays and shall be defined
up to one year in advance.

Thermostats
All heating and cooling equipments are temperature controlled VAV boxes are
provided for conventional VAV AHUs and PID(Pressure Independent Dynamic)
valves with thermostat control are provided for chilled beams

DESCRIPTION OF PLANT OPERATION

AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM
a. Air Handling Units
i) Program the start/stop of supply at each air handling unit and carry out
duty cycling (from AHU panel).
ii) Monitor the running status of each blower fan through a differentialpressure
switch and keep a log of the number of hours run.
iii) Monitor filter status of each AHU by a pressure differential switch & give
an alarm in case the filter gets choked.
iv) Monitor the supply and return air temperature & give an alarm for a high/
low supply air temperature.g
v) Monitor relative humidity in the return air.
vi) Control the chilled water-modulating valve, to maintain the room conditions
vii) Indicate any unit running in Manual mode.
viii) Control RPM of supply on the demand
ix) Monitor CO2 levels in densely occupied room and Return air
x) Carry out software integration with VFD panel of supply / return air fan and
display all electrical parameters.

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b. Variable Air Volume Boxes

Carryout software integration with VAV boxes for monitoring damper position in
each AHU room.
Cooling Tower
All Cooling towers have variable speed drives controlling fans.

Piping and Ductwork(ECBC 5.2.4)

Piping insulation of R-0.77 ( Against R-0.7) expanded polystyrene of “Styrene
Packages” for all design operating temperatures is provided. Please find cut
sheet of insulation attached( See attachment A).

Duct insulation of R-0.7( Against R-0.6) polyethylene foam of “Trocellen” is

provided for supply air ducts with location unventilated Attic with roof insulation
for all design. Please find cut sheet of insulation attached( See attachment B).
.

System Balancing: Air side and Hydronic system balancing will be carried out
after flushing activity this will take some time. After that the air side and hydronic
balancing report will be provided.

Condensers Location: Condensers are located on the roof top so that heat sink
is free of interference from heat discharge by any other device. Please find below
the plan showing location of condenser on roof. Condeser is fed with treated soft
water from WTP and STP.

LIGHTING:
In Indira Paryavaran Bhawan, entire lighting system including internal and
external lighting, has been one of the most energy efficient design. Energy
consumption on account of lighting has been reduced significantly by more than
50% in comparison to the base line design adopted conventionally in other office
buildings. The reduced consumption is also offset by energy generation through
renewable sources (Solar power).

Indoor Lighting:
Most of the light fixtures used inside the building are of LED, excepting some T5
Lamps used over the task areas in the building. Luminous efficacy of each type
of LED lamp fixture used is varying from 50 to 87 lm/W against the GRIHA bench
mark of 50 lm/W and that of T 5 lamps is 57 to 85 lm/W.

Of the total 4300 number of fittings used in the entire building, 2500 are of LED
type. LED Fittings of make Bajaj and T5 fittings of make Bajaj are used.

The Light system is designed with LED & T5 Lamps and sensor controls, in such a
way that the Lighting Power Densities (LPDs) in all spaces are much less than the
bench mark values specified in ECBC (Energy Conservation Building Code)2007.

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A table showing the comparison is given below.

Space LPD (w/sq.ft.) as per ECBC LPD (w/sq.ft.) Targeted at site

Lobbies & Corridors 0.50 0.40
Basement Parking 0.20 0.15
Office 1.00 0.50
Toilet 0.90 0.57
Staircase 0.60 0.35
Auditorium 0.90 0.70
Kitchen 1.30 0.70
Gym 1.00 0.50

Lighting Controls
Occupancy sensors and daylighting sensors are provided,which is adequate to
comply with ECBC manadatory requirements, apart from manual controlin all the
spaces and floor wise shut off controls.

Depending on the requirement of each specific area, the following two types of
sensors are used

1. Day light sensors or Lux Level Sensors:-

Day light sensors are devices that control lighting based on the amount of daylight
available in a given coverage area. These are provided in all areas located along
the outer building envelope, where adequate day light is available most of the
time. Entire building is architecturally designed in such a way that more than 75%
of the living space is day lighted when available. All the individual officers’ cabins,
the Committee rooms and Auditorium, are provided with these sensors, which
simultaneously function also as occupancy sensors (explained below).Briefly,
day light sensor’s nomenclature used in this building is universal photocell LUX
cum occupancy sensor, high performance
regulating and switching for DALI(Digital
Addressable Lighting Interface), volt free
contact 6 Amps max, ambient temperature
range 0-40 degree Celsius with flame retardant
Body. In these areas, the LEDs fittings are
provided with Dimmable ballast. Dimmable
ballast is a electronic device that can provide
variable light output in response to a signal
(from a photo sensor, for example).
Make: Honeywell

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2. Occupancy sensors:
Occupancy or motion or presence sensors are
devices that turn lights on or off in response to
presence (or absence) of people in a defined area.
These are used in all the areas located away from
the outer building envelope, where required natural
day light is not available. All the work stations and
Toilets in the building are with occupancy sensors
with turnoff time of 5 minutes in steps of 1 minute, covering a functional radius of
6m for each sensor.
Make: Philips / Honeywell

(Typical Work Station) (Minister’s Chamber)

(Dimmable Light Fixture) (LED Spot Light)

(T5 Light Fixtures) (LED Down Light)

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Electric Power
Transformers:- Dry type transformer
installed on site is of capacity 1000 KVA
and is IS 2026 certified .Losses at full
load is 10 W which is meeting the ECBC-
2007 mandatory requirement

We have two transformers of 1000 KVA each.

equipped with additional metering class
current transformers (CTs) and potential
transformers (PTs) additional to requirements
of utilities so that periodic losses monitoring
study may be carried out.

Please find below the photograph and

nameplate information of 11 KV combined CT-
PT unit.

Energy Efficiant Motors: All motors used are EFF1 motors. Please find below
cut sheet of all motors showing specification of motors to comply with ECBC-
2007 mandatory requirements.

Power Factor Correction:

Two capacitor penal APFC units are provided
for power factor correction and to maintain
power factor between 0.95 and unity lag at
the point of connection. Please see below
the nameplate information and APFC penals.

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ii) Check Metering and Monitoring:

Please find below the cut sheet of meters that shows the meters are capable
of recording kVA, kWh. For total power factor APFC panel details are provided
above in power factor correction.

ii) Comfort Levels: The thermal comfort conditions for which the building is
designed,are as per NBC-2005 and are given below for the air conditioned
areas.60 % of the building is air conditioned.

Summer: DB 26+/-1 Deg C RH: Not more than 50%

Winter : DB 20 Deg C RH: Not more than 50%

For non AC areas of the building,the comfort conditions are evaluated as below
DB: less than 33 RH;less than 70%Hourly Calculations are performed for 100% of
all occupied hours to show that the above mentioned thermal comfort conditions
are met.

iii) Reduction in Energy Requirement:

As per Table 14.3 of GRIHA Manual Volume 3, , the benchmark EPI(Energy
Performance Index)s for this Project (Daytime occupancy building) located at
Delhi (Composite Climate) 450 KWh/m2/yr, 140 KWh/m2/yr and 25 KWh/m2/
yr respectively for Service areas,Air Conditioned and non Air Conditioned areas.

With approximately 40% area of the building non-air conditioned, EPI actually
achieved for the project is 24.13 kWh/sqm/year over 74.01 kWh/sqm/year,
demonstrating 67.39% reduction in energy consumption compared to benchmark
energy consumption including Exterior lighting loads & Basement Loads. However,
after excluding Exterior lighting & Basement loads the EPI for the project is 39.29
kWh/sqm/year over 104.9 kWh/sqm/year, demonstrating 62.5% reduction in
energy consumption

This reduction in energy consumption is achieved by:

(I) Chilled Beam System of HVAC
(II) Geothermal Heat Exchange System
(III) Regenerative Lifts

I) Heating Ventilation and Air-conditioning:

(ii) Chilled Beam System of HVAC
Principle:Water can carry significantly more energy than air. Although 1 cubic foot
(0.028 m3) of air has a capacity to hold heat of 37 joules per kelvin (JK-1), water

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has a heat capacity of 20,050 JK-1.A metal pipe of water just 1 inch (2.5 cm) in
diameter can carry as much energy as an 18-by-18-inch (46 by 46 cm) metal duct
of air. This means that chilled beam HVAC systems require much less energy to
provide the same heating and cooling effect as a traditional air HVAC system.

System: A chilled beam is a type of convection HVAC system designed to heat

or cool large buildings. Pipes of water are passed through a “beam” (a heat
exchanger) suspended a short distance from the ceiling of a room.As the beam
chills the air around it, the air becomes denser and falls to the floor. It is replaced
by warmer air moving up from below, causing a constant flow of convection and
cooling the room.Heating works in much the same fashion.
Advantages:
1 Lower operating cost: The primary advantage of the chilled beam system is
its lower operating cost.
2) Noiseless: Chilled beam systems also have some advantages in that they are
almost noiseless, require little maintenance, and are highly efficient. Traditional
fan-driven HVAC systems create somewhat higher air velocities, which some
people find uncomfortable.
3) Chilled beam HVAC systems also require less ceiling space than forced-air
HVAC systems, which can lead to lower building heights.Since they do not
require high forced air flows, chilled beam systems also require reduced air
distribution duct networks
Disadvantages
1) Chilled beam systems are not a panacea. Additional ductwork may be needed
to meet minimum outdoor air requirements.
2) Chilled beam systems are less effective at heating than cooling, and
supplementary heating systems are often needed.
3) Chilled beam systems cannot be used alone in buildings where the ceilings
are higher than 2.7 metres ,because the air will not properly circulate.
4) Chilled beam systems are also known to cause noticeable air circulation
which can make some people
uncomfortable. (Passive air deflection
devices can help disrupt these air
patterns, alleviating the problem.)
Some designers have found that
enlarging the ducts around active
chilled beam systems to increase air
circulation causes echoes in working
areas and amplifies the sound of
water moving through the pipes to
noticeable levels. ???

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Implementation:
In the Indira Paryavaran Bhawan Project, while the total load of conventional
HVAC system for an area of two floors(GF and 7th F)is 240 TR,the total load
for remaining 5 ½ floors ,of active Chilled beam system is only 200 TR.Thus
area covered per unit load(1TR) of HVAC is 40 sq.m in case of chilled beam
system,where as it is only 20 sq.m in case of conventional HVAC system.

Avoiding condensation over the chilled beam at room temperature of 26 ± 1°

C and 55% RH demands for air tight space which is practically difficult in the
monsoon season. Therefore chilled beam with drain pan is used in this building.
Drain pan collects the water droplets from the cooling coil and then water will be
drained out of the room. Out of 400 TR requirement of the whole building 200 TR
will be catered through Chilled Beam System.
Chilled Beams of make “Nu Climate” of US are installed in the building. Only
other manufacturer of chilled beams, known as on date ,is Trox,US.

GEO THERMAL HEAT EXCHANGE SYSTEM:

Principle:It is a heat exchange system where heat released from condenser of the
chiller is transmitted to the ground.

It uses the earth as a heat source (in the winter) or a heat sink (in the summer).
This design takes advantage of the moderate temperatures in the ground to boost
efficiency and reduce the operational costs of heating and cooling systems
Depending on latitude, the temperature beneath the upper 6 metres of Earth’s
surface maintains a nearly constant temperature between 10 and 16 °C. During the
winter, a geothermal system absorbs this extra heat from the earth and transfers
it into your home. During the summer, the system takes heat from indoors and
moves it back underground.

System: Every Geothermal Heating and Cooling Systems has three major
subsystems or parts: a geothermal heat pump to move heat between the building
and the fluid in the earth connection, an earth connection for transferring heat
between its fluid and the earth, and a distribution subsystem for delivering heating
or cooling to the building.

Implementation: The earth Connection in the Indira Paryavaran bhawan project,is

a vertical loop system with a network of 180 bores to a depth of 80 meter each ,in
which circulation of water takes place. One HDPE U-loop (32mm dia)is lowered
in to each bore and back filling is done with the same soil that was excavated
out during boring operation. These 180 bores are spread all along the building
premises & maintaining minimum of 3 meter distance between two bores.

The vertical HDPE looping is terminated at 2m below ground level and the terminal
points are interconnected with horizontal pipe net work of GI pipes of 32 mm dia.

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This horizontal net work at 2m below ground leve is in turn connected with two
(Supply & Return) header pipes (M.S. Pipe of 100 mm dia) above ground level,
running all along the boundary wall that is finally jointed to condenser header
pipes. Supply side of each U-loop connects to supply header of geo thermal
system. Similarly for return side of the U-loop.

As per test carried out at site it was found that one U-loop at 80 m deep was able
give a 0.9 TR of cooling capacity.

So, all together 160TR (180 X 0.9 TR) of heat exchange capacity is obtained
through Geo Thermal System. Hence, with this system we are avoiding a Cooling
Tower of 160 TR whereby saving resources like water and electrical energy.
HDPE pipes of ‘Rehau” make with fusion welded U jointing done at the
manufacturing plant, are used in the project. Installation of the entire geo thermal
system at site called for well planned advance action for number of operations
explained above,especially since the bores are so densely located around the
building ,where space is highly restricted due to other activities of construction

III) Regenerative Lifts:

Principle:
Energy efficient Elevator together with a regenerative drive option, works as a
generator when a heavy car is returned to ground floor or empty car going up.
Instead of turning the braking energy to heat, the electricity is fed back to the
network.. It can save up to 25% of the energy consumed by a typical 14 person
elevator.

Implementation:
07 number of Machine room less (MRL) gear less lifts of OTIS Make are installed
in the building. All these lifts have got power regeneration technology. The power
regenerated from the elevator shall be used for power requirement of the elevators
only. However, suitable tapping point for regenerated power of each elevator is
provided for other purpose if required.

Regenerative Drive of Otis Lift

Criterion 18 – Renewable energy utilization

Objective: of criterion 18 is to use renewable energy sources in buildings to reduce
the use of conventional/fossil-fuel-based energy resources. To achieve points in
criterion 18, the project must demonstrate installation of renewable energy system
on site. The installed capacity of the system must be minimum 1% of the total
connected load of internal artificial lighting and space conditioning. The project
shall be awarded additional 1 – 4 points if the rated capacity of the proposed RE
System meets annual energy requirements of equal to or more than 5% - 30% of
internal lighting consumption.

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Compliant-
The capacity of the renewable power generation , for complying with all the above
mentioned criteria , is 80 KWp. Where as to fufill the mandate of MoEF for making
the building , a NET ZERO Energy building with 100% on site renewable power
generation, a 930 kWp capacity roof top Solar-PV has been installed. The installed
Solar-PV is directly grid connected & there is no battery back-up for storing extra
energy generated on site. The energy generated from Solar-PV is capable of
meeting 100% energy requirement of the building. Computer based PV System
simulation is done for showing energy
generated from Solar-PV as 1430 MWh
& lighting energy requirement is 139.2
MWh which means more than 100%
of lighting energy requirement is being
supplied through Solar-PV.
Details are covered in the chapter on “
Net Zero Energy “.

Out of max 5 points , 5 points have

been awarded.

Criterion 19 – Renewable-energy-based hot water system

Objective: of criterion 19 is to reduce dependency on conventional sources of
energy to meet hot water demand of the site. To achieve 3 points in criterion 19,
the project must demonstrate use of solar hot water heaters on site.

Compliance: Total hot water demand of project is 1000 litre/day. Electrical power
required to heat 1000 litre of water is 10.6 MWh annually. Installed capacity of the
proposed solar hot water system is 1000 LPD.

Out of max 3 points , 3 points have been awarded.

SUSTAINABLE BUILDING MATERIALS

1. Utilization of Fly Ash (Criterion 15 of GRIHA)
2. Efficient Technologies for reduction in volume, weight and time of construction
(Criterion 16 of GRIHA)
3. Low energy materials in interiors (Criterion 17 of GRIHA)

Criterion 15 – Utilization of fly ash in building structure

Objective: is to use low embodied energy industrial waste fly ash in the building
structure in combination with cement.

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The project must demonstrate replacement of certain percentage of cement by

fly ash in building structure (minimum 15% replacement, 1 point) building blocks
of load bearing and non-load bearing walls (40% fly ash content, 2 points) and
plaster / masonry mortar (minimum 30% replacement, 2 points). The project shall
be awarded additional one point for demonstrating replacement of more than
30% cement by fly ash in structural concrete.

Compliantce: The project has demonstrated 30% replacement of cement with fly
ash by weight of cement used in structural concrete. AAC blocks & Fal-G Bricks
60% & 75% fly ash content respectively have been used as building blocks in
load bearing and non-load bearing walls to demonstrate minimum 40% utilization
of fly ash by volume of materials used.

All cement used in masonry and plaster work utilizes 31% of flyash.

FALG brick is Fly Ash, Lime and Gypsum bricks. The ingredients of FALG bricks
are available in form of wastes and bi-products from industrial activities and are
available in adequate quantities in the
areas, where the project activities are
located.

The technology adopted for making fly

ash bricks is eco-friendly

In Indira Paryawaran Bhawan project,

FPS bricks class 100 of size 230*115*75
mm ,of make “KK” are being used,
and have a fly ash content of 60% by
volume.

AAC (Autoclaved Aerated Concrete) block masonry in cement mortar 1:4.is

used in all external walls of the building as well as internal walls between the air
conditioned and non air conditioned spaces.

AAC blocks masonry is preferred because of its excellent thermal insulation

properties. The co-efficient of thermal conductivity of AAC blocks is 0.16 W/mºK
in comparison to 0.6 to 1.0W/ mºK of conventional clay bricks.

The density of AAC blocks is very less ranging from 550 to 650 kg/m³ this makes
structure light weight. AAC blocks have good fire resistance properties and good
acoustical absorbing abilities.

The sizes of AAC blocks used in the project are 630X250X300mm,

630X250X200mm, 630X250X150mm, 630X250X125mm of make “Biltech”.

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Out of max 6 points, 6 points have been awarded.

Criterion 16 – Reduce volume and weight, and time of construction by

adopting efficient technologies (not based on the utilization of fly ash)

Objective: is to replace a part of energy-intensive materials with less energy-

intensive materials and/or utilize low-energy / energy-efficient technologies
to reduce the overall embodied energy of the building. To achieve 4 points in
criterion 16, the project must demonstrate a minimum 5% reduction in the overall
embodied energy for a 100% structural and/or infill wall system used in a building,
meeting equivalent strength requirements.

Compliance: The project has demonstrated 54.8% reduction in the overall

embodied energy for 100% non-structural application as compared to the base
scenario by using AAC blocks & Fal-G Bricks.

The value of embodied energy of conventional Red brick (of size 230x115x75mm)
is taken as 4.5 MJ per unit as per volume.

The value of embodied energy of FALG brick of size (230x115x75mm) is taken as

1.74MJ per unit as per volume.

The value of embodied energy of AAC block of size (625x250x300mm) is taken

as 33.69MJ per unit as per volume.

AAC (Autoclaved Aerated Concrete) block masonry in cement mortar 1:4.is

used in all external walls of the building as well as internal walls between the air
conditioned and non air conditioned spaces. All other internal walls are provided
with FALG brick masonry.

Apart from other general benefits of AAC blocks, , it’s absolutely low density in
comparison to conventional clay bricks. (550 to 650 kg/m³) helped in reduction

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of dead loads on the structure. The sizes of AAC blocks used in the project are
630X250X300mm, 630X250X200mm, 630X250X150mm, 630X250X125mm
of make “Biltech”In this project, there is 9.73% reduction in dead loads and
corresponding reduction in sizes of structural members due to use of AAC blocks.
This aspect of reduction in
embodied energy in overall
structural assembly of building,
is not considered by the
certification authorities,for the
reason that the advantage
of AAC blocks is already
considered for reduction in
embodied energy,as explained
above and hence can not be
considered for another point.
Use of AAC Blocks

Out of max 4 points , 2points have been awarded.

Criterion 17 – Use of low energy material in interiors
Objective: of criterion 17 is to use low-energy materials/finishes/products in
interiors, which minimize the use of wood as a natural resource. To achieve 4
points in criterion 17, the project must demonstrate use of minimum 70% of
partitions/false ceilings/in-built furniture; flooring; and doors/windows frames.

Compliance: More than 70% of the total quantity (gross area) of all interior
finishes and products used for each of the categories given below are low energy
materials, either renewable, recycled or locally available.

100% of the total quantity of materials used for subassembly, internal partitions,
paneling, false ceiling and in-built furniture (consist of Gypsum Boards, Pre-
laminated Particle Boards, Fibre Square ceiling & Calcium Silicate False Ceiling).
86% of total quantity of material used for doors windows and frames (consist of
Bamboo-Jute Composite
Frames & Shutters,UPVC
windows ) and 91% of
total quantity of materials
used in flooring is low-
energy materials (consist
of Dholpur Stone, Red
Sandstone, Terrazzo Tiles,
Kota Stone & Udaipur
Green Marble).
The gypsum ceiling and ceiling tiles used for the false ceiling has rapidly
renewable, pre-consumer recycled and post consumer recyclable content.

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The pre-laminate particle board used for the workstation The insulation material used in the
partitions has rapidly renewable and post industrial and post building has post industrial recycled
consumer recycled content. content

Regional natural stones have been used for flooring and panelling.

Stone leftover and wastage has been used to make tiles and terrazzo flooring.

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The floor and wall tiles used in the building have Linoleum flooring used has pre-consumer
high post consumer recyclable and recycled recycled content and rapidly renewable material.
content. The tiles wastage and leftovers have The carpets used in the building have high
been sent to the vendors for recycle. Stone recycled content.

Glass used for windows has 100% recyclable content. It has 6% post consumer
recycled content and 12% pre consumer recycled content.

Bamboo Jute Composite Doors: All the door frames and shutters including those
of wash areas and toilets, are of Bamboo Jute composite( Brand “DOORSAM” of
M/s AB Composites,Kolkata.Some of the them are glazed panelled doors while
others are hollow flush doors.

Bamboo Jute Bamboo Jute shutters are made of polymer thermosetting resin
doors: (phenol formaldehyde type) applied to bamboo mats made with fibres
like juts or coir.Use of these shutters saves on wood and also durable
as compared to MDF or particle board shutters. The material used
for fabrication of doors is fire resistant also.
Bamboo Mat: A woven sheet in suitable geometric pattern using bamboo slivers.
Thickness of slivers shall be in the range of 0.6mm to 0.8mm and min
width of 5mm.

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Jute/coir Mat: Jute/coir thread is woven into a coarse cloth. It shall be in the range
of 250 to 450 GSM.
Tests: Approved type test shall be conducted on phenol-bonded bamboo
Jute composite laminate cut from door shutters.
S.No. Test Test Method Acceptable Value
1 Water absorption IS:15476:2004 5.00%(max)
2 Resistant to spread of frame 30 seconds (max)
3 Specific gravity IS:15476:2004 1.3 ± 0.2

Out of max 4 points , 4 points have been awarded.

WASTE MANAGEMENT
Criterion 22 – Reduction in waste during construction
Criterion 23 – Efficient waste segregation
Criterion 24 – Storage and disposal of wastes
Criterion 25 – Resource recovery from waste

Criterion 22 – Reduction in waste during construction

Objective: of criterion 22 is to ensure maximum recovery and safe disposal
of wastes generated during construction, and to reduce the burden on landfill.
To achieve one point in criterion 22, the project must demonstrate adoption of
measures to segregate waste on-site into inert, chemical or hazardous wastes;
reuse/recycle of segregated wastes; and safe disposal of inert waste.

Compliance: The documents submitted includes photographs of appropriate

material segregation and storage of raw material during the construction activities.

it is a part of agreement also that no material will leave the site without informing
the engineer-in-charge. This was done so that no waste material is disposed off
in landfills. The concrete waste is reduced by use of proper planning and good
quality shuttering so concrete does not leak out and become wastage. Concrete
waste generated can be utilized as aggregate by crushing them in crushers.
Stone/Marble material is procured to the extent possible in actual cut to size so
that wastage is minimum, the stone/marble waste generated will be used in crazy
marble, and other material waste generated during construction is being sold to
local vendors through proper agreement by the agency.

Waste generation calculations are not accepted by the certification authorities, as

the same were taken as certain percentage of total materials used .Also authentic
support to calculations and corresponding waste diversion letters could not be
submitted.

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Out of max 1 point, no point has been awarded.

Criterion 23 – Efficient waste segregation

Objective: of the criterion is to promote segregation of waste for efficient resource
recovery. To achieve one point in criterion 23, multi coloured bins must be provided
in the building to collect different categories of waste generated at source.

Compliance: Multi coloured bins are being provided on each floor of the building,
for waste segregation. The project has made calculations, waste segregation &
collection strategies and drawings showing the locations at which multi colored
bins will be installed in the building to segregate waste at the source. However,
bins are yet to be installed in the building at the spaces suggested in the submitted
drawings.

Out of max 1 point , 1 point has been awarded.This criterion shall be checked
during the award of final rating to the project.

Criterion 24 – Storage and disposal of wastes

Objective: of criterion 24 is to prevent the mixing of segregated waste before
processing or disposal. To achieve 1 point in criterion 24, a separate space must
be allocated for collected waste before transferring it to the recycling/disposal
stations.

Compliant – Approximately 500sqft of area in the basement has been allocated

for collection & storage of waste. Also post-occupancy an agreement will be
made with local dealer for final disposal of waste.

The project has provided calculations & drawings showing the location of
centralized waste collection & storage area in the basement.

Out of max 1 point , 1 point has been awarded.This criterion shall be checked
during the award of final rating to the project.

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Criterion 25 – Resource recovery from waste

Objective: of criterion 25 is to ensure that organic waste generated on site is treated
or disposed properly. To support compliance, the project must demonstrate
measures to treat organic waste on site.

Compliance: It was initially planned to install a “ Bio-Digestor’’ in one of the

basements,but due to severe constraints on space due to automated parking
and other bulk E&M services in basements,this could not be finally provided. Low
expected quantum of waste generation from the building during its occupation,is
also one of the reasons for not being able to justify the possibility of continuous
operation of such Bio digestors,
Project team has not submitted any document under this criterion; hence no
point has been awarded.

HEALTH & WELL BEING

Criteria 8 Provide minimum level of sanitation/safety facilities for construction
workers
Criterion 9 - Reduce air pollution during construction
Criterion 26 – Use of low VOC Paints/adhesives/sealants
Criterion 27 – Minimize ozone depleting substances
Criterion 28 – Ensure water quality
Criterion 29 – Acceptable outdoor and indoor noise levels
Criterion 30 – Tobacco smoke control
Criterion 31 – Provide at least the minimum level of accessibility for person with
disabilities

Criterion 8 - Provide minimum level of sanitation/safety facilities for

construction workers Mandatory
Objective: The Project must ensure health and safety of workers during
construction, with effective provisions for the basic facilities such as sanitation, and
clean drinking water, and safety of equipment or machinery. To achieve 2 points
in criterion 8, compliance with National Building Code norms on construction
safety and provision for health and sanitation facilities of construction workers is
mandatory.

Compliance: The project has demonstrated compliance with criterion 8 by

providing following facilities to workers:
• Safety instruction workshop for workers
• Signages & Fire Extinguishers
• Provision of helmets for all the laborers and site supervisors
• Providing masks for laborers working in dusty environments
• Provision of clean and hygienic toilets for laborers’ use

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• proper drinking facility for laborers onsite

• First aid facility
• Shelter for the workers to rest in break times together with a crèche facility
• Pantry for workeers.
• Safe and firm scaffolding at all the required places
• Essential telephone no.s provided on signboards at visible locations.

Workers with safety belt, helmet & Gloves Excavation area barricaded

Safety Instruction to the Workers Toilet Block for labour

Drinking water facility Essential information on signboards

Out of max 2 points , 2 points have been awarded.

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Criterion 9 - Reduce air pollution during construction Mandatory

Objective: The Project must adopt necessary measures to prevent air pollution
(dust and smoke) in the vicinity of the site during construction. To achieve 2
points under criterion 9, Project must demonstrate measures adopted for dust
suppression, provision for wheel washing, provision of 3 m high barricading
around the site and other necessary measures to control air pollution on site.

Compliance: The project has demonstrated compliance with criterion 9 by

making provisions for reducing air pollution on site like
• Regular spray of water on the roads everyday
• Laying of waste brick bats on truck tracks
• Stockpiles of dusty materials have been kept covered with tarpaulin, when
not being used
• Covered vehicles (trucks carrying dusty material) with cloth
• Tyre washing activities
• Use of duct barriers while working at heights
• Stone workers provided with masks to prevent from stone dust.

Truck Movement over brick bats Watering at site

Covered Dumpers Space for Soil Storage

Out of max 2 points , 2 points have been awarded.

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Criterion 26 – Use of low VOC Paints/adhesives/sealants

Objective: The intent of criterion 26 is to select low-VOC paints, adhesives and
sealants to ensure good indoor air quality. To achieve points in criterion 26 the
project must demonstrate use of 100% low-VOC paints, adhesives and sealants;
and use of composite wood products with no added urea formaldehyde.

Compliant – The VOC content in the paints, adhesives and sealants confirms
to benchmarked standards. Certificates & declaration letters mentioning the
VOC limits from Forbo Flooring systems, Armstrong Floorings, Berger Paints (for
interiors & exteriors), Merino Industries and use of Phenolic Resin in Doors from
A B Composites have been submitted.

Necessary documents have been submitted to support compliance; hence 3

points have been awarded.

The paints, adhesives and sealants being used in the building are as below:
S. Location Material Allowable VOC Actual VOC
No. used content (grams/litrs) contents
1 Interior Paints Berger 50 15-45
2 Exterior Paints Berger 100 30-45
3 Anticorrosive 250
4 Window sealants 420
5 Wooden flooring adhesive 100
6 Rubber flooring adhesive 60

Apart from this, the resins being used in bamboo jute doors and fire doors, is
phenol formaldehyde and not urea formaldehyde.

Out of max 3 points , 3 points have been awarded.

Criterion 27 – Minimize ozone depleting substances

Mandatory

The intent of criterion 27 is to eliminate or control the release of ozone depleting

substances (CFCs, HCFCs and Halon) into the atmosphere. To achieve points
in criterion 27, the project must demonstrate use of 100% CFC and HCFC free
insulation; CFC- free equipment for refrigeration and air conditioning; and halon-
free fire suppression systems in the building.

Compliant – HVAC equipment used in the building is CFC free, total three (3)
numbers of R-134a refrigerant based chillers have been installed. The roof & wall

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insulation used is HCFC & CFC free PUF sprayed over deck insulation and Rock
wool insulation in outer walls of M/s Lloyd insulations have been used. SafeGuard’s
Halon free CO2 based fire suppression system installed in the building.
Out of max 1point , 1 point has been awarded.

Criterion 28 – Ensure water quality

Mandatory
Objective: of criterion 28 is to ensure supply of good quality potable water for
drinking/washing purposes and the quality of treated waste water confirms to
IS standards. To achieve 2 points in criterion 28, the project must comply with
requirements of criterion 28.

Compliance: It is being ensured that water from all sources (ground water and
municipal water) meets the water quality norms prescribed in BIS Codes, for
various applications including drinking, irrigation, cooling towers landscaping, etc.
The water recirculated through the sewage treatment plant of 30 KLD capacity
(with EM technology and FAB aerator), for landscaping and HVAC requirements,
shall also be conforming to these standards

Out of max 2 points , 2 points have been awarded.

This criterion shall be checked during the award of final rating to the project.

Criterion 29 – Acceptable outdoor and indoor noise levels

The intent of the criterion is to enhance comfort by providing acceptable levels of
outdoor and indoor noise levels. To achieve 2 points in criterion 29, outdoor noise
level must confirm to acceptable limits set in Central Pollution Control Board
– Environmental Standards and indoor noise level must confirm to acceptable
limits set in National Building Code 2005.

Compliant – The ambient outdoor noise levels on site range from 42db – 67db
which is under the acceptable limits of commercial zone in CPCB. The indoor
noise levels are yet to be tested as building is not fully occupied. The strategies
incorporated into design for minimizing the noise levels are dense plantation at
edges, recessed windows & wall insulation.

Out of max 2 points , 2 points have been awarded.

This criterion shall be checked during the award of final rating to the project.

Criterion 30 – Tobacco smoke control

Mandatory

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The intent of criterion 30 is to ensure zero-exposure of the non-smoking occupants

of a building to passive smoking. To achieve 1 point in criterion 30, the project
must provide document to ensure company policy for ban/prohibition of smoking
within the building premises. In case there is provision for smoking, separate
smoking zones must be designed for both airconditioned and non-air-conditioned
buildings.

Compliant – Smoking is prohibited in the building. Designated exterior smoking

areas are therefore being not located in the building.

Signages are installed in the common areas of the building. Also the No-Smoking
& Tobacco Consumption policy will be prepared, followed & submitted after
occupying the building.

Out of max 1point , 1 point has been awarded.

This criterion shall be checked during the award of final rating to the project.

Criterion 31 – Provide at least the minimum level of accessibility for person

with disabilities
The intent of criterion 31 is to ensure accessibility and usability of the building
and its facilities by employees, visitors, and clients with disabilities. To achieve 1
point in criterion 31, the project must comply with planning and design guidelines
as outlined in NBC 2005 (“Special Requirements for Planning of Public Buildings
Meant for use of Physically challenged” (Annexure D clause 12.21)

Compliant – Provisions are made with access friendly toilets, ramps and
necessary signages in the building for physically differently abled people

Out of max 1point , 1 point has been awarded.

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OTHER FEATURES
Criterion 32 – Audit and validation
The intent is to validate performance of the energy and environmental systems in
the building as predicted during the design and development stages.
Following Audits must be conducted within 2 years of full occupancy of the
building and data must be submitted for 12 months.

1. Energy Audit-Covering:
a) Energy consumption
b) Thermal comfort
c) Visual comfort

The Energy Audit shall be conducted by an energy auditor approved by the Bureau
of Energy Efficiency, Govt. of India.

2. Water and waste Audit, covering:

a) Water quality
b) Solid waste generation
c) Solid waste disposal process

Water & waste Audit shall be conducted by a competent authority.

3. Sound Level Audit, Covering

a) Indoor noise levels
b) Outdoor noise levels

Compliance: Necessary action shall be taken after the building is fully occupied.

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Criterion 33 – Operation and maintenance

Intent-The intent is to ascertain efficient functioning of the building’s systems
through regular monitoring of electrical and mechanical systems after
commissioning and implementation of appropriate operation and maintenance
programme. The project must ensure regular monitoring of building’s energy and
water consumption by installing digital meters; provision of core facility/service
management group responsible for O&M of building’s systems; and provision
of fully documented O&M manual/CD/Multimedia listing best practices for the
building’s systems.

Compliance– Contract was entered into between CPWD and SGS India Private
Limited for third party commissioning of all services. Energy and water meters
have been installed in the building.
Out of max 2 points , 2 points have been awarded

Criterion 34 – Bonus points

The intent of criterion 34 is to promote awareness/adoption of significant
environmental issues that are innovative and contribute to sustainability of the
project but not covered under the above 33 criteria of the rating system. The
applied measures shall have adequate demonstrated impacts on the owner or
the occupants of the building and to the community as a whole. The award of
points in criterion 34 is subject to evaluator’s discretion.

Compliant- The project demonstrated complete transparency by providing

updates on construction throughout its construction period over the exclusive
web site(www.indiraparyavaranbhawan.com) created for the purpose hence 1
point has been awarded.

To meet the parking requirement of building & to reduce the Urban Heat Island
effect all the parking spaces are located in the basements, out of which lower two
levels are designed with automated parking, thus reducing vehicle movement on
site and reducing vehicular emissions. Hence 1 point has been awarded.

Non-Compliant- The project team has submitted documentation, photographs

& certificates showing; during the basement excavation of project a huge quantity
of water was pumped out as the water table of project site is at 2 meters. However,
the point cannot be awarded as NBC & CPCB laws doesn’t allow water charging
if water table is above 8 meters; hence 1 point has been denied.

The project has submitted documentation states that the 100% of building’s
energy requirement will be fulfilled through the installed Roof top Solar-PV. As
this requirement has been covered under criterion 18 hence this criterion cannot
be awarded under innovation; hence 1 point has been denied.

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Score – 91% (89/98 Points)

The project has been awarded GRIHA Five Star Provisional Rating.

Break up of points – 89+2 (bonus points) = 91 Points

Please note: 2 Points of criterion 34 are not considered in the total marks. They
are bonus points.

CREDIT ITEM MAXIMUM POINTS

POINTS TARGETTED
SS P1 Erosion & Sedimentation Control Mandatory Mandatory
SS CR 1 Site selection 1 1
SS CR 2 Development density & Community connectivity 1 1
SS CR 3 Brownfield Redevelopment 1 0
SS CR 4.1 Alternative Transportation: Public Transportation 1 1
Access
SS CR 4.2 Alternative Transportation: Low emission & 1 1
alternative fuel refuelling stations    
SS CR 4.3 Alternative Transportation: Parking capacity 1 1
SS CR 5.1 Reduced site disturbance: Protect / restore habitat 1 1
SS CR 5.2 Reduced site disturbance: Development footprint 1 0
SS CR 6.1 Stormwater design: Quantity control 1 1
SS CR 6.2 Stormwater design: Quality control 1 1
SS CR 7.1 Heat Island Effect, Non-roof 1 1
 
SS CR 7.2 Heat Island Effect, roof 1 1
SS CR 8 Light pollution reduction 1 1
       
WE CR 1.1 Water efficient landscaping 1 1
WE CR 1.2 Water efficient landscaping 1 0
WE CR 2 Water efficiency in AC systems 1 1
WE CR 3 Innovative wastewater technologies 1 1
WE CR 4.1 Water use reduction 1 1
WE CR 4.2 1 1
       
EA PR 1 Fundamental Building Systems Commissioning Mandatory Mandatory
EA PR 2 Minimum Energy Performance Mandatory Mandatory
EA PR 3 CFC reduction in HVAC & R equipment Mandatory Mandatory
EA CR 1 Optimize Energy Performance 10 10

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EA CR 2.1 Renewable Energy 3 3

EA CR 2.2
EA CR 2.3
EA CR 3 Additional Commissioning 1 1
EA CR 4 Ozone Depletion 1 1
EA Cr 5 Measurement & Verification 1 1
EA Cr 6 Green Power 1 0
 
MR PR 1 Storage & Collection of Recyclables Mandatory Mandatory
MR CR 1.1 Building Reuse 1 0
MR CR 1.2 1 0
MR CR 1.3 1 0
MR CR 2.1 Construction waste management 1 1
MR CR 2.2 1 1
MR CR 3.1 Resource reuse 1 0
MR CR 3.2 1 0
MR CR 4.1 Recycled content 1 1
MR CR 4.2 1 0
MR CR 5.1 Regional materials 1 1
MR CR 5.2 1 1
MR CR 6 Rapidly renewable materials 1 0
MR CR 7 Certified wood 1 0
       
EQ PR 1 Minimum IAQ Performance Mandatory Mandatory
EQ PR 2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control Mandatory Mandatory
EQ CR 1 Outdoor air delivery monitoring 1 1
EQ CR 2 Increased ventilation 1 1
EQ CR 3.1 Construction IAQ management plan 1 1
     
EQ CR 3.2 1 1
EQ CR 4.1 Low emitting materials 1 0
EQ CR 4.2 1 1
EQ CR 4.3 1 1
EQ CR 4.4 1 1
EQ CR 5 Indoor chemical & pollutant source control 1 1
EQ CR 6.1 Controllability of systems 1 1
EQ CR 6.2 1 1
EQ CR 7.1 Thermal Comfort 1 1
EQ CR 7.2 1 1

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EQ CR 8.1 Daylight & Views 1 1

EQ CR 8.2   1 1
       
LEED Innovation points    
  1. Automated parking system, thus zero tolerance 1 1
of surface parking.
  2. Education point + Web site 1 1
  3. 100% use of renewable energy for electrical 1 1
load.
  4. Recharge of grnd extracted water 1 1
       
LEED LEED AP 1 1
       
  Total 69 56

B. LEED India Platinum RATING:

Criterion wise detail of points targeted in the Indira Paryavaran Bhawan Project, is
given in the table below. The documents are submitted for evaluation to authorities
of IGBC. The evaluation report and certification are awaited.

Comparing Green Rating Systems as applied for in the Indira ParyavaranBhawan

(IPB)Project.

- Office Building of the Ministry of Environment and Forests.

- Designed and Built by the CPWD.
Indira ParyavaranBhawan has been designed by the CPWD as a green building
which achieves the GRIHA 5 star and LEED Platinum ratings from the respective
rating organizations, i.e. IGBC for LEED-India and Adarsh - TERI for GRIHA.In
awarding its rating GRIHA offers the options from 1 star to 5 star, while LEED
offers Silver, Gold and Platinum rating.

Green Building is a concept, which seeks to create buildings within the context
of combating and mitigating climate change. As buildings are the sector which
consumes maximum energy in many societies (the other being transport), green
buildings seek to modulate the orientations, designs, materials, fixtures and
site planning of buildings to such a degree that the building becomes much
more efficient in its water and energy consumption, and thus presents a more
sustainable outcome.
The sustainable Building movement in Modern India has taken root with the
advent of the Energy Conservation Act (EC-2001), the Energy Conservation
Building Code (ECBC-2007), and thereon rating systems like LEED-India and the

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GRIHA rating system. These systems seek to judge and encourage the designs
of sustainable buildings through their multifarious parameters called Credits /
Criterion. Each of these is judged by submitting the details, materials, equipment
and designs within the buildings as built, with LEED India utilising the 69-point
system and GRIHA utilising the 104-point system. The emphasis for both systems
remains the same, i.e. to create a water efficient, energy efficient, ecologically
and climatically responsive building, but some of the criterions have a different
emphasis based on the priorities deemed important by their respective initiating
organisations,

As a system developed in India, parameters of appropriate site construction

management, facilities like toilets, creches, clean accommodation and safety
parameters for workers, which usually get overlooked find a strong mention in
GRIHA, and are mandatory. Pollution control during construction and Waste
Management during construction are again emphatically mentioned and are
overseen through the 3 nos. due diligence visits by the GRIHA secretariat. GRIHA
also provides substantially 4 points for Planning as per site context, with respect to
the wind and sun. But the LEED India system incorporates international concerns
which have developed, say in the transportation sector, by providing points for
promoting carpools and alternative fuel vehicles, like electrical vehicles, which
is tackling en emergent traffic congestion and crises in the country through the
overusage of the private motor vehicle. Within the gamut of site selection, LEED
awards an extra point for selecting a previously used brownfield site. GRIHA
tackles the same issue by emphasising building or selecting the site within an
already developed region, through a requirement of documenting existing facilities
for daily use like places of worship, banking, markets present in the vicinity of the
building site.

One must say that both LEED and GRIHA emphasize equally on the overall energy
efficient design of the building envelope, to allow optimum daylight, adequate
solar heat avoidance or ingress and the use of orientation and shading for the
above purposes depending on the climate zone. But LEED India in addition
provides importance to the occupants of the building have adequate direct views
to the outdoors, to be able to connect with the surroundings better. Whilst GRIHA
provides a separate point for using automated solar outdoor lighting, LEED India
also expects to avoid light pollution by avoiding pointing lights towards the sky
leading to its ill effect and out-migration of the bird populations from the urban
ecosystem.

In case of material usage in the building, the “green”-ness of materials is judged

on proximal availability (i.e. local materials), use of recycled components, ability
to regenerate the used raw material quickly (i.e. rapidly renewable), or the usage
of waste materials like flyash. Within LEED, these form separate credits, say,
for using recycled materials for 5% of the overall civil construction cost. Within

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GRIHA, any kind of the above low energy materials for interiors under Criterion
17 have been commonly classified and the expectation is for 70% usage. Flyash
usage as a replacement of cement in the RCC work, Building Blocks, mortars/
plaster is given separate emphasis with 2 points for each application. Low
energy structural and non structural systems like filler slabs, ferrocement etc. are
rewarded in Criterion 16. Within LEED the only separately emphasized material
credit is for usage of wood from certified sustainable forests (FSC certified).

GRIHA provides dedicated points for Solar Hot water, an increasingly popular
application in India. LEED in comparison, provides the flexibility of off-site Solar
installations by providing a points. But the overall emphasis for Renewable Energy,
Water Efficiency, Waste Recycling within the finished building is obviously very
similar in both systems. Building Innovations are also equally awarded.

Lastly, it is important in Green Buildings to monitor the continued efficient

performance through an operation and maintenance protocol, which is emphasized
in LEED through the provision for “Enhanced commissioning” of the electrical and
mechanical systems. In comparison, GRIHA possesses a mandatory requirement
of a post occupancy energy audit by a qualified BEE accredited energy auditor,
certifying continued efficient performance. Indira ParyavaranBhawan (IPB) project
is an amalgamation of these two systems, where from the broad perspective,
though individual credits / criterions may have certain differing requirements; the
broad aims really remain the same.

Although GRIHA and LEED India are two different rating systems, the aspects of
sustainability covered under the criteria , are by and large not at variance. Only the
method of documentation, relative weightages to different criteria are different.
The source information for documentation based on actual construction, is
almost the same in both rating systems.With this aspect in view, detailed criteria
wise evaluation for LEED India certification has not been dealt with here.

4. Experiences and Suggestions

CPWD has been in the forefront in formulation and implementation of various
energy conservation and sustainability guidelines and measures in their
construction projects all over the country. Inspite of this fact, it still has been a
new and interesting experience to CPWD in implementation of GRIHA 5star rating
in the Indira Paryavaran Bhawan Project, New Delhi.

Implementation of some of the measures during construction stage, called for an

intensive awareness drive among the workers as well as the Project team.
Decision with regard to selection of some materials has become difficult because
of the extra considerations like recyclability, renewability and local availability,
which came in conflict sometimes with other considerations like cost and

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functional efficacy. Example are materials like UPVC windows, AAC Blocks,
Vitrified tiles, Bamboo Jute Composite doors and systems like Chilled beam
HVAC and regenerative lifts.

It is felt that selection of materials and technologies should be based also on cost
and functional considerations, to make them sustainable not only environmentally
but also economically and socially.

Systematic documentation done for certification, though involved time and other
resources, is found to be a more professional approach towards enforcing the
objectives of sustainability.

The additional cost spent for making this green building, is worthwhile and viable
in view of the anticipated long term benefits. The cost of some new technologies
like Chilled beam HVAC system, regenerative lifts and materials like Glass,
bamboo jute doors, etc are apparently high. However, in the course of time, with
further spread of awareness about green buildings and sustainability and also
increase of competition among product manufacturers, these costs are expected
to come down significantly, thereby making green buildings even more viable.

The experience with implementation of Net Zero Energy mandate has been highly
challenging because of the severe constraints on available terrace space in this
8 storeyed building and also because of the aim to generate 100% renewable
energy entirely on site. Keeping in view sustainability in a holistic sense, we need
to think of other possible benchmarks like net 10%, net 25%, etc, than Net zero
energy buildings.

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• Epilogue
• Team (of officers involved)
Team
MoEF
B N Malhotra
Chief Engineer,CCU
V K Rustagi
Chief Engineer,CCU
V K Jaysawal
Supdtg. Engineer,CCU
L Dung Dung
Supdtg. Engineer,CCU
CPWD
P K Gupta
Addl. DG(TD)
Rakesh Misra
Addl. DG(TD)
Diwakar Garg
Addl. DG(DR)
A K Verma
Addl. DG(DR)
R K Kakar,
Chief Architect(NDR)
R K Kaushal
(CA),NDR
R K Kaushal,
Senior Architect XII

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Ajay Keshav
Senior Architect XII
Anil Kumar,
Architect
P.S.Sodhi,
Landscape Architect
Civil Electrical
R N Dandekar Mukesh Vij
Chief Engineer (NDZ-III) Chief Engineer
Sarvagya Srivastava, S K S Deol
Chief Engineer (NDZ-III) Chief Engineer
Adesh Kumar, P K Garg
Chief Engineer (NDZ-III) Suptdg. Engineer
P.K.Singh, Gurvinder Singh
Chief Engineer (NDZ-IV)
Narendra Kumar R P Gupta
Supdtg. Engineer, DCC XII Exe. Engineer
P.Bhagat Singh Vivek
Project Manager Exe. Engineer
M K Sharma, H P Sharma
Supdtg. Enginner(Plg), NDZ III Exe. Engineer
R R Verma Yumjao Singh
Supdtg. Engineer(Plg), NDZ-IV Asstt. Exec. Engineer
B D Bansal Satish Khowal
Exe. Engineer(Plg), NDZ III Asstt.. Engineer
Anil Kumar Nirmal Sharma
Exe. Engineer(Plg), NDZ III Office Supdt.
Gurdial singh Ram Achal
Exe. Engineer(Plg), NDZ III LDC
G L Verma Structural design
Exe. Engineer(Plg), NDZ IV
Anil Kumar Gupta A K Garg
Exe. Engineer Chief Engineer(CDO)
Nitin Kohli Shashikant
Asstt. Exec. Engineer Suptdg. Engineer(CDO)
Harsh Kumar Mukesh Kumar
Asstt. Engineer Suptdg. Engineer(CDO)
V K Rastogi V K Asol
Asstt. Engineer Exe. Engineer(CDO)

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Neeraj Kalia B S Dalal

Junior Engineer Exe. Engineer(CDO
Ram Daras Rishi Kant
UDC Exe. Engineer(CDO)
Horticulture
B C Katiyar
Deputy DG
Dr. Zile singh
Director
M P Nim
S C Dixit
DD

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