CLASS ACTIVITY

1. Divide yourself into three groups (Maximum 13 members each)

2. Read “Community Mortgage Program: Almost-Successful Alternative for some
Urban Poor” by Michael Lee
3. On one whole sheet of paper, discuss the following as a group:
1. What are housing subsidies?
2. Elaborate on the concept of a Community Mortgage Program. Discuss the
source and allocation of its funds.
3. Based on the provided readings, what is an “originator”?
4. What is the role of Non Government Organizations in implementing
Community Mortgage Programs in the Philippines?

4. Graded Recitation. Two students will be asked per question. (a total of 8 students)
TURNER
1. Building Site In the socialized
“Where do you build your house?”
2. Financing System h o u s i n g s e c t o r,
“How do you spend for your house?” cost reduction in all
3. Contracting Systems
“Who will actually build the house?”
four aspects is
4. Tools and Materials necessary to make
“What will the house be made of?”
housing affordable
GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIZED
GOVERNMENT
PRIVATE: HOUSING UNIT FINANCING BY
Housing unit production/ Land (PRODUCT) GOCC
provision

MATERIALS/SITE

HOMEOWNERS ASSOCIATIONS
(USERS)

LOCAL GOVERNMENT
PRIVATE:
ASSISTANCE
Heavily Government
subsidized and
CAPACITY BUILDING insured
PRIVATE
TRAININGS by NON
FINANCING
GOVERNMENT
ORGANIZATIONS
FINANCE LEGEND
GOVERNMENT
SWEAT EQUITY (PUBLIC)

(CONTRACTING PRIVATE SECTOR

SYSTEM)
BASIC FRAMEWORK OF THE SHELTER DELIVERY SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINES IN THE SOCIALIZED SECTOR
 Note that housing issues particularly in the socialized
sector are made more complex by the user’s reduced
capacity to sustain his/her living conditions, hence, in the
socialized sector, the housing process does not end
in housing delivery and accessibility but livelihood
also becomes a critical component in its success
Priv a t e l y fi na nce d
organizations who
are tasked to provide
housing products vis-
à-vis understanding
that livelihood is a
critical component to
its sustainability
EXAMPLE
 The government is mandated to solve housing
issues, especially in the socialized sector.
Housing subsidies are not only exclusive to
the socialized sector. Government loans via
HDMF are considered subsidized that’s why
it’s cheaper than the private financing market.
Nonetheless, a big chunk of housing subsidies
is designated to the socialized sector.

Housing SUBSIDIES are government-supported financial

housing programs. It may come in the form of tax exemptions
for government organizations, or direct financial assistance.
 How are subsidies spent?

1. Interest Subsidy
Government Finance
programs where loaning
interests are much lower
due to a government-
shouldered costs
2. Tax Exemption
Discounted tax collections
from private corporations,
provided they engage in
housing programs
(financing and production)
for the socialized sector
3. Cash Transfer
Direct cash transfer
Llanto, Gilberto, “Housing Subsidies: A closer Look at the Issues” PIDS Policy Notes 1996 4. Land Cost Subsidy
Government-acquisition of
land for use as housing
sites
 Government Subsidies
allocated per program

1. NHA Resettlement
Program
2. HIGC Development
Insurance
3. HIGC Retail Insurance
4. Abot-Kaya Pabahay Fund
5. Expanded Home Loan
Program
6. Socialized Housing
Development Loan
Program
7. Community Mortgage
Program
8. Unified Home Loan
Program

Llanto, Gilberto, “Housing Subsidies: A closer Look at the Issues” PIDS Policy Notes 1996
 Note that the UHLP is also
accessible by GSIS, SSS, and
HDMF members, but in this
chart, the UHLP is accessibly
by the socialized sector through
originating financial institutions/
developers

Alonzo, Z. Developments in Philippine Housing Finances. Housing Finance International.

 E N T E R : N o n
G o v e r n m e n t
o r g a n i z a t i o n s

The ORIGINATOR
Any entity, group or individual, tasked to assist
Community Associations throughout the
process of housing acquisition.
What are Community
Mortgage Programs?
Accessible by Community Associations
(Homeowners Associations) for three
phases:
 LOAN RECOVERY IS
ESSENTIAL FOR
PROJECT
CONTINUITY

Basic Math dictates that if

Money goes out, money
must come in
AS IT IS WITH ANY FINANCE PROGRAM, FINANCIAL
LIQUIDITY IS NECESSARY TO ENSURE CONTINUITY OR
SUSTAINABILITY
 What are the issues that
emerge from loan recovery?
HOUSING UNIT
(MAJOR COST FACTORS)

1. MATERIAL
2. LABOR

Any element that allows to bring

down the costs in any or both of
the above factors, results to: Php
1. INCREASED PROFIT and/or The COST of the housing unit
2. INCREASED AFFORDABILITY defines the financial component of
housing
In the technological aspects of
housing, one critical consideration
is economics.
 LABOR

Major
cost
factors

MATERIAL
in
construction

TIME

Mass housing technology seeks opportunities to reduce cost-

factors across all socio-economic classifications. Generally, the
faster you build, the lesser resources you consume, the higher
y i e l d s w i l l b e g a i n e d .
COST FACTORS CAN BE REDUCED THROUGH
TECHNOLOGICAL INTERVENTION
Is it fast?
Is it easy?
Does it require a lot of labor?

TIME MATERIAL LABOR

TIME MATERIAL LABOR

M O D E R N B R E AK T H R O U G H S

VANJOIN- Patented lightweight wall

Some technological breakthroughs in
Mass Housing Construction include:

Pre-fabricated Structural Steel

Pre-fabricated Interior Walls
Pre-fabricated modules
Efficiency of the materials depend on the details of the
module design, the ease with which it can be
constructed, which also affect the speed with witch it
can be constructed

WALLCRETE – patented light wall systems

I N T E R L O C K I N G
C O M P R E S S E D E AR T H
B L O C K S
SOME TECHNOLOGICAL ISSUES IN MASS
HOUSING (DEVELOPING COUNTRIES)
Thermal comfort
Acoustic soundness
Lack of Personalization
ISSUES IN THERMAL COMFORT

Figure 2: Masonry houses in the typical village

“The evidence suggests that a lightweight house are cooler

throughout the day and more than two degrees celcius
cooler during the parts of the day when the houses are most
likely to be occupied. It is suggested that mass walls do not
thermally ‘work’ in the same way as lightweight walls due to
their contact with the ground and their correspondingly
diminished capacity to shed heat. In effect the mass house
is never able to effectively cool down to the same extent as
the lightweight house.”
Lightweight tropical: Reconnecting construction technologies with thermal comfort Dr David O’Brien
P E R S O N A L I Z A B L E D E S I G N

The core is identified as the key most

important elements of the structure on a
nuclear level and is expected to evolve
alongside the changes in the user’s needs.
Intervention on the policy level:

(i) Allow flexibility in terms of room types, number, and size. If

possible allow vertical extensions with some degree of control.
(ii) Relaxation of set-backs and building lines to allow
development close to side and rear boundaries (Tipple 2000)
(iii) Introduction of classes of permitted development within
which planning permission is not needed (Tipple 2000).
(iv) Introduction of classes of permitted developments that do
not require professionals’ involvement for approval.
(v) Recognize Personalization Programmes (as discussed
earlier) as part of housing development policy, so that the
establishment of the programmes are to be controlled by the
related government bodies.

PERSONALIZATION AS A SUSTAINABLE
APPROACH TO MASS HOUSING: THE
FUNDAMENTAL THEORY
by MAHMUD BIN MOHD JUSAN
HOUSING MORPHOLOGY ACCORDING TO
S O C I O C U L T U R A L N E E D S

SQUATTER ARCHITECTURE? A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF

VERNACULAR THEORY AND SPONTANEOUS SETTLEMENT
WITH REFERENCE TO SOUTH AMERICA AND SOUTH AFRICA
PETER KELLETT/MARK NAPIER
HOUSING MORPHOLOGY ACCORDING TO
S O C I O C U L T U R A L N E E D S

Sociocultural Context and Vernacular

Housing Morphology: A Case Study
Hesam Kamalipour1,2, Mostafa Zaroudi1
Sociocultural Context and Vernacular
Housing Morphology: A Case Study
Hesam Kamalipour1,2, Mostafa Zaroudi1
Sociocultural Context and Vernacular
Housing Morphology: A Case Study
Hesam Kamalipour1,2, Mostafa Zaroudi1
VERNACULAR TRADITION IN
A R C H I T E T C U R E
“All architecture is the embodiment of cultural
norms that preexist individual buildings.
Vernacular traditions are characterized by a tight
correlation between the understanding of these
norms by designers, builders and users. Modern
Western design results from the exaggeration of
certain aspects within the Western vernacular
tradition: namely, the wish for a will free from
environmental conditions and a congruent
aesthetic of artificiality. True vernacular
tradition is based on participation,
engagement, and an egalitarian political
ethic.” - Henry G1assie
R E T U R N T O C L A S S I C S
PREFABRICATED VERNACULAR HOUSING

Towards Sustainable Housing Construction in Southeast Asia

Dr. Ahmad Sanusi Hassan, University of Science Malaysia (USM)
Agenda 21 for Sustainable Construction in Developing Countries
S O M E S T U D E N T W O R K S
VERNACULAR HOUSING RE-INTERPRETED

The module is strongly

based on the analysis of
the typology of
vernacular Cambodian
h o u s e
Cambodian
House of the
F u t u r e
D e s i g n
Competition
Acessedd at
ww,archdaily.org
 FINAL PLATE

A. Create a 5-minute video showing an extensive case analysis on one informal settlement
and/or rich/mid income and/or socialized housing community, particularly its respective
housing issues and how these were addressed.

The video should include the following:

1. Actual footage and discussion of the existing community that shows its geophysical
characteristics, i.e. location/adjacency studies and conditions of its built and/or natural
environment;
2. Actual footage and discussion of existing livelihood programs and social activities in the
community;
3. Diagrams/charts/tables/interviews that extensively discuss housing acquisition issues, i.e.
loan programs, status of housing tenure, and corresponding challenges to tenure.
4. Creative solutions to technical issues identified.
 FINAL PLATE

B. Submit a descriptive, written manuscript of the video and its contents. This may include
supplementary data which are essential but have not made it to the final cut of the video. The
following must be included in the written counterpart:`

1. Cover page
2. Table of contents including a list figures/charts/ tables
3. Descriptive body
4. Complete list of references (written in the APA format)
5. Annexes, if any
6. A complete list of the technical team and corresponding job assignments (e.g. Video
editors, producers, writers, researchers, source persons, etc.)

Submit:
1. (1) one set of hard copies and
2. A .pdf file of the manuscript uploaded on the VLE
3. Final cut of the video uploaded on VLE

Deadline of Submission: Nov 29, 2019. 8:00AM

READINGS/ REFERENCES

Llanto, Gilberto, “Housing Subsidies: A closer Look at the Issues” PIDS

Policy Notes 1996

Lee, M. (1995) “The Community Mortgage Program: Almost-Successful

Alternative for some Urban Poor. HABITAT INTL. Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. S29-
S46.1995

Alonzo, Z. Developments in Philippine Housing Finances. Housing Finance

International.