SET 1 – SAMPLE QUESTIONS & SOLUTIONS

MACROMOLECULES
Compiled by: Arciaga Tristan Jedidiah, Cabigunda Bryan Christian, Calvez Ma. Janine Elizabeth,
Estoque Rey Martin, Sta. Catalina Shaira

SAMPLE QUESTIONS:
1. The four main categories of large biological molecules present in living systems are _____.
a. Proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and lipids
b.Monosaccharides, lipids, polysaccharides, and proteins
c.RNA, DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates
d.Proteins, DNA , RNA, and steroids

2. The characteristic that all lipids have in common is that ____.

a. They are all made of fatty acids and glycerol
b. They are all acidic when mixed with water
c. They do not have high energy content
d. None of them dissolve in water

3. Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules know as nucleotides?
a. A nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar
b. A pentose sugar and a purine or pyrimidine
c. A nitrogenous base and a phosphate group
d. None of the above

4. Which of the following are nitrogenous bases of the purine type?

a. Adenine and thymine
b. Cytosine and guanine
c. Guanine and adenine
d. Uracil and cytosine

5. One of the primary functions of RNA molecules is to ____.

a. Form the genes of higher organisms
b. Function in the synthesis of proteins
c. Transmit genetic information to offspring
d. None of the above

6. The atoms that make up carbohydrates are ____.

a. C, H, and N
b. C and H
c. C, H, and P
d. C, H, and O

7. Lactose, or milk sugar, is composed of one glucose unit and one galactose unit. It can be
classified as a ______.
a. disaccharide
b. hexose
c. pentose
d. polysaccharide
8. Amino acids can be classified by the ____.
a. number of monosaccharides they contain
b. number of carbon-carbon double bonds in their fatty acids
c. number of peptide bonds they
d. characteristics of their side chains

9. DNA molecules that carry different genetic information can be distinguished by looking at
_____.
a. the number of strands in the helix
b. how much uracil is present
c. the sequence of nucleotide bases
d. differences in the base-pairing rules

10. The "backbone" of nucleic acid molecules is made of _____.

a. nitrogenous base
b. alternating sugars and phosphate groups
c. purines
d. pyrimidines

11. It play a central role in protein synthesis.

a. Nucleic Acid
b. DNA
c. RNA
d. Lipids
12. Your DNA could stretch from earth to the sun and back 600 times.
a. True c. Maybe
b. False d. Insufficient Data

13. Which of the following statement is incorrect?

a. Genes make up only about 3% of your DNA.
b. Nucleic acids play the central role in reproduction of living cells.
c. DNA stores and preserves genetic information.
d. DNA molecules are made of bases – adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and
thymine (T) – locked together in pairs with covalent bonds.
14. Adenine base is always paired up with Guanine base.
a. True c. Maybe
b. False d. Insufficient Data

15. It is the regeneration of DNA from original DNA segments.

a. DNA repetition
b. DNA replication
c. DNA regeneration
d. None of the above
16. In humans and other organisms, which substances below acts as the main energy source?
a. proteins c. lipids
b. carbohydrates d. water

17. Amino Acids are building block of ____.

a. proteins c. nucleic acids
b. carbohydrates d. lipids

18. Polysaccharides are ____.

a. proteins c. carbohydrates
b. nucleic acids d. lipids

19. All of the following are examples of lipids except ____.

a. oil c. steroids
b. starch d. candle wax

20. Which of the following is not a component of a nucleotide?

a. phosphate group c. nitrogenous base
b. flue carbon sugar d. glycerol & fatty acids

21. What type of reaction links monomers together to form polymers?

a. hydrolysis c. exergonic
b. synthesis d. digestion

22. Which of the following is not an organic compound?

a. 𝐶6 𝐻12 𝑂6 c. 𝐶𝐻4
b. 𝐻2 𝑂 d. all of the above

23. Used fo tissue repair abd growth. It is made up of amino acids.

a. protein c. enzymes
b. organic d. polymer

24. Type of lipid which includes testosterone, hydrocortisone, estrogen, etc.

a. nucleotide c. cellulose
b. steroids d. sucrose

25. First protein to have its entire amino acid sequence determined
a. monomers c. insulin
b. maltose d. steroids

ANSWER FOR QUESTIONS 1-25:

Number Answer Number Answer Number Answer Number Answer Number Answer
1 A 6 D 11 C 16 B 21 B
2 D 7 A 12 A 17 A 22 B
3 A 8 D 13 D 18 C 23 A
4 C 9 C 14 B 19 B 24 B
5 B 10 B 15 B 20 D 25 C
26. Nucleotides that make up DNA.
a. AUGC c. transfat
b. ATGC d. non polar

27. Nucleotides that make up RNA

a. transfat c. non polar
b. ATGC d. AUGC

28. Fatty acid chains that lack double bonds therefore pack tightly. It’s major source is animal fats.
a. nucleic acid c. dehydration synthesis
b. monosaccharides d. saturated fats

29. Glycoproteins are classified as what category of protein?

a. catalytic c. transport
b. structural d. protective

30. Amino Acids have acidic (-COOH) and basic (−𝑁𝐻2 ) groups. What is the charge of the amino
acid at high pH?
a. neutral c. negatively charged
b. positively charged d. none of the above

31. What is the charge of amino acids at low pH?

a. neutral c. negatively charged
b. positively charged d. none of the above

32. What reaction occurs between two amino acid to form a peptide bond?
a. evaporation c. precipitation
b. condensation d. all of the above

33. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

a. Peptide bonds are coplanar
b. The pH value at which amino acids have no net change is called isoelectronic point
c. Most enzymes are globular proteins
d. Antibodies are protective proteins

34. It is formed by the condensation of two monosaccharides.

a. monosaccharide c. polysaccharide
b. disaccharide d. all of the above

35. It is a type of disaccharide that is usually found in milk.

a. glucose c. lactose
b. sucrose d. galactose

36. Amylose is water insoluble and constitutes about ____ starch.

a. 10% c. 30%
b. 20% d. 40%

37. Lipids are hydrophobic biological compounds that are soluble in water but insoluble in benzene,
chlotoform and ether.
a. true c. sometimes true
 b. false d. sometimes false
38. What level in the 3-D structure of proteins where its amino acids are in linear sequence?
a. primary c. tertiary
b. secondary d. quarternary

39. Which of the following statement is false?

a. lipoproteins are other types of lipids, which appear in the biological membranes of the cell
b. cells can alter the mix of lipids in their membranes to compensate for changes in
temperature
c. the major component of lipids are fatty acids
d. phospoglycerides have different structures of fats

40. Which structure is for D- Altrose?

a. b. c. d.

41. The large number of H bonds formed between base pairs provides molecular stabilization. DNA
is a very large threadlike molecule and has a double-helical three dimensional structure.
a. both the statements are true
b. both the statements are incorrect
c. the first stratement is true, the second is false
d. the first statement is false, the second is true

42. These are nonchromosomal, autonomous, self-replicating DNA segments.

a. cytoplasm c. adenine
b. plasmids d. thymine

43. Uses organic compounds such as carbohydrates, lipids, and hydrocarbons as a carbon and
energy source.
a. chemoautotrophs c. autotrophs
b. heterotrophs d. none of the above

44. It utilized carbon dioxide as a carbon source and obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic
compounds.
a. chemoautotrophs c. autotrophs
b. heterotrophs d. photoautotrophs

45. It is a cofactor for some enzymes and is required in carbohydrates metabolism.

a. potassium c. hydrogen
b. sulfur d. phosphorus
46. What is the specific term for the RED bond?

a. hydrogen c. glycosidic linkage

b. peptide d. ionic

47. The amino acids are linked together by ____.

a. covalent bonds c. ionic bonds
b. hydrogen bonds d. peptide bonds

48. How many different amino acids are there?

a. 4 c. 6
b. 20 d. 46

49. Which term includes all the others in the list?

a. starch c. polysaccharide
b. monosaccharide d. carbohydrate

50. Cellulose is a _____ made of many _____.

a. proteins;amino acids
b. carbohydrates; fatty acid molecules
c. polymer; glucose molecules
d. polypeptide; monomers

ANSWER FOR QUESTIONS 26-50:

Number Answer Number Answer Number Answer Number Answer Number Answer
26 B 31 A 36 B 41 A 46 B
27 D 32 B 37 B 42 B 47 D
28 D 33 A 38 A 43 B 48 B
29 B 34 B 39 D 44 A 49 D
30 C 35 C 40 A 45 A 50 D