Red Level Lessons

1 Do
2 do - negative
3 Present vs. Past
4 Commands
5 Questions with Do
6 Object Pronouns
7 Special uses for Do
8 Much / Many
9 Little / Few
10 A lot / Some / Any
11 Future Tense - will
12 Future Tense "going to"
13 Like
14 Adjectives
15 Conjunctions
16 Time Expressions
17 Infinitives
18 Gerunds
19 Possessive Pronouns
20 Reflexive Pronouns
21 Money / Numbers
22 Multiplication & Division
23 used to
24 (be) used to
25 Review
 Lesson One

Do - Present Tense
Singular Plural

I do We do
You do You do
He does
She does They do
It does

The verb "do" can be used to make a statement:

I do the laundry every weekend.

...but it is usually used to make the present

tenseor the past tense negative:

I don't have any money.

He didn't go to the store yesterday.

It's also used when making questions:

Do you know what time it is?

Does he have a coat?

Here's a YouTube video:

Statement: I wear glasses

Negative: I don't see well without my

glasses.

Question: Do you wear glasses? I

Statement: You speak French.

Negative: You don't speak Chinese.

Question: Do you speak Vietnamese?

you

Statement: He works on a computer at

work.

Negative: He doesn't work outside.

Question: Does he like his job?

he
Statement: She rides a bike to work.

Negative: She doesn't have a car.

Question: Does she wear a helmet?

Answer: Yes, she does. (notice the

answer to the question uses "do." )
she
Statement: It looks ripe. (ripe=ready to
eat).

Negative: It doesn't grow in the winter in

Minnesota.

Question: Does it grow in the spring?

Answer: Yes, it does. a strawberry = it

Statement: We live in Minnesota.

Negative: We don't live in Canada.

we
Question: Do we like Minnesota?

Yes, we do. Or....

Yes, we like Minnesota.

Statement: You play football.

Negative: You don't play tennis.

Question: Do you play football all year

long?

No, we don't. We play in the fall.

You

Statement: They walk their dogs every

day.

Negative: They don't take their cats for a

walk.

Question: Do they walk their dogs on a

leash.

Yes, they do.

They

The verb "do" is a very important verb. We use it to

make the present tense, the present tense negative, and
for asking questions.

Examples:

I do many things on the weekend. (present tense, "do" is the

main verb)

He doesn't like to go to the store. (present tense negative,

"like" is the main verb)

Do you want to see a movie? (present tense question, "want"

is the main verb)

"Do" is often used as a main verb, but only for particular

activities, such as housework, cleaning, studying,
research, and shopping.

Examples:

I do the dishes every night. (do = wash)

She does her grocery shopping at Cub. (do = go/finish)

They do their homework at the library. (do = complete)

The past tense form of "do" is "did."

Examples:

I did the dishes last night.

She did her grocery shopping at Cub.

"Do" is also used for creating emphasis:

Example:
 A: You don't like this very much.

B: No. I do like it!

Do - Making the negative

Singular Plural

I do not = I don't We do not = We don't

You do not = You don't You do not = You don't

He does not = He doesn't

She does not = She doesn't They do not = They don't

It does not = It doesn't

Click audio player

The verb "do" is a helping verb. We use it to make the
present tense and the past tense negative. (Click here for
a video that shows the difference between the helping verb
and the main verb. )

Examples in the present tense:

I don't work on the weekend. (present tense negative)

He doesn't like to go to the store. (present tense negative)

They don't have any money. (present tense negative)

The past tense form of "do" is "did." Did + not = didn't

Examples in the past tense:

I didn't work last night.

She didn't go shopping yesterday.

We didn't see that movie yet. .

Be careful: "Do" is also used as a main verb, but only for

particular activities, such as housework, cleaning,
studying, research, business, and shopping.

Examples:
I don't do the dishes every night. (do = wash)
She doesn't do her grocery shopping at Cub. (do = go/finish)

They do not do their homework at the library. (do = complete)

Their company doesn't do business in Minnesota.

Examples in the past tense:

I didn't do the dishes last night.

She didn't do her grocery shopping at Cub.

Separating the contraction creates emphasis

Examples:

I do not want to do the dishes!

He does not have his license!

Please, do not put that hot pan on the counter!

Never put do + not + ____ing

He doesn't going to work.( incorrect )

He doesn't go to work. ( correct )

 Avoid bad American grammar!

She don't go to work on Sunday.

It don't matter to me.

He don't know.

Commands

Also known as the Imperative Form, commands are very easy to use. Begin the
sentence with a verb and end with an object, a person or a thing.

Tell someone to do something:

* Answer the phone, please.

 * Drive to the post office.

* Help me find this information.

The subject in each of these sentences is "you," but it doesn't sound

correct to use the subject.

* You answer the phone, please.

* You drive to the post office.

* You help me.

Tell someone not to do something:

* Don't do that. (The subject is "you.")

* Don't hit him.

* Don't drive a car without a seat belt.

In each sentence above, the present tense is used and the subject is
"you.

The polite form of a command uses the word "please."

* Please give that to me.

* Pass the potatoes, please. (Use the word "pass" when you sit at a table with
other people and eat food.)

If someone doesn't do what you wanted him or her to do, use the word "tell."
For examples, click here.

Here's a video
 Lesson Six

Object Pronouns
singular: me, you, him, her, it
plural: us, you, them

Subject Object Noun

Pronoun Pronoun

I Me
I talk to you. You talk to me.

for oneself
 You
You
You talk to
me. I talk to you.

One person I talk to

He
Him
He calls
you. You call him.

a boy or a
man

She
Her
She looks at
you. You look at her.

a girl or a woman
 It
It an animal, an idea, a
It is a cat. place, a situation, a thing, time, weather, an
You feed it. emotion

It is a You eat it.

banana.

one banana = it

We Us
We talk Someone talks
together. tous.

I + you = we

me + you = us
 You You
You learn I teach you
English. English.

They
Them

They eat ice

Someone
cream. gavethem ice people = they / them
cream.

things = they / them

 Lesson Seven

Special Uses for the Verb "Do"

The verb "do" is a little confusing. Not only is it a helping verb, it's a main verb as well. For example, to ask
someone about his or her job, say "What do you do?" The second verb in that question is the main
verb, do.

Examples:

Q: What do you do? A: I'm a cashier.

It's interesting to note that the answer does not require the verb do. In this case the answer uses the
verb be.

Q: What do you do at work? A: I help customers.

Q: What do you do everyday? A: I go to schoool.

What did they do?

They got married.

They do
married.No!
 What is he doing?

He's smoking.

He's doing
smoking. No!

But sometimes "do" is used as the main verb.

In fact, "do" is a very popular main

verb for some activities. It can be
used for exercising, studying,
cleaning, working, and other general
behaviors.

Video and examples below:

What is he doing?

He's doing some exercises.

What does he do every day?

He exercises. / He does exercises.

or....

He does a lot of exercising.

How does she stay healthy?

She does a lot of bicycling.

What does she do every day?

She rides her bike.

or....

She does a lot of biking.

What is she doing?

She's cleaning the bathroom.

or....

She's doing some cleaning.

She does a lot of cleaning at home on the

weekend.
What is he doing?

He's vacuuming.

or....

He's doing some vacumming.

What is she doing?

She's working on her laptop.

or...

She's doing some work on her laptop.

(laptop=computer)

What are they doing?

They're washing the dishes.

or...

They're doing the dishes.

 Many & Much

Many is used with count nouns:

Q: How many apples are there?

A: There are many apples in this

picture.

Q: How many chairs are there?

A: There are two chairs.

Q: How many bees are there?

A: Hundreds. Maybe thousands!

Q: How many apples are there

in this picture?

A: There is only one apple.

Q: How many men are in this

picture?

A: There aren't any. There is only

one woman.
 Much is used with noncout nouns:

Q: How much fruit is there?

A: There's a lot of fruit.

Q: How much water is in the

glass?

A: It's almost full. There's a lot

of water in the glass.

Q: How much traffic is there

this morning?

A: There's a lot of traffic. The

cars aren't moving very fast.
Q: How much fishing does he
do?

A: He does a lot of fishing on

the weekend.

Q: How much beer is there in

his glass?

A: There isn't any. It's all

gone.

Count Nouns Noncount Nouns

Singular or Plural (Don't use in plural form)

car cars traffic

apple apples fruit

machine machines machinery

 fact facts information

chair chairs furniture

dollar dollars money

minute minutes time

(Only use an article with (These plural count (These use "much")
these: a or the) nouns use "many")

It's important to understand the difference between noncount and count

nouns when using many and much. Noncount nouns are often used to
describe large categories while count nouns are usually more specific.

Examples:

 There is a car in the street. (singular count noun)

 Question: How many cars are in the street?

 Answer: There are a few cars in the street (plural count noun)

 Question: How much traffic is there?

 Answer: There is a lot of traffic. (noncount noun)

Noncount nouns always use a singular verb. Count nouns are singular or plural.

Much and Many are usually used with the negative:

Examples:

 There aren't many students in the classroom. (perhaps 4 or 5 students)

 There isn't much food in the refrigerator. ( a small amount of food)
Any + not, never, or without expresses zero:

Examples:

 There aren't any students in the classroom (zero)

 There isn't any food in the refrigerator. It's empty.
 He went outside without any shoes. (There are no shoes on his feet.)
 They never want to eat any vegetables or drink any milk.

Much and Many are usually not used in the affirmative:

Examples:

 There are many apples in the basket. It sounds better to say...

 There are a lot of apples in the basket.

 There is much milk in the refrigerator. It sounds better to say...

 There is a lot of milk in the refrigerator.
 Lesson Nine

a few / a little
Few is used with count nouns:

a few = 3-4 few = a small amount

Q: How many cars are

there?

A: There are just a few.

(a few = 3 or 4)

There are a few bananas

on the table.

(a few = 3 or 4)
 She's sad because she
has very few friends.

(This means she doesn't have many

friends. Notice there is no article. "A
few" means something different.

Few people were at the

meeting. She expected
20, but only three came.

(In this example and the one above,

the situation is not good.)

Little is used with non count nouns

a little / little = a small amount

He dropped a little paint on his wife's head.

You can also use...

a little bit of

He dropped a little bit of paint on his wife's

head.

There's a little snow on the road and on

the ground.
He got very little sleep last night.

(Notice that "sleep" is a noun in this sentence. "A little sleep" is

a small amount of sleep, and "little sleep" is not very much
sleep or no sleep.)

Q: Did she find what she was looking for in

the newspaper?

A: No. There was very little information.

 Lesson Ten

a lot / some / any

There is a lot of traffic on

one side of the street.

A lot of traffic = many cars

There isn't a lot of traffic on the other
side. There are some cars but not
very many.

some = a relatively small amount but

"some" is not easy to quantify or equate to
a particular number.

There isn't any traffic in the street.

There aren't any cars. (not any = 0)

A lot, some, and any are used with indefinite amounts:

Example:

Q: How many students are there in the classroom:

A: There are a lot. (This is a large number). Or....

A: There are some students. (This is a small number but the

number is not known.) Or....

A: There aren't any students. (This is zero or a very, very small

number and the number is not known.)
 Lesson Eleven

The Future Tense - Will ____

Singular Plural
I will ____ We will ____
You will ____ You will ____
He will ____
She will ____ They will ____
It will ____

contractions + main verb:

Singular Plural
I'll ____ We'll ____
You'll ____ You'll ____
He'll ____
She'll ____ They'll ____
It'll ____

examples:
I'll go to
class
tomorrow
and teach
English.

(I'll go = I
will go)

You'll go
to class
tomorrow
and learn
English.

He'll go to
a movie in
the
afternoon,
and he'll
eat a lot
of
popcorn.
She'll
come to
class.

It will
probably
snow this
week.

It'll
probably
snow this
week.

We'll both
be in
school
tomorrow.

You'll be
there, too!
 They'll
play in the
snow
after
school is
over.

Another way to make the future tense is by using "(be)

going to."

I will see my friends on the weekend.

I am going to see my friends on the weekend.

The meaning is the same in both sentences, but the

"going to" future is often preferred because it sounds a
little more relaxed and conversational.

Practice the "going to" future in the next lesson.

Lesson Twelve
The Future Tense - (be) going to ____
 The simple form of the verb comes after "to"

Singular Plural

I am going to ____ We are going to ____

You are going to ____ You are going to ____

He is going to ____

She is going to ____ They are going to ____

It is going to ____

contractions + main verb:

Singular Plural

I'm going to ____ We're going to ____

You're going to ____ You're going to ____

He's going to ____

She's going to ____ They're going to ____

It's going to ____

Remember: The simple form of the verb comes after "to."
examples:

I'm going to go to
class tomorrow and
teach English.

You're going
to goto class
tomorrow and learn
English.
He's going to goto
a movie in the
afternoon, and he's
going to eat a lot of
popcorn.

She's going
towalk to class.

It's probably going

to snow this week.
We're both going
to be in school
tomorrow.

You're going
to bethere, too!

They're going
toplay in the snow
after school is over.

Take a quiz

Lesson Thirteen
 Like
The word "like" gets special attention in this level because it's a
popular word in English. Understanding how to use "like" is
important.

1. "Like" expresses your happiness with something or someone:

I like this ice cream. / I like my neighbors.

2. "Like" is used to make comparisons and to ask questionsabout

people and things:

 Question: What is it like to live in Minnesota in January?

 Answer: It's like living in Siberia.
 Question: Why is he like that?
 Answer: I don't know. He's just naturally a mean person.

A cantaloupe is like a honeydew melon.

or use kind of like:

A honeydew melon tastes kind of like a cantaloupe.

This YouTube video provides some more examples.

 3. "Like" is often used with "would" as a polite way of asking what
a person wants. You often hear this in restaurants:

Question:
What wouldyou like to have
for lunch?

Answer: I'd like a veggie

sub, french fries, and a
coke.

(note the use of the contraction: I'd

like = I would like.)

4. "How do you like..." is used to ask if someone likes something.

It's very similar to "Do you like _______?"

 Question: How do you like living in this city?

  Answer: It's great. I really like it.

 Question: How do you like your pizza?

 Answer: It's awesome!

This YouTube video offers additional examples and explanations

for "How do you like _______?"

5. "Like" sometimes doesn't mean anything at all. Americans use

it in the same way they use "you know" and "uuhhhh...." Try to
avoid doing this when you speak English. It's a bad habit.
Teenagers use this "like" a lot.

That movie was, like, so good.

I was, like, really mad at my teacher because he gave me a bad

grade, and he was, like, "Here. you earned this."

____________________________________________

Warning: "I like." The verb should have an object somewhere after
it. (The exception is example #5.)

 Question: Do you like this car?

 Answer: Yes, I like. (incorrect!)
 Answer: Yes, I like it. (correct!) Or...I like this car.
 Adjectives
Adjectives are words that describe nouns and pronouns.

This is an old radio.

This is a hungry cat.

The banana is yellow.

His glass is empty.

SheShe's Japanese.
 Lesson Fifteen

Conjunctions
Conjunctions are useful in putting nouns, verbs, adjectives,
adverbs, and clauses together when making sentences. There
are seven coordinating conjunctions: and, but, or, nor, for,
yet, so.

examples

I like to eat cheese and

crackers.

Use "and" when putting

two or more things or
people together in a
group.

cheese and crackers

Hockey is a fun sport,
but sometimes you can
fall and hurt yourself.

"But" is a word that shows

contrast or differences.
Hockey is fun, but it is
also a little dangerous.
Fun but dangerous

fun but dangerous

Would you like to eat a

hotdog or a hamburger?
a hotdog or a hamburger
"Or" provides you with a
choice or a decision.
She eats neither
hotdogs nor
hamburgers. She
prefers vegetables.

"Nor" is the negative form

of "or." It's often used with
"neither."

...neither.....nor.....

not a hotdog nor a hamburger

He went to prison, for

he had killed someone.

"For" is very similar to

"because" and "since."
This is a difficult
conjunction to use. It in prison for having killed
sounds very formal.

It's cold outside, yet

these boys don't want to
go inside because they
are having so much fun.

"Yet" is similar to "but." In

this usage it's not the
same as the "yet" which is
used to express time.
cold yet fun
She saw a spider, so
she became afraid.

"So" is similar to
"because" and "for" but
you can't use the word in
the same position. The
same sentence above
could be written:

She became afraid

because she saw a
spider. saw a spider became afraid
 Lesson Sixteen

Expressions of Time
Past Present Future
yesterday today tomorrow
last week this week next week
an hour ago now in an hour
recently as we speak soon
a long time ago these days way off in the future
in the past nowadays eventually
this morning at this time later this evening

Time expressions usually go at the end

or at the beginning of a sentence:
Yesterday I went to school.

I went to school yesterday.

This week I'm going to New York.

I'm going to New York this week.

 Other popular time expressions:

In the morning

When I wake up in the

morning, I like to drink
coffee.

What do you drink in

the morning?

during the day

During the day, they go

to school .

What do you doduring

the day?
 at night

The stars and the moon

come out at night.

Most people sleep at

night, but cats usually
stay out late.

in the afternoon

In the afternoon, I come

home from school and
do my homework.

Using time expressions with the correct verb tense will

improve your English:

- Last week I went to the movies. (past tense. )

- This week I'm working early in the morning. (present

continous tense to describe the entire week)

- Next week I'm going to take a trip to California. (the

"going to" future)
 Lesson Seventeen
Infinitives
Infinitives look like verbs, but they actually function
as nouns. Consider the following sentences:

 I like pizza. ("pizza" is a noun)

 I like to eat. ("to eat" is an infinitive)
 I like to eat pizza. ("pizza" is the object of the
infinitive)

Infinitives can be made with just about any verb: to do, to

be, to go, to make, to take, to see, to get--as long as you
use the simple form of the verb. Infinitives can't be used
with past tense or continuous forms:

to went, to going

Verbs such as need and want often use the infinitive:

 Q: What do you want to do today?

 A: I want to go to the park.
 Q: Is there something you need to get at the store?
 A: Yes, I need to get some milk.
I like to listen to the radio.

(Infinitives are often used after the

verb "like.")

He likes to eat popcorn when he

goes to see a movie.

To play in the snow is one of life's

greatest pleasures.

(The infinitive appears at the

beginning of the sentences. This
sounds very formal.)

He went downstairs to get some

coffee.

(The infinitive is often used to

explain why someone does
something.)
He plays the guitar in order to
relax.

("in order" is similar to "because"

and it introduces an explanation.)

Lesson Eighteen
Gerunds
Gerunds, like infinitives, look like verbs, but they actually
function as nouns. Consider the following sentences:

 I like going to the beach. ("like" is the verb; "going" is the

gerund.)
 Playing volleyball at the beach is fun. ("Playing" is the
gerund and functions as the subject.)
 I like eating cold pizza. ("like" is the verb; "eating" is the
gerund.)

Gerunds are often confused with verbs. Because gerunds take

an "ing" ending, some students mistake them for verbs in the
continuous form. If you don't see the verb "be" in front of a word
with an "ing" ending, it's probably a gerund. For example, which
sentence has a gerund?:

1. He thinks that learning English is important for his

career.
2. This morning, they're meeting their friends at the airport.
 If you said the first sentence, you're correct! The second
sentence is in the present continuous tense.

examples

I like listening to the radio.

(Gerunds are often used after the verb

"like.")

He likes eating popcorn when he goes to

see a movie.
Playing in the snow is one of life's
greatest pleasures.

(Gerunds commonly appear at the

beginning of a sentence. They are
easier to use thaninfinitives in this
position.)

Drinking coffee in the morning is one of

my favorite things to do.

He finds playing the guitar to berelaxing.

 Lesson Nineteen
Possessive Pronouns

Possessive
Subject Object
Pronoun

I me mine

The shirt that I'm wearing is mine

(My shirt is red.)

Possessive
Subject Object
Pronoun

you you yours

Yours is blue.

(Your shirt is blue)

Possessive
Subject Object
Pronoun

he him his

He's not wearing his.

(He's not wearing his shirt.)

 Possessive
Subject Object
Pronoun

she her hers

Hers is blue.

(Her shirt is blue.)

Possessive
Subject Object
Pronoun

it it its

The strawberry is red.

Its skin is red.

("Its" is hard to use as a possessive

pronoun. It's often better to use the
possessive adjective instead.)

Possessive
Subject Object
Pronoun

we us ours

This is our website.

This website is ours.

 Possessive
Subject Object
Pronoun

you you yours

Those uniforms of yours look great.

Possessive
Subject Object
Pronoun

they them theirs

My dog is brown.

Theirs are gold.

Note: it's also possible to say,

"Theirs is gold," if they have just one
dog. A possessive pronoun is
singular or plural depending on the
antecent. An "antecedent" is the
word or words to which the pronoun
refers.
 Lesson Twenty
Reflexive Pronouns
Subject Reflexive Pronoun
I myself
you yourself
he himself
she herself
it itself
we ourselves
you yourselves
they themselves

Reflexive Pronouns refer back to the subject:

I taught myself how to build this

website.
Do you listen to yourselfwhen
you speak English?

The boy hurt himself while

playing hockey.

He hurt himself.

She made herself dizzy by

spinning around.

A computer can turn itselfoff

to save on energy.

It turns itself off.

We can learn for ourselveshow
to do many things.

You decide for yourselvesto

study English. No one tells you what
to do.

They decide
forthemselves where to sit in
class. The teacher doesn't tell them
where to sit.
Match each question to a correct answer:

1. Did you come to school by a. No, he'll need some

yourself today? help.

Answer: _______ b. No, I walked with two

2. Does she know how to get
dressed by herself?
Answer: _______
3. How did you hurt yourself?
Answer: _______
4. Is he able to help himself?
of my friends.
c. I did it while I was
working on my car.
d. I can't help myself.
These onions are really
strong.
e. No, she's only two
years old.

Answer: _______

5. Why are you crying?

Answers:
Answer: _______
1. b; 2. e; 3. c; 4. a; 5. d
 Lesson Twenty-one
Reading Numbers

phone number
It's a good idea to read each
number, one at a time, starting
(715) 555-3423 with the area code.

(212) 555-9876

address

2548 W. Main Street

3165 N. Nelson
Avenue Numbers in addresses are often
combined in pairs.

875 E. Seventh Street

124 W. 44th St.

1008 Clinton Avenue

S.
zip code

60045 Numbers in zip codes are read

individually.
55420

10010

90174

700
large numbers -- hundreds
234

179

309

999
 7,000

2200 / 1800 / 9100

large numbers -- thousands
Years: 1900 / 1976 / 1492 /
1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2011

3,871

76,000

76,255

870,428

176,300

602,899

3,000,000 large numbers -- millions

38,000,000

38,500,000

38,580,900

4,534,289
 907,210,034

2,000,000,000
large numbers -- billions
19,000,000,000

45,200,000,000

87,348,981,420

109,408,441,911
 Lesson Twenty-one, Part II
Talking about Money

a penny / a nickel / a dime / a quarter

These are coins.

Some people call coins "change."

This is a penny.

A penny is worth one cent.

A picture of Abraham Lincoln is

on the penny.
This is a nickel.

A nickel is worth five cents.

A picture of Thomas Jefferson is

on the nickel.

This is a dime.

A dime is worth ten cents.

A picture of Franklin Roosevelt

is on the dime.
This is a quarter.

A quarter is worth twenty-five

cents.

A picture of George Washington

is on the quarter.

This is a half dollar.

A half dollar is worth fifty cents.

A picture of John F. Kennedy is

on the half dollar.

This is a dollar coin.

This is worth one dollar.

A picture of Sacajawea is on the

dollar coin.

Who was Sacajawea?

 paper money

These are bills.

This is a one-dollar bill.

It's worth one dollar.

It's a buck. / It's a one. /

It's a single.

George Washington is on the

one-dollar bill.
This is a five-dollar bill.

It's worth five dollars.

It's five bucks. / It's a five.

Abraham Lincoln is on the five-

dollar bill.

This is a ten-dollar bill.

It's worth ten dollars.

It's ten bucks. / It's a ten.

Alexander Hamilton is on the

ten-dollar bill.

This is a twenty-dollar bill.

It's worth twenty dollars.

It's twenty bucks. / It's a twenty.

Andrew Jackson is on the

twenty-dollar bill.
This is a fifty-dollar bill.

It's worth fifty dollars

It's fifty bucks. / It's a fifty.

Ulysses Grant is on the fifty-

dollar bill.

This is a hundred-dollar bill.

It's worth one-hundred dollars.

It's a hundred dollars. / It's a

hundred.

Benjamin Franklin is on the

hundred-dollar bill.
 Lesson Twenty-two
Multiplication and Division

mulitplication / multiplying
4 x 5 = 20
four times five equals twenty
10 x 10 = 100
ten times ten is a hundred
Note: You can say "equals" or "is" for the result.

The teacher asks for the answer like this:

What's four times five? (What's = what + is)

You might find this video to be helpful:

division / dividing
20 / 5 = 4
 twenty divided by five equals four
100 / 10 = 10
one hundred divided by ten is ten
Note: You can say "equals" or "is" for the result.

The teacher asks for the answer like this:

What's twenty divided by five? (What's = what + is)

 Lesson Twenty-three
used to
"Used to" describes activities in the past. Something was once
true, but now the situation is different. Following "used to" is the
main verb in the simple form.

She used to work as a

waitress, but now she's
working as a photographer.

Bill used to go out with

Donna.
Now he's going out with
Cynthia.

He used to be thin. Now he

has a potbelly.

used to be = was / were

Her hair used to be green, and
then she change it to purple.

He used to go bowling at least

two or three times a week, but
when he lost his job he
couldn't afford to go out as
often. Now he goes bowling
just once or twice a month.
I used to take my kids to the
park every day. Now they're
too old to go.

Soldiers used to use knives,

swords, and shields when
fighting. Now they use guns.
She never used to wear a
helmet when she rode her
bike, but after getting into an
accident, she wears one all
the time.

Use "never" or "didn't" to make

"used to" negative. "Never"
sounds a little better.

He never used to have to

travel on business, but now
he's away from home at least
one or two weeks per month.

He didn't used to travel on

business so often, but now he
does.
 Lesson Twenty-four
(be) used to

"(be) used to" indicates that someone has adapted to a new

situation. The situation was difficult or strange or awkward in
some way, but then everything was okay. You can also use the
verb "get" in place of the verb "be" -- get used to.

Tom is used to sleeping on

the plane when he takes a
long flight.

Notice that the verb "be"

changes depending on the
subject: I am used to..., You are
used to...., He is used to..., We
are used to....
Fernando is used to his new
skateboard.

After "be used to," you can use a

gerund or a noun. The example
above uses a noun.

Fernando is used to riding on

a skateboard.

This example uses a

gerundafter "be used to."

He's not used to being without

his mother. That's why he's
crying.

To make "be used to" negative,

add "not" to the verb "be."
She's used to people thinking
she was born in another
country she looks Asian. In
fact, she was born in Los
Angeles.

He's used to staying out all

night.
He wasn't used to people
calling him "doctor" at first,
but now he hears it every day.

She's used to saying grace

before she eats.

He's getting used to working

at a desk in a busy office. At
first he hated it, but now it's
okay.

Note: You can use "get" in

place of "be."
He wasn't used to being in
prison at first, but he got used
to it after living there for a few
years.

This YouTube video show how

to use "get" + "used to."

She's very rich. She's used to

going to parties and having
other people do work for her.
They're used to living in a cold
state like Minnesota. In fact,
they love it!
Red Level
 Review
Write your answers by hand.

Write each sentence with the main verb in

the present tense, negative:

1. He ________ ________ a car. (have)

2. His friends_______ ________ it's possible to

ride a bike in the winter. (think)

3. His coworkers ________ ________ their

bikes to work. (ride)

4. He ______ _______ a helmet when he rides

his bike. (wear)
Write each sentence with the main verb in
the past tense, negative:

5. They ________ ________ yesterday

because it was Sunday. (work)

6. She ________ _________ any breakfast this

morning. (have)

7. He ________ ________ any work today. (do)

8. They ________ ________ to any meetings

last week. (go)
Answer each question with an affirmative
short answer: (Yes, she....)

 9A: Is she wearing a red dress?

 9B: ______, _______ _______.
 10A: Does she like like the dress?
 10B: _______, ________ _______.
 11A: Do her friends like it?
 11B: _______, _______ _______.
 12A: Are they all going out tonight?
 12B: _______, ________ _______.
 13A: Will she be home before 10:00?
 13B: _______, ________ _______.
 14A: Do you want to meet her?
 14B: _______, _______ ________.

Answer each question with a negative short

answer: (No, it.....)

 15A: Is this a lime?

 15B: ______, _______ ________.
 16A: Are avocados orange?
 16B: _______, _______ ________.
 17A: Was this avocado expensive?
 17B: _______, _______ _______.
 18A: Does this look ripe to you?
 18B: _______, _______ ________.
 19A: Did you buy it?
 19A: _______, _______ ________.
  20A: Is there an avocado in your
backpack?
 20B: ________, _______ ________.

Use the correct object pronoun for each

sentence:

21. She's looking at __________. (a man)

22. He's not looking at _________. (a woman)

23. He's looking at the apple.

He wants ________.

24. Do you know _________? (the man and the

woman)

25. They don't know _________. ( I / your

teacher)
Use the correct reflexive pronoun in each
sentence or question:

26. He needs to be careful. He could hurt

_________ with that knife.

27. I cut __________ with a knife last week.

28. Did you ever hurt __________ while

cooking?

29. My wife burned _________ when she

grabbed the pan in the oven.

Choose "much" or "many" to complete each

sentence or question:

30. There aren't very __________ apples on the

table.

31. How _________ fruit is there?

32. How ________ oranges do you see?

33. All this fruit was on sale. It didn't cost very

_______ money.
Choose "some" or "any" to complete each
sentence:

34. They had __________ friends over for a

party.

35. They ordered _________ pizza.

36. They didn't buy ________ beer.

37. Their friends brought _________ wine.

38. No one wanted ________ pepperoni on the

pizza.

Choose the correct preposition to complete

each sentence:

39. This apartment building is _______ a very

busy street.

40. It's located ______ a big city.

41. Jorge lives _________ 2143 Oak Street.

42. He's not __________ home right now.

43. His building is ________ the ocean.

Use "will" and the main verb to form the
future tense

44. We ___________ early tomorrow morning.

(leave)

45. The plane _______ probably ________ in

Boston after 2:00 in the afternoon. (arrive)

Use the main verb in the "going to" future

tense:

46. ________ they ______________ for a

walk? (go)

47. No, they ________________ a drive. (take)

48. Who _____________________? (drive)

49. Her husband ___________________ the

driving. (do)

50. Their son _____________________ in the

back seat. (sit)

Click here for the answers.

 Next: The Yellow Level

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Red Level
 Review
Write your answers by hand.

Write each sentence with the main verb in

the present tense, negative:

1. He doesn't have a car. (have)

2. His friends don't think it's possible to ride a

bike in the winter. (think)

3. His coworkers don't ride their bikes to work.

(ride)

4. He doesn't wear a helmet when he rides his

bike. (wear)
Write each sentence with the main verb in
the past tense, negative:

5. They didn't work yesterday because it was

Sunday. (work)

6. She didn't have any breakfast this morning.

(have)

7. He didn't do any work today. (do)

8. They didn't go to any meetings last week.

(go)
Answer each question with an affirmative
short answer: (Yes, she....)

 9A: Is she wearing a red dress?

 9B: Yes, she is.
 10A: Does she like like the dress?
 10B: Yes, she does.
 11A: Do her friends like it?
 11B: Yes, they do.
 12A: Are they all going out tonight?
 12B: Yes, they are.
 13A: Will she be home before 10:00?
 13B: Yes, she will.
 14A: Do you want to meet her?
 14B: Yes, I do.

Answer each question with a negative short

answer: (No, it.....)

 15A: Is this a lime?

 15B: No, it isn't.
 16A: Are avocados orange?
 16B: No, they aren't.
 17A: Was this avocado expensive?
 17B: No, it wasn't.
 18A: Does this look ripe to you?
 18B: No, it doesn't.
 19A: Did you buy it?
 19A: No, I didn't.
  20A: Is there an avocado in your
backpack?
 20B: No, there isn't.

Use the correct object pronoun for each

sentence:

21. She's looking at him. (a man)

22. He's not looking at her. (a woman)

23. He's looking at the apple.

He wants it.

24. Do you know them? (the man and the

woman)

25. They don't know me. ( I / your teacher)

Use the correct reflexive pronoun in each

sentence or question:

26. He needs to be careful. He could

hurthimself with that knife.

27. I cut myself with a knife last week.

28. Did you ever hurt yourself while cooking?

29. My wife burned herself when she grabbed

the pan in the oven.
Choose "much" or "many" to complete each
sentence or question:

30. There aren't very many apples on the table.

31. How much fruit is there?

32. How many oranges do you see?

33. All this fruit was on sale. It didn't cost

verymuch money.
Choose "some" or "any" to complete each
sentence:

34. They had some friends over for a party.

35. They ordered some pizza.

36. They didn't buy any beer.

37. Their friends brought some wine.

38. No one wanted any pepperoni on the pizza.

Choose the correct preposition to complete
each sentence:

39. This apartment building is on a very busy

street.

40. It's located in a big city.

41. Jorge lives at 2143 Oak Street.

42. He's not at home right now.

43. His building is on the ocean.

Use "will" and the main verb to form the

future tense

44. We will leave early tomorrow morning.

(leave)

45. The plane will probably arrive in Boston

after 2:00 in the afternoon. (arrive)

Use the main verb in the "going to" future

tense:

46. Are they going to go for a walk? (go)

47. No, they are going to take a drive. (take)

48. Who is going to drive? (drive)

49. Her husband is going to do the driving.

(do)

50. Their son is going to sit in the back seat.

(sit)