Every child must go through a process of growth and development that starts from the womb,

babies, toddlers, school age, and adolescents. But not all children have the same and normal
stages so special handling is needed, one of which is children with special needs (Ministry of
Health, 2010).

Children with special needs are children who have developmental disorders more than two
aspects or children who experience irregularities which consist of blind, disabled, waiting,
mentally retarded, disabled, autism, and learning disabilities (Ministry of National Education,
2011).
National census data issued by the Central Bureau of Statistics in 2007, as many as 10% or 8.3
million children of 82,840,600 children in Indonesia are children with special needs. For the
Special Region of Yogyakarta there are 2,983 people, with details of mental and sensory defects
as many as 366 people, 781 people with disability, 691 mental retardation, 352 people with
double tuna, and 790 people with unknown disabilities.

From the number that is not small, the Government of Indonesia has regulations governing
special protection for children with special needs or persons with disabilities contained in
PermenPPPA PKDS No. 4 of 2017 to protect children with disabilities in community life and
fulfill their rights as guaranteed in the law (KemenPPPA, 2017). One category of children with
special needs is children with disabilities. Tunadaksa is a disability in the muscular, bone and
joint systems that causes disruption of coordination, communication, adaptation, mobilization,
and developmental disorders (Maria, 2017).

Judging from the psychological aspects of people with physical disabilities, they tend to be
apathetic, shy, inferior, sensitive and sometimes selfish attitudes towards their environment are
caused by personal development and formation that are not supported by the surrounding
environment (Laora, 2016). In addition, there are still many families and communities who are
treating different children with disabilities so that they create negative feelings towards the
environment and themselves (Putri, 2010). Negative feelings that are formed will give rise to bad
perceptions for disabled children which will then form a negative self-concept (Nida, 2014).

The problem of self-concept of disabled children, basically has similarities with children whose
physical condition is normal. But psychological factors are very influential on the development
of self-concept because quadriplegic children are very dependent on the perception of the
environment regarding their physical condition (Hurlock, 2006).

Siregar's research (2015), Durado (2013) and Ariyanta (2013) states that family support
influences the formation of self-concept. But in the Nelfice study (2014) stated that there was no
relationship between family support and self-esteem.