Materials and

Qualification
Procedures for
Ships

Book C

Procedure 3-1

Approval of a Steelworks for the Manufacture of Ship Steels

and Boiler and Pressure Vessel Steels with the option of
Specified Through-Thickness Properties

Revision 4, Sept 2015

Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1

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employees or agents are, individually and collectively, referred to in this clause as ‘Lloyd’s
Register’. Lloyd’s Register assumes no responsibility and shall not be liable to any person for any
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© Lloyd's Register Group Limited 2015. All rights reserved.

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Innovation Campus, Burgess Road, Southampton, SO16 7QF

    Page 2 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1

Approval of a Steelworks for the Manufacture of Ship Steels

and Boiler and Pressure Vessel Steels with the option of
Specified Through-Thickness Properties

1 General Requirements

1.1 The Approval Process

1.1.1 The approval scheme is intended to verify the manufacturer’s capability to provide
satisfactory products under effective process, production and inspection controls in
accordance with the Rules for the Manufacture, Testing & Certification of Materials
Chapter 1.

1.1.2 In order that consideration may be given to approval of a works for the manufacture of
ship steels and boiler and pressure vessel steels, the surveyors are to follow the process
defined in Section 2.

1.1.3 Works are to communicate to Surveyors the information which will result in the
following reports, each of which is to be submitted to the Materials and NDE
Department (MNDE) by the surveyor:

 An initial report giving the information listed in Sections 3 and 4, together with a
proposed test programme in accordance with section 5.

 A final report containing the results of approval tests carried out under Sections 5
and 6.

1.1.4 The name of approved works will appear in Lloyd’s Register’s List of Approved
Steelmakers and Manufacturers of Rolled Steel Plates, Strip, Sections & Bars which is
published on Lloyd’s Register’s Class Direct web site (www.cdlive.lr.org)

    Page 3 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
1.2 Related Documents
1.2.1 This procedure applies to hot rolling practices including heat treatment, when
applicable for the grade of steel.

1.2.2 Delivery conditions covered by this procedure are As-Rolled (AR), Normalised (N),
Normalised Rolled/ Control Rolled (NR), Thermo-mechanically Controlled Rolled (TM)
and Quench and Tempered (QT). This procedure does not refer to High Strength steel
(Q&T) grades (as per LR Rules for Materials Chapter 3 Section 10).

1.2.3 This procedure can also include steel plate with specified through-thickness properties
as included in Chapter 3 Section 6 of Lloyd’s Register Rules for Materials Chapter 3,
Section 8.

1.2.4 Where the approval process does not demonstrate capability of certain processes, e.g.
heat treatment, such processes may be specifically excluded from the scope of
approval.

1.2.5 Where any manufacturing processes are carried out by subcontractors, full details of
the sub-contractor must be included and confirmed by survey at the sub-contractor’s
facility. Details of this sub-contractor may be specified on the scope of approval.

1.3 Related Rules

1.3.1 Lloyd’s Register’s Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships (hereinafter
referred to as the Rules for Ships).

1.3.2 Lloyd’s Register’s Rules for the Manufacture, Testing and Certification of Materials
(hereinafter referred to as the Rules for Materials).

    Page 4 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
1.4 Related Materials and Qualification Procedures for Ships

MQPS 3-0. Approval of a Steelworks for the Manufacture of Steel and Semi-finished
Products

MQPS 3-2. Approval of a Steelworks for the Manufacture of Ferritic Steels for Low
Temperature Application

MQPS 3-3. Approval of a Steelworks for the Manufacture of Corrosion Resistant Steel
for Cargo Oil Tanks of Crude Oil Carrier in compliance with IMO Resolution
MSC289(87)

MQPS 3-4. Approval of a Steelworks for the Manufacture of High Strength Quench
and Tempered Steels

MQPS 3-5. Approval of a Steelworks for the Manufacture of Austenitic and Duplex
Stainless Steels

MQPS 3-6. Approval of a Works for the Manufacture of Clad Steel Plate for Tank
Production

MQPS 3-7. Approval of a Steelworks for the Manufacture of Bar Material for Chain
Cable

    Page 5 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
2 Application for Approval

2.1 Stages of approval

2.1.1 This section sets out the five stages involved in the granting of Lloyd’s Register
approval as follows.

(a) Preliminary Review [Stage 1]

The purpose of the preliminary review is to confirm the general capabilities of the
works and identify any major non-compliance which will need to be addressed prior to
further consideration of the approval process. This review may involve a preliminary
assessment visit to the works.

During the course of the review the works shall also demonstrate to the satisfaction of
the surveyor that they operate a robust Health & Safety Management System.

Based upon the findings of the preliminary review, the surveyor will issue a report to
the company :

 Giving a recommendation that the works approval process proceeds to the next
stage (see the Flow Chart below) or

 Giving the reasons why the works is not considered suitable for LR approval at
this time.

(b) Submission of Works Approval Information [Stage 2]

Following the surveyor’s recommendation to progress with the approval process, the
manufacturer will be invited to compile and submit the detailed information requested
in Sections 3 and 4 to the local Lloyd’s Register office. The report shall be formatted to
follow the sections and sub-sections of this procedure and shall preferably be
submitted in electronic format. The report and all supporting documents should be
presented in English or annotated in English in an appropriate manner.

Additionally, the manufacturer must submit a proposed test programme in accordance

with Section 5.

The local surveyor will review the submitted information from the works and shall
conduct an on-site survey during which the contents of the submitted information are
verified and any technical or procedural issues related to the approval are resolved.

    Page 6 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1

On satisfactory review of these documents, the surveyor will submit the following to
the Materials & NDE Department:

• A short visit report

• The information submitted by the works in accordance with Sections 3 & 4

• A proposed test programme in accordance with Section 5

(c) Review of Submission by Materials & NDE Department [Stage 3]

Lloyd’s Register Materials & NDE Department shall review the submitted information
before any manufacture and testing commences. Any testing carried out before
notification of test plan acceptance by MNDE shall be at the manufacturer’s risk.

Where necessary, clarification will be sought regarding major issues that are discovered
during this stage of review of the submitted information.

The outcome of the review will be conveyed to the surveyor and the Materials & NDE
Department will confirm the approval test programme and any other actions they
require the surveyor to carry out during the surveyor’s attendance at the manufacturer
whilst witnessing approval manufacture and testing.

The surveyor will communicate this information to the manufacturer.

(d) Approval Tests & Survey [Stage 4]

Following Materials & NDE Department agreement to the test plan, the Works will
manufacture the approval rolled products. The Lloyd’s Register surveyor will arrange to
attend the works to survey the manufacture and witness the testing of the approval
test materials.

In addition, during attendance, the surveyor will follow up on actions requested by the
Materials & NDE Department.

The surveyor will appropriately appraise and endorse all test reports which are required
by this procedure.

The surveyor will review a manufacturer’s report which collates all required information
in a clear and concise manner. The format of the report must follow the sections and
sub-sections of this procedure and it should preferentially be in electronic form. If the
report is found to be satisfactory by the surveyor, it will be endorsed by the
manufacturer and verified and stamped by the LR surveyor. It will then be forwarded
to the Materials & NDE Department for final review and approval.

    Page 7 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
(e) Review of Results [Stage 5]

The surveyor’s report and endorsed test results will be reviewed by Lloyd’s Register
Materials & NDE Department. During this process, points of clarification may be
required to be followed up with the surveyor in cooperation with the manufacturer.
On satisfactory review the works will be added to Lloyd’s Register’s list of approved
manufacturers and a Certificate of Approval will be issued.

(f) Unless otherwise agreed with the MNDE Department, the above stages are to
be carried out as five distinct entities. In particular, Stage 3 - test plan approval
is required before testing is commenced in order to avoid delays in the approval
process.

    Page 8 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
3 Written information required for the manufacturing capability review

3.1 Works Background Information, History, Contact Details and Scope of Approval
Request.

3.1.1 The manufacturer is to provide the following product related details in writing to the
local surveyor:

(a) Details of the plant and its history in brief.

(b) Types of products and grades of steel in general production.

(c) Maximum and minimum dimensions of each product which can be manufactured.

(d) Estimated total annual production of finished products.

(e) Products, maximum thicknesses and grades of steel for which approval is required.

(f) Contact details that the manufacturer would like shown on the published approved list
including sales telephone number, fax number, email address and website.

(g) The year of issue for the copy of the Rules for Materials which are held by the Works
and the means whereby possible Rule changes are incorporated into company
procedures.

(h) The MQPS documents which are used for the approval application, including their
revision numbers

(i) Details of the inspection and quality control systems established in the works, including
details of the personnel involved

(j) Third party certification held (e.g. ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and/or ISO 18001, etc), as
applicable.

(k) A flow diagram showing all stages of production, testing and inspection points.

(l) An organogram showing the organisational structure shall be submitted indicating the
lines of responsibility of the quality manager and production manager and the senior
management to whom they report. This should also indicate the quality department
with number of personnel qualifications and responsibilities

    Page 9 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1

3.2 Process Specific Information

3.2.1 The manufacturer is to provide the following process related details in writing
to the local surveyor:

(a) Details of the steel composition to be used for each grade, including the grain refining
elements to be used and their specified limits. The aim and maximum carbon
equivalent is to be stated for each grade. For higher strength steels the aim and
maximum Pcm should be additionally stated for each grade. This will constitute the
approved composition for each grade and would include for any variation which would
be required for different thicknesses of product.

It is important to note that the chemical compositional range approved for each grade
must be adhered to. Any changes to the approved range of composition, including
micro-alloying elements (eg aluminium, niobium, titanium and vanadium), may require
approval by Materials and NDE Department following additional procedure tests.

(b) If steelmaking is undertaken in the works, the requirements of MQPS 3-0 are also to be
provided.

(c) If steelmaking is not undertaken at the works, details of usual suppliers of ingots,
continually cast products or other semi-finished products. Details of the products
supplied are required. All suppliers must be approved by Lloyd’s Register for the supply
of these products.

(d) Where applicable, details of the system employed for checking incoming stock for
rolling, acceptance criteria employed and storage prior to use.

(e) Details of each rolling line. This should detail the rolling stands used in each rolling line,
methods for controlling temperature, methods of descaling and any equipment used
for cooling.

(f) For products produced from continuously cast stock (slabs, blooms billets or bars),
proposed minimum amount of hot working expressed as the ratio of the cross-
sectional area of the billet (perpendicular to the rolling direction) to the cross-sectional
area of the finished rolled product.

    Page 10 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
(g) For delivery conditions other than quench and tempered, the methods used to
determine the re-crystallisation stop temperature, minimum final rolling temperature,
Ar3 temperature and normalising temperature should be stated.

(h) For quench and tempered delivery conditions, the controls which are in place for this
process, which will include austenitising temperature and holding time and tempering
temperature and holding time.

(i) Details of the rolling schedule. This should include, but not be limited to, final rolling
temperature and accelerated cooling start and finish temperatures (if applicable)

(j) Details of the reheating and heat treatment facilities after rolling, together with the
number of furnaces used, including the dimensions, type of fuel used and facilities for
temperature measurement and control. Additionally, positions of thermocouples
should be indicated and the method, frequency and acceptance parameters of furnace
uniformity surveys. Also included would be details of how each furnace is loaded
including restrictions of volume, mass, number of items, etc; details of the loading
temperatures, heating rates, holding times (including how these have been
determined) and cooling rates. Details of quenching facilities, as applicable.

(k) Facilities and practices for mechanical testing; details should include the practices used
for manufacture and preparation of mechanical test specimens and the name of the
manufacturer, model number or description, manufacturers unique serial number,
maximum test capacity and calibration status for tensile and impact test equipment.

(l) Production statistics of mechanical testing (yield strength, tensile strength, elongation
and impact properties) for finished products of applicable grades produced including
the internal acceptance ranges.

(m) Details of any subcontracted activities and particulars relating to the related
requirements of the appropriate sections above (eg Section (g) applies to
subcontracted heat treatment)

(n) If specified through-thickness properties are required to be approved, then NDE

procedures and technique sheets that will be used for the approval tests. The
procedure is to be in compliance with either EN 10160 Level S1/E1 or ASTM A 578
Level C. These documents, which must be authorised by a Level III qualified NDE
operator.

4 Survey of the manufacturing, testing and inspection capabilities

4.1 The local surveyor will carry out a survey of the works and any subcontractors, as
applicable, which will include the manufacturing, inspection and testing facilities and
procedures. As a minimum, the following manufacturing areas are to be included in
the survey, with a view towards verification of the information contained in the
manufacturer’s written report (see Section 3 above). If permitted, photographs might
be used to support appropriate information.

    Page 11 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
(a) Inspection and checking of incoming stock for rolling.

(b) Rolling stock storage area.

(c) Reheating process for ingots, slabs and billets

(d) Product and test material identification and control

(e) The rolling process

(f) Facilities for scale removal and for other surface finishing processes

(g) Visual inspection practices

(h) Ultrasonic examination for quality control purposes

(i) Facilities and control procedures for metallographic testing and microstructure control

(j) Storage of finished products

(k) Heat treatment facilities and control

(l) Facilities and practices for chemical analysis and mechanical testing

4.2 Where responses to any questions raised by the survey are not forthcoming from the
manufacturer, the reasons for omission must be clearly stated in writing.

4.3 Following review of submitted documentation and its verification through the site
survey, the surveyor will issue a report of their findings together with a proposed scope
of approval testing based upon the guidance given in Section 5 and Section 6. The
surveyor will issue a final recommendation stating their opinion as to whether the
works should be considered for the next stage of approval. If the surveyor decides that
approval application would not be appropriate at this time, this will be communicated
to the works together with the reasons why this decision was made and suggestions as
to actions which could be undertaken to improve the application.

If the surveyor deems the approval application to be suitable for progression, the
documents listed in 3.2.1, the proposed test programme and the surveyor’s report of
the activities carried out in Section 4 will be sent to the Materials & NDE Department
for specialist review before testing commences.

5 Approval test programme

5.1 Selection of material

    Page 12 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
5.1.1 Generally, the initial approval test programme is to be carried out on at least two casts
of each product and grade selected for approval testing except that tests on certain
grades can be taken in lieu of tests on other grades (see Section 5.2 below). The
testing is in respect of specific types of products and if, for example, a works requests
approval for both plates and sections or bars, it will be necessary to carry out tests on
two casts rolled into plates and two casts rolled into sections or bars.

5.1.2 The dimensions of the products from each cast submitted for approval tests are to be
representative of the range which will be manufactured and should include at least
one batch of material of the maximum thickness and width or diameter which it is
proposed to supply, i.e. material where the amount of hot working is at the minimum
value proposed by the manufacturer. If an example representing the maximum width
or diameter cannot be included, then agreement needs to be made on what the
maximum width or diameter will be granted manufacturing approval based on the
samples supplied.

5.1.3 With the exception of hot coiled strip, approval tests are to be carried out on a
minimum of two rolled products of different thickness or diameter from each cast. For
plate, wherever possible, these tests are to be carried out on one plate 15 to 20mm
thick and on another of the maximum thickness that will be produced, up to 100mm.
If specified through-thickness properties are required to be approved, wherever
possible, the tests are to be carried out on one plate of approximately 25mm thickness
and on another of approximately 50mm thickness. For ingot cast material, one plate is
to be representative of the top of the first ingot and the other is to be representative of
the last ingot from the ladle. Similarly, for continuous casting, one plate is to be
representative of the beginning of a cast and the other of material poured when the
ladle is nearly empty.

5.1.4 For thicknesses/diameters greater than those covered by the LR Rules for Materials,
additional testing at maximum thickness may also be required. For instance, testing
material at the centreline region of the product.

5.1.5 For hot coiled strip, materials for approval are to be taken from two coils selected from
different casts. The coils selected are to be representative of material from an ingot top
end and an ingot bottom end or, in the case of continuously cast material, from the
beginning of one cast and from the end of the other. Additionally one coil should be
of the maximum thickness that it is proposed to supply. In the case of Works approval
for plate cut from coil, works with de-coiling plant which are already approved for
plate will be allowed a reduction in the number of tests required.

5.1.6 Testing shall be carried out according to Chapter 3 of LR Rules for Materials or to an
agreed National Standard or proprietary specification. Details of the applicable testing
standards shall be submitted.

5.1.7 Applicable specification. Copies of any material specifications should be submitted

where these are not National/International standards. English copies are preferred
although documents annotated in English will be acceptable.

    Page 13 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
5.2 Tests, test samples and specimens

5.2.1 Approval for any strength of steel also covers approval for any lower toughness grade
in the same strength level, provided that the aim analyses, rolling schedule and
condition of supply are similar.

5.2.2 Provided the steelmaking process, de-oxidation and fine grain practice, casting method
and condition of supply are the same throughout, for high tensile steels, with the
exception of steels of strength level 47, approval tests on one strength level could
cover the strength levels as shown in Table 3-1.1. Also, approval tests on the lowest
and highest toughness levels cover the intermediate toughness levels.

Grade Grades Approved

Tested

A A

B B A

D D B A

E E D B A

AH27S AH27S

DH27S DH27S AH27S

EH27S EH27S DH27S AH27S

FH27S FH27S EH27S DH27S AH27S

AH32 AH32 AH27S

DH32 DH32 AH32 DH27S AH27S

EH32 EH32 DH32 AH32 EH27S DH27S AH27S

FH32 FH32 EH32 DH32 AH32 FH27S EH27S DH27S AH27S

AH36 AH36 AH32 AH27S

DH36 DH36 AH36 DH32 AH32 DH27S AH27S

EH36 EH36 DH36 AH36 EH32 DH32 AH32 EH27S DH27S AH27S

FH36 FH36 EH36 DH36 AH36 FH32 EH32 DH32 AH32 FH27S EH27S DH27S AH27S

AH40 AH40 AH36 AH32 AH27S

DH40 DH40 DH36 AH36 DH32 AH32 DH27S AH27S

EH40 EH40 DH40 AH40 EH36 DH36 AH36 EH32 DH32 AH32 DH27S AH27S

AH32
EH27S
FH40 FH40 EH40 DH40 AH40 FH36 EH36 DH36 AH36 FH32 EH32 DH32
DH27S
AH27S

EH47 EH47

    Page 14 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1

Table 3-1,1 Guidance of scope of approval based upon grade tested

    Page 15 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
5.2.3 Where there is insufficient justification to permit the range of approval shown in Table
3-1,1 additional grades of material will require testing to approve the intended range of
steels.

5.2.4 Approval of any normal or higher strength grade also covers approval of the carbon-
manganese grades of boiler and pressure vessel steels of the same strength level,
provided that the supply condition is similar and applicable to boiler steels.

5.3 Tests, test samples and specimens

5.3.1 The positions from which the test samples are taken, the dimensions of the test
specimens and mechanical testing procedures are to be in accordance with the
requirements of Section 5 of this document and Chapter 3 of the LR Rules for Materials.

In the following tables ‘Top’ and ‘Bottom’ refer to the top section and the bottom
section of the rolled piece.

    Page 16 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
5.3.2 For plates and flats with a finished width exceeding 600 mm, the following tests are to
be carried out on each piece submitted for approval testing:

Type of Test Position of the Remarks

samples and
direction of the
specimens

Chemical Top C, Mn, Si, P, S, Ni, Cr, Mo, Al, N, Nb, V, Cu, As, Sn, Ti ,
Analysis (ladle Sb and B
and product)

Weldability Top (a) Carbon equivalent calculation (Rules for Materials,

Chapter 3, Section 3.4.2).
composition (b) Cold cracking susceptibility calculation (Rules for
functions Materials, Chapter 3, Section 3.4.2).

Segregation Top Sulphur prints are to be taken from plate edges which
assessment are perpendicular to the axis of the slab or ingot. These
(Note 1) sulphur prints are to be approximately 600 mm long
taken from the centre of the face selected, i.e. on the
slab or ingot centreline, and are to include the full plate
thickness.

Micro Top and bottom Micrographic examination: the micrographs are to be

examination representative of the full thickness. For thick products at
least three examinations are to be made at surface, one
quarter and mid-thickness of the product.

All photomicrographs are to be taken at x100

magnification and where ferrite grain size exceeds
ASTM grain size 10, additionally at x500 magnification.

Results to be presented in the form of a report which

gives details of the etchants used and a description of
the microstructure shown.

Grain size Top and bottom Ferrite grain size should be determined for each
determination photomicrograph.

Tensile Test Top and bottom Yield strength (ReH), Tensile strength (Rm), Elongation (A5)
– longitudinal & and Reduction in Area (RA) are to be reported
transverse
direction

Tensile test Top and bottom Stress relieving at 600 °C

(stress relieved) transverse
only for TM (Heating rate of 2 min/mm with minimum 1 hour
steels holding time.)

    Page 17 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
Tensile test Top and bottom Required for Normalised Rolled (NR) steels only
(normalised) transverse

Impact tests on Top and bottom Testing temperature (C)

non aged - longitudinal
specimens
(Notes 2 and 3)

A, B, AH27S, Top and bottom

AH32, AH36, - longitudinal -40 -20 0 +20
AH40
D, DH27S,
DH32, DH36, -60 -40 -20 0
DH40
E, EH27S,
EH32, EH36, -80 -60 -40 -20 0
EH40
FH27S, FH32, -100 -80 -60 -40 -20
FH36, FH40
A, B, AH27S, Top – transverse
AH32, AH36, -40 -20 0 +20
AH40
D, DH27S,
DH32, DH36, -60 -40 -20 0
DH40
E, EH27S,
EH32, EH36, -80 -60 -40 -20 0
EH40, EH47
FH27S, FH32, -100 -80 -60 -40 -20
FH36, FH40
EH47 -80 -60 -40 -20 0
Impact test on Top -
strain aged longitudinal
Deformation 5% + 1 hour at 250°C.
specimens for
grades:

AH27S, AH32,
-40 -20 0 +20
AH36, AH40
DH27S, DH32,
-60 -40 -20 0
DH36, DH40
EH27S, EH32,
-80 -60 -40 -20 0
EH36, EH40
FH27S, FH32,
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20
FH36, FH40
EH47
-80 -60 -40 -20 0

    Page 18 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
Bend Test Top – Bend test specimens are to be the full thickness of the
longitudinal and material and with a width of approximately 1,5 times
transverse the thickness. Where the capacity of the testing
machine is insufficient to test the material in full
thickness, the test specimens may be reduced to a
thickness of 25 mm by machining on one side only. The
original rolled surface is to be tested in tension. The
specimens are to be bent at room temperature through
an angle of 180°, over a former with a diameter not
exceeding three times the thickness of the test
specimen. Subsequently the sides are to be closed until
they touch, or fracture occurs.
Drop weight Top Only for grades E, EH27S, EH32, EH36, EH40, EH47,
test in FH27S, FH32, FH36, FH40 above 16 mm thickness. The
accordance Nil Ductility Test Temperature (NDTT) is to be reported.
with ASTM
E208
Through Top and bottom Optional for grades with improved through thickness
thickness properties
tensile
Weldability Applicable to E, AH27S, AH32, AH36, AH40, DH27S,
Tests (Note 4) DH32, DH36, DH40, EH27S, EH32, EH36, EH40, EH47,
FH27S, FH32, FH36, FH40
Bead-on-plate If the CEV value of the proposed aim specification is
test greater or equal to 0.41%, testing in accordance with
MQPS 0-3. Samples should be taken from the ¼ width
in accordance with the Rules for Materials, Chapter 3,
Figure 3.1.2 (a).
Butt Weld Testing in accordance with MQPS 0-3. Samples should
Assembly be taken from the ¼ width in accordance with the Rules
for Materials, Chapter 3, Figure 3.1.2 (a).
CTOD Where the approved minimum thickness exceeds 16
(E, EH27S, mm, CTOD testing in accordance with MQPS Book A
EH32, EH36, Procedure 0-3. Test temperature is -10°C. CTOD tests
EH40, EH47,
will also be required where new steels or processes have
FH27S, FH32,
FH36, FH40 been developed.
only)
Notes

(1) Other tests for determination of segregation assessment may be proposed and will be
subject to acceptance by MNDE
(2) For plates having thickness higher than 40 mm one additional set of impact specimens is
to be taken with the axis located at mid-thickness.
(3) In addition to the determination of the energy value, also the lateral expansion and the
percentage crystallinity are to be reported.
(4) Where a steel is to be approved for welding heat input above 50 kJ/cm, additional
weldability tests are to be carried out at the maximum heat input to be approved.

    Page 19 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
5.3.2.2 EH 47 requires additional testing as follows:

(i) CTOD test according to LR Rules for Materials Chapter 2, Section 6. The
results are to be reported

(ii) ESSO crack arrest toughness test or an alternative Crack Arrest Test (CAT).
The results are to be reported

5.3.2.3 For steel grades which require approval for specified through thickness properties,
the dimensions of test specimens and mechanical testing procedures are to be in
accordance with the requirements of Ch 3, Section 8 of the Rules for Materials.
Testing additional to tables 5.3.1 and 5.3.3 is required to as follows:

(a) Prior to the preparation of mechanical test specimens, each plate is to be

ultrasonically examined in accordance with the steelmaker's procedure. The
ultrasonic examination is to be witnessed by the Surveyor. The results of this
examination are to be reported.

(b) Through-thickness tensile tests. Three specimens are to be taken from the
centre of the top and bottom ends and from near each corner, i.e. six sets of
specimens. The tensile strength and percentage reduction of area are to be
reported.

(c) Ultrasonic testing in accordance with the approved UST procedure, using a
probe of frequency 3-5 MHz.

    Page 20 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
5.3.3 For flats 600 mm in width and sections, the following tests are to be carried out on the top
and bottom ends of each piece submitted for approval tests:

Type of Test Position of Remarks

the samples
and
direction of
the test
specimens
Chemical Analysis Top & bottom C, Mn, Si, P, S, Ni, Cr, Mo, Al, N, Nb, V, Cu, As, Sn,
Ti , Sb and B
Segregation Top and Sulphur prints are to be taken and include the full
assessment (Note1) bottom cross section.
Micro examination Top and Micrographic examination: the micrographs are to
bottom be representative of the full thickness. For thick
products in general at least three examinations are
to be made at surface, one quarter and mid-
thickness of the product.
All photomicrographs are to be taken at x100 and
x400 magnification.
Results to be presented in the form of a report
which gives details of the etchants used and a
description of the microstructure shown.

Grain size Top Ferrite grain size should be determined for each
determination photomicrograph.
Tensile Test Top and ReH, Rm, A5(%), RA(%) are to be reported
bottom –
longitudinal
Impact tests on non Test temperatures (C)
aged specimens
(Note 2)
A, B, AH27S, AH32, Top and
AH36, AH40 bottom - -20 0 +20

D, DH27S, DH32, longitudinal

DH36, DH40 -40 -20 0

E, EH27S, EH32,
EH36, EH40 -60 -40 -20 0

FH27S, FH32, FH36,

FH40

-80 -60 -40 -20

    Page 21 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
Impact test on Top -
strain aged longitudinal
Deformation 5% + 1 hour at 250°C.
specimens for
grades:

AH27S, AH32,
-40 -20 0 +20
AH36, AH40

DH27S, DH32,
-60 -40 -20 0
DH36, DH40

EH27S, EH32, EH36,

-80 -60 -40 -20
EH40

FH27S, FH32, FH36,

-100 -80 -60 -40
FH40

EH47 -80 -60 -40 -20

Bend Test Top and Bend test specimens are to be the full thickness of
bottom – the material and with a width of approximately 1,5
longitudinal times the thickness. Where the capacity of the
testing machine is insufficient to test the material in
full thickness, the test specimens may be reduced to
a thickness of 25 mm by machining on one side
only. The original rolled surface is to be tested in
tension. The specimens are to be bent at room
temperature through an angle of 180°, over a
former with a diameter not exceeding three times
the thickness of the test specimen. Subsequently
the sides are to be closed until they touch, or
fracture occurs.

Notes

(1) Other tests for determination of segregation assessment may be proposed and will be
subject to acceptance by MNDE
(2) In addition to the determination of the energy value, also the lateral expansion and the
percentage crystallinity are to be reported.

5.3.4 For hot coiled strip the following tests are to be carried out on the top and bottom
ends of each piece submitted for approval tests:

Type of Test Position of Remarks

the samples
and
direction of
the test
specimens
Chemical Analysis Beginning C, Mn, Si, P, S, Ni, Cr, Mo, Al, N, Nb, V, Cu, As, Sn,
and end of Ti , Sb and B
each coil

    Page 22 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
Sulphur Beginning Sulphur prints are to be taken and include the full
prints/Inclusion and end of cross section.
assessment (Note1) each coil
Micro examination Beginning Micrographic examination: the micrographs are to
and end of be representative of the full thickness. For thick
each coil products in general at least three examinations are
to be made at surface, one quarter and mid-
thickness of the product.
All photomicrographs are to be taken at x100 and
x400 magnification.
Results to be presented in the form of a report
which gives details of the etchants used and a
description of the microstructure shown.

Grain size Beginning Ferrite grain size should be determined for each
determination and end of photomicrograph.
each coil
Tensile Test Beginning ReH, Rm, A5(%), RA(%) are to be reported
and end of
each coil –
longitudinal
plus
transverse if
width
>600mm or
in the case of
decoiled plate
Drop weight test in Top Only for grades E, EH27S, EH32, EH36, EH40, EH47,
accordance with FH27S, FH32, FH36, FH40 above 16 mm thickness.
ASTM E208 The Nil Ductility Test Temperature (NDTT) is to be
reported.
Weldability of plate Samples of Weldability tests as for plate given in Section 5.3.2
cut from coil plate cut
from coil
Assessment of the Flame cut a The flatness of the plate should be assessed in
residual stress in the 500 x 500 accordance with a recognised standard e.g. EN
de-coiled plate mm section 10029. A cut section should then be assessed for
from the mid any distortion, which should not exceed the flatness
width of a tolerance as measured on the parent plate.
de-coiled
plate, at least
500 mm from
the edge of
the plate.
(See
diagram).
Alternatively
an actual  
production
cut section
can be used
of similar size
and location.

    Page 23 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
Impact tests on Testing temperature ( C)
non aged
specimens (Note
2)

A, B, AH27S, AH32, Beginning

-40 -20 0 +20
AH36, AH40 and end of
D, DH27S, DH32, each coil -
longitudinal -60 -40 -20 0
DH36, DH40
E, EH27S, EH32,
-80 -60 -40 -20 0
EH36, EH40
FH27S, FH32, FH36,
FH40
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20

Bend Test Beginning Bend test specimens are to be the full thickness of
and end of the material and with a width of approximately 1,5
each coil – times the thickness. Where the capacity of the
longitudinal testing machine is insufficient to test the material in
plus full thickness, the test specimens may be reduced to
transverse if a thickness of 25 mm by machining on one side
width only. The original rolled surface is to be tested in
>600mm tension. The specimens are to be bent at room
temperature through an angle of 180°, over a
former with a diameter not exceeding three times
the thickness of the test specimen. Subsequently
the sides are to be closed until they touch, or
fracture occurs.

Notes

(1) Other tests for determination of segregation assessment may be proposed and will be
subject to acceptance by MNDE
(2) In addition to the determination of the energy value, also the lateral expansion and the
percentage crystallinity are to be reported.

5.3.5 For bars, the following tests are to be carried out on each piece submitted for approval
tests:

Type of Test Position of Remarks

the samples
and
direction of
the test
specimens
Chemical Analysis Top & bottom C, Mn, Si, P, S, Ni, Cr, Mo, Al, N, Nb, V, Cu, As, Sn,
Ti , Sb and B

Segregation Top Sulphur prints are to be taken and include the full
assessment (Note 1) cross section.

    Page 24 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
Micro examination Top and Micrographic examination: the micrographs are to
bottom be representative of the full thickness. For thick
products in general at least three examinations are
to be made at surface, one quarter and mid-
thickness of the product.
All photomicrographs are to be taken at x100 and
x400 magnification.
Results to be presented in the form of a report
which gives details of the etchants used and a
description of the microstructure shown.
Grain size Top and Ferrite grain size should be determined for each
determination bottom photomicrograph.
Tensile Test (Note 2) Top and ReH, Rm, A5(%), RA(%) are to be reported
bottom –
longitudinal
Impact tests on non Testing temperature (°C)
aged specimens
(Notes 2 and 3)

A, B, AH27S, AH32, Top and

AH36, AH40 bottom - -40 -20 0 +20
longitudinal
D, DH27S, DH32,
-60 -40 -20 0
DH36, DH40
E, EH27S, EH32,
-80 -60 -40 -20 0
EH36, EH40
FH27S, FH32, FH36,
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20
FH40
Bend Test (not Top and Bend test specimens are to be the full thickness of
required for round bottom – the material and with a width of approximately 1.5
bar) longitudinal times the thickness. Where the capacity of the
testing machine is insufficient to test the material in
full thickness, the test specimens may be reduced to
a thickness of 25 mm by machining on one side
only. The original rolled surface is to be tested in
tension.

Notes

(1) Other tests for determination of centreline cleanliness may be proposed and will be
subject to acceptance by MNDE
(2) The specimens for the tensile and impact tests are to be taken from the position shown
in Rules for Materials, Ch 3, Fig. 3.1.1(f). For bars intended for machinery, with a rolling
reduction ratio of less than 6:1, an additional tensile specimen and set of impact specimens
from the centre of the bar are to be tested.
(3) In addition to the determination of the energy value, also the lateral expansion and the
percentage crystallinity are to be reported.

    Page 25 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
6 Specific approval test results

6.1 General

6.1.1 Following Materials & NDE Department agreement to the test plan, the Works will
manufacture approval test materials. The various stages of manufacture and all
approval testing is to be witnessed by the Lloyd’s Register surveyor.

All test results will be endorsed by the surveyor.

All details listed in Section 6.2 together with the test results will be submitted to
the Materials & NDE Department for review.

6.2 Approval test submission

6.2.1 For each product submitted for approval tests the manufacturer is to provide the
following information:

(a) Summary of the manufacturing process

(b) Chemical composition specification to which the steel has been made. This is to
include internal controls on chemistry that the works applies to the grade.

(c) Weight and dimensions of semi finished product and method of casting.

(d) Results of tests undertaken in accordance with 5.2.

(e) Dimensions of products manufactured.

6.2.2 The surveyor will submit the information requested in Section 3.1.2 and 6.2 to the
Materials & NDE Department together with any additional survey reports that were
requested by Materials & NDE Department specialists.

Photographs may be used to support the submitted information.

7 Validity of approval certificate

7.1 Initial approval

7.1.1 On satisfactory review of the submitted approval test report Materials & NDE
Department will enter the manufacturer onto the List of Approved Manufacturers
and an initial approval certificate will be issued.

    Page 26 of 27 
Material and Qualification Procedures for Ships Book C
Procedure 3-1
7.1.2 The approval certificate will state the approved product type (i.e. plate, sections),
the grain refine elements, the steel grades and the maximum thickness. If specified
through-thickness properties are approved, the appropriate details will be stated.

7.1.3 The initial approval certificate will have a validity of three years.

7.2 Extension of the scope of approval

7.2.1 Manufacturers who intend to extend their scope of approval will be required to
carry out additional testing to cover the extended scope. The test plan is to be
agreed between the manufacturer and Lloyd’s Register.

7.3 Re-approval of works

7.3.1 For the validity to be renewed for a further three years the Surveyors should
undertake a periodic inspection in accordance with Procedure 1-1. To ensure
continuity, this should be carried out within six months previous to the approval
expiry date.

7.3.2 It is a Rule requirement that during material surveys the works will be subject to
regular visits to confirm continued compliance with the original approval. The
frequency of visits will depend on the frequency of material surveys. Records of
these visits will be kept by the surveyors.

7.3.3 Manufacturers that have not produced products under Lloyd’s Register survey
during the approval period must either conduct new approval tests (according to
Sections 5 and 6) or contact Lloyd’s Register to agree on any additional
requirements to continue approval.

7.3.4 Where a manufacturer physically moves the location of an approved works from
the approved location to a new site, the manufacturer will be required to follow
the initial approval process in full unless they can present a satisfactory case to the
Materials & NDE Dept that this would not be necessary.

    Page 27 of 27