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Adaptation Technolgy For Dentation PDF
Adaptation Technolgy For Dentation PDF
This study examined the adaptation accuracy of acrylic denture base processed using fluid-resin (PERform), injection-moldings (SR-
Ivocap, Success, Mak Press), and two compression-molding techniques. The adaptation accuracy was measured primarily by the
posterior border gaps at the mid-palatal area using a microscope and subsequently by weighing of the weight of the impression
material between the denture base and master cast using hand-mixed and automixed silicone. The correlation between the data
measured using these two test methods was examined. The PERform and Mak Press produced significantly smaller maximum
palatal gap dimensions than the other groups (p<0.05). Mak Press also showed a significantly smaller weight of automixed silicone
material than the other groups (p<0.05), while SR-Ivocap and Success showed similar adaptation accuracy to the compression-
molding denture. The correlationship between the magnitude of the posterior border gap and the weight of the silicone impression
materials was affected by either the material or mixing variables.
Mak Press (Toho Inc., MAK YN452P02/ Injection-molding 23 g/10 ml Air-pressing at 8 bar,
Japan)/Vertex RS YK482L01 Heat activation heat curing at
(Vertex dental, induction range for
Netherlands) 30 min
Conventional Heat- CMS YN212P02/ Compression-molding 23 g/10 ml Pack and press, heat
curing/Vertex RS YK211L06 Slow heat activation curing at 74°C for 9 h
(Vertex dental, at Hanau bath
Netherlands)
As a secondary evaluation of the adaption accuracy, However, the gap distance or volume could not be
the weight of the low viscosity silicon materials measured from the CT images due to the low
impressed on the respective master cast was measured resolution.
for all dentures. First, white silicone for fit checking Table 2 summarizes the posterior border gaps at
(Fitchecker II, GC, Tokyo, Japan) was hand-mixed the area of the mid-palatal line (Pmax) and buccal
thoroughly at equal lengths of the base and catalyst for vestibule (V), as well as the weights of the impression
20 seconds, and placed on the tissue side of the materials. One-way ANOVA revealed a significance
denture. The denture base with the impression paste difference between the groups at each of the evaluation
then seated on the master cast and positioned on a results. The Tukey’s post-hoc multiple comparisons test
constant loading apparatus (A-001, MECC, Tokyo, showed significantly smaller Pmax values for the fluid-
Japan) with a load of 49-N from the master cast. After resin group PER and an injection-molding group MAK
5 minutes, the load was removed and the excess than those of the other groups (p<0.05). Similarly the V
material beyond the denture base was trimmed from values of the PER and MAK groups were smaller than
the entire denture periphery with a scalpel. Then the the other groups. Group MAK produced a significantly
set silicone material was carefully peeled away from smaller mean weight of automixed silicone impression
the denture base and weighed immediately on an material (AS). There was no significant difference in
analytical balance (Voyager, Ohaus, NJ, USA) to a the adaptation accuracy between the compression-
level of 0.1 mg. The procedure was repeated twice for
each denture and the average weight of the impression
material is expressed as the adaptation accuracy of the
denture base.
After two days storage of the dentures in water,
the weighing procedure of the impression material was
repeated using an automixed polyvinyl siloxane light
body (Perfect-F, Handae, Korea) with an auto-mixing
gun to prevent possible error from imperfect mixing or
an inconsistent mixing ratio of the silicone material.
However, the weight of the automixed silicon impressed
was measured only once.
The adaptation accuracy for the sample groups was
examined by an analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a
Tukey’s multiple comparisons test at p<0.05 level. The
correlationship of data between the gap measurement
and weight of silicone for all thirty-six dentures was
examined using Pearson’s correlation test.
RESULTS
Figure 4 shows the CT images reformed at the mid-
sagittal line of denture bases on the respective master
cast. For all dentures, gap formation between the tissue
surface of the denture base and master cast increased
from the anterior to posterior side of plate and also Fig. 4 Computerized tomography images for each
from the alveolar ridge to the mid palatal line. denture at the mid-sagittal line.
Table 2 Mean values and standard deviations for the maximum posterior border gap (Pmax) and vestibule gap (V), and
the weight of hand-mixed silicone (FC) and auto-mixed silicone (AS) impression materials
Posterior border gap (µm) Weight of impression materials (g)
Denture group
Pmax V FC AS
PER 210 (112) a
284 (66) a
2.01 (0.09) ab
2.15 (0.17)b
IVO 427 (116) b
584 (85) b
2.00 (0.11) ab
2.35 (0.10)b
SUC 406 (145)b 527 (121)b 1.82 (0.13)a 2.19 (0.28)b
MAK 234 (53) a
375 (71) ab
1.78 (0.02) a
1.50 (0.20)a
CMS 419 (57)b 547 (189)b 2.15 (0.18)b 2.61 (0.22)c
CMF 375 (91) b
580 (198) b
2.18 (0.26) b
2.11 (0.12)b
Standard deviation in parentheses.
Mean values superscripted by the same letter at each parameter are not significantly different (p>0.05).
Dent Mater J 2010; 29(4): 411–417 415
DISCUSSION
Gap formation between the denture base and cast are
generally attributed to polymerization shrinkage of the
resin material and a tendency of cooling shrinkage
Fig. 5 Correlation between the maximum palatal border
gap (Pmax) and vestibule gap (V).
toward the central area of the denture base, as well as
to subsequent distortion caused by confinement of the
surface topography of the alveolar ridge23). Therefore,
the greatest gap will generally be observed in the
central portion of the posterior border and buccal
vestibule area, while the contact state around the ridge
crest remains stable. The CT images of individual
denture base-cast set did show this tendency of gap
formation in medial-lateral and anterior-posterior areas
(Fig. 4). These findings are also predictable with the
results reported by Consani et al.15), who compared the
posterior border gap of the denture base-cast sets
sectioned transversally at each area of the canine,
molar and posterior ends. Moreover, the magnitude of
the posterior border gap generally increased medially
along the palatal vault reaching a maximum at the
midline of the plate11-13). These results suggest that the
overall internal adaptation of the denture base can be
evaluated simply from the maximum border gap (Pmax)
at the mid line of the posterior plate23-26). The
Fig. 6 Correlation between the maximum palatal border magnitude of the vestibular gap (V) showed a somewhat
gap (Pmax) and weight of hand-mixed silicone (FC). stronger correlation with that of Pmax11,12), as shown in
this study (Table 2, Fig. 5).
Two injection-molding denture groups (IVO and
SUC) had a similar degree of Pmax and V gaps to the
compression-molding groups (CMS and CMF), and also
showed a similar weight of the impression materials.
These results are in general agreement with previous
results4,5,22,27) reporting no significant difference in
internal adaptation between the denture bases
processed using injection-molding (IM) and
compression-molding (CM) techniques. The IM denture
has known to produce a less increase in vertical
dimension of occlusion than CM denture28-30), which
caused by movement of artificial teeth during
processing. However, a minor change in the vertical
dimension is probably not related directly to adaptation
accuracy of a denture base, because their horizontal
dimension changes (anterior-posterior or medio-lateral)
are not different between the IM denture and CM
denture29,30).
Fig. 7 Correlation between the maximum palatal border However, one injection-molding denture, MAK,
gap (Pmax) and weight of auto-mixed silicone (AS). showed a better accuracy of fit than the other injection-
416 Dent Mater J 2010; 29(4): 411–417
19) Sartori EA, Schmidt CB, Mota EG, Hirakata LM, Shinkai
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS RS. Cumulative effect of disinfection procedures on
microhardness and tridimensional stability of a poly(methyl
This study was supported by Priority Research Centers
methacrylate) denture base resin. J Biomed Mater Res B
Program through the NRF of Korea funded by the 2008; 86: 360-364.
Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (No. 20) Haug SP, Duke P, Dixon SE, Menegotto LD, Zentz RR,
2009-0093829). Moore BK. A pilot clinical evaluation of a new injection
denture base system. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2001; 22:
847-852, 854, 856.
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