MATA KULIAH : MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN I

KODE MATA KULIAH / SKS : MN5003 / 3 SKS

KURIKULUM : 2012

VERSI : 0.0

EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE

PERTEMUAN 1
Pendahuluan

EDUCATION
2 FOR A BETTER LIFE
 KEMAMPUAN AKHIR YANG DIHARAPKAN

Mahasiswa mengetahui dan memahami ruang

lingkup Manajemen Keuangan yang mendasar
serta mampu untuk mengaplikasikannya dalam
situasi nyata sehari-hari

3 EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE

 MATERI POKOK
• Pengertian Manajemen Keuangan
• Tujuan Perusahaan
• Bentuk Perusahaan
• 10 Prinsip dalam Manajemen Keuangan

4 EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE

 SUMBER PUSTAKA
 Gitman, L.J., 2009, “Principles of Managerial Finance”, 12th ed.,
Prentice Hall, New York. (Chapter 1)
 Keown, A.J., Martin, J.D., Petty, J.W., and Scott, D.F., 2010, “Financial
Management”, 11st ed., Prentice Hall, New York. (Chapter 1)

EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE

5
 What is Finance?
• Finance can be defined as the science and art
of managing money.

• At the personal level, finance is concerned

with individuals’ decisions about how much of
their earnings they spend, how much they
save, and how they invest their savings.

EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE

6
 What is Finance?
• At the macro level, finance is the study of financial
institutions and financial markets and how they operate
within the financial system in both the country and global
economies.
• At the micro level, finance is the study of financial planning,
asset management, and fund raising for businesses and
financial institutions.
• Financial management can be described in brief using the
following balance sheet.
EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE
7
 What is Finance?
Macro Finance

ABC Company
Balance Sheet
As of December 31, 20xx

Assets: Liabilities & Equity:

Current Assets Current Liabilities
Working Cash Accounts payable
Working
Capital Accounts receivable Notes Payable
Capital
Inventory Total Current Liabilities
Total Current Assets Long-Term Liabilities
Fixed Assets: Total Liabilities
Gross fixed assets Equity:
Investment Less: Accumulated dep. Common Stock Financing
Decisions
Goodw ill Paid-in-capital Decisions
Other long-term assets Retained Earnings
Total Fixed Assets Total Equity
Total Assets Total Liabilities & Equity
EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE

8 8
 What is Finance?
• Manajemen keuangan berkaitan dengan
pembuatan keputusan :
– Berapa besar asset yang dibutuhkan oleh suatu
usaha
– Bagaimana sebaiknya komposisi dari masing-
masing asset tsb
– Darimana sumber pembiayaan atas investasi tsb.

EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE

 What is Finance?
• Hal-hal penting yang dilakukan manajer
keuangan :
1. Keputusan investasi :
berapa besar jumlah investasi perusahaan dan
dalam bentuk aktiva apa saja perusahaan harus
menginvestasikan dananya
2. Keputusan pembiayaan :
dari mana dana investasi akan diperoleh,
bagaimana pengembalian atas portofolio
investasi dapat dicapai setinggi mungkin dengan
tingkat risiko tertentu.
EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE
10
 Major Areas & Opportunities in Finance
• Financial Services :
Berhubungan dg pemberian naasehat & perencanaan produk-
produk keuangan bagi individu, bisnis & pemerintah.
Peluang karir dibidang perbankan & lembaga terkait,
perencanaan keuangan pribadi, investasi, real estate dan
asuransi.
• Managerial Finance :
Berhubungan dg tugas sbg manajer keuangan dlm suatu
perusahaan bisnis, spt : anggaran, perencanaan keuangan,
manajemen kas, administrasi kredit, analisa investasi dan
usaha memperoleh dana.
EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE
11
Basic Forms of Business Organization

• Sole Proprietorships

• Partnerships

• Corporations

EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE

12
Basic Forms of Business Organization

EDUCATION FOR A BETTER

13LIFE
Corporate Organization

EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE

14 14
 Perbedaan Treasurer & Controller

TREASURER CONTROLLER
 mengelola kas  Menyiapkan laporan
keuangan
 mencari kas  melakukan internal
audit
 mengelola kredit  membuat daftar
upah/gaji
 membayar dividen  melakukan pembukuan
 mengasuransikan  menyiapkan anggaran
 mengelola dana pensiun  menghitung pajak
EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE
Key Activities of the Financial Manager
Relationship to Accounting

EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE

16 16
 Goal of the Financial Manager
Maximize Shareholder Wealth!!!
• It can also be described using the following flow chart:

EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE

17 17
 Economic Value Added (EVA)
• Nilai Tambah Ekonomi (EVA) yg positif :
menandakan bhw tingkat pengembalian modal yg
dihasilkan melebihi tingkat biaya modal atau
melebihi tingkat pengembalian yg diminta investor
atas investasi yg dilakukan.
• Nilai Tambah Ekonomi (EVA) yg negatif :
menandakan bahwa nilai perusahaan berkurang sbg
akibat dr tingkat pengembalian modal yg dihasilkan
lbh rendah drpd tingkat biaya modal atau lbh rendah
dr tingkat pengembalian yg dituntut investor.

EDUCATION FOR A BETTER

19LIFE
 Goal of the Financial Manager
What About Other Stakeholders?
• Stakeholders include all groups of individuals who have a direct
economic link to the firm including:
– Employees
– Customers
– Suppliers
– Creditors
– Owners

EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE

20 20
 Other Stakeholders
• Maksimalisasi kekayaan pemegang saham adl
tujuan utama byk perusahaan dg memperluas
fokusnya utk kepentingan kelompok yg
berkepentingan termasuk para pemegang
saham.
• Hal ini dipertimbangkan sbg bagian dari
tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan dan
diharapkan dpt menghasilkan keuntungan
jangka panjang bagi pemegang saham dg
mempertahankan hubungan positif dg para
kelompok yg berkepentingan.
EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE
 Sepuluh Prinsip
Manajemen Keuangan
• 1) Risk - return trade-off
• 2) Time value of money
• 3) Cash - not profits - is king
• 4) Incremental cash flows count
• 5) The curse of competitive markets
• 6) Efficient capital markets
• 7) The agency problem
• 8) Taxes bias business decisions
• 9) All risk is not equal
• 10) Ethical dilemmas are everywhere in finance
EDUCATION FOR A BETTER
22LIFE
TERIMA KASIH

EDUCATION FOR A BETTER LIFE