A Project Synopsis

on
Abrasive Jet Machine
Submitted by
Siddharth Dixit (CSJMA16001390290)
Ujjwal Patel (CSJMA16001390296)
Utkarsh Singh (CSJMA16001390297)
Tushar Singh (CSJMA16001390297)
Nikhil Shukla (CSJMA1601390271)
Deewakar Kumar (CSJMA16001390252)

In partial fulfilment of requirement for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of Technology
in
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

CSJM UNIVERSITY, KANPUR-208024
Abstract
Abrasive jet machining (AJM) is the one of the modern machining processes in various
industries for difficult to machine materials. AJM is a non-conventional machining process
in which removal of material takes place by impact of highspeed stream of abrasive particles
carried in gas or air medium from a nozzle. The different components of AJM such as nozzle,
pressure regulator, and dust filter, mixing chamber are fabricated with appropriate design
calculations. This abrasive jet machining project is used for cutting any integrated shapes on
brittle materials like glass. We can cut any difficult shapes and create holes in glass and brittle
material using compressed air and abrasive particles. Here sand is used as abrasive material. A
compressor is used which is connected through PU pipe to control valve. Control valve controls
the air through pipes to the nozzle. There is pressure gauge which is attached to measure the
pressure through a pipe. Pressure relief valve is also a filter which is attached between a control
valve and nozzle which cleans the air and passes to the mixing chamber. The function of the
mixing chamber is to mix clean air with the sand or abrasive particle with high pressure. The
abrasive particle can be poured from the upper inlet of mixture chamber. Discharge of this
mixing chamber is connected to a nozzle. Nozzle increases the velocity of high pressurized
discharged air mixed with abrasive particle. This discharged air impacted on the glass or any
brittle material held by the vice. Thus, the required holes can be achieved.

Cost Estimation

SERIAL NO. NAME OF THE COST PER NO. OF TOIAL COST

ITEMS SINGLE ITEMS
PIECE REQUIRED
1. Reciprocating Air Rs. 10,000 1 Rs. 10,000
Compressor (1hp)
2. Nozzle Rs. 1000 1 Rs. 1000
3. Abrasive Rs. 50 3 Kg Rs. 150
4. Pressure gauge Rs. 450 1 Rs. 500
5. Mixing sealed Rs. 1000 1 Rs.1000
chamber
6. Supplying pipe Rs. 400 1 Rs. 400
7. Base structure Rs. 3000 1 Rs. 3000
8. Flow control valve Rs. 300 1 Rs. 300
9. Pressure relief Rs. 3500 1 Rs. 3500
valve/Filter
10. Bench vice Rs. 1000 1 Rs. 1000
11. Other Accessories Rs. 1500 RS.1500
Total Rs. 22,350

1
Block Diagram

Fig. Block diagram of Abrasive Jet Machine

Application
1. Abrasive jet machining process is in the machining of essentially brittle materials and heat
sensitive materials like glass, quartz.
2. It is also used in cutting slot, thin sections, countering, drilling, for producing integrate
shapes in hard and brittle materials.
3. It is often used for cleaning and polishing of plastics nylon and Teflon components.
4. Delicate cleaning, such as removal of smudges from antique documents, is also easily done
with Abrasive jet machining.

Advantages
1. Low capital cost
2. Ability to cut intricate holes shape in materials of any hardness.
3. Ability to cut heat sensitive material without damage.
4. As no heat is generated in the process, no change in microstructure.

Disadvantages
1. Material removal rate is low and hence its application is limited.
2. Embedding of the abrasive in the work piece surface may occur while machining softer
material.
3. The abrasive material may accumulate at nozzle and fail the process if moisture is present
in the air.
4. It cannot be used to drill blind holes.
5. Occasional plugging of mixing tube: Usually caused by dirt or large particles in abrasive.
6. Wear, misalignment, and damage to the nozzle.