Organisational Behaviour

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Table of Contents

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 4

Task 1: Analyse the influence of culture, politics and power on the behaviour of others in an
organisational context ..................................................................................................................... 5

P1 Analyse how an organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behaviour and performance......................................................................................................... 5

M1 Critically analyse how the culture, politics and power of an organisation can influence
individual and team behaviour and performance. ....................................................................... 7

Task 2: Evaluate how to motivate individuals and teams to achieve a goal ................................... 8

P2 Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques
enable effective achievement of goals in an organisational context. .......................................... 8

M2 Critically evaluates how to influence the behaviour of others through the effective
application of behavioural motivational theories, concepts and models. ................................. 10

D1 Critically evaluates the relationship between culture, politics, power and motivation that
enables teams and organizations to succeed in providing the justifications. ............................ 11

Task 3 Demonstrate an understanding of how to cooperate effectively with others. ................... 12

P3 Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team? ........................ 12

M3 Analyse relevant team and group development theories to support the development of
dynamic cooperation. ................................................................................................................ 14

Task 4 Apply concepts and philosophies of organizational behaviour to a given business

situation. ........................................................................................................................................ 16

P4 Apply concepts and philosophies of organizational behaviour within an organizational

context and a given business situation. ..................................................................................... 16

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 M4 Explore and evaluate how concepts and philosophies of OB inform and influence
behaviour in both positive and negative way. ........................................................................... 18

D2 Critically analyses and evaluates the relevance of team development theories in the context
of organizational behaviour concepts and philosophies that influence behaviour in the
workplace. ................................................................................................................................. 20

Conclusion .................................................................................................................................... 21

References ..................................................................................................................................... 22

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Introduction

It is important to understand the perception of the organisation and its operation in order to
survive in a competitive environment. The study focuses on the concept of organisational
behaviour which can be explained as the knowledge that studies the way of interaction of people.
The study is applied for creating more efficient business organisation. The main purpose of the
study is to examine the behaviour of the organisation by using the scientific approach which is
applied to the employees who are working in the company. In other words, this is used to
maximise the output of the organisation. A David & Co Limited company is chosen for
understanding the topic more clearly and to meet the assessment criteria. The report is divided
into four sections in which the first section explains the impact of culture, power and politics on
the different behaviour. The second one focuses on motivating individuals to meet with
organisational criteria whereas the third one explains how to behave with others. The last section
explains the philosophies and principles of organisational behaviour that affects operations of the
organisation.

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Task 1: Analyse the influence of culture, politics and power on the behaviour
of others in an organisational context

P1 Analyse how an organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual

and team behaviour and performance.

The culture, power and politics are considered as the big extent that helps in growing the
business in a competitive environment. This help in making progress of the organisation with the
stability and continuous success. The politics and power of the company are related to the
leadership and management of the organisation. Both are used as the elements that can cause the
success and downfall of the company. If it used in negative aspects or misuses the power then it
causes a lot to the organisation. The power, culture and politics of the organisation are related to
the money, people, time, resources, money and politics. The concept of power, culture and
politics can be better understood by taking the case study of David & Co Limited company.
David & Co Limited company is a medium sized company of American food Flavour Company.
The company is having 250 numbers of employees who are producing more than 40000 flavours,
natural colours and stabilizers and serve the customers worldwide. Power can be used in both the
positive and negative ways. Power can be used in the form of reward that is used is used to
increases the performance of the employee (Coccia, 2014).

The culture, power and politics of David & Co Limited company help in influencing the
performance and behaviour of employees. Power of the company is helpful in establishing the
organisational culture, social responsibilities and managerial positions. This can be used in a
negative way too such as it can affect the performance of subordinates such as putting the power
of expert. It also increases the chance of clashes with the upper authorities because of not getting
the position that an individual deserves.

On the other hand, politics is related to the managerial positions, personal structure and culture
of the organisation. Politics can be used in two manners in which one of the mangers of David &
Co Limited company can force the employees to work in a proper manner and act them in the
desired direction. Another one is playing like a game such as negotiation and working together

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with the resistance of manipulator. Politics in the organisation help in performing better decision
activities, facilitating the changes, provide more flexibility and protects individual rights.

Organisational culture plays an important role in accomplishing the goals and objective that help
in performing the controls in order to complete the task within the appropriate sequence.
Organisational culture is linked with the word control as the use of compulsion and manipulation
(Kitchin, 2017).

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M1 Critically analyse how the culture, politics and power of an organisation can
influence individual and team behaviour and performance.

David & Co Limited company is always working for establishing a good culture and structure if
the organisation as the management of the company realises that both the culture and structure
depend on each other. The type of culture and structure that is followed in the company shows
the performance of the employees rather than its standard and values. The structure, culture,
politics and powers show how the company is working, what is its behaviour and position, how
well it is performing in the market. Anyone can determine the hierarchical positions of
employees and the infrastructure positions. The performance of the employees is depending on
the structure and culture on the David & Co Limited company and help in commitment and
efficiencies. The structure and culture help in influencing the business by focusing on behaviour
that helps in managing the performance of workflow and workforce. The structure of David &
Co Limited company focuses more on freedom rather than focusing on motivating the employees
to work with comfort and also share their view and openly share and discusses the issues related
to the work with management (Hunter, 2018).

David & Co Limited company provides a facility for the employees to maintain the working
atmosphere with sharing the ideas through following the formal parameters. The company
believes that through cultivating positive environment, culture, power and politics will help in
developing positive and professional relations with the employees and customers too. It also
endorses teamwork in order to raise the proper quality of output. The culture and politics of
David & Co Limited company focus on the important behaviour that will further help in
developing the trust of the brand in between the customers and company. Further on, it helps in
protecting the position of the company in the market at this competitive and global platform.

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Task 2: Evaluate how to motivate individuals and teams to achieve a goal

P2 Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational

techniques enable effective achievement of goals in an organisational context.

Motivational theories and techniques are the most important principles that explain the way to
motivate the employees towards the desired action. Motivational theories motivate the employee
to provide a better quality of services, develop the product of a company in an effective manner
and accomplish the targets. In other words, this plays an important role in performing the
practice of the company. David & Co Limited company apply motivational theories and
principles to deliver the needs and targets of the workplace and address the needs of self-
actualisation.

[Source: AlNasseri & Aulin, 2016]

The theory used by the David & Co Limited company is explained below:

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs shows the physiological needs of
employees, safety and security, belongings and love, self-esteem and self-actualisation. These
five aspects are for most using aspect that can make the employees happy and help them to get
full satisfaction. Physiological needs are related to the food, water, shelter, whereas safety and

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security are provided in the form of financial security, personal security, and so on, belongings
and live is related with the providing as a part of the community. Esteem is related with
providing respect to the person and self-actualisation is related with individual desire to grow.
Thus, if employees feel motivated then he or she will able to work with full efforts and ability to
accomplish the target (Hashim & Wok, 2014).

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M2 Critically evaluates how to influence the behaviour of others through the
effective application of behavioural motivational theories, concepts and models.

As David & Co Limited company is applying Maslow’s motivational theory that is related with
the motivation of needs in the form of self-actualisation, safety and security, self-esteem,
physiological needs and self-actualisation. In order to apply the theory, the company needs to
involve the employees in the decision-making process and rewarding them through surprises if
they deserve. Other than that the company also needs to provide proper training to make them
self-confident and fulfil the expectations. The theory helps the David & Co Limited company to
meet with the needs of deficiency in the manner of proper wages and atmosphere by using the
full efforts of employees.

[Source: McKenna, 2010]

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D1 Critically evaluates the relationship between culture, politics, power and
motivation that enables teams and organizations to succeed in providing the
justifications.

The organization is a workplace having human resources performing for it in teams or groups, so
it is the responsibility of the organization to design and create an environment where people
could feel motivated and work toward their tasks and goals. For creating this type of
environment at a workplace, David and Co Limited Company needs to understand the
relationship between the culture, politics, power and motivation so that, the employee could
create a sense of satisfaction and could provide the company with its valuable innovative ideas
and would help in increasing the productivity of the company (Rollinson, 2018).

 By creating an organizational culture, where employees could feel safe to share their
ideas and keep their views, they could feel motivated.
 Giving periodic appraisal to their work and having schemes of payment according to their
skills and capabilities they could achieve inner confidence and will be able to work
effectively.
 Eliminating politics from the institution will help the employer in generating better
relationships with its employee and thus will help him in boosting the morale of its
employees and thus increased productivity.
 Power is something that everyone enjoys, by delegating some of the routine
responsibilities and authorities to the teams and individuals will help the David and Co
Limited Company in creating a responsible employee and thus, an effective and efficient
organization (Wood, et. al., 2014).

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Task 3 Demonstrate an understanding of how to cooperate effectively with
others.

P3 Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team?

The team completely stands for together we achieve more. A team is considered is as a team
when every individual work together to achieve team goals or organizational standards. Team’s
effectiveness depends on its leader and fellow members both.

[Source: Robbins, 2011]

The team leader should give importance to its each and every follower and the fellow-member
should value the thoughts and commands of their leader. The effective team focuses on attaining
their goals effectively and efficiently and most importantly altogether, where every member
coordinates with each other for the same whereas n an ineffective team, few members are
interested in the tasks and their roles and the responsibilities and others are just part of it and act
as inactive members of the team. On the basis of the following components, an effective team is
different from an ineffective team:

Leadership: Leader of the effective team does not dominate its followers nor does him misuses
his/her powers and also followers also accept his decisions and work with him for the
accomplishment. On the other hand Leader of an ineffective team dominates his followers and
his followers to do not give him much of importance (Wood, et. al., 2014).

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Communication: There is a mutual consent between the members of the effective team and
there are a proper understanding and communication between the followers and the leader.
Whereas there lies a communication gap between the members of the team and there isn't any
mutual consent between the members that is why there is always disagreement and
misconception.

Division of work: In an effective team, work is divided according to the capabilities and skills.
Whereas In an ineffective team, work isn’t divided properly, only a few members take active
participation in the task and the activities. This is how; an effective team differs from an
ineffective team (Bloisi, et. al., 2017).

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M3 Analyse relevant team and group development theories to support the
development of dynamic cooperation.

For completing small projects or bigger and complicated tasks, the organization uses the team as
part to accomplishing them; they are an aid in the success rate. But only using the traditional
team and methods won’t help David and Co limited company in surviving the competition in a
market that is why they adopt programs like team development program, which gain by using
some or other theories and phases and achieve their developmental criteria.

[Source: Ferlie, et. al., 2010]

Following are team dynamics that are used commonly for the purpose of team development:

Forming: As the name suggests, in these individuals having similar skills and interests are put
together for accomplishing same group goals, as people having the same sense of thinking would
be more efficient in completing tasks.

Storming: Storming is developing from the word storm that help in suggests fights and conflicts
between the team members that arises due to a contradiction in the thoughts and views. In this
stage, all the fights are solved and the harmony is created between the members.

Forming: In this team due to their positions and roles and responsibilities agree to each other
thinking's and work together in order.

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Performing: Here, individually work or perform together towards the tasks and try to make it
successful.

Transforming: Team members working together, understand each other’s performing skills and
their roles and responsibilities and work together for the success of Davis and co limited
company (Miner, 2015).

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Task 4 Apply concepts and philosophies of organizational behaviour to a
given business situation.

P4 Apply concepts and philosophies of organizational behaviour within an

organizational context and a given business situation.

Organizational behaviour is a study which deals with the observations of different individuals
behaviour working under the same in an organization. It gives an idea about employee
satisfaction and employee performance in a workplace. Nowadays, the organization is read as a
whole so that the problems related to not only production but also, employee, external and
internal environment could be gained so that an institution could gain success overall.

[Source: Armstrong & Taylor, 2014]

Organizational behaviour focuses on the following things which are helpful in one way or other
for everyone:-

Employee motivation: Reading any employee of David and Co Limited Company would give
knowledge about the employee and help in knowing which type of motivation that employee and
then only, he could work more effectively.

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Innovation: Organizational behaviour will help David and Co Limited company in creating new
innovation and new approaches to their products and services as it would give knowledge about
the opportunity and challenges prevailing in the internal environment and help the company in
establishing more keen services.

Productivity: It will boost the productivity of both the organization and the employees as it
could provide the satisfaction and motivation to both the employees and the employer (Stemple,
et. al., 2014).

As David and Co is a small scale company, it needs to create a better footing in the competitive
world so that it could be able to expand its business and provide satisfaction to its employee and
customer. Organizational behaviour will help the company in knowing its customers and
employees too and will help in boosting the confidence of both the employee and the employer
so that, they could increase the blissfulness too.

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M4 Explore and evaluate how concepts and philosophies of OB inform and
influence behaviour in both positive and negative way.

Organizational behaviour is made up of two terms namely, organization and behaviour, where
the organization is a place or an institution where individuals or group of individuals work
together to achieve goals and behaviour is the study of nature and the emotion of the people
working in an unknown environment. When the branch of organizational behaviour is used
efficiently and effectively, it gives constant results and helps in the survival. But everything
comes with positive and negative sides, so does organizational behaviour have:

Advantages:

It helps in building motivation and morale of the employees. It helps in understanding the
employee that how they work, how they respond to the situations of the organization, how they
interact with each other, gives an idea to the employer, so that he could know the lacking points
of the employees and motivate them in getting things done through them (Freedy & Hobfoll,
2017).

It helps in improving relationships in the organization between the employee and employer, as it
creates knowledge about the motions and the values of the employee and helps the employer in
building a high behaviour with the employee so that they could work motivation.

Togetherness, when the employee and the employer work with each other, they focus on
achieving group goals more effectively and efficiently and thus help in building the success and
the growth of the company, David and Co Limited Company.

Disadvantages:

As organizational behaviour is all about observing and creating a sense of belonging, it creates a
doubt on the mind of the employee as much amount of motivation and belonging brings more
work and activities. It involves lots of manipulation practices as, forgetting our things done
through others, one needs to take the support of manipulation and lies (Coccia, 2014).

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It creates a responsibility and indiscipline on the side of employee and makes them dependent on
the employer for the motivation and help, thus, delaying the work and goals.

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D2 Critically analyses and evaluates the relevance of team development theories in
the context of organizational behaviour concepts and philosophies that influence
behaviour in the workplace.

Team and groups of individuals together make up the organization which is the first most
important part of organizational behaviour as it is itself made up of organization and behaviour.
If the theories will be applied for the development of a team, then it will play a role in
developing the whole organization as a whole. The team is a small part of the organization
behaviour as an organization is the place and team is the people or the human resource where
both are working for each other’s benefits. In our company, David and Co Limited Company, for
the development of our team, we have used five developmental phases for the same, so that,
firstly, an effective team could be formed and then, in the same manner, effective goals could be
achieved (Kitchin, 2017).

Team development theories lay a positive impact on the organization behaviour, as the
development of its employee would be achieved and motivated employees will perform more
actively and more effectively. Thus, we can say, team development is necessary for the
development of the organization as a whole and will help David and Co limited Company in
creating a productive and optimum workplace.

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Conclusion

The above study focuses on the areas in which individual and group structure influence the
behaviour of the organizations. This is having a great impact on bringing the improvement
within the business process. The behaviour of the organization is changed according to the
organization to organization. Thus, the project has been focussing on the project that focuses on
the human interaction in the David & Co Limited company. The report has been discussed about
the in-depth understanding of the behaviour of the organisation and its impact on the business.
The relationship between the culture and organisational structure is improved with the mean of
the relevance of productiveness of David & Co Limited company. Other than that a brief analysis
of the different leadership styles and how it influences the behaviour of employee’s performance
is discussed in the report. With that, the impact of modern technology that helps in building up
the effective team functioning also has been discussed in the report.

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References

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 Robbins, S.P., 2011. Organisational behaviour: global and Southern African
perspectives. Pearson South Africa.

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 Rollinson, D., 2018. Organisational behaviour and analysis: An integrated approach.
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 Stemple, J.C., Roy, N. and Klaben, B.K., 2014. Clinical voice pathology: Theory and
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