VIRTUAL NETWORKS

Surbhi Singhal#1, Vandana Singh#2

Deptt. Of Computer Science,
Indraprastha College for Women,
New Delhi, India
1ss989435@gmail.com
2fidatovandana@gmail.com

Dr. Shikha (Mentor)

Indraprastha College for Women
New Delhi, India
shikha_8june@rediffmail.com

ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
Virtual Network is computer networks
In today’s scenario, there is a growing
which consist of links of network
Usage of computer networks in all
maintained virtually .It is implemented
organizations whether it is corporate world
using virtualization of networks. Next virtual
or our daily lives. Basically, Virtual Network
private network uses Internet that is the
Computer is the network consisting of
transmission is done through a public
Virtual Network links. Such Virtual Network
mode.
link is implemented using method of
network virtualization. Network
This paper discusses how VN (Virtual
Virtualization is the process of combining
Network) can be advantageous for
hardware and software network
computer communication. It shows our
Resources and network functionality into a
detailed study of IPV6 i.e., 6Bone along
single, software- based administrative
with its implementations by providing VPN
entity, a virtual network. These networks
services, protocols, headers, lifetime
aim to provide users access to a single
address and contribution.
resource from any platform or device it be.
In such systems, machines supply users
Keywords not just with data but also with application
that can be easily accessed over Internet.
Virtual network; virtual private network;
Virtualization; Fragmentation The two most common forms of network
virtualization are virtual networks based on
protocol such as VLANs, VPNs, VPLSs
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and virtual networks that are based on
virtual devices such as the networks
connecting virtual machines inside a
hypervisor. The "virtual networks" allow
user to test networking capabilities of
operating systems and applications
software, without actually having to
purchase. Even, there exists virtual
machine program that helps to create
virtual network like “VMware Player”, or
“Oracle VM VirtualBox”.

The central focus of this paper is to study

in depth on how organizations can benefit
by using VN (Virtual Network) services and
protocol to securing their computer network
systems. This issue is discussed in a bit
more extent by even procuring over the
fact how virtual private networks can be
advantageous and also lifetime contribution
of various VPNs. We tried to do a detailed
study over the fact that among different
VPNs like 6-Bone-IPV6 which network is
more beneficial by drawing a proper outline
between different networks. There are
many advantages by implementing secure
connections through these networks to
suppliers, customers, partners, and branch
offices, organizations which can build
customer loyalty, improve supplier
customer relationship.
2. VPN TECHNOLOGIES
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a
network that uses public means of
transmission (Internet) as its WAN link.A
VPN is an effective means of exchanging
information for employees working in
organizations or any other place they be.
This information is securely exchanged
between vendors, suppliers, stakeholders.
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It is created by connecting offices & single
users (including mobile users) to the
nearest service provider’s POP (Point of
Presence) & using that service provider’s
backbone network, or the Internet, as the
tunnel between offices. Traffic that flows
through the backbone is encrypted to
prevent intruders from spying or
intercepting the data.
A private network supports a closed
community of authorized users, allowing
them to access various network related
services and resources. The traffic
originating and terminating within a private
network traverses only those nodes that
belong to the private network. Further,
there is traffic isolation. That is, the traffic
corresponding to this private network does
not affect nor is it affected by other traffic
extraneous to the private network.
A final feature of a VPN is that it virtual.
A virtual topology is built on an existing,
shared physical network infrastructure.
However, different administrative bodies
usually administrate the virtual topology
and the physical network.
3. VPN PROTOCOLS
Three main Protocols that power the vast
majority of VPN’s: PPTP, L2TP, IPSec. A
VPN can be created by connecting offices
and single users (including mobile users)
to the nearest service providers POP
(Point of Presence) and using that service
provider’s backbone network, or even the
Internet, as the tunnel between offices.
Traffic that flows through the backbone is
encrypted to prevent intruders from spying
or intercepting the data These protocols
emphasize encryption & authentication;
preserving data integrity that may be
sensitive and allowing clients/servers to
establish an identity on the network..It is
the encapsulation of a message packet
within an IP packet for transmission across
the Internet with the encapsulated packet
is stripped from the IP packet at the
receiving network to get the original
message packet.
increases cost exponentially, which is why
VPN’s offer even greater cost savings
when scalability is an issue. An Integrated
VPN platform offers a number of important
benefits:
Reliability: Early VPN implementations
were assembled from many separate
internetworking devices, including routers,
bandwidth managers, gateways and
firewalls.
Scalability: Close integration of security,
routing, and QoS functions allows the
network to scale to larger sizes than would
be possible if separate components were
required.
Cost Savings: Combining multiple devices
onto a single platform also reduces the
total hardware and software cost.

4. ADVANTAGES OF VPN

The two major advantages of VPN are

cost savings and scalability. VPN’s lower
5. DISADVANTAGES OF VPN
costs by eliminating the need for expensive
long-distance leased lines. A local leased
VPNs can be really disadvantageous
line or even a broadband connection is all
because the connection travels over public
that’s needed to connect to the Internet
lines, a strong understanding of network
and utilize the public network to securely
security issues and proper precautions
tunnel a private connection. As the
before VPN deployment are necessary.
number of company branches grows,
VPN connection stability is mainly in
purchasing additional leased-lines
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control of the Internet stability, factors 6.2. FEATURES
outside an organizations control. Differing
VPN technologies may not work together One of the most prominent features of
due to immature standards. VPN need to IPV6 are:
accommodate protocols other than IP and  Larger Address Space
existing (legacy) internal network  Aggregation-based address
technology hierarchy Efficient backbone routing
 Efficient and Extensible IP datagram
6. 6- BONE  Stateless Address Auto
configuration
The 6-Bone is an IPV6 testbed that is the  Security (IPSec mandatory)
outgrowth of the IETF IPng project that  Mobility
created the IPv6 protocols intended to
eventually replace the current Internet
Network layer protocol known as IPV4.
The 6-bone started as a virtual network 6.3. 128 BIT IPv6 ADDRESS
(using IPv6 over IPv4
tunnelling/encapsulation) operating over
the IPv4-based Internet to support IPv6
transport, and is slowly migrating to native
links for IPv6 transport.

6.1. LIFETIME CONTRIBUTION

6 Bone has played an immense important

role in previous years whether it be any
field like:
 a place for early standard
developers and implementers to test
out the IPv6 protocols and their
implementations
 a place for early experimentation
with routing and operational
procedures
 a place to evolve practices useful
for production IPv6 prefix allocation
 a place to provide bootstrap
qualification for production IPv6
address prefix allocation
 a place to develop IPv6 applications
 a place for early users to try using
IPv6 in their hosts and networks.
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6.4. HEADER COMPARISION options that require hop-by-hop
processing
 Destination Options – Optional
information to be examined by the
destination node

7. CONCLUSION

IPv6 is NEW …
– built on the experiences learned
from IPv4
– new features
– large address space
– new efficient header
– auto configuration
… and OLD
– still IP
– build on a solid base
– started in 1995, a lot of
6.5. MAJOR IMPROVEMENTS IN
implementations and tests done
IPv6 HEADER

 No option field: Replaced by REFERENCES

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