1. Intracellular enzymes www.sureshkumarbio.wordpress.

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-formed and used within the cell
Example Proteins which act as biological
DEFINITION
-the enzyme inside the erythrocyte: catalyst that speed up
Carbonic anhydrase TYPES biochemical reactions in the
CO2 + H2O H2CO3 cell.

2. Extracellular enzymes
-produced in the cell and used outside the cell 1. Temperature
Example ENZYME FACTORS -low temperature: enzymes not
-the enzyme that digest starch in the mouth: THAT AFFECT active
Salivary amylase -high temperature, above 40 ͦC,
Starch maltose enzymes not active as bonds
startto break
1. made of protein
USES -above 60 ͦC, enzyme molecule
GENERAL bonds break completely.
2. produced in living cells
CHARACTERISTICS Enzymes denature.
3. only required in small quantities
4. not changed at the end of reaction
1. Protease 5. Trypsin 2. pH
5. not damaged at the end of reaction
-tenderisation of meat in meat -pre digests baby food -enzymes are sensitive to the
6. specific: usually one enzyme for one
Industries changes in pH values
substrate
2. Lipase 6. Pectinase -different enzymes have
7. substrate: the molecule that enzyme
-removal of organic stains in -clarifies fruit juices different
reacts with
biological detergents optimum pH values.
8.can react in two direction
3. Ligninase 7. Amylase Example:
Example:
-removal of lignin from pulp in -converts starch into Amylase………..nearly neutral
amylase
paper industries glucose and various Pepsin and Rennin…….acidic
Starch maltose
syrups Trypsin……….alkaline
9. name usually ends with ‘ase’ 4. Rennin 8. Cellulase
-coagulant in cheese production -used to break cell wall 3. Enzyme concentration
Example: sucrose, maltase, lipase
in dairy industries of the sea weeds to -if enzyme concentration is more
But some do not, example rennin,
extract agar than substrate concentration:
pepsin, trypsin
Rate of reaction increases

5. .Substrate concentration
Known as Lock and Key Hypothesis -if substrate concentration is
Enzyme Substrate Enzyme –substrate complex Enzyme Products more than enzyme
ACTION concentration: Rate of reaction
MECHANISM decreases