STRESS

STRESS : Noun (ˈstres )

: a physical, chemical, or emotional factor
that causes bodily or mental tension and may
be a factor in disease causation

: pressure, tension, hardship

Dr. Hans Selye
1907-1982
An endocrinologist
who made the
first scientific study on
stress.

“Father of Stress
Research”
Dr. Hans Selye
1907-1982

According to him,
when we are face with
a stressful situation,
our body reacts in an
attempt to adjust to it.
Dr. Hans Selye
1907-1982

He developed a model
to explain this bodily
response called the
General Adaptation
Syndrome (GAS).
 Selye’s General Adaptation
Syndrome
1. The Alarm Phase
You recognize the stressor. It could be a
problem, a difficulty, or threat stirring reactions
in your body. The nervous system is activated.
Your hormones act up, producing a surge of
energy intended to allow you to handle the
stressful situation.
 Selye’s General Adaptation
Syndrome
2. The Resistance Phase
Being able to handle stress or adapt to the
situation, you are able to restore a sense of
balance once again. Your defenses may still be
up, though. Your body is still in a state of arousal
to resist any effects of stress in you.
 Selye’s General Adaptation
Syndrome
3. The Exhaustion Phase
If the stressful situation persists and you
are no longer able to neither adjust nor hold up,
exhaustion sets in that can seriously affect your
body. Burnout, fatigue, dysfunction, or health
problems can occur.
Dr. Hans Selye
1907-1982

“Stress is not what

happens to you, but
how you react to it.”
Eustress
• Stress at a minimum level is healthy.

• It can enhance the body’s ability to be

alert, to focus, or to prepare the body to
perform well under pressure.
Distress
• If stress remains consistent, tension builds
up with the adrenaline of taking over for a
sustained period of time.

• This can result in distress wherein we feel

the negative effects.
STRESS AND YOUR WAY OF THINKING

Another way of understanding

stress is by taking it as a two-way
process involving the environment
(stressor) and the person’s way of
looking at the situation (appraisal).
Richard Lazarus
1922-2002

A psychologist who
considered stress as a
perceived threat, harm, or
challenge believed to affect
the individual and carries
future implications.
Richard Lazarus
1922-2002

Stress essentially depends on

how the person sees the
situation and his/her ability
to deal with it.
Richard Lazarus
1922-2002

He developed the theory

of cognitive appraisal
which explains how an
individual responds to
stress.
Theory of Cognitive Appraisal
1. Primary Appraisal
At the onset of a stressful event, you think about
its meaning or importance. In short, you consider its
personal meaning. “What does it mean to me?” “How
will it affect me or my goals?” “Is the situation
important for me to deal with?” “Is it good or is it
going to put me at risk?” Is it stressful?”
Theory of Cognitive Appraisal
2. Secondary Appraisal
This involves how you cope with the
stressful situation. Can you handle it? How
do you feel about the situation? What can
you do about it?
 COMMON
STRESSORS
 Work/studies

Academic requirements, tests, projects,

deadlines, overtime.
 money

Tuition fees, “baon,” everyday expenses, bills

 relationships

conflicts, arguments, frustrations with family,

friends, and significant others, peer pressure
 time

lack of time
 environment

pollution, problem with transportation, traffic,

flooding
 Adapting to change

adjustment with new things, changes

 Unexpected events

accidents, natural disasters like earthquake,

tsunami
 SPECIFIC
STRATEGIES TO
HANDLE STRESS
1. Take care of yourself

 Eat healthy
 Do not skip breakfast
 Take vitamins and supplements
 Take “comfort food” in moderation
 Avoid stressful eating habits that
strain your stomach, which in turn,
affects your digestion
2. Physical Activities

Do some physical activities, like simple

exercises.

Aside from doing the usual exercise, try

something else like Tai Chi. It is an old form
of movement that is very beneficial to health
and well-being.
3. Relaxation Exercises

a. Diaphragmatic Breathing or Abdominal

Breathing

b. Finding You Inner Smile

c. Laughter Therapy

d. Develop Time Management Plan

4. Identifying Support Groups

a. Make connection
b. Find a group you can trust and make you
feel safe
c. Know the people you can talk to– members
in the family, a counselor, or a mentor
d. Be open to receive help
 PERFORMANCE TASK
MAKE A 10 TO 15-MINUTE VLOG ABOUT
“STRESS”. DO A SOCIAL EXPERIMENT TO 3
PERSONS/GROUP OF PEOPLE THAT WILL
MAKE THEM STRESSED. AFTERWARDS,
INTERVIEW THEM ABOUT WHAT THEY
FEEL AND SUGGEST ON HOW TO
OVERCOME STRESS.
NOTE: BE CAREFUL. GOOD LUCK!
1. One will UPLOAD your video on facebook (publicly)
on SUNDAY (May 5) from 8am to 6pm tagging all the
group members and the teacher.

2. All members should add it on their timeline and tag

5 of their friends on the comment section.

3. Make a short yet powerful caption that describes

your video objectives.

3. Use the hashtags #PDVN11S #PersonalDevelopment

#Stress #Section

(Note: There’s no required number of likes.)