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Burrell Scarlett
EVERGROW HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS
Irrigation Water Quality
Management
Fertilizers, Pesticides & Drip Irrigation
Performance
The efficacy of fertilizers and pesticides are significantly
affected by the quality of the water used to apply these
chemicals. Bad Water Quality, as it relates to Acidity and
Alkalinity can determine how long pesticides remain effective
in solution or whether plant roots will absorb nutrients.
Further, low quality water will quickly block drip irrigation
emitters.
PESTICIDE USE
Pesticides are normally formulated as weak acids or neutral to
weakly-alkaline products. As a general rule, herbicides,
insecticides, and fungicides perform best in slightly acidic
water, pH 4–6.5. When water pH falls outside of the preferred
upper or lower boundaries, product performance can be
compromised. In some cases, the pesticide can fall out of
solution. The pH of the solution can also influence how long a
pesticide molecule remains effective or be
degraded/hydrolyzed.
Product Half-Life
pH 9 pH 7 pH 5
Herbicides 10 minutes 17 hours 16 days
N 30-50 95
P 20 45
K 50 80
Acid soils
8 Fe and Al phosphates
FePO4l2H2O, AlPO4l2H2O
Alkaline soils
4 Ca and Mg phosphates
Nomenclature
H3PO4 = phosphoric acid
H2PO4- = monobasic
HPO4-2 = dibasic
PO4-3 = tribasic
Inorganic P Compounds
decreasing solubility
6 Ca(H2PO4)2
monocalcium phosphate
CaHPO4
dicalcium phosphate
pH
Ca3(PO4)2
tricalcium phosphate
3Ca3(PO4)2lCa(OH)2
8 hydroxyapatite
3Ca3(PO4)2lCaCO3
carbonate apatite
Phosphate Reactions at High pH Values
* P converts to less soluble
Ca and Mg compounds
Ca(H2PO4)2 + CaCO3 + H2O 2 CaHPO42H2O + CO2
very less
soluble soluble