Areal Diffusion and Genetic Inheritance Problems in Comparative Linguistics edited by ALEXANDRA Y. AIKHENVALD and RM.W. DIXON OXFORD= Contents a an eo 5 Pancinte eum 4 lings a ae dfaon 5 Orrview ofthe vlume 6 Prapest Refer . 2 Aczupotncr avo ms Histomcas Dears o PuNcraaION I Lixcuce Baer Ono ee Blond 1 Inodacton 2 Thectehccopa record of ly agrcltare—ome hy points 5 Abologeat ommaent 4 Condasone efwencer aes of aration and el henge 4 aed sbgroup and salaguise eat 3 Conca: ‘Apendi—The Pampanga en ‘Semana ts of ngnages cing ey lowe genetic subgroup) Refeens Bese 2 eeece.. . Seau3s Ret Es2 The Arswaeamly 3 Aro ingaapes noth of the Arson: gama nd les comparzone 4 Cae stes in restuctaring north ofthe Amazon 5 Bal emacs, Ieee 4 Tahoe contact nd Tustin cont: the ee 4, Conconspaters of bonowing and borrowing of patterns Selene 9 Tue Rout oF Mickon a Lassa Contr 2 The mlgnatioe and the effets 3 Mery 4 Gonciston a Pr BEREK G BSE ESS g Eds 88 § see e EeEEE Comers aust: Parone oF Senate NS Bail 2 ltodcory dscuson the MaalndSoet-Bat Aan aca » Coe nudy: porfenctnaiyof sca ain Sou: Ea | 2 Gane vss Conic Raurionst Prose atusstsre |mSoommBr At taNotins " ily Coppa 2 The comparative mahod and sconstucon of Sine 2 Typlogeal ete of ie 4, Langues contact sation, bybridation ad commegence 4+ Soar gmat pathways Se weal atic tnd langage univers Concion 5 etree 99 Ano Dison vans Giemic honce: AX Amica 4 Some snoversa sme further gucsions Aopendis—The saan o lo Surin scoding Greer 6) erent ay $8 S884 G Ses eee eye 8 R888 y Beye2 ‘Bomowing 2 Se of adopt irrchie and conte 4 Impediments othe deropment of ontrins on borroving 5 Wat hnguage untae borrowed? A summary & Conchione . Refrenee Andexof etn: Indeofaguge nd angsogfres ‘Sabet ndes 8 88a gebegee b eseey Preface This volun includes eed vsoa ffouten of he teen presettion at the ltratonl Wokstop on The connatio hemees ata tag ae ng: ompaisen—Nosteatie, Amerind and) ers faking pat inthe Week for "evs them acodig toro liber rere and fren ie "Wethanllef the sao ley Chappel tanks Profesor S.A. Warm Sr permisin to rept in ‘Chapters a myp fom hs Lage Ar of Cn,7 Areal Diffusion, Genetic Inheritance, and Problems of Subgrouping: A North Arawak Case Study + Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald ” eal hee range Cnn aan Obit ‘Ba cn Mec alee Rewer) ee ae Bren ir nace meta a Dm Shon al a oie cee loreAlera Athevald ANerth Anak Cae Sty 1 sation and subgrouping of Arak angie aesame a O18) The Prto-Arvak morphologial spi-xptiviy mavad | ‘vs rons eeneing afr involve he long A= S,~coserefeencing pei (© suansomnscuan roms mE NOUN HOUSE. Mo ae nguges ‘Sow eplr skein betwee Inngunge to another in semantic and fn ape toe decayed on theleel of ndvioa eng.2h Alzado Atel ‘Yuet Tana and Bena noe ofthe Azazon 3 Arawak languages north ofthe Amazon: gramszatical andAlen Y Athol ANer Are Ce Sty 77 tr fin athe ps. Th vides in favour of ifsion ses ps “asa on 6 etn ngs) 4 ee e ‘tscurete genet aoe smog ngage ‘orc sires between Regr-Bore Wot on Us oo ad tdnpg | Heed or pendent | Exptheoreeconthe | Gina mort. ea ne ng ime ae Fem | epee ecg | sndcaene sea a) ee oon) AN Arak Cat Sty 179A North rat Cs Stay ‘ak. Proper cae by ngs ofthe on apes Sgt es Sa eee ~™ itch acon re re = oo one eee - Smt mo ma = 5 i So temAlanon ¥ Aiba 42, mastnUCTURING Win CAL sORBONENG: ESEARO ei igh endangered lingua spoken by usta fee poplin te far nort-strn corner of Pera in Post nga and la Nevo tee "il Berowiags om Bors re cso $4.2, andthe borowed ga sma $422 Rasa shares high pesntag of eco wih Tae an with nina ee 64. 421. Lexi borowingein Resear q [Rasa shows a large number of loan fom Bor, Ale comparion of 20 ‘cre vcabule its and of 8 somone ter bene Resp so Borsond ‘so shows tht sbout 33 ane Mo. Gaxpapbil bten ornate and Tonga eas hice28 Alena ¥ Aird (9 See hp et inne Wop Pet “pe ‘rample of no-cte ons nde (@) aroma ratsonmer eg 6 Regu ath id ors Wr 7, PB Mine" na hs ete non of ns iso Br Regu ad te ‘other wy ound This cones bythe ext of Pet Boe nae ‘ometinesProt-Bore Wit erm fe Archman 9). 422, Borrowed grananarin Rego Reso phonology his bees induce by Bas the lowing ways Taira. “one was bortowed ow ora PAT pe teens Sound sana and Bava), end gato! was Boxtowed oan Bors ANowh Arse Cas Sady 1 (0) Reiguo bas to phonologil tones (high abd low), at Hee Bors (ost er Arava lng do nt have tone) ape and expres with bored sorpbenes Gee A Deon ad act eling of Rese and Bors wich ite th cling ofeegries( 3). ‘A. BORROWED NORPIDMES: NOMINAL MORPOLOGY ;AND_FROKOONS Hotrod bound morpheme ndude one pronoun, ane ater ces Say niece, The eed poor ad coe Preis in Resao (where they are mo wel to mask AS, nd poses ‘tinatnay posse nouns) are compre to Borsa at 8 am Alin ars nr, This pe 3; borrowed morphs ae in bo pe). Bong emi fm qe aad (ap tte oe whee see Campbel 97. BR venae ono in Regan atta16 Alenia Yio nlite mos other Arak leaguges bat ie the BoscWiot group, (9) Rogar Poe Tore Muna (Asan ue, Noth Arm Case Study 87 (0) Reign 1 aie for thc sie, Bora der fo ick ie objec! CThesen 996 1) (©) caasaes wee Contuseox To BOUND AN TO FEE MORES tes ocr with ummy rot (om Bost (Tieen 96 13) omehing mention before eeother Arak ngs ‘The following oblique cse ranks in Rss Ive cognates ith Taine dior with Bais fire esis190 Alon Athena ag ith St and Regu nha and within {ama dias, ro geet sity or an nteracan of oth inal remarks “The veces oorean Ars guages spaken noth fe Amano elt slot impose to go beyond very lowe subgroupings sich as Taran ies fre bre ngs; making neato impomibe os ects Toabtingush gee inertance om ze inn Amami (Dah 97). Referenes oot. ipa rel nT oe rl of igiA North rah Cae Sly 998 Linguistic Diffusion in Present-Day