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PHYSICS EXPERIMENT REPORT (IV)

Basic Physics

“Oscillation Mathematics”

Arranged by:

Name : Jeremi Kantohe

NIM : 19101102018

Department : Biology

Group : V (Lima)

Dosen / Ass. Dosen

PHYSICS LABORATORY
FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCE
SAM RATULANGI UNIVERSITY
MANADO
2019
A. Aim
a. To find the gravitation acceleration at sam ratulangi university
b. To find the relation between harmonic vibration and gravitation acceleration
c. To find the maksimum velocity of oscillation
d. Students can apply and interpret to the graphic

B. Equipment Required
- Ruller
- Rope
- Pendulum
- Stative
- Digital Counter or Stopwatch
C .Introduction
A mathematical swing is a mass particle that depends on a fixed poinr on a rope,where
the mass off the strap can be ignored and the rope cannot grow in length. From the image,there
is a load of mass m depending on the fine wire the L and the masse can be ignored. When the
pendulum moves vertically by forming the angle of θ,,the penal style of the restore is M G sinθ.
Mathematically it can be written
F= m.g sinθ

(sutrisno,1997).

Mathematical penchant or mathematical swings at least explain how a point of objects is hung
on a fixed pitch with a rope. If the swing deviates by an angle against the vertical line then the
style returns:

F= -m.g.sinθ

For θ in radial is small θ then sin= θ= θ=s/1,where s= ball and 1= length of rope,so:

F = -m.g.s/1

Diferential equation of vibration aligned with the periode is:

T=2

G=9,8
Where:

L = strap Length (meters)

G = gravity acceleration

T = simple penal period

This oscillation motion takes place under the influence of the earth's gravitational force. If
the swing deviation is not too large, the oscillation is a simple harmonic motion. This simple
harmonic motion occurs because there is a force (gravity) that occurs in objects whose direction
is always directed towards the center of the equilibrium point. The magnitude of the inverting
force is expressed in Hooke's Law as F = - kx where k is the constant.

(Tim Penyusun,2019)

Gravity is the style of attraction that occurs between all particles of mass in the universe.
Modern physics describe gravity using Einstein's general relativity theory, but Newton's simpler
universal gravity law is quite accurate in most cases. For example, earth with enormous masses
produces a huge force of gravity to attract objects around it, including living creatures, and
objects on Earth. This gravitational force also draws objects that exist in outer space, such as the
Moon, meteors, and other spaceships, including man-made satellites. Period (T), a simple
harmonious moving object on a simple swing has the period or time it takes for an object to
perform a complete vibration. The object performs a complete vibration when the object starts
moving from the point where it is released and returns to that point.
(Muthi, 2013)
The acceleration of earth gravity is the acceleration experienced by the object because of
its own weight. Object weight is the Earth's blistering style. This style is called gravitational
force, which is attractive between two or more times. According to Newton's Law on gravity,
between the two objects of mass m and M, the distance between the mass center R There is an
interesting drag style that is large:
G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm-2 kg-2 (common gravity constants)
Using Newton's Law II, and assuming the earth as a berbred ball, will be gained the
acceleration of gravity on the surface of the Earth (GO) is:
With M: Earth masses.While the acceleration of gravity at height H of the Earth's surface
is are: 2 = (R + h)-2
(yahya,2005)
D.Procedure

 l

1
0 mgcos
mg sin 
mg

1.Arrange the experiment tool like the picture (6.1)


2.Set the length of the rope to the base of the ball is 120 cm,110 cm, ..., ..., or according to
the instructions of the lecturer / assistant.
3.Turn the swing so that it forms an angle of approximately 5° to 10°, then release.
4.Measure the time for 15 swings for each length of rope
5.Do 3 repetitions for each length of the rope
E.Result

(Dilampirkan)
F.Analysis

Ayunan matematis merupakan suatu titik benda yang digantungkan pada suatu titik
tetap dengan tali.
Pada praktikum ini bertujuan untuk menentukan percepatan gravitasi,memahami hubungan
antara getaran harmonic dengan percepatan gravitasi,menentukan kecepatan maksimum
ayunan,dan praktikan mampu untuk menerapkan dan menginterprestasikan data ke dalam
grafik yang akan dibuat.
Pada praktikum ini bertujuan untuk menentukan gaya gravitasi bumi ditempat
dilakukannya praktikum ,memahami hubungan antara getaran harmonik dengan percepatan
gravitasi ,menetukan kecepatan maksimum ayunan , dan mahasiswa dapat menerapkan dan
menginterprestasikan ke dalam grafik. Pada praktikum ini juga terdapat pengetahuan tentang
cara mengetahui fungsi dan bagaiaman cara melalukan praktikum tersebut dalam percobaan
ayunan matematis yang dimulai dari menggunakan alat-alat praktikum dan mengetahui fungsi-
fungsi dari alat-alat tersebut .Alat-alat yang perlu di siapkan pada praktikum ini adalah Mistar
Berskala, Tali, Bola/Bandul, Statif dan Digital Counter atau Stopwatch. Langkah-langkah awal
dalam melakukan praktikan ini dengan mengukur panjang tali yang akan digunakan,
mengayunkan bandul, dan menyimpangkan tali dengan menggunakan busur sheingga tali
tersebut bisa membentuk 10°, dan menggunakan stopwatch untuk menghitung berapa detik
kah 15x di ayunkan bandul tersebut. Untuk percobaan ini dilakukan sebanyak 8 data. Praktikan
melakukan percobaan sebanyak 15x dan 3x pengulangan apakah hasil yang temukan sudah
sesuai dengan detiknya atau masih berubah-ubah. Yang pertama percobaan yang di lalukan
menggunakan panjang tali sepanjang 120 cm dan lakukan dalam 15x ayunan dan hasil yang
didapatkan 33 detik, dan pada percobaan terakhir panjang tali 50 cm dengan 15x ayunan dan
mendapatkan waktu 21 detik. Panjang tali serta simpangan juga mempengaruhi besar
percepatan gravitasi, semakin panjang tali maka semakin kecil getaran dan frekuensi yang
dihasilkan sedangkan periodenya bertambah ayunan bandul. Begitu pula halnya dengan
simpangan , jika sudut terlalu besar maka ayunan tidak teratur, dan jika semakin kecil sudut
maka bandul dapat berayun secara sempurna. Dan pada praktikum ini ada beberapa kendala
yang didapatkan misalnya selisih detik atau terdapat perbedaan waktu yang tidak stabil. Posisi
berdiri praktikan yang kurang sejajar didepan mistar busur bisa saja mengakibatkan perbedaan
waktu dan mengakibatkan kesalahan terhadap praktikum ini.
G. Conclusion

The valueof gravitational accelerationi sdifferent and is not influenced by the time or height of
the rope, but remains stable.
The higher the rope the longer it will take fo rthe pendulum to move a cross the vertical axis to the
otherside

The higher the rope the longer it will take for the pendulum to move across the vertical axis to the
otherside
DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Muthi, 2013. Practice Lapooran Simple Swing physics.fcv

Sutrisno.1997.Mekanika seri Fisika Dasar.Bandung : ITB

Tim Penyusun 2019. Penuntun Praktikum Fisika Dasar Manado: FMIPA Unsrat

Yahya. 2005.AyunanMatematis.Solo.Seminar nasional

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