5.

0 Analysis
a) Discuss the plotted graph result and compare the materials breaking strength. Compare
the elastic and plastic region as well as the rupture point.

From the results experiment which is the graph that plotted, it can be observed that material mild
steel has the higher breaking strength and for aluminium is the lowest.

Aluminium is the lowest breaking strength because of it took lesser moment to for the material to
reach plastic deformation and deform at rupture point.

However, for the mild steel it has the higher breaking strength because of it took a larger amount
of moment to reach plastic deformation and deform at rupture point.

b) Discuss on the need of engineers to have knowledge on failures due to torsional load in
designing mechanical parts?

1. Fracture: When cracks appear

When a new cracks appear or existing cracks are extended, basically looking at a fracture
mechanism. Not every part fractures in the same way. Some parts fracture slowly and deform
plastically before seeing a sign of a crack that is because those parts are built in a ductile material.

2. Creep: When a body deforms over time

Those analyzing concrete structures like bridges or buildings know this mode of failure very well.
Creep is simply the natural tendency of some solid materials to move slowly or deform
permanently under stress. It is increased when the materials are heated (the extreme example is
when steel is melt under high heat to make it change shape).

3. Buckling: When a loss of stability creates big damages

In a nutshell, buckling a kind of failure that happens to certain types of slender geometries because
of the inner instabilities that occur in the loading. It is very dangerous because buckling failure can
happen much before the material failure (Yielding)