102 © Chapter3_ Tension Members PROBLEMS Al problems are to be done according to the AISC LRFD Method or the ASD Method, as indicated by the instrctor Assume fastener strength is adequate and does not control. All holes are standard holes. Values of yield siress ang tensile strength F, are available in Table 2.1.1. For all problems where the total number of holes is not known, esume rupture strength of AISC-14 does not control. Where needed, assume distances from center of hole to end of pice ae in. Assume all given loads are service loads. 3.1, Compute the maximum acceptable tensile service Toad that may act on a single angle L8X4X1 that is ‘welded along only one leg to a gusset plate; thus, there are no holes. The service live load is three times the dead load. Solve for (a) A36 steel and (b) AS72 Grade 50 steel, 32. Compute the maximum acceptable tensile service Joad the angle in Prob. 3.t may camry when con nected on both legs. The 4in. leg contains asin ele gage lie of in-diam bolts, andthe 6-n. leg contains a double gage line of 2-n-diam bolts. Assume no stagger of bots, and tht all bots par teipae in eamying load 3.3. Compute the maximum acceptable service load on an A36 steel plate tension member in. 12 in, hay- ing a single lin of holes parallel tothe direction of loading. The load is 25% dead load and 75% live Toad, and Ziniam bolts are used. 3.4. Compute the net area A, forthe plate (a connecting, clement according to AISC-J5) shown in the accom- panying figure. Then compute five the maximum Probloms 3.4 and 3.5 35. 3.6, value for service load Twhen A36 see is usd he lve load i fur times the dead load, and the es are Hin, diameter. Repeat Prob. 3.4 using AS72 Grade 60 steel and in.adiam holes. Select pir of angles o suppor a tensile lela (LL) and dead load (DL) forthe case assigned by the instructor, Assume the angles are epntel baceto-back fin, by a connected gusset pie an that the connection i welded. Assume the eds nes ratio is desired to not exceed 30. OL ow Length Case ‘kips) (kips) Steel (ft) 1 7 20 Ax 20 2 6 2 AM 30 3 7% 20 AS72Gr60 20 4 8 30 Ads 2 5 50 3% ASRGrSO 6 % ww Aw 20 7 80 100 AS72Gr50 28 fas37. Select a single angle (for the case assigned by the instructor) to support a tensile load. A single gage line of at least three bolts is to be used. 103 Problems ® ee _ Tees rs Ga DL LL Stee! Bolt diameter Length pe $i TO, (kips) (kips) lin) (ft) g | | {Ys 40 A36 “4 15 aes 1 3G amas om is OR Aw ae 208 OD Aeo om $f be oe proiem 311 6 10 30 AS72Gr 50 18 20 a 3 he is 102 3 Asnoreo 7 183.12. Repeat Prob. 3.11 using a C1OX25 attached to in, gusset plate. Assume the 12 bolts are in 3 lines parallel he divin of fading, with he sare 3 3.8 Slet a standard threaded rod to amy a tesile a force To hips dad load and 8kps live load Use Pan i 3.13. Determine the tensile load (85% live load; 15% AS72 Grade 50 steel 39. Select a standard threaded rod to carry a tensile force T of 2 kips dead load and 4 kips lve load. Use A36 steel 3.10. Design sag rods to support the purlins of an indus- ‘tial building roof whose span and slope are shown in the accompanying figure. Sag rods are placed at { points between roof truses, which are spaced 30 ‘Arapart, Assume roofing and purlin weight is 9 psf of roof surface. Use standard threaded rods and A36 steel. The snow load to be carried is 20, 30 or 40 psf of horizontal projection, whichever is appro- priate for your locale. Problem3.10 77 341, Determine the maximum allowable tensile load (20% dead load, 80% live load) for a single €12x20 fastened to a in, gusset plate asin the accompanying figure. Use A36 stel and assume holes are for }in-iam bolts, Base answer on tension strength ofthe channel, and include shear rupture strength, dead load) perited by AISC for pai of angles L6X4x} attached to a gusset plate as shown in the accompanying figure. Use A36 steel and n.-diam bolts on standard gage lines whose dis- tances are given in Table 3.4.1. The force T is transmitted to the gusset plate by fasteners on Jines A and B; assume only open holes in the 4-in. (outstanding) legs. 3.14, 3.15, Problem 3.13 Repeat Prob. 3.13 using a pair of L8G angles with staggered Z-n-ciam bots in the i, leg Given the splice shown in the accompanying figure: (a) Determine the maximum capacity 7 (30% dead load, 70% live load) based on the A36 steel plates having holes arranged as shown, (b) What value of s should be specified to provide es ; 1¢ maximum capacity T as computed in part (@) ifthe final design is to have 5, = s = s?Chapter 3. Tension Members ae ° ° Problem 3.15 3.16. An L5x3}X: angle, as shown in the accompany- ing figure, is to cary 20 kips dead loud and 70 kips live load using the shortest length of connec- tion using two gage lines of bolt in the Sin. leg. What is the minimum acceptable stagger, theoret- ical and specified (!-in, multiples), using A572 Grade 50 steet? ces Zt) ibe: SS \ (Shame fas pr) a 2am bois Problem 3.16 3.17. an 4x3% angle, as shown in the accompanying figure isto cary 25kips dead load and 65 ips live load. Using one gage line of holes for 3 n-diam bolts in each leg, what would be the minimum sag- ager s required to accomplish this? Consider the Joad tobe transferred by bolts inthe 4-in. leg, while the botes in the 3a. log may be considered open foes (ie, not to transmit the tensile load). Use 36 steel yt asxsdxt wey Ts “Ai ‘Other hoes no shoves (Gssuine a teat he) a 3.18. Compute the minimum value of s that could thea: retically be used on the angle ofthe accompany figure such thatthe maximum factored tensile foe T,, may be carvied, Assume m is lage enough & that a failure pattern through the open hole will ao govern, Include consideration of shear ruptue strength a 4 Standard les One open bole foe bin: diam tots iced ee rails Problems 3.18 and3.19 3.19. Assuming thats forthe angle of Prob 3.18 8 mest a large as required in Prob. 3.18, compute the mit™ imum distance m required so thatthe open hole ia the 4-in, leg will not reduce the strength below i maximum possible value. If Prob, 3.18 i8 solved, assume sis 3.75 in 3.20, Design an eyehar to carry 24 kips dead load and i Kips live load, using flame-cut A$72 Grade 50st! plate. (Refer to AISC-D3.)6.1. For the case essigned by the instructor, sleet the lightest W section to cary an axial compression load a indicated. The member is part of a braved frame, ‘Assume the member as pinned a the top and bottom PoP. Dead Live. Member oad load —_ length Steel case kips) (kips)_—_ft) grade aye nisl) 2 Aw2Grde 50 sD 8 14 AS72Grade $0 5 oO 30 A992Grade 50 6 oO 2% A992Grade 50 7 0 14 AS72Grade 60 es) ‘A572 Grade 65 0 “ 6.2. Select the lightest W section to carry @ compressive cad of 300 kips dead load and $00 kips live lad. ‘The effective length KL is 30. Use A992 stel. 6.3. Compute the maximum service axial compression Joad permitted on the built-up cross-section of the accompanying figure. The load is 30% dead load and 70% lve load. Te steel used is A992, and the effec- tive lengths aro (KL), = 14 and (KL), = 42 fas oa Problem 63 6.4, For the data of Prob. 6.1, consider the member to bee fixed at the botiom and hinged at the top and part of a braced system, Select the lightest W sec ‘ion forthe case assigned. 6. Select the lightest W section to serve as an axially loaded column 36 ft Jong, in a braced frame, with ‘addtional lateral support in the weak direction at ‘mid-height, The load to be carried is 50 kips dead load and 135 kips live load. Assume the top and bottom of the column are hinged. (2) Use A992 and indicate first and second choices. (0) Use A572 Grade 60, indicating first and second choices ° 335 Problems Select the most economical W section to camry 8” axial compression load of 50 kips dead load and 100 ips live load, The member has (KL), = (KL), '="18 fand is pat of a braced system. Assume that relative costs of various steels are as follows: A992, 1.14; AS72 Grade 60, 1.20. 66. 6.7. Redesign the column of Prob. 6.6 assuming addi tional weak direction support at mid-height. 68. Select the lightest W section to carry an axial com- pression load of 70 kips dead load and 225 kips live load. The member is part of a braced frame and is assumed to be pinned atthe top and bottom ofits 35 ft length, and in addition has lateral sup ‘por in the weak direction at 17 ft from the bottom. Use (a) A992 steel; (0) Fy = 65 ksi 6.9. Select the lightest W section to carry an axial compression of 90 kips dead load and 320 kips live load. The member is part of a braced frame, The idealized support condi- tions are that the member is hinged ia both principal directions at the top of « 30 ft height; supported in the weak direction at 14 and 22 ft from the bottom; and fixed in both directions at the bottom, Use (a) A992 ste: (b) Fy = OOksi 6.10, Select the lightest W section for the column shown in the accompanying figure. The loading is 30 kips dead load and 120 kips gravity live load. The ‘member is built into a wall so chat it may be com sidered as continuously braced in the weak direc- tion, Note: Not all ofthe available W sections are included in the AISC Manual “Available Strength in Axial Compression” tables, Use (a) A992 steel; ore aies cl ul sat T OE | foetal i i| 2s * Ea336 © Chapter6 Compression Members 6.11, Redesign the column of Prob. 6.2 assuming there is no residual stressor accidental eccentricity such that the column buckling strength may be repre- sented by Euler's equation, Eq. 6.28, using KL for L. If designing using the LRFD Method, use 6, = 0.90. If designing using the ASD Method, use 1, = 167, Use Fy = SOksi and take note that F,, cannot exceed F, 6.12. Use the tangent modulus theory to compute the column strength relationship (average unit stress Fon gross area vs slendemess ratio KL/r) Draw the diagram 10 scale and obtain any F., values by scaling from your diagram. The steel has /-= SUSI but the stress-strain curve for the Jeesia! iC ay shown in the accompanying figure \ sur = mo residual stress, Using your Fa, curve, “i she lightest W section for the loading and >t conditions of Prob. 6.2. If designing using the LRFD Method. use 6, = 0.90. If designing using the ASD Method. wse 2, = 1.67 6.13. Using the tangent modulus theory: (a) Construct a column strength (Fe = Py. Ay ¥S KL) for an H Shaped section. Assume weak axis bending KL r), controls and neglect the effect ofthe web, Assume the idealized stress-strain relationship shown in the accompanying figure is to be used for 273 b= wa. sane Siam Problem 6.12 Problem 6.13 64, 6s, 6.16. cae trot ot setion nen Siton me ange hore lightest W section to carry a dead loa of * divest ibe with anes 7 EUs yowemtrecndcnes oe! between Fc, and KL/r If desis using Pd Mal i = 090 fais ee Method, use Me = 167. Use F.= shige Solve using te AISC Spee wa ‘with tangent modulus theory result. is Follow the same requirements as fir Pro. 6 construct a column strength curve. Ths tn residual stress distribution is linewy an shown in the accompanying figure. Fir by at use the loading and support conditinsof Pin: Repeat Prob. 6.14, except for (b) and ic) wee loading and support conditions of Prob. 613 Design an interior column (use W shpe) foram tistory rigid frame. No bracing is provided ine plane of the frame. In the plane perpendictlrs se frame, bracing is provided at tp, boron. nim: height of columns and simple fexile bese ‘column connections are used. The axial com> sive load is 300 kips dead load and 40 bis Toad, and bending moments are neglesed te AST2 Grade 50 Steel. Daw blakePotions * 337 | 7 :€ S comme il problem 64 = 5 b= Bits weer 2 | wiecct en veo LB * & * J 26-0 — 9-0 0-0 Problem 6.16 6.17. Am axial compression load consisting of 100 kips ‘dead Toad and 400 kips live load isto be carried by ‘column having an effective length KE = 28 ft. Use A992 steel, Satisfy the widthithickness limits A, of AISC-Table B4.1 (@) Design aolled W section (b) Design the lightest welded F-shaped section using three plates, (©) Design a welded laced (single lacing) column consisting of four angles. (@) Design a welded box with solid plates. (©) Design a welded box having two perforated plates. 6.18, Design as in Prob, 6.17, except the axial load is 190 ips dead load and 210 kips live load and KL= 22h Compute the maximum service Joad (25% dead load and 75% live load) acceptable for a structural tee WTI2X38 when used in a truss location where itis braced in the plane of the truss at 20-ftimervals and braced transverse tothe plane of the truss at 10+ ft intervals, Apply the provisions of AISC-E7 iff ncvessary. Use (a) AO92 steel; (b) Fy = 65 ksi Select the lightest double angle compression member to carry 60 kips dead load and 100 kips live load, 6,9. 620, 621. 6.22, 623 ‘The effective length KL = 10 ft. Assume the backs of the angles are separated by a } in. gusset plat. Indicate the orientation ofthe angle legs (ie, short or tong legs back-to-back). IF angles are selected forall thre stels, indicate the economical choice if relative casts are A36 (1.0), F, = 50 (1.07), and F, = 60 (110), Use (a) A36 stel; (6) F, = SO ksi: and (©) F, = ksi Design as in Prob, 6.20, except the member must carry 40 kips dead load and 140 kips live load, and KL = 16h. Design as in Prob. 6.20, except the member must carry 30 kips dead load und 50 kips live load, and KL = 16 ft Design. top chord member fora roof truss to carry 40 kips dead load, 80 kips live load, and 40 kips wind load scting simultaneously. Assume this loading combination governs the design. The member is braced in the plane of the tuss by adjoining web members connecting in at 5-t inte. vals. The chord is braced transverse to the plane of the truss at 10-f intervals. Neglect bending due to roof loads, (@) Design a dovble angle member connected to gusset plates. (b) Design a structural tee.338 6.24, 625, 6.26. 621, 6.28, 6.29, © Chapter6 Compression Members Select the lightest structural tee (WT) for use asa top ‘chord compression member to carry 50 kips dead load and 120 kps lve load. Neglect bending. The member has 10-f effective length for buckling in ether the x ory.yplane. Use (a) A992 steel; (b) F, = 65 ksi Select the lightest structural tee (WT) to serve as the compression chord of a truss to carry 40 kips dead load and 45 kips live load. n the plane ofthe truss the chord is braced by adjoining web mem- bers that frame in at 5-ft intervals. Perpendicular {o the plane ofthe truss, the chord is braced at 10 ft by a system of lateral puslin supports. Use the ‘most economical of A992 or AST2 Grade 65 steels if Grade 65 costs 12% more than A992, Compe the service axial compressive load per nied on a 12X12 stretural tube having an effective length (KL), = 12 ft. The load is 50% lve load Use a) A993 ste: (b F, = 6O ks nd (OF, = 100ksi. Compute the service axial compressive la permit ted ona 12X84 structural tube having an effective Tength (KL), = 7 for weak axis tending, and (KL), = 10° for strong axis bending. Te load #5359 dead load and 635 ive load. Use () A092 seek (0) F, = 65 ksi; and (6) Fy = 904s Redesign the column of Prob. 6.) selecting an HSS instead ofa W section, Redesign the column of Prob. 6.6, selecting an HESS instead of a W section 6.30, Redesign the column of Prob. 62, w HSS instead of a W section, ei 6.31, Compute the service ail comps tay tite on the nonstandard shaped ee inte scompaning guste os gk Toad and 70% Ine lod. The een (KL), = 14ft and (KL), = 78 Ue gad steel (b) F, = 60 ksi; and (e) Fy» tto¥y Problem 6.31 6.32, Repeat Prob. 6.31 except use the nonstaniste section of the accompanying figure Problem 6.3211 742. 183, 14 1s, 1a, 148. 149, 1.60. PROBLEMS Problems © 379 “nes A. Manel Pal J Brenan, Benjamin A. Weiland hares M. Anton Stes isubution ja eaten Bea Touma! of he Stra Dision, ASCE, 97,77 uly 1971), 1947-1967. Dots B Cooper and Robrt Spell “Tests on Bears it Renfree Web Opens” Journal of he Siracral Design, ASCE 98, ST3 (March 1972) 611-632, peter W Chan and RichardG. Redwood, “Suess in Beans wih Circular Eze Web Holes” Soar the Sacral Dison, ASCE. 00, S71 Qanuary 197), 231-248 Ricks 6. Redood an Peter W. Chan Design Ald for Beams with Cela Bootie Web Hole” Jouratof the Sactart Dison, ASCE, 10,812 (Feo 1934), 297-303. “Tong Min Wang, Robe. Srl and Ptr B. Cooper. "Siengh of Beans wit zene Reinforced Hales Yournal ooh Siac! Division, ASCE. 101, SY Seembe 175), 178-1800. ‘Marvin A arson and Kint N.S, “Piastic Design of Wes Openings in Sts Beams Jounal ofthe Siete Divison, ASCE. 102, STS (May 1976). 1031-1041, Does B. Cooper Ret R Sel and Harty D: Kaos. “Fale Tet on Bexms with Borne Wee oles Joural ofthe Sacral Dvn. ASCE, 108, S19 Spteber 1979, 1731-1738 RichardG, Redwood, Hema Barina, and Michal J Daly. “Tests of Thin Webbed Beas with Ure Tense Hole Journal ofthe Steel Division ASCE, 108, STS (March 1978). 877-385 [RichardG Redwood and Minor Ueno, “Creal Loads fr Webs with Holes” wma of he Sr tural Dison, ASCE, 10, STO (October 1979), 2085-2007 ‘Bunk. Daughnty, “Eat Deformation of Beams with Web Openings.” Journal fe Stacia Dison, ASCE, 106, ST Gagan 1980 301-312, Ranevtat Nacayanan ad Nore Gara Vera De Avagesin. "Design of Send Webs Having Re Canpula Holes” foural of Sacra Engineering, ASCE. 11h $ (Apa 1988), 777-78 6, Redwood, “Tbs fr Plastic Design of Bers wth Rectangular Hols” ngineres Jura ‘NISC. 951 ouary 1979, 2-19, ‘Richard LKisaman and eee B. Coop, Desian Fxample foc Bears with Web Openings” nginering Journal ASC 3,2 (Sera Quart 1976, 48-56 Et GevleJeand C.N.Geylnd Design of Stet Sractures, New York: MeGrn-Hil Book Co pany, 1957, Chap. 5 Di Alco and. M. May. "Design Citron for Vibaons Duc wo Waking” Engcering Journal IASC 3,4 (A, Ques 1093, 117129. James MP and Michael A. West, Servcebity Design Considerations for See Buidngs. Steck Design Guide Senes No 3.20866, Chicago, TL: Ameria Isat of Stes Consoction, 2003 Lawrene 6 Gniis Load and Rerance Kactor Design of W Shapes Encased in Concrete, tel [Delp Guide Sars No 6 Cheap, ls Aamo inate of Stel Construction, 1992 Tarene Gris “Seviceabity Limit Sates Under Wind Loud.” Engineering Journal, AISC. 30, Tbe Quine 1995), 1-16 C.Buls abd, VCalanbos.“Detga Recommendations or Fgul Leg Single Angle Flexerl Men tes dora of Constractonl Stet Reseach 43197), 1-3, 65-8, Thomas M. Mary, Ds Allen, ad Enc E. Unga. Floor Vibrations Due Hunan Aci, Stel Draign Guide Sores No 1 Chicago, Il; American laste of Ste Constuction, 197,69 pp. David Darwin Ste! and Camporie Beans with Web Opeing, Design Guide eres No, 2, Chicago, TR: American late of Stel Constr, 190,63. |All problems are tobe done acconding tothe ATSC LRFD Method or the AISC ASD Method, as indicated by the instruc~ tor. All given loads are service loads unless otherwise indicated. For all problems assume adequate lateral support of the ‘compression flange such that lateral stability does not control, Assute all standard sections are equally readily available in the indicated grade of stel (even though actually they are not). A figure showing span and loading is required, and a final check of strength is required. 7.1. For the case (or cases) assigned by the instructor, weight, and a uniformly distributed tive load wy, as select the lightest W section to carry a uniformly Indicated. The member is simply supported and distributed dead load twp addition to the beam deflection is not of concern,380 © Chapter? Beams: Laterally Supported wo wm Deed Live Span load load length —Steet Case (kip) tkiptt) (ft) grade 102 o8 rey 2 02 os 35 Age Spun Ozpenmas 3S AST2Grade 65 4 02 ox 3S ASIA Grade 100 S02 og 5336 6 02 08 35 Ae 7 02 08 55 AST2Grade 6s Bueers ca/eeer 0) 5S ASI4Grade 100 9 a8 16 30 AN6 wo of 16 30 AST2Grade 65 Hos 32 30 A36 2 08 33 30 AS?2Grade 65 Boo 1a oo AM oa 14 60 A982 |AST2 Grade 65 Is os 1 oo 7.2. A simply supported welded I-section beam carries concentrated load W at midspan (see accompa ying figure). The load is 20% dead load and 80% live load. For the case (or cases) assigned by the instructor, determine the maximum service load W that can be permitted to be carried. The po, Rane fag a Problem 7.2 Case I (for other cass se table) Flange Web Span plates plate length —Steel Case Cin.) (in) fo) grade 1 12x12 3jexm 2 A 2 1f2xid 3x30 28 A002 3 3/4X12 3/8X24 28 A607 Grade 70 43/818 12x30 28 AST2Grade 65 7.3. Repeat Prob. 7.1 (cases 1 to 4 as assigned) addi- tionally assuming the live load deflection may not exceed 1/360 (not an AISC Specification requirement). 7A, Repeat Prob. 7.1 (cases 5 t08 as asin) ai, ally assuming the live load deflection may nat 12300 (not an AISC Specification reuicnay, 7.5. For the case (oF cases) assigned by the in select the lightest W section to cary a yun Aistibated dead load wp in sition to hee? ‘weight, anda uniformly distributed leo et indicated. The member is simply sspona) deflection isnot of concern, ior Dead Live Span load load length Stel Case tkip/ft) (kipit) (ft) grade 1 20. 0 7 Aw ey a) 7 A 3 20180 7 AsTIGAe@ 4 20 180 7 A514 Gade 5 80 20 5 Aw 6 80 © 120 5 Aon rasan. eenate 120) 5 ASTI Gree 7.6. A W24X94 beam on a 6-ft span (see accompa ing figure) underpins a column that beings 10k dead load and 280 kips live load to its top fangea location 2.5 ft from the left support. The eam bearing plate is 12 in, measured along the ban and the bearing plates atthe end suppor ae ea 8 in. Investigate this beam of A992 steel for) flexure, (b) shear, and (c) satisfactory transmit of the reactions and concentrated load (ie. xd web yielding and web crippling). Specify change (Gf any) requited to satisfy the AISC Specific 7.7. A W167 section of A992 steal is 0s 10-8 simply supported span. ‘The wal on!length is 10 in. What maximum slowly moving ‘concentrated service load (25 dead load; 75% live load) may be carried”? 7.8, Determine the sie bearing plate required for an tnd action of 11 kips dead load and kip ve Tandon a WI4XS beam of AST2 Grade 60 ste. ‘The beam resis on a 4-in-tbick cone wall (= 3800 ps). Specity thickness in mulls of {in and the length and width (o whole inches. 79. (LRFD Method only) For a WI2X87 of A992 steel, calculate the design shear strength $¥. and the bearing length NV required when the design end reaction R, equals the design shear strength. 7.10. through 7.13. For the section shown in the accompanying, fig- ure, assume uniform loading in the plane of the ‘web (yz plane) for a simply supported span of 12. ft and neglect any torsional effects. Assume the service load acting is 20% dead load and 80% live ‘oud, and that the limit state oceurs when the max- imam stress reaches the yield stress F, at one point. (a) Determine the maximum uniform service load assuming bending occurs in the plane of load ing (yz plane. Problem 7.10 Problem 7.11 aoxal xa Problem 7.12 * 381 Problems (b) Use the loading determined in (a) to compute the flexural stress at points designated by let- ters, assuming the beam is free to bend and not restrained to bend in the yz plane. Use the flex- ure formula, Eq. 7.10.18. () Repeat (b) but use method describe in Example 7.10.20). (@) If your instructor specifically assigns and dis- cusses this part, locate principal axes, transform. the moment into components IM’, and M, about the principal axes, compute moments of inertia, TT and 1, with respect to these axes, and use f= Mi/S + My/Sy (@) State conclusions. 7.14. ‘The given 8X6X; angle is positioned with its long leg pointing downward and used as a simply sup- ported beam of 12-ft span, The uniform dead load is 0.1 kipfft (including angle weight) and gravity live load is 0.5 kip/ft. The horizontal leg is to be restrained by attachments to make the angle bend vertically, Assuming the attachment to the hori- zontal leg is simply supported, for what service oad lateral bending moment must the connection be designed? Consider only the unsymmetrical section effect and neglect any torsion. Assume the 12 5sint Nano’ wos oy Problem 7.13,382 Tas. 7.16. * Chapter? Beams: Laterally Supported Problem 7.14 controlling limit state is the achievement of yield stress F, atthe extreme fiber. Select the lightest WS section of A992 steel to use 25 a purlin on a roof sloped 30° to the horizontal ‘The span is 21 ft, the load is uniform 0.18 kipr/ft ead load plus the purtin weight and 0.34 kiprft snow load. Lateral stability is assured by attach- ‘ment of the roofing to the compression flange. ‘Assume the load acts through the beam centroid, there are no sag rods, and biaxial bending must be assumed. Any torsional effect can be resisted by the roofing and therefore it can be neglected. Select the lightest W section to camry moments, ‘M, = 145 fickips (15% dead load and 85% live load) and the lateral moment M; resisted by one flange is 30 ft-kips (20% dead load and 80% live 77, 78. Sa woe (srsget Be oad), To select the beam assume Mf, = 2 my that torsion is neglected. Use A992 sea wy assume lateral stability does not govern Select the lightest W section to cary M, = 25 fickips (30% dead load and 70% tive loud) al lateral moment My resisted by one flange isi) fckips (20% dead load and 80% live loa select the beam assume M, © 2M. Use AS Grade 50 steel and assume lateral stably not contro Repeat Prob. 7.17 but select a combination wit flange section and channel as found inthe A ‘Manual [1.15] under “W Shapes with Cap Cun nels," pp. 1-112 or 1-113,