BISARES, Robert Joshua M.

BRDACOUSTICS – T093

Lecture 5

Problem 1. Find the picture height and width in terms of number of pixels also find the highest video bandwidth
(assuming NTSC system).

Solution
i. Nv = N – Ns ii. NH = a x Nv
= 525 – 40 = (4/3) x 485
= 485 lines = 647 pixels
iii. NL = NH/0.835
= 647/0.835
= 775 pixels
iv. BW = 0.35 x fH x NH
= 0.35 x 1/(63.5µs - 10µs) x 647
= 4.23MHz
Problem 2. Calculate the amount of time to scan 20 pixels with a BW of 4MHz.
Solution
i. NH=BW x 2T
=4MHz x 2(53.5µs)
=428 pixels
ii. tN = N x t
= 20 x (53.5µs/428)
= 2.5µs

Seatwork
1. How long does it take to horizontally scan 20 pixels?

BW = NH / 2Th
NH = BW x 2Th
= (4 MHz) x 2(53.5 µs)
=428 pixels

tN = N x t
= 20 x (53.5µs/428)
= 2.5µs
2. How long does it take to horizontally scan 1 pixel?

BW = NH / 2Th
NH = BW x 2Th
= (4 MHz) x 2(53.5 µs)
=428 pixels

tN = N x t
= 1 x (53.5µs/428)
= 0.125 µs
3. Calculate the horizontal scanning time for the following number of pixels, a) 1, b)5, c)15, d)20.
a. t1 = 1 x (53.5µs/428) = 0.125 µs
b. t5 = 5 x (53.5µs/428) = 0.625 µs
c. t15 = 15 x (53.5µs/428) = 1.875 µs
d. t20 = 20 x (53.5µs/428) = 2.5 µs
 4. Calculate the decrease in horizontal resolution if the video signal BW were reduced from 4MHz to 3.6MHz.

NH1 = BW x 2Th
= (4 MHz) x 2(53.5 µs)
=428 pixels
NH2 = BW x 2Th
= (3.6 MHz) x 2(53.5 µs)
=385.2 pixels

% decrease = [| NH2 - NH1|/ NH2] x 100 = [| 385 - 428|/ 428] x 100 = 10.05 % decrease

Problem1
An RGB video signal has normalized value of R=0.2, G=0.4, B=0.8. Find the value of Y, I, and Q.
Y = 0.30R + 0.59G + 0.11B
Y = 0.30(0.2) + 0.59(0.4) + 0.11(0.8)
Y = 0.384

I = 0.60R – 0.28G + 0.32B

I = 0.60(0.2) – 0.28(0.4) - 0.32(0.8)
I = -0.248

Q = 0.21R – 0.52G + 0.31B

Q = 0.21(0.2) – 0.52(0.4) + 0.31(0.8)
Q = 0.082

Problem2
Calculate the luminance signal and the IRE equivalent unit for saturated green, for saturated yellow signal.

a. For saturated green:

Y = 0.30R + 0.59G + 0.11B
Y = 0.30(0) + 0.59(1) + 0.11(0)
Y = 0.59

IRE = 7.5 + I(IMAX - IMIN)

IRE = 7.5 + 0.59 (100 – 7.5)
IRE = 62.075

b. For saturated yellow:

Y = 0.30R + 0.59G + 0.11B
Y = 0.30(1) + 0.59(1) + 0.11(0)
Y = 0.89

IRE = 7.5 + I(IMAX - IMIN)

IRE = 7.5 + 0.89 (100 – 7.5)
IRE = 89.825

Problem 3
Find the equivalent IRE units of a video signal which has 80% of the maximum luminance level.

IRE = 7.5 + Y(YMAX - YMIN)

IRE = 7.5 + 0.8 (100 – 7.5)
IRE = 81.5
Problem4
For an I=0.4 and Q=0.3, find the value of C signal. What is the approximate hue of this color?

𝐶 = √𝐼 2 + 𝑄 2
𝐶 = √(0.2)2 + (0.3)2
C = 0.36
SEATWORK
Problem1
The signal from a color camera has R=0.75, G=0.5 and B= 0.15, where 1 represents the maximum signal possible.
Find the values for Y, I and Q for the transmitted signal.
Y = 0.30R + 0.59G + 0.11B
Y = 0.30(0.75) + 0.59(0.5) + 0.11(0.15)
Y = 0.5365

I = 0.60R – 0.28G – 0.32B

I = 0.60(0.75) – 0.28(0.5) – 0.32(0.15)
I = 0.262

Q = 0.21R – 0.52G + 0.31B

Q = 0.21(0.75) – 0.52(0.5) + 0.31(0.15)
Q = 0.056

Problem2
Calculate the value of C signal when I=0.3 and Q=0.4.

𝐶 = √𝐼 2 + 𝑄 2
𝐶 = √(0.3)2 + (0.4)2
C = 0.5

Problem3
Calculate the chrominance signal for saturated red vector.

𝐶 = √𝐼 2 + 𝑄 2

𝐶 = √(0.60)2 + (0.21)2
C = 0.636

Problem4.
Calculate the equivalent IRE unit of a video signal with a luminance of 72%.
IRE = 7.5 + I (IMAX - IMIN)
IRE = 7.5 + 0.72 (100 – 7.5)
IRE = 74.1
PROBLEM 1
Calculate the signal level in dBmV at the input and output of each amplifier and at the subscriber drop. Also
calculate the signal level at the subscriber drop in microvolts and in dBm.

Vin (db)
5 dBm

Vout = 30 dBm
Vo(db) Vin = 23 dBm
20 dBm – 15 dBm Vin= 20 dBm
Vo = 2 dBm – 3 dBm

40 db Vin= 20 dBm

3 db
SL = 3 dBm

𝑉𝑜
𝐴𝑣 = 20 log( )
𝑉𝑖𝑛
Av = 20log(Vo)-20log(Vin)

Vo(db) = Av + Vin (db)

𝑉𝑖𝑛
𝑆𝐿 = 20 log( )
𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑓
100𝜇𝑠
𝑆𝐿 = 20 log( )
1 𝑚𝑠
SL = -20 dBm

PROBLEM 2
Calculate the Subscribers Drop in dBµ for a CATV Network system if the transmitting helical antenna with 10
turns having helix diameter of 0.1m and pitch of 0.05m transmits power of 10KW at a distance between the transmitting
antenna and the receiving antenna 5Km. The receiving antenna is a parabolic dish 6ft in diameter operating at 1800MHz
signal having 75 ohms load impedance at the receiving end. Assume a loss less transmission line on both transmitter and
receiver and other parameters are ideal.
Solution:
2
2
15𝑁𝑆 𝜋𝑑 15(10)(0.05) 𝜋(0.1)
𝐺𝐻𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 = ( ) = 8 ( ) = 158.93
λ λ 3𝑥10 3𝑥108
( ) ( )
1800𝑥106 1800𝑥106
2
2 6
𝜋𝑑 𝜋 (3.28)
𝐺𝑃𝐷 = ( ) = ( ) = 1182.54
λ 3𝑥108
( )
1800𝑥106
2
λ 3
0.167 2
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐 = 𝑃𝑇 𝐺𝑇𝑥 𝐺𝑅𝑥 ( ) = (10𝑥10 )(158.93)(1182.54) ( ) = 13.27𝑚𝑊
4𝜋𝑅 4𝜋 (5000)
𝑉𝐿2 −3
𝑃𝐿 = ; 𝑉𝐿 = 𝑉𝑖𝑛 = √𝑃𝐿 𝑍𝐿 =√𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐 𝑍𝐿 = √(13.27𝑥10 ) (75) = 0.997 𝑉
𝑍𝐿
𝑉𝑖𝑛 0.997
𝑆𝐿 = 20 log (
) = 20 log ( ) = 119.97 𝑑𝐵𝑢
𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑓 1𝑥10−6
𝑆𝐷1 = 119.97𝑑𝐵𝑢 + (50 − 15 + 20 − 5 + 15 − 10 + 5 − 10 − 5)𝑑𝐵 + (10 + 10)𝑑𝐵 − (15 + 3 + 5)𝑑𝐵
= 𝟏𝟔𝟏. 𝟗𝟕𝒅𝑩𝒖
𝑆𝐷2 = 119.97𝑑𝐵𝑢 + (50 − 15 + 20 − 5 + 15 − 10 + 5 − 10 − 5) + (4 + 10 + 20)𝑑𝐵
− (3 + 15 + 5 + 10)𝑑𝐵 = 𝟏𝟔𝟓. 𝟗𝟕𝒅𝑩𝒖
𝑆𝐷3 = 119.97𝑑𝐵𝑢 + (50 − 15 + 20 − 5 + 15 − 10 + 5 − 10 − 5) + (10 + 15 + 5 + 3)𝑑𝐵
− (2 + 5 + 6 + 10 + 8 + 15 + 2)𝑑𝐵 = 𝟏𝟒𝟗. 𝟗𝟕𝒅𝑩𝒖
𝑆𝐷4 = 119.97𝑑𝐵𝑢 + (50 − 15 + 20 − 5 + 15 − 10 + 5 − 10 − 5) + (10 + 15 + 5 + 15 + 3)𝑑𝐵
− (2 + 5 + 6 + 10 + 8 + 3 + 5 + 15)𝑑𝐵 = 𝟏𝟓𝟖. 𝟗𝟕𝒅𝑩𝒖

Assignment
Calculate the Subscribers Drop in dBm for a CATV network system assuming a free space propagation for a
transmitter that has a transmitting antenna power of 12 watts at a carrier frequency of 0.28GHz. It is connected by 10m
of a transmission line having loss of 3db/100m to an antenna with a gain of 12dBi. The transmitting antenna and the
receiving antenna is 20Km away while the receiving-end antenna has a gain of 8dBi. There is negligible loss in the receiver
feed line but the receiver end is mismatched; the antenna and line are designed for a 50 ohms impedance but the receiver
input is 75 ohms. Assume a loss less transmission and other parameters are ideal. Apply the concept of antenna
reciprocity.
Solution:
λ 2 12 8 1.2 2
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐 = 𝑃𝑇 𝐺𝑇𝑥 𝐺𝑅𝑥 ( ) = (12) (1010 ) (1010 ) ( ) = 21.80𝑛𝑊
4𝜋𝑅 4𝜋 (20𝑥103 )
𝑉𝐿2 −9
𝑃𝐿 = ; 𝑉 = 𝑉𝑖𝑛 = √𝑃𝐿 𝑍𝐿 =√𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐 𝑍𝐿 = √(21.80𝑥10 ) (75) = 1.27𝑚𝑉
𝑍𝐿 𝐿
𝑉𝑖𝑛 1.27𝑚𝑉
𝑆𝐿 = 20 log ( ) = 20 log ( ) = 2.13 𝑑𝐵𝑚
𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑓 1𝑥10−3
𝑆𝐷1 = 2.13𝑑𝐵𝑚 + (50 − 15 + 20 − 5 + 15 − 10 + 5 − 10 − 5)𝑑𝐵 + (10 + 10)𝑑𝐵 − (15 + 3 + 5)𝑑𝐵
= 𝟒𝟒. 𝟏𝟑𝒅𝑩𝒎
𝑆𝐷2 = 2.13𝑑𝐵𝑚 + (50 − 15 + 20 − 5 + 15 − 10 + 5 − 10 − 5) + (4 + 10 + 20)𝑑𝐵
− (3 + 15 + 5 + 10)𝑑𝐵 = 𝟒𝟖. 𝟏𝟑𝒅𝑩𝒎
𝑆𝐷3 = 2.13𝑑𝐵𝑚 + (50 − 15 + 20 − 5 + 15 − 10 + 5 − 10 − 5) + (10 + 15 + 5 + 3)𝑑𝐵
− (2 + 5 + 6 + 10 + 8 + 15 + 2)𝑑𝐵 = 𝟑𝟐. 𝟏𝟑𝒅𝑩𝒎
𝑆𝐷4 = 2.13𝑑𝐵𝑚 + (50 − 15 + 20 − 5 + 15 − 10 + 5 − 10 − 5) + (10 + 15 + 5 + 15 + 3)𝑑𝐵
− (2 + 5 + 6 + 10 + 8 + 3 + 5 + 15)𝑑𝐵 = 𝟒𝟏. 𝟏𝟑𝒅𝑩𝒎