Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dk fodkl

d{kk 11 osQ fy, ikB~;iqLrd

2015-16
 ISBN 81-7450-582-2
çFke laLdj.k lokZf/dkj lqjf{kr
çdk'kd dh iwoZ vuqefr osQ fcuk bl çdk'ku osQ fdlh Hkkx dks Nkiuk
vizSy 2006 oS'kk[k 1928 q
rFkk bysDVªkW fudh] e'khuh] iQksVksçfrfyfi] fjdkWfMZ±x vFkok fdlh vU;
iqueZæq .k fof/ ls iqu% ç;ksx i¼fr }kjk mldk laxzg.k vFkok çlkj.k oftZr gSA
q bl iqLrd dh fcØh bl 'krZ osQ lkFk dh xbZ gS fd çdk'kd dh iwoZ
tuojh 2007 ek?k 1928 vuqefr osQ fcuk ;g iqLrd vius ewy vkoj.k vFkok ftYn osQ
vykok fdlh vU; çdkj ls O;kikj }kjk m/kjh ij] iqufoZØ; ;k fdjk,
uoacj 2007 dk£rd 1929 ij u nh tk,xh] u csph tk,xhA
ekpZ 2009 iQkYxqu 1930 q bl çdk'ku dk lgh ewY; bl i`"B ij eqfæzr gSA jcM+ dh eqgj vFkok
fpidkbZ xbZ iphZ (fLVdj) ;k fdlh vU; fof/ }kjk vafdr dksbZ Hkh
tuojh 2010 ek?k 1931 la'kksf/r ewY; xyr gS rFkk ekU; ugha gksxkA

tuojh 2011 ek?k 1932 ,u lh bZ vkj Vh osQ izdk'ku izHkkx osQ dk;kZy;
vxLr 2012 Jko.k 1934 ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- oSaQil
vizSy 2013 pS=k 1935 Jh vjfoan ekxZ
u;h fnYyh 110 016 iQksu % 011&26562708
ebZ 2014 oS'kk[k 1936 108] 100 iQhV jksM
fnlacj 2014 ikS"k 1936 gsyh ,DlVsas'ku] gksLMsosQjs
cuk'kadjh III bLVst
cSaxywj 560 085 iQksu % 080&26725740
PD 20T RPS uothou VªLV Hkou
Mkd?kj uothou
vgenkckn 380 014 iQksu % 079&27541446

© jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj lh-MCY;w-lh- oSaQil

fudV% /udy cl LVkWi ifugVh
çf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ ] 2006 dksydkrk 700 114 iQksu % 033&25530454
lh-MCY;w-lh- dkWEIySDl
ekyhxkao
xqokgkVh 781021 iQksu % 0361&2674869

` 70.00
çdk'ku lg;ksx
vè;{k] çdk'ku izHkkx % ,u- osQ- xqIrk
eq[; mRiknu vfèkdkjh % dY;k.k cuthZ
,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- okVjekoZQ 80 th-,l-,e- eq[; laiknd % 'osrk mIiy
isij ij eqfnzrA eq[; O;kikj çca/d % xkSre xkaxqyh
çdk'ku izHkkx esa lfpo] jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd lgk;d mRiknu vf/dkjh % jktsUnz pkSgku
vuqla/ku vkSj çf'k{k.k ifj"kn~] Jh vjfoan
ekxZ] ubZ fnYyh 110 016 }kjk çdkf'kr vkoj.k ,oa fp=kkadu
rFkk Jh jke fizaVlZ] Mh&6] lsDVj&63] lfjrk oekZ ekFkqj
uks,Mk&201 301 }kjk eqfnzrA

2015-16
 vkeq[k
jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ dh :ijs[kk (2005) lq>krh gS fd cPpksa osQ LowQyh thou dks ckgj osQ thou
ls tksM+k tkuk pkfg,A ;g fl¼kar fdrkch Kku dh ml fojklr osQ foijhr gS] ftlosQ izHkkoo'k
gekjh O;oLFkk vkt rd LowQy vkSj ?kj osQ chp varjky cuk;s gq, gSA u;h jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ
ij vk/kfjr ikB~;Øe vkSj ikB~;iqLrosaQ bl cqfu;knh fopkj ij vey djus dk ç;kl gSA bl
ç;kl esa gj fo"k; dks ,d e”kcwr nhokj ls ?ksj nsus vkSj tkudkjh dks jVk nsus dh ço`fÙk dk
fojks/ 'kkfey gSA vk'kk gS fd ;s dne gesa jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr (1986) esa of.kZr cky&osaQfnzr
O;oLFkk dh fn'kk esa dkiQh nwj rd ys tk,¡xsA
bl iz;Ru dh liQyrk vc bl ckr ij fuHkZj gS fd LowQyksa osQ çkpk;Z vkSj vè;kid cPpksa
dks dYiuk'khy xfrfof/;ksa vkSj lokyksa dh enn ls lh[kus vkSj lh[kus osQ nkSjku vius vuqHkoksa
ij fopkj djus dk fdruk volj nsrs gSaA gesa ;g ekuuk gksxk fd ;fn txg] le; vkSj vk”kknh
nh tk, rks cPps cM+kas }kjk lkSia h xbZ lwpuk&lkexzh ls tqMd+ j vkSj tw>dj u;s Kku dk l`tu djrs
gSaA f'k{kk osQ fofo/ lk/uksa ,oa Ïksrksa dh vuns[kh fd, tkus dk çeq[k dkj.k ikB~;iqLrd dks
ijh{kk dk ,dek=k vk/kj cukus dh izof` Ùk gSA ltZuk vkSj igy dks fodflr djus osQ fy;s ”k:jh
gS fd ge cPpksa dks lh[kus dh izfØ;k esa iwjk Hkkxhnkj ekusa vkSj cuk,¡] mUgsa Kku dh fu/kZfjr
[kqjkd dk xzkgd ekuuk NksM+ nsaA
;s mís'; LowQy dh nSfud f”kanxh vkSj dk;Z'kSyh esa dkI+kQh isQjcny dh ek¡x djrs gSaA nSfud
le;&lkj.kh esa yphykiu mruk gh ”k:jh gS ftruk okf"kZd dSyasMj osQ vey esa pqLrh] ftlls
f'k{k.k osQ fy;s fu;r fnuksa dh la[;k gdhdr cu losQA f'k{k.k vkSj ewY;kadu dh fof/;k¡ Hkh bl
ckr dks r; djsxa h fd ;g ikB~;iqLrd LowQy esa cPpksa osQ thou dks ekufld ncko rFkk cksfj;r
dh txg [kq'kh dk vuqHko mRiUu djus esa fdruh çHkkoh fl¼ gksrh gSA cks> dh leL;k ls fuiVus
osQ fy;s ikB~;Øe fuekZrkvksa us fofHkUu pj.kksa esa Kku dk iqufuZ/kj.k djrs le; cPpksa osQ euksfoKku
,oa vè;kiu osQ fy;s miyC/ le; dk è;ku j[kus dh igys ls vf/d lpsr dksf'k'k dh gSA
bl dksf'k'k dks vkSj lkFkZd cukus osQ ;Ru esa ;g ikB~;iqLrd lksp&fopkj vkSj foLe;] NksVs
lewgksa esa ckrphr ,oa cgl vkSj gkFk ls dh tkus okyh xfrfof/;ksa dks izkFkfedrk nsrh gSA

2015-16
 ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- bl iqLrd dh jpuk osQ fy;s cukbZ xbZ ikB~;iqLrd fuekZ.k lfefr osQ
ifjJe osQ fy, ÑrKrk O;Dr djrh gSA ifj"kn~ lkekftd foKku ikB~;iqLrd lykgdkj lewg
osQ vè;{k izksI-ksQlj gfj oklqnsou vkSj vFkZ'kkL=k ikB~;iqLrd lfefr osQ eq[; lykgdkj çksI+ksQlj
rkil etwenkj dk fo'ks"k vkHkkjh gSA bl ikB~;iqLrd osQ fodkl esa dbZ f'k{kdksa us ;ksxnku fn;k_
bl ;ksxnku dks laHko cukus osQ fy;s ge muosQ çkpk;ks± osQ vkHkkjh gSaA ge mu lHkh laLFkkvksa
vkSj laxBuksa osQ çfr ÑrK gSa ftUgksaus vius lalk/uksa] lkexzh rFkk lg;ksfx;ksa dh enn ysus esa gesa
mnkjrkiwoZd lg;ksx fn;kA ge ekè;fed ,oa mPp f'k{kk foHkkx] ekuo lalk/u fodkl ea=kky;
}kjk çksI+ksQlj e`.kky ehjh ,oa çksI+ksQlj th- ih- ns'kikaMs dh vè;{krk esa xfBr fuxjkuh lfefr
(ekWfuVfjax desVh) osQ lnL;ksa dks viuk ewY;oku le; vkSj lg;ksx nsus osQ fy, /U;okn nsrs
gSaA O;oLFkkxr lq/kjksa vkSj vius çdk'kuksa esa fujarj fu[kkj ykus osQ çfr lefiZr ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-
fVIif.k;ksa o lq>koksa dk Lokxr djsxh] ftuls Hkkoh la'kks/uksa esa enn yh tk losQA

funs'kd
u;h fnYyhA jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku
20 fnlacj 2005 vkSj çf'k{k.k ifj"kn

iv

2015-16
 ikB~;iqLrd fuekZ.k lfefr
vè;{k] lkekftd foKku ikB~;iqLrd lykgdkj lfefr
gfj oklqnsou] çksI+ksQlj] bfrgkl foHkkx] dydÙkk fo'ofo|ky;] dksydkrkA
eq[; lykgdkj
rkil etwenkj] ,esfjVl çksI+ksQlj] vFkZ'kkL=k] tokgjyky usg: fo'ofo|ky;] u;h fnYyhA
lfefr
vkj- Jhfuoklu] çoDrk] vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx] vfjaxuj vUuk jktdh; dyk egkfo|ky;] foYyqiqje
rfeyukMqA
xksihukFk is:eqyk] çoDrk] VkVk lkekftd foKku laLFkku] eqacbZA
t;k flag] çoDrk] Mh-bZ-,l-,l-] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA
fuf'kr jatu] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] U;w vyhiqj cgqís'kh; fo|ky;] csgyk] dksydkrkA
uhjtk jf'e] çokpd] Mh-bZ-,l-,l-] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA
ukS'kkn vyh vktkn] çksI+ksQlj] vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx] tkfe;k fefy;k bLykfe;k] u;h fnYyhA
çfrek oqQekjh] çoDrk] Mh-bZ-,l-,l-] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA
iwue c{lh] ofj"B izoDrk] vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx] iatkc fo'ofo|ky; paMhx<+A
ch-lh-BkoqQj] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] jktdh; çfrHkk fodkl fo|ky;] fnYyhA
jke xksiky] çokpd] vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx] vUukeykbZ fo'ofo|ky;] vUukeykbZ uxj] rfeyukMqA
lfork iVuk;d] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] MseksLVªs'ku LowQy] jhtuy baLVhP;wV vkWiQ ,tqosQ'ku]
lfpoky; ekxZ] Hkqous'ojA
'kfeZ"Bk cuthZ] çèkkukè;kfidk] fo|k Hkkjrh ckfydk mPp fo|ky;] dksydkrkA
¯gnh vuqokn
vuqoknd eaMy
,p- osQ xqIrk] fnYyhA
vks- ih- vxzoky] u;h fnYyhA
dkark tks'kh] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] jktdh; dU;k mPp ekè;fed fo|ky;] u;h fnYyhA
ch- lh- BkoqQj] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] jktdh; izfrHkk fodkl fo|ky;] fnYyhA
Hkokuh 'akdj ckxyk] izokpd] vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx] ih-th-Mh-,-oh] u;h fnYyhA
jf'e 'kekZ] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] osaQnzh; fo|ky;] ts-,u-;w- dSail] u;h fnYyhA
yhuk flag] ih-th-Vh- (vFkZ'kkL=k)] osaQnzh; fo|ky;] ,-th-lh-vkj-] fnYyhA
Jh izse nkl] u;h fnYyhA
jktsUnz izlkn frokjh] u;h fnYyhA
jes'k pUnz] u;h fnYyhA
lnL; leUo;d
,e-oh- Jhfuoklu] çoDrk] Mh-bZ-,l-,l-] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA

2015-16
 vkHkkj
bl ikB~;iqLrd osQ fuekZ.k esa dbZ fe=kksa rFkk lgdfeZ;ksa dk lg;ksx izkIr gqvk gSA jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd
vuqlèa kku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ ,e- djixe] çoDrk] vFkZ'kkL=k foHkkx] ehuk{kh dkWyt s ] psUubZ_
ts-s tkWu] funs'kd] lsVa j iQkWj ,tqoQs 'ku ,aM dE;qfuosQ'ku] u;h fnYyh_ izR;w"k osQ- eaMy] çokpd] Mh-
bZ-,l-,l-,p-] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-_ uanu jsMM~ h] funs'kd (fodkl)] daluZ iQkWj ofdZxa fpYMZu] cSxa yksj_
oh lsyoe] fjlpZ LdkWyj] {ks=kh; vè;;u laLFkku&tokgjyky usg: fo'ofo|ky;] u;h fnYYkh_
çksI+kQs lj] lrh'k tSu] lsVa j iQkWj bdukWfed LVMht ,aM Iykafuax] tokgj yky usg: fo'ofo|ky;] u;h
fnYyh_ iwtk diwj] ekWMuZ LowQy] ckjk[kack jksM] u;h fnYyh_ fiz;k oSn;~ ] ljnkj iVsy fo|ky;]
yks/h ,LVsV] u;h fnYyh_ rFkk ufyuh in~eukHku] Mh-Vh-bZ-,-] lhfu;j lsoQa Mªh LowQy] tudiqjh] u;h
fnYyh dks bl iqLrd osQ fuekZ.k osQ fy, lg;ksx vkSj lkexzh iznku djus gsrq vkHkkj izdV djrh gSA
ifj"kn~ tkWu czseSu rFkk ikfFkZo 'kkg dk] vkWDliQksMZ ;wfuoflZVh] u;h fnYyh }kjk izdkf'kr
mudh iqLrd ^ofdZax bu nk fey uks eksj* ls iQksVksxzkiQ dk mi;ksx djus gsrq vkHkkj O;Dr djrh
gSaA oqQN dgkfu;k¡ ih- lkbZukFk }kjk fyf[kr ,oe~ isaX;wbu cqDl] u;h fnYyh }kjk izdkf'kr iqLrd
^,ojhckWMh yOl , xkWM MªkmV* ls yh xbZ gSA fdlkuksa osQ }kjk dh tk jgh vkRegR;k ls lacafèkr
,d fp=k ^n fganw* ls fy;k x;k gSA i;kZoj.k eqíksa ls tqM+s oqQN fp=k rFkk ikB~;&lkexzh ^LVsV
vkWiQ bafM;u buok;jesaV&1] 2* ls fy;s x;s gaS] tks lsaVj iQWkj lkbal ,aM MsoyiesaV] u;h fnYyh
ls izdkf'kr gSA ifj"kn mu ys[kdksa] dkWih jkbV èkkjdksa rFkk izdk'kdksa dks muosQ }kjk iznÙk lanHkZ
lkefxz;ksa osQ fy, vkHkkj O;Dr djrh gSA ifj"kn~ izsl lwpuk C;wjks] lwpuk rFkk izlkj.k ea=kky;]
u;h fnYyh_ us'kuy jsy E;wft;e] u;h fnYyh dks Hkh muosQ iQksVks iqLrdky; esa miyC/ fp=kksa
osQ mi;ksx dh vuqefr nsus osQ fy, èkU;okn nsrh gSA oqQN fp=k tkWu lqjs'k oqQekj] lk;uksfMdy
cksMZ vkWiQ lks'ky lfoZl_ fla/q esuu] ysoj iQkby] u;h fnYyh_ ,l- fFk:eky eq:xu] vkpk;Z]
vfèk;eku eSfVªoqQys'ku LowQy] ÅRraxjkbZ_ vkj- lh- nkl] lsaVªy baLVhP;wV vkWiQ ,tqosQ'kuy
VsDuksykWth_ js.kqdk] us'kuy baLVhP;wV vkWiQ gsYFk ,aM isQeyh osyisQ;j] u;h fnYyh dks muosQ
;ksxnku osQ fy, ÑrKrk O;Dr djrh gSA
lfork flUgk] vè;{k] lkekftd foKku ,oe~ ekufodh f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- dks
Hkh muosQ lg;ksx osQ fy, vkHkkj! ikaMfq yfi dks tk¡pus&ij[kus rFkk muesa okafNr ifjorZuksa osQ fy,
lq>ko nsus gsrq jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku ,oa izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ dh lykgdkj laiknd oanuk flag
dks fo'ks"k :i ls /U;oknA
bl iqLrd osQ fodkl esa lg;ksx osQ fy, ifj"kn~ fnisUnz oqQekj] fot; oqQekj] Mh-Vh-ih-
vkWijsVj_ foHkksj flag] izwiQ jhMj_ fou; 'kadj ik.Ms;] dkWih ,fMVj_ fnus'k oqQekj] bapktZ daI;wVj
d{k osQ izfr Hkh vkHkkj O;Dr djrh gSA

2015-16
 bl iqLrd osQ ç;ksx ij
^Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd fodkl* ij bl iqLrd dh jpuk dk eq[; è;s; ikBd dks Hkkjrh;
vFkZO;oLFkk osQ le{k eq[; leL;kvksa vkSj eqíksa ls ifjfpr djkuk gSA blh çfØ;k esa
uo ;qokvksa dks bu fo"k;ksa osQ çfr laosnu'khy cukus osQ lkFk&lkFk mUgsa fofHkUu
vkfFkZd fØ;kvksa esa ljdkj dh Hkwfedk dh lekykspuk dj ikus esa l{ke cukuk Hkh gSA
;g iqLrd ns'k osQ vkfFkZd lalkèkuksa vkSj fofHkUu {ks=kdksa esa muosQ ç;ksx osQ fo"k; esa
Hkh tkudkjh çnku dj jgh gSA lkFk gh Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fofHkUu vk;keksa ls tqM+s
vk¡dM+ksa }kjk ifjek.kkRed tkudkjh osQ lkFk&lkFk ns'k dh vkfFkZd uhfr;ksa dh Hkh ,d
>yd blesa lekfgr gSA bu lcosQ vk/kj ij vk'kk dh tk jgh gS fd ikBd viuh
fo'ys"k.k {kerkvksa dks fodflr dj vkfFkZd ?kVukØe dks le>us vkSj Hkkjr osQ
vkfFkZd Hkfo"; osQ fo"k; esa viuk ,d n`f"Vdks.k fodflr dj ikus esa liQy gksaxsA
fiQj Hkh] gekjk ç;kl jgk gS fd ikBd ij vo/kj.kkvksa vksj vk¡dM+ksa dk vfèkd cks>
u gksus ik,A
tgk¡ rd fofHkUu vkfFkZd ç'uksa vkSj ço`fÙk;ksa dh ckr gS] iqLrd esa muosQ fo"k;
esa oSdfYid erksa dks Li"V fd;k x;k gS] rkfd ikBd mu ij Kku vkèkkfjr ppkZvksa
esa Hkkxhnkj cu losaQA Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd fodkl ij bl ikB;Øe dks iw.kZ djus osQ
i'pkr~ gesa vk'kk gS fd ikBd vius bnZ&fxnZ py jgs lac¼ Lrjh; vkfFkZd ?kVukØe
dks le> ik,¡xs vkSj lapkj ekè;eksa (ehfM;k) }kjk miyCèk djkbZ xbZ rRlac/h lwpuk
dks le> dj mldk vkykspukRed ewY;kadu dj ik,¡xsA
bl ikB~;Øe osQ çR;sd vè;k; esa oqQN fØ;kRed xfrfof/;k¡ Hkh lq>kbZ xbZ
gSaA ;g dk;Z Nk=kksa dks f'k{kdksa osQ ekxZn'kZu esa djuk gSA okLro esa]
bl ikB~;Øe esa Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk osQ le> ikus esa f'k{kd dh
Hkwfedk dks vf/d le`f¼dkjd vkSj lkFkZd cukus dk ç;kl fd;k
x;k gSA bu fØ;kRed xfrfof/;ksa dk d{kk esa ifjppkZ] vkfFkZd
losZ{k.k vkfn ljdkjh nLrkostksa] vfHkys[kksa] lekpkj&i=kksa] Vsyhfotu o
vU; lzksrksa ls tkudkjh (vk¡dMa+s) ,d=k djuk vkfn lfEefyr gSA
fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij fo}kuksa osQ ys[k vkSj iqLrosaQ i<+us osQ fy, Hkh f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks
çksRlkfgr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
bu lHkh mís';ksa dh çkfIr dks laHko cukus osQ fy, f'k{kdksa dks fo"k; vkjaHk
djus ls iwoZ gh oqQN dk;Z çkjaHk djus gksaxsA 'kSf{kd o"kZ osQ vkjaHk esa gh f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks

2015-16
iapo"khZ; ;kstukvksa] Ñf"k] m|ksx] lsokvksa rFkk xjhch fuokj.k] jkstxkj loèkZu] xzkeh.k
fodkl] i;kZoj.k] vk/kfjd lajpuk] LokLF;] f'k{kk] ÅtkZ ,oa phu o ikfdLrku osQ
vkfFkZd ?kVukØe vkfn osQ fo"k; esa lekpkj&i=kksa] if=kdkvksa vkfn ls mi;qDr
tkudkjh ,d=k djus dks dgk tkuk pkfg,A tc f'k{kd d{kk esa dksbZ fo"k; i<+kuk
çkjaHk djs] rks f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa osQ ikl mlls lac¼ drjus d{kk esa çnf'kZr djus osQ fy,
miyC/ gksuh pkfg,A f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa osQ fy, o"kZ osQ vkjaHk esa gh bu drjuksa osQ laxzg
djus esa tqV tkuk cgqr egRoiw.kZ gksxkA rHkh os mi;qDr le; ij vko';d tkudkjh
çLrqr dj ik,¡xsA ;g vknr Hkfo"; esa mudh f'k{kk osQ mÙkjksÙkj lksikuksa esa cgqr gh
lgk;d fl¼ gksxhA
lHkh LowQyksa dks çfro"kZ vkfFkZd losZ{k.k dh çfr [kjhnuh gksxhA ;g Hkkjrh;
vFkZO;oLFkk dh uohure tkudkjh dk cgqr mi;ksxh Ïksr gksrk gSA blesa ladfyr
fjiksVks± ls Nk=kksa dk ifjp; vko';d gSA fofHkUu fØ;kRed xfrfof/;ksa esa ml
tkudkjh dk mi;ksx gksxkA losZ{k.k osQ lkaf[;dh; ifjf'k"Vksa osQ vk¡dM+s fofHkUu eqíksa
dks Hkyh&Hkk¡fr le>us esa furkar mi;ksxh gksaxsA
vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fdlh Hkh eqís ij ppkZ djrs le; mlls tqM+s vk¡dM+ksa dh
O;k[;k vifjgk;Z gks tkrh gSA ;fn ge lao`f¼ njksa dh ckr djrs gSa] rks oqQy lao`f¼
vkSj {ks=kdokj lao`f¼ dh ppkZ gh i;kZIr ugha gksxhA f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks lao`f¼ njksa dh
ço`fÙk;ksa] mu njksa dks miyCèk djus dh çfØ;kvksa rFkk mUgsa laHko cukus okys dkjdksa
osQ ckjs esa Hkh crkuk vfuok;Z gks tk,xkA ;g lc rks osQoy lao`f¼ njksa dks fdlh
rkfydk esa ntZ djus ls dgha vkxs rd tkus ij gh laHko gksxkA lHkh
vè;k;ksa esa oqQN Øekad vafdr ckWDl Hkh gSaA buesa eq[; ikB esa dh
xbZ ppkZ ls tqM+h vfrfjDr tkudkjh j[kh xbZ gSA ;s ckWDl vè;;u
dks okLrfod thou osQ vf/d fudV ykus dk ç;kl gSA
;s vk¡dM+ksa osQ ekuoh; i{k dks mtkxj djrs gaS] ¯drq ;s ckWDl vkSj
fØ;kRed xfrfof/;ksa] ijh{kk ,oa ewY;kadu osQ fy, ç;ksx ugha fd,
tk,¡xsA
vè;k;ksa osQ var esa ijaijkxr vH;kl ç'uksa osQ lkFk&lkFk oqQN
vfrfjDr fØ;kRed dk;Z Hkh lq>k, x, gSaA buesa ls ikB osQ chp esa nh
xbZ vfrfjDr xfrfof/;ksa esa ls vf/d foLr`r xfrfof/;k¡ f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks vè;;u&ifj;kstuk
osQ :i esa nh tk ldrh gSA bu ifj;kstukvksa dh jpuk esa f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks ikB~;iqLrd
dh lkexzh ls dgha vkxs rd tkus dks çksRlkfgr djuk f'k{kdkas dk nkf;Ro gksxkA

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 lHkh LowQyksa esa lwpuk laca/h çkS|ksfxdh; lqfoèkk,¡ lqyHk gksuk rks vko';d ugha gS]
fiQj Hkh f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks ;g tkuuk egRoiw.kZ gksxk fd vc Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk osQ
fo"k; esa lHkh tkudkfj;k¡ baVjusV ij miyC/ gSaA f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks
baVjusV ç;ksx dj ljdkjh foHkkxksa dh osclkbV ls mi;qDr tkudkjh
çkIr djus dks çksRlkfgr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ge tkurs gh gaS fd
xjhch&fo"k;d lkjh tkudkjh ;kstuk vk;ksx çdkf'kr djrk gSA Nk=kksa
dks ;g crk;k tkuk pkfg, fd Hkkjr ljdkj osQ ;kstuk vk;ksx dh osclkbV ij
Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk osQ vusd vk;keksa ls tqM+h tkudkfj;k¡ fofHkUu fjiksVks± osQ :i esa
lqyHk gSaA bu fjiksVks± dh eqfær çfr;k¡ çkIr gksuk lnSo laHko ugha gksxkA ¯drq] usV ls
budks daI;wVj ij mrkj dj budk d{kkvksa esa ç;ksx rks gks ldrk gSA
vc rks fiNys nl o"kks± osQ vkfFkZd los{Z k.k tSls nLrkost www://budgetindia.nic.in
uked osclkbV ij miyC/ gSA cgqr ls laxBuksa us vius osclkbV dk irk cnyk gSA
;fn fdrkc osQ vyx&vyx vè;k;ksa esa fn, x, osclkbV ugha [kqy jgs gSa rks mu irksa
dks lpZ batu osQ }kjk <¡w<as] tSls xqxy (GOOGLE )(www.google.co.in )-
çR;sd vè;k; osQ eq[; ¯cnqvksa dks lkj la{ksi osQ varxZr nksgjkus dk dk;Z Hkh
fd;k x;k gSA eq[; ikB esa ç;qDr rkfydk,¡ vusd 'kks/&i=kksa@jpukvksa ls ladfyr gqbZ
gSaA mu jpukvksa dks lanHkZ xzaFk dh lwph esa j[kk x;k gSA ¯drq çR;sd lkj.kh osQ uhps
lanHkZ lzksr ugha fn, gSa] D;ksafd ;s fofHkUu 'kks/&lkefxz;ksa ls fy, x, gSa ftudk
mYys[k ^lanHkZ* esa fd;k x;k gSA
ge ,d ckj fiQj ;g ckr nksgjk jgs gSa fd bl iqLrd dh jpuk dk è;s;
f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dh lef"V Lrjh; leL;kvksa ls ifjfpr djk
mUgsa muosQ fo"k; esa Kku vkèkkfjr ifjppkZvksa esa Hkkxhnkjh esa leFkZ cukuk gSA gekjk
;g Hkh vkxzg gS fd bl ikB~;Øe dks lgh vFkks± eas le>us dh lcls vPNh fof/
ijLij lg;ksx gh gksxhA vr% Nk=kksa vkSj f'k{kdksa dks feytqy dj Hkkjrh;
vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fofHkUu i{kksa@vk;keksa ls tqM+h tkudkjh dk ladyu dj iBu&ikBu
osQ fy, mudk lgh ç;ksx djuk pkfg,A vki bl fdrkc osQ fdlh Hkh fgLls ls
lacaf/r vius iz'u vkSj izfrfØ;k fuEufyf[kr irs ij Hkst ldrs gSSaA dk;ZØe
leUo;d (vFkZ ' kkL=k)] lkekftd foKku f'k{kk foHkkx] jk"Vª h ; 'kS f {kd
vuqla/ku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~] Jh vjfoUn ekxZ] u;h fnYyh & 110016
bZ-esy% classtenecons2007@hotmail.com.

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2015-16
 fo"k; lwph

vkeq[k iii

bdkbZ ,d % fodkl uhfr;k¡ vkSj vuqHko (1947&90) 1&36

vè;k; 1 Lora=krk dh iwoZ laè;k ij Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk 3&15
&vkSifuosf'kd 'kklu osQ varxZr fuEu&Lrjh; vkfFkZd fodkl 4
&Ñf"k {ks=kd 5
&vkS|ksfxd {ks=kd 7
&fons'kh O;kikj 8
&tukafddh; ifjfLFkfr 9
&O;kolkf;d lajpuk 11
&vkèkkfjd lajpuk 11
vè;k; 2 Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk (1950&90) 16&36
&iapo"khZ; ;kstukvksa osQ y{; 19
&Ñf"k 23
&m|ksx vkSj O;kikj 28
&O;kikj uhfr% vk;kr çfrLFkkiu 30
bdkbZ nks % vkfFkZd lqèkkj 1991 ls 37&58
vè;k; 3 mnkjhdj.k] futhdj.k vkSj oS'ohdj.k% ,d leh{kk 39
&i`"BHkwfe 40
&mnkjhdj.k 42
&futhdj.k 46
&oS'ohdj.k 47
&lqèkkjdkyhu Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkkµ,d leh{kk 50
bdkbZ rhu % Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dh orZeku pqukSfr;k¡ 59&84
vè;k; 4 fuèkZurk 61
&fuèkZu dkSu gSa\ 62
&fuèkZuksa dh igpku dSls gksrh gS\ 65

2015-16
 &Hkkjr es fuèkZuksa dh la[;k 69
&fuèkZurk D;ksa gksrh gS\ 70
&fuèkZurk fuokj.k osQ fy, uhfr;k¡ vkSj dk;ZØe 74
&fuèkZurk fuokj.k dk;ZØe& ,d leh{kk 77
vè;k; 5 Hkkjr esa ekuo iw¡th dk fuekZ.k 85&102
&ekuo iw¡wth D;k gS\ 87
&ekuo iw¡wth osQ lzksr 87
&ekuo iw¡wth vkSj ekuo fodkl 93
&Hkkjr esa ekuo iw¡th fuekZ.k dh fLFkfr 94
&f'k{kk ij lkoZtfud O;; esa o`f¼ 95
&Hkfo"; dh laHkkouk,¡ 97
vè;k; 6 xzkeh.k fodkl 103&119
&xzkeh.k fodkl D;k gS\ 104
&xzkeh.k {ks=kdksa esa lk[k vkSj foi.ku 105
&Ñf"k foi.ku O;oLFkk 108
&mRiknd fofèk;ksa dk fofoèkhdj.k 110
&èkkj.kh; fodkl vkSj tSfod Ñf"k 115
vè;k; 7 jkstxkjµlao`f¼] vukSipkjhdj.k ,oa vU; eqís 120&142
&Jfed vkSj jkstxkj 122
&yksxksa dh jkstxkj esa Hkkxhnkjh 123
&Lofu;ksftr rFkk HkkM+s osQ Jfed 125
&iQeks±] dkj[kkuksa rFkk dk;kZy;ksa esa jkstxkj 127
&lao`f¼ ,oa ifjorZu'khy jkstxkj lajpuk 129
&Hkkjrh; Jecy dk vukSipkjhdj.k 132
&csjkstxkjh 135
&ljdkj vkSj jkstxkj l`tu 137
vè;k; 8 vkèkkfjd lajpuk 143&166
&vkèkkfjd lajpuk D;k gS\ 144
&vkèkkfjd lajpuk dh çklafxdrk 145
&vkèkkfjd lajpuk dh fLFkfr 146
&ÅtkZ 148
&LokLF; 153
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vè;k; 9 i;kZoj.k vkSj èkkj.kh; fodkl 167&184
&i;kZoj.k % ifjHkk"kk vkSj dk;Z 168
&Hkkjr dh i;kZoj.k fLFkfr 172
&èkkj.kh; fodkl 176
&èkkj.kh; fodkl dh j.kuhfr;k¡ 178
bdkbZ pkj % Hkkjr vkSj mlosQ iM+kslh ns'kksa osQ rqyukRed fodkl vuqHko 185&203
vè;k; 10 Hkkjr vkSj mlosQ iM+kslh ns'kksa osQ rqyukRed fodkl vuqHko 187
&fodkl iFk% ,d fp=kkadu 188
&tukafddh; laosQrd 191
&ldy ?kjsyw mRikn ,oa {ks=kd 192
&ekuo fodkl osQ laosQrd 196
&fodkl uhfr;k¡% ,d ewY;kadu 196
ikfjHkkf"kd 'kCnkoyh 204&212

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 Hkkjr dk lafo/ku
Hkkx 4d

ukxfjdksa osQ ewy drZO;

vuqPNsn 51 d
ewy drZO; & Hkkjr osQ izR;sd ukxfjd dk ;g drZO; gksxk fd og &
(d) lafo/ku dk ikyu djs vkSj mlosQ vkn'kks±] laLFkkvksa] jk"Vªèot vkSj jk"Vªxku dk vknj djs_
([k) Lora=krk osQ fy, gekjs jk"Vªh; vkanksyu dks izsfjr djus okys mPp vkn'kks± dks ân; esa latks, j[ks
vkSj mudk ikyu djs_
(x) Hkkjr dh laizHkqrk] ,drk vkSj v[kaMrk dh j{kk djs vkSj mls v{kq..k cuk, j[ks_
(?k) ns'k dh j{kk djs vkSj vkg~oku fd, tkus ij jk"Vª dh lsok djs_
(Ä) Hkkjr osQ lHkh yksxksa esa lejlrk vkSj leku Hkzkr`Ro dh Hkkouk dk fuekZ.k djs tks
/eZ] Hkk"kk vkSj izns'k ;k oxZ ij vkèkkfjr lHkh HksnHkkoksa ls ijs gks] ,slh izFkkvksa dk R;kx djs tks
efgykvksa osQ lEeku osQ fo#n~/ gkas_
(p) gekjh lkekfld laL d̀fr dh xkSjo'kkyh ijaijk dk egRRo le>s vkSj mldk ifjj{k.k djs_
(N) izk d̀frd i;kZoj.k dh] ftlds varxZr ou] >hy] unh vkSj oU; tho gS]a j{kk djs vkSj mldk laoèkZu
djs rFkk izkf.kek=k osQ izfr n;kHkko j[ks_
(t) oSKkfud n`f"Vdks.k] ekuookn vkSj KkuktZu rFkk lq/kj dh Hkkouk dk fodkl djs_
(>) lkoZtfud laifRr daaks lqjf{kr j[ks vkSj fgalk ls nwj jgs_
(×k) O;fDrxr vkSj lkewfgd xfrfof/;ksa osQ lHkh {ks=kksa esa mRd"kZ dh vksj c<+us dk lrr~ iz;kl djs]
ftlls jk"Vª fujarj c<+rs gq, iz;Ru vkSj miyfC/ dh ubZ m¡Qpkb;ksa dks Nw losQ_ vkSj
(V) ;fn ekrk&firk ;k laj{kd gS] Ng o"kZ ls pkSng o"kZ rd dh vk;q okys vius] ;FkkfLFkfr] ckyd
;k izfrikY; dks f'k{kk osQ volj iznku djsA

2015-16