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process
Hariprasad Kodamana
Dept. of Chemical Engieering, IIT Delhi
uR (s) = sa2
Examples of ramp changes:
Ramp a setpoint to a new value. (Why not make a step
change?)
Feed composition, heat exchanger fouling, catalyst activity,
ambient temperature
Hariprasad Kodamana (CHE, IITD ) CLL261-Process Dynamics and Control 5 / 23 5 / 23
Rectangular Pulse
uRP = hs [1 − e −tw s ]
Examples of rectangular pulse input
Reactor feed is shut off for one hour
The fuel gas supply to a furnace is briefly interrupted
K M
Y (s) = τ s+1
U(s), with uS (s) = s
, So,
KM
Y (s) = (5)
s(τ s + 1)
Over damped
First order systems in series
Under damped- Mostly physical related
Too little line capacity - flow or other processes such as a
pneumatic (air) instrument line
Inertial effects- Mercury manometer